Coal gasification crude phenol refining continuous reflux system and extraction production method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of rectification in the field of chemical industry, and discloses a coal gasification crude phenol refining continuous reflux extraction system, which comprises a distillation kettle used for gasifying crude phenol, and the gasified material of the distillation kettle is conveyed to the bottom of a rectification tower through a pipeline; the rectifying tower is used for separating the gasified crude phenol material from the distillation kettle, and light components rise to the tower top and enter a tower top condenser through a pipeline; the tower top condenser is used for condensing light components at the top of the rectifying tower into liquid, and the condensed liquid flows into the buffer tank through a pipeline; and the buffer tank is used for storing condensate flowing in from the tower top condenser and is connected with the reflux unit and the extraction unit. Through an automatic control reflux and extraction system, continuous flow and accurate adjustment of materials are realized, interruption and excessive adjustment in a traditional rectification process are avoided, the production efficiency is remarkably improved, the treatment speed of the system is improved, and the production downtime is shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of rectification technology in the chemical industry, and in particular to a coal gasification crude phenol refining continuous reflux system and an extraction production method. Background Art

[0002] In the field of chemical production, especially in coal chemical industry and petrochemical industry, distillation technology is widely used in the separation process of mixtures. For example, in the process of refining crude phenol from coal gasification, crude phenol needs to be separated by distillation equipment to extract important chemical products such as phenol and cresol. However, the existing crude phenol distillation process and equipment have many shortcomings in practical applications and cannot meet the efficiency, stability and product quality requirements of modern production.

[0003] The current crude phenol distillation production process mostly adopts an intermittent reflux and production method, that is, the switching of the reflux and production processes is controlled by time. The system cannot produce during reflux, and cannot maintain reflux during production. This time-based operation method will lead to low system operation efficiency, discontinuous production process, and easy fluctuation of product purity. Especially during the reflux period, heavy components may enter the produced material, thereby affecting the quality of the finished product. In addition, operators need to make adjustments based on experience, and manual intervention makes it impossible to accurately control the ratio of reflux and production, which increases the complexity and uncertainty of the operation.

[0004] Another common problem is that many existing crude phenol distillation units use traditional horizontal tube condensers. Due to the low cooling efficiency, it is common for materials to remain in the condenser, resulting in the inability to discharge the condensed liquid in time, affecting subsequent reflux and production operations. This structural design not only reduces product purity, but also increases energy consumption and requires frequent maintenance.

[0005] In addition, most of the existing distillation devices lack automated control, and the flow rate adjustment of reflux and extraction mostly relies on manual operation or simple mechanical control, which is difficult to accurately adjust according to real-time operating parameters, resulting in difficulty in achieving material balance during the separation process and large fluctuations in product quality. At the same time, due to the use of higher operating pressure and temperature, the system consumes more energy, increasing production costs, and the gas phase materials that are not completely condensed are discharged into the atmosphere, increasing the load on the environment.

[0006] To this end, those skilled in the art provide a coal gasification crude phenol refining continuous reflux system and a production method to solve the problems raised in the above background technology. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a continuous reflux system and a production method for crude phenol refining by coal gasification, which solve the problems of the prior art such as the limitations of intermittent reflux and production, condenser design problems, and insufficient automation control.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical scheme: a coal gasification crude phenol refining continuous reflux production system, comprising:

[0009] A distillation kettle is used to gasify crude phenol, and the gasified product of the distillation kettle is transported to the bottom of the distillation tower through a pipeline;

[0010] The distillation tower is used to separate the vaporized crude phenol material from the distillation kettle, and the light components rise to the top of the tower and enter the top condenser through the pipeline;

[0011] The top condenser is used to condense the light components at the top of the distillation tower into liquid, and the condensed liquid flows into the buffer tank through the pipeline;

[0012] A buffer tank is used to store the condensate flowing in from the top condenser and is connected to the reflux unit and the extraction unit;

[0013] A reflux unit, used to return part of the condensate in the buffer tank to the distillation column;

[0014] A withdrawal unit is used to withdraw finished materials from the buffer tank;

[0015] The automated control unit is used to control the flow of the reflux unit and the production unit, and to adjust the reflux and production processes according to the real-time operating parameters of the system.

[0016] Preferably, the reflux unit comprises a reflux pipeline and a reflux pump, the reflux pipeline is used to transport the condensate from the buffer tank back to the distillation tower, and the reflux pump is used to provide power required for reflux.

[0017] Preferably, the reflux unit comprises a reflux flowmeter for monitoring the flow rate of condensed liquid returned from the buffer tank to the distillation tower, and the reflux flowmeter is connected to the automation control unit.

[0018] Preferably, the extraction unit includes an extraction pipeline and an extraction flowmeter, and the extraction pipeline is used to transport the finished material in the buffer tank to the outside through the extraction system.

[0019] Preferably, the tower top condenser is a vertical tube condenser, and the condensed liquid flows into the buffer tank by gravity.

[0020] Preferably, the buffer tank is provided with a vacuum interface for connecting to a vacuum system to maintain a negative pressure state in the distillation tower.

[0021] Preferably, the automatic control unit is a DCS or PLC control system, and the control unit automatically adjusts the reflux and production flows by receiving signals from a reflux flow meter and a production flow meter.

[0022] Preferably, the distillation tower is provided with a distillation plate for separating light and heavy components, and the light component enters the top condenser through a gas phase pipeline for condensation.

[0023] The method for producing crude phenol rectification continuous reflux and finished product extraction is used for a coal gasification crude phenol refining continuous reflux extraction system, and comprises the following steps:

[0024] S1, heating and gasifying crude phenol through a distillation kettle, and transporting the gasified material to the bottom of a distillation tower through a pipeline;

[0025] S2. In the distillation tower, the vaporized crude phenol material is separated into light and heavy components, the light components rise to the top of the tower, and the heavy components remain at the bottom of the tower;

[0026] S3, the light component enters the tower top condenser through the tower top pipeline for condensation, and the condensed light component liquid flows into the buffer tank through the pipeline;

[0027] S4, extracting part of the condensed liquid from the buffer tank and returning it to the top of the distillation tower through the reflux pipeline, performing reflux operation to maintain the distillation balance, and adjusting the reflux amount through the automatic control unit;

[0028] S5, extracting the remaining condensed liquid from the buffer tank and producing it through the production pipeline;

[0029] S6. Monitor the flow of materials in the reflux and production processes through a reflux flow meter and a production flow meter, and transmit the flow data to an automatic control unit;

[0030] S7. The automatic control unit controls the opening of the pneumatic valve or electric valve according to the signals from the reflux and production flow meters, adjusts the reflux and production flows, and ensures the flow balance of the entire system.

[0031] The present invention provides a coal gasification crude phenol refining continuous reflux system and a production method.

[0032] Beneficial effects:

[0033] 1. The present invention realizes continuous flow and precise adjustment of materials through automatic control of reflux and extraction systems, avoids interruptions and over-adjustments in traditional distillation processes, and significantly improves production efficiency. Accurate reflux control helps maintain material balance in the distillation tower, improves the processing speed of the system, reduces production downtime, and realizes efficient continuous operation.

[0034] 2. The present invention ensures more accurate separation of light and heavy components in the distillation tower by automatically adjusting the reflux and extraction processes, thereby improving the purity of the finished product. The automated control system can monitor the flow in real time, ensure the stability of the separation process, effectively reduce the entry of heavy components into the product, and further improve the consistency and accuracy of product quality.

[0035] 3. The present invention adopts a DCS or PLC control system, which can dynamically adjust the reflux and production flow rates according to real-time data, realizing automated operation. Operators can remotely monitor and adjust through the human-machine interface, reducing manual intervention and errors, ensuring the stability of system operation, and improving the safety and reliability of operation.

[0036] 4. The present invention optimizes the reflux and extraction design, and cooperates with the vertical tube condenser and buffer tank to avoid material retention and entrainment, ensuring the stable operation of the equipment. The automation system reduces the possibility of equipment failure, reduces maintenance requirements, extends the service life of the equipment, and reduces unnecessary downtime, thereby reducing maintenance costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the continuous reflux system process of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of point A;

[0039] Figure 3 for Figure 1 An enlarged schematic diagram of point B;

[0040] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the steps of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] Please see attached Figure 1 -Attached Figure 3 The embodiment of the present invention provides a coal gasification crude phenol refining continuous reflux production system, comprising:

[0043] A distillation kettle is used to gasify crude phenol, and the gasified product of the distillation kettle is transported to the bottom of the distillation tower through a pipeline;

[0044] Specifically, crude phenol first enters the interior of the still through the feed system, and the still heats the crude phenol to a predetermined temperature through a heating system (such as an electric heater or a steam heating system) to gasify it. During the gasification process, the still should have good temperature control and pressure control capabilities to ensure that the crude phenol is fully gasified under appropriate conditions. The gasified crude phenol material enters the gas phase pipeline through the discharge port at the top of the still, and the pipeline is used to transport the gasified material to the bottom of the distillation tower. In this process, the pipeline needs to maintain a certain sealing and high temperature resistance to prevent leakage and temperature loss of the gasified material, thereby ensuring that the gasified material can smoothly enter the distillation tower for subsequent separation operations. In addition, the design of the still also needs to take into account the discharge of material residues, so a discharge valve or a slag discharge port can be set to facilitate regular cleaning and maintenance to ensure that the still can operate stably for a long time. Through reasonable design and optimization, the still can efficiently complete the gasification treatment of crude phenol, provide sufficient gasified materials for subsequent distillation separation, thereby improving the processing efficiency and product quality of the entire system.

[0045] The distillation tower is used to separate the vaporized crude phenol material from the distillation kettle. The light component rises to the top of the tower and enters the top condenser through the pipeline. The distillation tower is equipped with a distillation plate for separating light and heavy components. The light component enters the top condenser through the gas phase pipeline for condensation.

[0046] Specifically, the distillation tower is usually a vertical columnar structure with multiple distillation plates inside. The function of these distillation plates is to gradually separate the light and heavy components layer by layer during the rising process of the vaporized material. The vaporized crude phenol material from the distillation kettle is transported to the bottom of the distillation tower through a pipeline. After entering the tower, the material gradually moves upward along the height of the distillation tower. Due to the design of the distillation plates in the tower, these vaporized products will undergo an alternating process of partial condensation and vaporization on each layer of the plate, which can make it easier for light components (such as low-boiling point substances) to migrate upward, while heavy components (such as high-boiling point substances) will settle back to the bottom of the tower.

[0047] The design and number of distillation plates are determined according to the specific separation requirements. Each distillation plate is provided with openings or flow-guiding structures, so that the gas can contact the liquid flowing down from the upper layer when it rises, forming a gas-liquid contact surface, thereby enhancing the separation effect of light and heavy components. Through the alternating action of multiple layers of distillation plates, the light components continue to rise in the distillation tower, are gradually separated, and finally extracted at the top of the tower. The heavy components gradually sink to the bottom of the tower due to the large intermolecular forces and high boiling points. The heavy components collected at the bottom of the distillation tower are usually discharged through the discharge port or subjected to other treatments.

[0048] When the light components rise to the top of the distillation tower, these gases enter the top condenser through the connected gas phase pipeline, where they are cooled and converted into liquid state. The gas phase pipeline needs to be designed to withstand a certain temperature and pressure, while ensuring the smoothness of gas flow to avoid condensation or other adverse reactions of gas phase materials in the pipeline. In the top condenser, the light component gas is condensed into liquid by the action of the cooling medium, and then flows into the buffer tank, waiting for subsequent reflux or extraction operations.

[0049] The core of the design of the distillation tower is to achieve effective separation of light and heavy components through sufficient gas-liquid contact and precise thermodynamic regulation. By setting the appropriate number of distillation plates, pressure in the tower, temperature gradient, and condensation efficiency of the top condenser, the present invention can effectively improve the separation accuracy, ensure that light components and heavy components are fully separated, and thus improve the quality and purity of the finished product. This structural design can not only improve production efficiency, but also achieve precise process parameter adjustment through an automated control system to ensure the stability and controllability of the entire distillation process.

[0050] The top condenser is used to condense the light components at the top of the distillation tower into liquid, and the condensed liquid flows into the buffer tank through the pipeline; the top condenser is a vertical tube condenser, and the condensed liquid flows into the buffer tank by gravity.

[0051] Specifically, the light components separated in the distillation tower are guided to the top condenser through the gas phase pipeline. The top condenser adopts the design of vertical tube condenser, which has not only high condensation efficiency but also good heat exchange performance.

[0052] The core structure of the vertical tube-in-tube condenser is a group of parallel tube bundles. The light component gas enters the tubes from the top of the condenser, and the cooling medium (such as cooling water or refrigerant) flows outside the tubes. In the condenser, the light component gas gradually cools down in the tubes through the cooling medium, and the heat is transferred to the cooling medium through the tube wall, causing the gas to undergo a phase change in the tubes and turn into liquid. The vertical design of the tube-in-tube condenser allows the condensed liquid to flow directly to the bottom of the condenser by gravity, thereby avoiding liquid retention in the condenser. This not only improves the condensation efficiency, but also prevents the gas-liquid mixture from being retained in the tube, reducing the impact on product purity.

[0053] The condensed liquid flows into the buffer tank along the connecting pipe through the drain port at the bottom of the condenser. Since the liquid flow is completed by gravity, the system does not require additional power devices in this process, which simplifies the equipment structure and reduces energy consumption and maintenance requirements. This gravity-based liquid discharge method ensures the continuity and smoothness of the condensation process, which helps to improve production efficiency and system stability.

[0054] The vertical tube condenser has good heat dissipation performance and can achieve efficient condensation operation in a relatively small space. At the same time, the number of tubes, tube diameter and flow rate of the cooling medium of the condenser can be designed and adjusted according to process requirements to adapt to different production scales and operation requirements. This design can not only achieve efficient light component condensation, but also flexibly adjust the condensation efficiency under different load conditions, thereby ensuring the stability and controllability of the condensation process.

[0055] The buffer tank is used to store the condensate flowing in from the top condenser and is connected to the reflux unit and the extraction unit. The buffer tank is provided with a vacuum interface for connecting to the vacuum system to maintain the negative pressure state in the distillation tower.

[0056] Specifically, the buffer tank is located below the top condenser of the tower, connected to the condenser through a pipeline, and receives the condensed light component liquid. After the condensate enters the buffer tank, it will be divided into two parts according to the process requirements: one part of the liquid returns to the top of the distillation tower through the reflux unit to maintain the material balance and separation efficiency in the distillation tower; the other part of the liquid is guided to the finished product extraction system through the extraction unit for further processing or storage. Therefore, the buffer tank not only plays the role of liquid collection, but also provides a key transfer node for the reflux and extraction process.

[0057] The capacity of the buffer tank needs to be reasonably designed according to the condensate flow rate and production scale of the entire system to ensure that it can effectively store and balance the reflux and production needs. A buffer tank that is too small may cause liquid overflow or system instability, while a buffer tank that is too large may cause material retention and energy waste, so specific process parameters must be taken into account in the design.

[0058] In addition, a vacuum interface is provided on the buffer tank, which is used to connect to the vacuum system of the distillation tower to maintain the negative pressure state of the entire distillation system. Negative pressure operation plays an important role in improving the distillation separation efficiency, reducing the distillation temperature and preventing material degradation. Through the vacuum interface, the buffer tank is consistent with the vacuum system inside the distillation tower, ensuring that the appropriate pressure gradient can be maintained during the distillation process, thereby promoting the separation of gaseous materials and the condensation of liquid materials. Under negative pressure conditions, the light components and heavy components in the distillation tower can be separated more efficiently, and the light components are more likely to rise and enter the top condenser for condensation, which helps to improve the separation purity of the product and the production efficiency of the system.

[0059] In terms of design, the buffer tank also needs to be equipped with a liquid level monitoring device to ensure the balance of liquid during the reflux and production process. The liquid level signal can be monitored and adjusted by the automatic control system to adjust the reflux and production flow in real time to prevent the liquid level in the buffer tank from being too high or too low, affecting the continuous operation of the system.

[0060] The reflux unit is used to return part of the condensate in the buffer tank to the distillation tower. The reflux unit includes a reflux pipeline and a reflux pump. The reflux pipeline is used to transport the condensate from the buffer tank back to the distillation tower, and the reflux pump is used to provide the power required for reflux. The reflux unit includes a reflux flowmeter for monitoring the flow of the condensate returned from the buffer tank to the distillation tower. The reflux flowmeter is connected to the automation control unit.

[0061] Specifically, the reflux unit first includes a reflux pipeline, which connects the buffer tank and the distillation tower, and is mainly used to transport the condensed liquid collected from the buffer tank back to the top of the distillation tower. The material of the reflux pipeline needs to have good corrosion resistance and pressure resistance to ensure long-term stable operation under continuous high temperature and chemical corrosion conditions. In addition, the inner diameter and length of the reflux pipeline should be reasonably designed according to the production scale and flow requirements of the system to minimize the fluid resistance during the reflux process and ensure the stability and efficiency of liquid transportation.

[0062] In order to provide enough power to transport the condensed liquid back to the distillation tower, the reflux unit is equipped with a reflux pump. The selection of the reflux pump needs to take into account factors such as the flow demand in the system, the pump head, and the viscosity and temperature of the liquid. Corrosion-resistant and high-temperature-resistant chemical pumps are usually used to ensure the long-term stable operation of the pump. After the reflux pump is started, it can transport the condensed liquid in the buffer tank to the top of the distillation tower at a stable flow rate, ensuring that the material circulation in the distillation tower can continue and improving the distillation efficiency of the system.

[0063] In order to accurately control the reflux volume, a reflux flowmeter is also installed in the reflux unit. The flowmeter is used to monitor the flow of condensed liquid in the reflux pipeline in real time and feed the monitoring data back to the automatic control unit. The accuracy of the flowmeter is crucial to ensure the stability of the system. The selected flowmeter should have high precision and high durability, and be able to adapt to the working environment of temperature and pressure fluctuations during the reflux process. Through the real-time data of the reflux flowmeter, the system can understand the amount of refluxed liquid at any time and adjust it according to the operating requirements in the distillation tower.

[0064] The reflux flow meter is connected to the automatic control unit, which can automatically adjust the reflux volume according to the set parameters of the system by receiving the signal sent back by the flow meter. For example, the automatic control unit can ensure that the reflux volume is always within the optimal range by adjusting the operating frequency of the reflux pump or by adjusting the control valve on the reflux pipeline according to the temperature, pressure and material separation in the distillation tower. This kind of automatic control not only reduces the error of manual operation, but also improves the efficiency of the distillation process and the stability of product quality.

[0065] The function of the reflux unit is not only to return the liquid to the distillation tower, but more importantly, it maintains the gas-liquid balance in the distillation tower through precise reflux control. During the distillation process, the change in the reflux volume directly affects the separation effect of light and heavy components and the purity of the product. Therefore, the design and regulation of the reflux unit plays a vital role in the entire distillation system. The design of the reflux unit ensures the efficient and stable operation of the entire system. At the same time, the combination with the automatic control unit enables the reflux process to be dynamically adjusted according to real-time process requirements, ensuring that the system can maintain optimal operating conditions under different operating loads.

[0066] The extraction unit is used to extract finished materials from the buffer tank; the extraction unit includes an extraction pipeline and an extraction flowmeter. The extraction pipeline is used to transport the finished materials in the buffer tank to the outside through the extraction system. The extraction flowmeter is used to monitor the flow of finished products during the extraction process and is connected to the automatic control unit to adjust the extraction flow.

[0067] Specifically, the main structure of the extraction unit includes an extraction pipeline and an extraction flowmeter. First, the extraction pipeline is connected to the buffer tank and is responsible for transporting the finished material from the buffer tank to the outside. The material of the extraction pipeline is usually corrosion-resistant material to adapt to the characteristics of chemical materials and prevent the material from corroding the pipeline. The size design of the pipeline needs to take into account the flow requirements of the system to ensure that the material can be stably and evenly transported to the designated location through the pipeline. The interior of the pipeline needs to maintain a certain degree of smoothness to reduce fluid resistance and prevent materials from being trapped in the pipeline, affecting the material transportation efficiency and the quality of the finished product. The connection method of the pipeline should ensure good sealing performance to avoid leakage during the extraction process, affecting the safety and economy of the entire production system.

[0068] During the extraction process, the extraction flowmeter is used to monitor the flow of finished materials in real time to ensure that the extracted amount meets the set process parameter requirements. The extraction flowmeter needs to have high precision and good stability to adapt to the real-time monitoring of the extraction flow. The flowmeter can accurately measure the extraction amount of finished materials in the buffer tank and transmit the data to the automatic control unit through the sensor. The design of the flowmeter should adapt to the characteristics of the extracted materials, be able to cope with different flow rates, temperatures, and pressure changes, and will not affect the accuracy of the measurement due to long-term operation.

[0069] The extraction unit is connected to the automatic control unit, which dynamically adjusts the extraction flow in the system by receiving real-time data from the extraction flowmeter. This adjustment process is usually achieved by controlling the electric valve or pneumatic valve on the extraction pipeline. The automatic control unit can adjust the valve opening according to actual production needs to control the extraction material flow. Through this precise flow regulation, the system can maintain the balance of materials, avoid excessive extraction leading to low liquid level in the buffer tank or insufficient reflux, and ensure the continuous operation of the system and the stable output of finished products.

[0070] In actual operation, the design of the extraction unit also needs to consider the connection with external equipment. For example, the finished material may need to be transported to a storage tank, a pipeline system or other subsequent processes, so the interface design of the extraction unit should be flexible and adjustable to meet the needs of different production lines. During the transportation process, in order to ensure that the purity and quality of the material are not affected, the pressure, temperature and flow rate inside the extraction pipeline must be kept within a reasonable range. The automated control system can automatically adjust these factors according to the process parameters, thereby improving the operating efficiency of the entire system.

[0071] Through the precise design of the extraction unit, the finished material can be extracted from the buffer tank at a stable flow rate and enter the subsequent processing or storage process. Combined with the dynamic adjustment of the automatic control unit, the extraction process can accurately match the needs of the production process, ensuring the control of the material flow and the balance of other parts of the system. At the same time, the extraction unit also has good operational flexibility and can be adjusted according to different production needs to ensure that the system can operate stably under various load conditions.

[0072] The automatic control unit is used to control the flow of the reflux unit and the production unit, and adjust the reflux and production process according to the real-time operating parameters of the system. The automatic control unit is a DCS or PLC control system. The control unit automatically adjusts the reflux and production flow rates by receiving signals from the reflux flow meter and the production flow meter.

[0073] Specifically, the automated control unit monitors the flow of condensed liquid during the reflux and production processes in real time by receiving real-time signals from the reflux flowmeter and the production flowmeter. The reflux flowmeter is used to monitor the flow of condensed liquid returning from the buffer tank to the distillation tower, while the production flowmeter is used to monitor the flow of finished liquid produced from the buffer tank to the external system. These flowmeters transmit the monitored flow data to the control unit in the form of signals, and the automated control unit analyzes and judges based on these real-time feedback data.

[0074] According to the operation requirements of the system, the automatic control unit will adjust the reflux and production flow by controlling the opening of the pneumatic valve or the electric valve. When the reflux flow or production flow fluctuates, the automatic control unit can respond immediately and adjust the flow by changing the opening size of the valve to ensure the material balance in the system. For the distillation process, the control of the reflux and production volume is very important, which directly affects the separation efficiency in the distillation tower and the quality of the finished product. Through the dynamic adjustment of the automatic control unit, the ratio of reflux and production can be maintained at the optimal state, thereby improving the separation effect of distillation.

[0075] At the same time, the automation control unit can also perform comprehensive regulation based on other real-time operating parameters. These operating parameters may include key variables such as pressure, temperature, and liquid level of the distillation tower. By monitoring these parameters and combining the reflux and production flow information, the automation control unit can make intelligent adjustments. For example, when the system detects that the pressure in the distillation tower is too high or the temperature is abnormal, the automation control unit can adjust the operating conditions in the tower by reducing the reflux flow or increasing the production flow to avoid abnormal situations and ensure the safety and operational stability of the system.

[0076] The highly automated design of the DCS or PLC control system also provides remote monitoring and management functions. Operators can monitor the system operation in real time through the human-machine interface (HMI), view the changing trends of various parameters, and manually intervene or set different automated control strategies according to production needs. This automated system greatly reduces the reliance on manual operation, while improving production efficiency and product consistency, and is particularly suitable for distillation operations in large-scale, continuous production environments.

[0077] In addition, the automated control unit also has fault detection and alarm functions during the operation of the entire system. Once a component or operating parameter in the system is abnormal, such as excessive flow, too high liquid level, too low temperature, etc., the control unit will immediately send out an alarm signal to remind the operator to perform maintenance or adjustments. This automated fault diagnosis function can effectively improve the safety of the system and the controllability of the production process, avoiding production stagnation or product quality degradation caused by operational errors or equipment failures.

[0078] Embodiment 2:

[0079] Please see attached Figure 4 The embodiment of the present invention provides a crude phenol distillation continuous reflux and finished product production method, comprising the following steps:

[0080] S1: Gasification of crude phenol

[0081] In this step, the crude phenol raw material is heated by a still to make it gasify at a controlled temperature. The heating source in the still can be provided by an electric heater or steam heating to ensure that the crude phenol completes the gasification reaction within a specified temperature range. The operating conditions of the still, such as temperature and pressure, need to be set according to the specific crude phenol composition and separation requirements. The vaporized material is directly transported to the bottom of the distillation tower through the exhaust pipe of the still to provide basic materials for the subsequent distillation separation.

[0082] S2: Separation of light and heavy components in the distillation tower

[0083] In the distillation tower, the vaporized crude phenol material gradually moves upward along the distillation plates in the tower. The multiple distillation plates in the tower provide surfaces for gas and liquid to contact each other, allowing light and heavy components to be separated under different temperature conditions. Since the light components have a lower boiling point, they will rise rapidly and move toward the top of the tower, while the heavy components will gradually sink to the bottom of the tower due to their higher boiling points, forming residual liquid. The temperature gradient and pressure conditions inside the distillation tower need to be kept stable to ensure the separation efficiency of light and heavy components.

[0084] S3: Condensation of light components

[0085] When the light components rise to the top of the distillation tower, these gases enter the top condenser through the connected gas phase pipeline. The top condenser adopts a vertical tube condenser design, which cools the light component gas and converts it into liquid through the action of cooling medium (such as cooling water or refrigerant). The condensed light component liquid flows into the buffer tank along the bottom pipeline of the condenser. The condensation efficiency of this step directly affects the separation effect and purity of the product, and the temperature control in the condenser is crucial.

[0086] S4: Reflux Operation

[0087] In this step, part of the condensed liquid is extracted from the buffer tank and returned to the top of the distillation tower through the reflux pipeline. The reflux liquid further promotes the separation of light and heavy components in the distillation tower and enhances the material balance in the distillation tower. To ensure the accuracy of the reflux operation, the reflux amount is adjusted in real time by the automatic control unit, and the reflux pump is used to provide power for the reflux liquid. Through the reflux operation, the system can maintain a stable separation efficiency, and the amount of reflux directly determines the purity of the light component.

[0088] S5: Extraction of finished materials

[0089] In addition to the reflux operation, the remaining condensed liquid is extracted from the buffer tank through the extraction pipeline and transported to the finished product storage or subsequent process. The flow rate of the extracted material needs to be kept stable to ensure the quality of the extracted finished product and the balance of the system. The extraction process relies on the regulation of the automated control unit to transport the finished product to the storage or further processing equipment through the pipeline system.

[0090] S6: Flow monitoring of return and production

[0091] During the reflux and production process, the reflux flowmeter and the production flowmeter monitor the liquid flow in their respective pipelines in real time and transmit the data to the automatic control unit. The data feedback from the flowmeter can help the system accurately grasp the flow of materials and ensure the material balance of the entire distillation system. By monitoring the flow, the system can achieve precise control of each operation link.

[0092] S7: Adjustment of automation control units

[0093] The automatic control unit adjusts the reflux and production flow rates by controlling the opening of the pneumatic valve or electric valve according to the real-time data sent back from the reflux flowmeter and the production flowmeter. The control process is automated to ensure the flow stability and balance of the entire distillation system and avoid insufficient reflux or excessive production. The automatic control system can not only improve production efficiency, but also ensure the stability of product quality.

[0094] Summarize:

[0095] The method forms a complete continuous production process through a series of steps, from gasification of crude phenol, distillation separation, light component condensation, reflux regulation to extraction of finished products. Each step is precisely regulated and monitored by an automated control system, ensuring smooth operation and efficient separation during the process.

[0096] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A continuous reflux extraction system for crude phenol refining from coal gasification, characterized in that: include: A distillation kettle is used to gasify crude phenol, and the gasified product of the distillation kettle is transported to the bottom of the distillation tower through a pipeline; The distillation tower is used to separate the vaporized crude phenol material from the distillation kettle, and the light components rise to the top of the tower and enter the top condenser through the pipeline; The top condenser is used to condense the light components at the top of the distillation tower into liquid, and the condensed liquid flows into the buffer tank through the pipeline; A buffer tank is used to store the condensate flowing in from the top condenser and is connected to the reflux unit and the extraction unit; A reflux unit, used to return part of the condensate in the buffer tank to the distillation column; A withdrawal unit is used to withdraw finished materials from the buffer tank; The automated control unit is used to control the flow of the reflux unit and the production unit, and to adjust the reflux and production processes according to the real-time operating parameters of the system.

2. The coal gasification crude phenol refining continuous reflux extraction system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reflux unit comprises a reflux pipeline and a reflux pump. The reflux pipeline is used to transport the condensate from the buffer tank back to the distillation tower, and the reflux pump is used to provide the power required for reflux.

3. The coal gasification crude phenol refining continuous reflux extraction system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The reflux unit includes a reflux flow meter for monitoring the flow of condensed liquid returned from the buffer tank to the distillation tower, and the reflux flow meter is connected to the automatic control unit.

4. The coal gasification crude phenol refining continuous reflux extraction system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extraction unit includes an extraction pipeline and an extraction flowmeter. The extraction pipeline is used to transport the finished material in the buffer tank to the outside through the extraction system.

5. The coal gasification crude phenol refining continuous reflux production system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The production flow meter is used to monitor the flow of finished products during the production process and is connected to the automatic control unit to achieve regulation of the production flow.

6. The coal gasification crude phenol refining continuous reflux production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tower top condenser is a vertical tube condenser, and the condensed liquid flows into the buffer tank by gravity.

7. The coal gasification crude phenol refining continuous reflux production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer tank is provided with a vacuum interface for connecting to a vacuum system to maintain a negative pressure state in the distillation tower.

8. The coal gasification crude phenol refining continuous reflux production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The automatic control unit is a DCS or PLC control system, and the control unit automatically adjusts the reflux and production flows by receiving signals from the reflux flow meter and the production flow meter.

9. The coal gasification crude phenol refining continuous reflux production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distillation tower is provided with a distillation plate for separating light and heavy components, and the light component enters the tower top condenser through a gas phase pipeline for condensation.

10. A method for producing crude phenol by continuous reflux distillation and finished product extraction, used in the coal gasification crude phenol refining continuous reflux extraction system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, heating and gasifying crude phenol through a distillation kettle, and transporting the gasified material to the bottom of a distillation tower through a pipeline; S2. In the distillation tower, the vaporized crude phenol material is separated into light and heavy components, the light components rise to the top of the tower, and the heavy components remain at the bottom of the tower; S3, the light component enters the tower top condenser through the tower top pipeline for condensation, and the condensed light component liquid flows into the buffer tank through the pipeline; S4, extracting part of the condensed liquid from the buffer tank and returning it to the top of the distillation tower through the reflux pipeline, performing reflux operation to maintain the distillation balance, and adjusting the reflux amount through the automatic control unit; S5, extracting the remaining condensed liquid from the buffer tank and producing it through the production pipeline; S6. Monitor the flow of materials in the reflux and production processes through a reflux flow meter and a production flow meter, and transmit the flow data to an automatic control unit; S7. The automatic control unit controls the opening of the pneumatic valve or electric valve according to the signals from the reflux and production flow meters, adjusts the reflux and production flows, and ensures the flow balance of the entire system.

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