Fresh cut flower preservative for woody plants as well as preparation method and application of fresh cut flower preservative

Abstract

The invention discloses a fresh cut flower preservative for a woody plant as well as a preparation method and application of the fresh cut flower preservative. The fresh cut flower preservative for the woody plant comprises absolute ethyl alcohol, cane sugar, citric acid, EDTA-Na2, monopotassium phosphate, calcium nitrate, Tween 20, 6-benzylamino adenine and water. The fresh flower preservative is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 15 to 20 parts of cane sugar, 25 to 30 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol, 0.5 to 2 parts of citric acid, 0.2 to 1 part of EDTA-Na2 (Ethylene Diamine Tetraacetic Acid), 0.02 to 0.03 part of monopotassium phosphate, 0.01 to 0.03 part of calcium nitrate, 0.01 to 0.02 part of Tween 20, 0.02 to 0.04 part of 6-benzylamino adenine and 800 to 1000 parts of water. The fresh-keeping agent for the fresh cut flowers is non-toxic, the preparation method is simple, and the fresh-keeping performance is excellent; moreover, the flower type can be kept, flower pitches are relieved, the problem that fresh flower leaves are prone to withering is solved, the quality of fresh flowers is improved, and the ornamental period of the fresh flowers is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of fertilizers, and in particular relates to a flower preservative for woody plants, a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Fresh cut flowers, also known as cut flowers, refer to plant materials such as stems, leaves, flowers, and fruits that are cut from living plants and have ornamental value and are used to make flower baskets, bouquets, wreaths, etc. Woody fresh cut flowers available on the market include tulips, lilies, carnations, baby's breath, etc. The main reasons for fresh cut flower wilting are as follows: Internal reasons: (1) The balance of water supply is disrupted: the flower branch ducts are blocked, making it difficult for water to be transported upward, and the petal cells cannot maintain turgor pressure; (2) After the flowers are cut, respiration is enhanced, and the activity of enzymes such as peroxidase and ribonuclease in the petals is enhanced; (3) The aging tissues of fresh cut flowers produce ethylene, which accelerates the aging of flowers; (4) After the flowers are cut, the incision produces a traumatic reaction, and a large amount of enzymes and other products are secreted, causing the ducts to be blocked. At the same time, the reproduction of microorganisms at the incision causes further blockage of the ducts, and finally the ducts lose their water absorption function, causing the flowers to wilt; (5) After the flowers are cut, the sieve tubes secrete callose, causing the sieve tubes to be blocked, and nutrients are difficult to reach the petals, eventually leading to wilting. External reasons: (1) High temperature will lead to increased respiration and metabolic activity, which will accelerate the wilting of fresh cut flowers; (2) Water quality. The chloride ions in tap water are harmful to plants and accelerate aging; (3) The light is too strong. Some plants can only accept scattered light. If they are exposed to the sun for a long time, they will wither; (4) Infection with pests and diseases, especially in summer; (5) Improper fertilization. The improper fertilizer used during fertilization can easily cause fertilizer damage and lead to wilting.

[0003] The main ingredients of the fresh cut flower preservatives on the market are mostly large amounts of antibacterial agents and basic nutrients. After the roots of fresh cut flowers are removed, it is difficult to transfer nutrients within the flowers. The preservation effect is achieved only by inhibiting the reproduction of bacteria in the water, which is a temporary solution but not a fundamental solution. As a result, the preservation effect is poor and even accelerates the withering of flowers. With the development of science and technology, people's yearning for a better life, and the demand for fresh cut flowers across the country is increasing, and traditional flower preservative technology can no longer meet the demand. Summary of the invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a fresh cut flower preservative for woody plants, wherein the preservative is a fresh cut flower preservative for woody plants with sugars, bactericidal and antibacterial agents, organic acids, chelating agents, mineral nutrients and plant growth regulators as main components. The fresh cut flower preservative of the present invention has sufficient raw material sources and low costs, significantly improves the fresh cut flower preservation effect and extends the service life of the flowers, and solves the problems of nutrient transport blockage in the flower diameter sieve tube and poor petal hardness.

[0005] The invention also provides a preparation method and application of the fresh cut flower preservative of woody plants.

[0006] Technical solution: In order to achieve the above purpose, the fresh cut flower preservative of the present invention comprises anhydrous ethanol, sucrose, citric acid, EDTA-Na2, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, calcium nitrate, Tween 20, 6-benzylaminoadenine and water.

[0007] Furthermore, the fresh cut flower preservative comprises, by weight, 25-30 parts of anhydrous ethanol, 15-20 parts of sucrose, 0.5-2 parts of citric acid, 0.2-1 parts of EDTA-Na2, 0.02-0.03 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.01-0.03 parts of calcium nitrate, 0.01-0.02 parts of Tween 20, 0.02-0.04 parts of 6-benzylaminoadenine, and 800-1000 parts of water.

[0008] Preferably, the ratio of the fresh cut flower preservative is: 30 parts of anhydrous ethanol, 15 parts of sucrose, 2 parts of citric acid, 0.2 parts of EDTA-Na2, 0.02 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.02 parts of calcium nitrate, 0.01 parts of Tween 20, 0.02 parts of 6-benzylaminoadenine, and 1000 parts of water, especially for the insurance of Diana roses.

[0009] The preparation method of the fresh cut flower preservative for woody plants of the present invention comprises the following steps: adding anhydrous ethanol, sucrose, citric acid, EDTA-Na2, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, calcium nitrate, Tween 20, 6-benzylaminoadenine and water in sequence, stirring and mixing them evenly, and then adding ascorbic acid to adjust the pH value of the solution.

[0010] Furthermore, the stirring speed is 50-70 rpm, and the stirring time is 30-60 minutes.

[0011] Furthermore, the pH is 3-4.

[0012] The invention discloses an application of the fresh cut flower preservative for woody plants in prolonging the flowering period of the fresh cut flowers of woody plants.

[0013] Furthermore, the application process is: soaking the roots of fresh cut flowers in the fresh cut flower preservative until the flowers wither.

[0014] Sucrose is almost universally present in leaves, flowers, stems, seeds and fruits of the plant kingdom. Adding sucrose in the present invention can provide nutrients for fresh flowers and prolong the shelf life of fresh flowers. The 3% ethanol added in the present invention has a certain bactericidal effect, which can inhibit the reproduction of microorganisms at the incision of fresh cut flowers and prevent duct blockage. Citric acid is a commonly used organic acid with a molecular formula of C6H8O7. It is an important organic acid. It is a colorless crystal, odorless, has a strong sour taste, is easily soluble in water, and belongs to an acidity regulator (GB2760-2014). Adding citric acid in the present invention can reduce the pH value of the preservative solution, inhibit enzyme activity, and prolong the shelf life of fresh flowers. EDTA-Na2 in the above-mentioned ingredients is also called disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, which is a good chelating agent with a chemical formula of C 10 H 14 N2Na2O8, with a molecular weight of 336.206, can chelate metal ions in the solution to prevent discoloration, deterioration, turbidity and oxidative loss of vitamin C caused by metals. The EDTA-Na2 added in the present invention can inhibit the formation of callose in the sieve tube and keep the nutrient transport of the sieve tube unobstructed. The chemical formula of potassium dihydrogen phosphate in the above-mentioned ingredients is KH2PO4, which is used as a high-efficiency phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer in agriculture. The appropriate amount of potassium dihydrogen phosphate added in the present invention can provide phosphorus and potassium nutrient elements. The calcium nitrate in the above-mentioned ingredients is deliquescent in the air and is easily soluble in water. Ca 2+ It has a certain effect on the stability of cell membranes, and also has an effect on improving plant stress resistance and preventing premature cell aging. The addition of calcium nitrate in the present invention can improve the stability of flower cell membranes and keep petals upright. Tween 20 in the above ingredients, as a humectant, has a high molecular film to reduce transpiration, can close some stomata on flowers, and reduce the transpiration of flower water. 6-benzylaminoadenine in the above ingredients, as a plant growth regulator, can reduce the ability to synthesize ethylene, delay the loss of green leaves and the aging of petals.

[0015] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0016] The fresh cut flower preservative of the present invention is non-toxic and does not cause harm to fresh cut flowers on the market and users; the preparation method is simple and the fresh-keeping performance is excellent. It is universal for common products on the market; and it can effectively prolong the flowering period, maintain the flower shape, slow down the flower drooping, improve the quality of fresh cut flowers and prolong the viewing period of fresh cut flowers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 The cut flower morphology of each treatment on the first day of the experimental cultivation, from left to right: CK, experimental example 1, experimental example 2, experimental example 3, Qiandai, Kelixian, Huazhishou;

[0018] Figure 2The morphology of cut flowers in each treatment on the seventh day of experimental cultivation, from left to right: CK, Experimental Example 1, Experimental Example 2, Experimental Example 3, Qiandai, Kelixian, and Huazhishou. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0020] A comparative experiment was conducted using the woody plant fresh cut flower preservative of the present invention and the mainstream preservative products on the market. The fresh cut flower experiment was conducted in the greenhouse of the College of Resources and Environmental Sciences of Nanjing Agricultural University from May to June 2022.

[0021] The fresh cut flowers used in the fresh cut flower preservation experiment were the woody plant Diana rose, and the common preservatives on the market were selected from the preservative products of Qiandai (Shanghai Qiandai Flower Technology Co., Ltd.), Chrysal (Netherlands) and FlorBelle (USA).

[0022] Example 1

[0023] The preservation experiment was divided into 4 groups (experimental group 1, experimental group 2, experimental group 3, CK), all of which were treated at room temperature of 20°C, and each treatment was set up with three replicates.

[0024] Experimental groups 1-3: The raw materials of the fresh cut flower preservative for woody plants are as follows by weight: 30 parts of anhydrous ethanol, 15-20 parts of sucrose, 2 parts of citric acid, 0.2 parts of EDTA-Na2, 0.02 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.01-0.03 parts of calcium nitrate, 200.01 parts of Tween, 0.02 parts of 6-benzylaminoadenine, 1000 parts of distilled water, and ascorbic acid is used to adjust the pH of the fresh cut flower preservative to 3.0. Specifically, after adding water, stir at 50 rpm for 60 minutes to mix evenly, and then add ascorbic acid to adjust the pH of the solution to 3.0.

[0025] The CK group was distilled water only.

[0026] As shown in Table 1, under the experimental treatment, three groups of concentration gradients were selected for the flower preservative of the present invention, which were divided into experimental group 1, experimental group 2 and experimental group 3, wherein sucrose was 15, 20 and 20 parts respectively, calcium nitrate was 0.02, 0.01 and 0.02 parts respectively, and the remaining components were 30 parts of anhydrous ethanol, 2 parts of citric acid, 0.2 parts of EDTA-Na2, 0.02 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.01 parts of Tween 20, 0.02 parts of 6-benzylaminoadenine, and 1000 parts of water.

[0027] Under the same conditions, the roots of fresh cut Diana roses were immersed in different flower preservatives.

[0028] Table 1 Sucrose and calcium nitrate components under experimental treatment

[0029]

[0030]

[0031] The comparative experiment lasted for one week (7 days), and the changes in the three indicators of fresh weight, flower diameter and hardness of each treatment were recorded at the same time every day.

[0032] Fresh weight determination: Use the weighing method to determine the fresh weight of cut flowers by subtraction every day, and calculate the difference with the fresh weight on the first day of cultivation;

[0033] Flower diameter measurement: Use a vernier caliper to measure the maximum diameter of the flower, taking the point just touching the petals and about to deform as the reference point, and repeat the measurement three times to obtain the average value;

[0034] Hardness test: Gently pinch the flower with your hands and determine the hardness based on the required strength and deformation state.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, the cut flower morphology of each treatment on the first day of cultivation, from left to right: CK, test group 1, test group 2, test group 3, Qiandai, Kelixian, Huazhishou. From the figure, it can be seen that the inflorescence axis thickness and flower diameter of Diana roses in each treatment are consistent, the inflorescence axis is upright, and the petals are not withered;

[0036] like Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the cut flower morphology of each treatment on the seventh day of cultivation is, from left to right: CK, test group 1, test group 2, test group 3, Qiandai, Kelixian, and Huazhishou. It can be seen from the figure that there are necrotic spots on the leaves of the CK treatment, the flowers are drooping, the petals are completely dehydrated, and the inflorescence axis has almost no support for the flowers; the flowers of the Huazhishou treatment are drooping, the petals are dehydrated, and the inflorescence axis has been severely bent; the inflorescence axes of the other treatments are straight, the flowers of the test group 1 treatment are the most intact, the flowers of the test group 2 treatment are the most swollen, the flowers of the test group 3 treatment are not in full bloom and the petals are soft, and the flowers of the Qiandai and Kelixian treatments are in full bloom and the petals are soft.

[0037] During the experimental period, the change in fresh weight was related to the water and nutrient content of fresh cut flowers. The smaller the change in fresh weight, the better the preservation effect. As shown in Table 1, the change in fresh weight of fresh cut flowers under the experimental culture was significantly lower than that in the control group using Qiandai and Kelixian. Among them, the fresh weight change of experimental group 1 was the smallest and the preservation effect was the best.

[0038] For Diana rose, the most suitable ratio of fresh cut flower preservative is: 15 parts of sucrose, 30 parts of anhydrous ethanol, 2 parts of citric acid, 0.2 parts of EDTA-Na2, 0.02 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.02 parts of calcium nitrate, 0.01 parts of Tween 20, 0.02 parts of 6-benzylaminoadenine, and 1000 parts of water.

[0039] The smaller the number in the hardness index, the harder the petals, and the larger the number, the softer the petals. The decrease in petal hardness indicates that the fresh cut flowers are beginning to decay. As shown in Table 2, the CK control group could not meet the one-week preservation requirement regardless of whether it was at room temperature or in a greenhouse environment. The preservative of the present invention and most of the mainstream products on the market can meet the requirement of keeping fresh cut flowers fresh for one week under room temperature and greenhouse treatment. In terms of hardness index, the hardness of the control group using the preservative of the present invention changed less, and was significantly better than the other three common preservative products on the market, and the hardness of the petals of fresh cut flowers can basically be maintained unchanged.

[0040] In terms of the change in flower diameter, the experimental results are shown in Table 2. The use of the flower preservative of the present invention can promote the opening of fresh cut flowers at room temperature, and the change in flower diameter is almost equivalent to that of the commercially available Qiandai and Kelixian.

[0041] It can be seen from the above content that the fresh-keeping agent prepared by the present invention has a good fresh-keeping effect on fresh flowers.

[0042] Table 2 Changes of various indicators in greenhouse control treatment (one week)

[0043]

[0044] In summary, the present invention has developed a new fresh cut flower preservative. The preservative with a specific ratio of the present invention, especially the preservative of test group 1, minimizes the change in fresh weight of fresh flowers, promotes the opening of fresh cut flowers, and keeps the hardness unchanged, and has the best insurance effect. The ratio of sucrose and calcium nitrate in the insurance ratio of the present invention is very important. It can be seen from test groups 2 and 3 that any increase in the two will lead to a decrease in the preservation effect. At the same time, if 15 parts of sucrose and 0.01 parts of calcium nitrate are used in the present invention, the petals cannot be kept upright, and the preservation effect will also be significantly reduced. At the same time, the addition of EDTA-Na2 in the present invention can inhibit the formation of callose in the sieve tube and keep the nutrient transport of the sieve tube unobstructed. If it is not added, it will also significantly affect the preservation effect.

Claims

1. A fresh cut flower preservative for woody plants, characterized in that: The flower preservative comprises anhydrous ethanol, sucrose, citric acid, EDTA-Na2, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, calcium nitrate, Tween 20, 6-benzylaminoadenine and water.

2. The fresh cut flower preservative for woody plants according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flower preservative comprises, by weight, 25-30 parts of anhydrous ethanol, 15-20 parts of sucrose, 0.5-2 parts of citric acid, 0.2-1 parts of EDTA-Na2, 0.02-0.03 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.01-0.03 parts of calcium nitrate, 0.01-0.02 parts of Tween 20, 0.02-0.04 parts of 6-benzylaminoadenine, and 800-1000 parts of water.

3. The fresh cut flower preservative for woody plants according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flower preservative comprises, by weight, 30 parts of anhydrous ethanol, 15 parts of sucrose, 2 parts of citric acid, 0.2 parts of EDTA-Na2, 0.02 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.02 parts of calcium nitrate, 0.01 parts of Tween 20, 0.02 parts of 6-benzylaminoadenine, and 1000 parts of water.

4. A method for preparing the fresh cut flower preservative for woody plants according to claim 1, characterized in that: Anhydrous ethanol, sucrose, citric acid, EDTA-Na2, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, calcium nitrate, Tween 20, 6-benzylaminoadenine and water were added in sequence and stirred to mix evenly, and then ascorbic acid was added to adjust the pH of the solution.

5. The method for preparing the fresh cut flower preservative for woody plants according to claim 4, characterized in that: The stirring speed is 50-70 rpm, and the stirring time is 30-60 minutes.

6. The method for preparing the fresh cut flower preservative for woody plants according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pH is 3-4.

7. Use of the fresh cut flower preservative for woody plants according to claim 1 in prolonging the flowering period of fresh cut flowers of woody plants.

8. The use according to claim 7, characterized in that: The application process is: soaking the roots of fresh cut flowers in the fresh cut flower preservative until the flowers wither.

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