The invention discloses a preparation method of a polyvinylidene fluoride separation membrane. Polyvinylidene fluoride is taken as a membrane raw material; and the preparation method comprises following steps: 1) by weight, 1 to 2 parts of hexyldecanol, 0.8 part of hydrogen peroxide, and 1.1 parts of an inorganic base solution are delivered into a reaction vessel for uniform mixing, 1.6 parts of poly(ethylene glycol) monooleate, 14.5 parts of dichlorodifluoromethane solvent, and 1.8 parts of phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride solution are subjected to 25min of reaction at -6 DEG C with stirring; 2) 1.3 parts of sodium oleoyl amino fatty acid, 2.2 parts of a hexyldecanol solution, 59 parts of vinylidene fluoride monomer, and 1.8 parts of methylcyclopentane are delivered into the reaction vessel, an obtained mixture is subjected to reaction at 18 DEG C with stirring, and reaction is stopped when pressure is reduced to be lower than 0.23MPa; and 3) an obtained product is filtered, washed, and dried so as to obtain polyvinylidene fluoride powder. The polyvinylidene fluoride separation membrane possesses corrosion resistance, heat resistance, cold resistance, oxidation resistance, and weather resistance.