110results about "Reflux condensation" patented technology

Vapor flow-diverting devices that re-direct upwardly flowing vapor, for example, in a downward direction across condenser tubes disposed in the upper or top section of a vapor-liquid contacting apparatus, are described. These devices are particularly beneficial in tubular condensers within distillation columns and may be used in combination with other associated equipment (e.g., a deflector plate and divider plate) as well as in combination with the tube surface enhancements to improve the heat transfer coefficient.

Vapor flow-diverting devices that re-direct upwardly flowing vapor, for example, in a downward direction across condenser tubes disposed in the upper or top section of a vapor-liquid contacting apparatus, are described. These devices are particularly beneficial in tubular condensers within distillation columns and may be used in combination with other associated equipment (e.g., a deflector plate and divider plate) as well as in combination with the tube surface enhancements to improve the heat transfer coefficient.

To provide an apparatus for gasifying and separating a liquid medium, which is of an automatic type and which can be increased in size.An apparatus for gasifying and separating a liquid medium and a mixture, comprising a gasifying means, in which one liquid selected from a liquid medium and a mixture of the liquid medium and a nonvolatile substance is stored to form a liquid surface of the liquid, for gasifying the liquid medium to form a gasified medium, and a separating means for cooling gas and the gasified medium discharged from the gasifying means to condense the gasified medium, separating the condensed medium from the gas, the apparatus comprising: pressure detecting means for detecting a pressure of the gas; a differential pressure detecting means for detecting a differential pressure between a pressure in the gasifying means at a predetermined position and the pressure of the gas; and a calculating means for calculating the liquid surface position of the liquid from the predetermined position as abase position based on the pressure of the gas and the differential pressure to determine a calculated liquid surface position, wherein the surface position of the liquid varies due to gasification of the liquid, wherein the calculated liquid surface position is a liquid surface position corresponding to the surface position obtained when the liquid is still.

Improvements in tubes, which increase the heat exchange capacity of tubular heat exchangers using the tubes, are described. These improvements involve the use of one or more external surface enhancements, optionally combined with an internal enhancement and / or differing tube geometries. These improvements apply, for example, to internal condensers, including those in which the tube bundles are oriented vertically, in vapor-liquid contacting apparatuses such as distillation columns.

This invention relates to a simple, convenient, portable mini-distillation apparatus for the production of essential oils and hydrosols, said apparatus is useful to distill essential oils and hydrosols such as rose water, ajowain water from fresh and dried plant material like leaves, flowers, roots and rhizomes by water distillation, water and steam distillations and as an optional, steam distillation can also be perform at atmospheric pressure as well as slightly higher and lower than atmospheric pressure, said apparatus can be heated on brick-clay furnace with small agro-waste, LPG cooking gas, electrically heated stove or kerosene / diesel burner etc. and requires minimum attention during handling; since the apparatus is made of stainless steel and glass, the essential oil distilled is of better quality.

A reactor-installed or column-installed vertical plate heat exchanger having channels for flow of cooling fluid and vertical passageways between the cooling fluid channels for flow of product. A divider is located between a first fraction and a second fraction of the product vertical passageways and a vapor product inlet communicates with the tops of the product vertical passageways in the first fraction. A product collection volume communicates with the bottoms of the product vertical passageways and an outlet communicates with the product collection volume for recovering condensed product. An uncondensed vapor outlet communicates with the tops of the vertical passageways in the second fraction for removing uncondensed vapor from the heat exchanger.

Provided is a fully automatic vaporizing separator for liquid media which is capable of coping with size increase. The vaporizing separator, which is for separating a liquid medium and a liquid mixture, comprises: a vaporizing means in which either of a liquid medium and a liquid mixture comprising the liquid medium and a nonvolatile substance is stored to thereby form a liquid surface and which vaporizes the liquid medium to give a vaporized medium; a separation means which cools a gas discharged from the vaporizing means and the vaporized medium to condense the vaporized medium and thereby convert it into a condensed medium and which thus separates the condensed medium from the gas. The vaporizing separator for a liquid medium and the liquid mixture includes: a pressure-measuring means which measures the pressure of the gas; a pressure-difference determination means which determines the difference between the pressure in a given position in the vaporizing means and the pressure of the gas; and a calculation means which calculates the position of the surface of the liquid relative to that given position from the pressure of the gas and the pressure difference.

A microwave distillation apparatus is provided. The apparatus includes a microwave heating chamber having a plurality of walls. A vessel is located within the chamber for containing a liquid to be distilled. The vessel has a mouth for receiving the liquid. A connecting tube extends though an opening formed in one of the plurality of chamber walls. The connecting tube has a first end thereof for sealably engaging the mouth of the vessel, and a second end thereof extending outwardly from the chamber. A biasing assembly is located outside of the chamber, and engages the connecting tube with a biasing force to maintain the seal between the connecting tube and the mouth of the vessel. A distillate capture assembly is connected to the connecting tube for receiving vapors emitted from the liquid when heated, and for condensing the vapors into a liquid distillate for capture and storage.

Methods, apparatus, and processes are provided for a condenser including flowing a vapor stream including formaldehyde into a tube bundle in a vertical upflow reflux condenser, where a tube in the tube bundle has a length to outside diameter ratio of greater than about 170:1, flowing a cooling fluid on a shell-side of the vertical upflow reflux condenser to condense at least a portion of the vapor stream, where the condensed portion of the vapor stream forms a wetted tube internal surface area on each tube in the generally upright tube bundle; and maintaining the vapor stream velocity at a rate that provides a liquid residence time where formaldehyde condensed on the wetted internal surface area of each tube can react with water to form methylene glycol, removing at least sixty percent (60%) of formaldehyde from the vapor stream fed to the condenser.

The invention discloses an alkylation product separation method. According to the method, a liquid-phase alkylation product is pressurized by an optional booster pump; the pressurized liquid-phase alkylation product is introduced into a first heat exchanger, and is subjected to heat exchange with a gas-phase material from a high-pressure fractionating tower; the heat exchanged material is furtherheated to 100-180 DEG C in a second heat exchanger; the heated material enters the high-pressure fractionating tower, and is fractionated under a condition of 2.0-6.0 MPa; the gas-phase material at the top of the high-pressure fractionating tower is subjected to heat exchange with the liquid-phase alkylation product; the liquid-phase material at the bottom of the high-pressure fractionating towerenters a low-pressure fractionating tower and is fractionated under a condition of 0.2-1.0 MPa; low-carbon alkane is obtained at the top of the low-pressure fractionating tower, and an alkylation oilproduct is obtained at the bottom of the low-pressure fractionating tower; and the low-pressure fractionating tower is provided with an intermediate reboiler, and the gas-phase material at the top ofthe high-pressure fractionating tower after heat exchange of the first heat exchanger is used as a heat source of the intermediate reboiler. The method provided by the invention can improve the heat utilization efficiency and reduce the separation operation energy consumption in the alkylation process.

In the production of hydrofluoric acid by holding fluorine by adsorption from a drainage water or waste water containing fluorine with an inorganic ceramic adsorbent mainly composed of active alumina and silicon dioxide and producing hydrofluoric acid from the adsorbent provided after the adsorption, the object is to increase the efficiency of production of hydrofluoric acid and prevent the degradation of the adsorbent. A hydrofluoric acid production apparatus for producing hydrofluoric acid by holding a fluorine ion by adsorption from a fluorine compound or fluorine mixture which contains a fluorine ion with a ceramic adsorbent mainly composed of active alumina and silicon dioxide and producing hydrofluoric acid from the adsorbent provided after the adsorption, the apparatus comprising a distillation means for reacting the adsorbent with a strong alkali or strong acid and generating hexafluorosilicic acid gas by addition of crystalline silicon dioxide, and a cooling means for cooling and hydrolyzing the hexafluorosilicic acid gas produced in the distillation means to produce hydrofluoric acid.

The invention relates to the production of High purity n-hexane from low value stream such as raffinate from benzene extraction unit in crude oil refineries employing extractive distillation. The present invention further related to an extractive distillation employing an organic solvent having comparable or same Hansen dispersive force parameter (δd) of that of the key component of to be separated through extractive distillation. The present invention is useful for separating and isolating pure cyclohexane, pure methylcyclopentane and pure iso-heptane along with the pure n-hexane.

Improvements in biological conversion processes and associated apparatuses are disclosed for the generation of useful end products such as ethanol, through metabolic pathways of C1-fixing bacteria that utilize, as a nutrient, a C1-carbon source from a C1-containing substrate such as an industrial waste gas. Particular aspects of the disclosure relate to the downstream recovery of ethanol and / or isopropanol from bleed and permeate streams and more particularly to performing such recovery with improved efficiency that can advantageously reduce capital (e.g., equipment) and / or operating (e.g., utility) costs. Particular aspects related to the downstream recovery of ethanol and / or isopropanol using a low pressure separator having an internal divider.

A method of recovering a liquid medium from a mixture containing the liquid medium, the method including: (a) blowing a first gas into the mixture containing the liquid medium to vaporize the liquid medium, in a first vaporizing means, thereby to form a second gas containing which is a mixture of the first gas and vaporized liquid medium; (b) continuously dropwise feeding the mixture containing the liquid medium into a second vaporizing means and counter-flowingly contacting the mixture containing the liquid medium, with the second gas to vaporize additional liquid medium to form a third gas which is a mixture of the second gas and additional vaporized liquid medium; and (c) feeding the third gas into a condensing means to condense the vaporized liquid medium into a liquid and separate the first gas, which is then blown into the first vaporizing means in step (a).