Sorting device for recovering precious metal from waste circuit board

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of waste circuit board recovery, in particular to a sorting device for recovering precious metals from waste circuit boards, comprising: a calcining furnace comprising a furnace body, a feed port, a discharge port and a sieve plate; the crushing mechanism comprises a shell and two crushing claws, and the two crushing claws are symmetrically arranged and clamped with each other; the screening mechanism comprises a telescopic shaft, a separation disc and a sorting tower; the circuit boards are crushed through heating and shearing, preliminary screening is carried out, and the more the circuit boards are, the larger the shearing and crushing force is; the crushing claws are driven by the telescopic shaft to crush the burning circuit board, sufficient burning is promoted, meanwhile, the poking wheel is driven to screen fragments of different sizes, and follow-up different process treatment is facilitated; receiving treatment is carried out through the three cavities of the sorting tower, sorting and multi-stage crushing of fragments of different sizes and states are achieved, the crushed blocks are sorted and refined, different precious metal chemical extraction procedures are carried out subsequently, and the overall working efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of waste circuit board recycling, in particular to a sorting device for recycling precious metals from waste circuit boards. Background Art

[0002] A large number of precious metals, such as gold, silver, platinum, etc., are used in electronic products. These precious metals play a key role in circuit boards and are used to improve the performance and stability of electronic components. However, due to the scarcity and high value of precious metals, as well as the large amount of electronic waste, it is essential to recycle precious metals. Precious metal recycling first requires the collection of discarded electronic products, and then sorting them to separate the components containing precious metals, such as circuit boards, connectors, etc. After sorting, the electronic waste needs to be physically processed, such as crushing and grinding, to break components such as circuit boards into small particles for subsequent processing. At the same time, the electronic waste needs to be calcined to remove the organic matter in the middle, which is convenient for subsequent processing, followed by chemical treatment, and the precious metals are extracted from the electronic waste using chemical methods.

[0003] The existing Chinese patent with authorization announcement number CN218743904U discloses a sorting device for recycling precious metals from waste circuit boards, including a device body, a crushing box and a sorting box are fixedly installed in sequence from top to bottom inside the device body, a feeding port is opened at the top of the crushing box, and a discharge port extending to the inside of the sorting box is opened at the bottom, a crushing mechanism is arranged inside the crushing box, a supporting frame is arranged inside the sorting box, the bottom of the supporting frame is composed of an electric heating net, and both ends of the supporting frame are respectively fixedly installed at the output end of the vibration motor, a stirring mechanism is arranged above the electric heating net, and a collecting tank is fixedly installed below the electric heating net. An exhaust gas collecting box is fixedly installed on one side of the device body, and the integrated structure integrating crushing, melting and sorting makes the recycling process simpler, and has a high degree of automation, high sorting efficiency, and is more environmentally friendly;

[0004] However, when dealing with resin circuit boards, molten resin is easily entangled on the metal. At the same time, a large part of the circuit boards are covered with metals such as copper, which are prone to incomplete melting, resulting in a high content of impurities in the sorted out. At the same time, the crushing and heating and melting steps are separated, which increases the crushing resistance and energy consumption. After the splitting, it is also impossible to classify and process particles of different sizes. The degree of refinement is low, resulting in a large number of impurities and complicated steps in the subsequent chemical treatment process. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above problems in the prior art, the present invention is proposed.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a sorting device for recycling precious metals from waste circuit boards, comprising: a calcining furnace, including a furnace body, a feeding port arranged on the upper end face of the furnace body, a discharging port arranged on the lower side of the outer wall of the furnace body and a screen plate arranged on the inner wall of the furnace body; a crushing mechanism, including a shell arranged on the inner wall of the furnace body and a crushing claw arranged on the upper end face of the shell, wherein two crushing claws are symmetrically arranged and engage with each other; a screening mechanism, including a telescopic shaft slidably arranged inside the furnace body, a separation plate slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the telescopic shaft and a sorting tower fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the telescopic shaft.

[0007] As a preferred solution of the sorting device for recycling precious metals from waste circuit boards of the present invention, the outer wall of the furnace body is also provided with ventilation holes and observation ports, the sieve plate is penetrated by sieve grooves, and the sieve plate is slidably arranged on the inner wall of the shell.

[0008] As a preferred solution of the sorting device for recycling precious metals from waste circuit boards of the present invention, a sliding bar is provided at the lower end of the crushing claw, and the sliding bar is slidably arranged on the upper end surface of the shell. Two sliding bars are also symmetrically arranged, and a connecting rod is provided between the two symmetrically arranged sliding bars.

[0009] As a preferred solution of the sorting device for recycling precious metals from waste circuit boards described in the present invention, a crushing groove is provided on the right-angled side of the crushing claw, a slide groove is provided through the sliding bar, a limit rod is provided for sliding inside the slide groove, and a scraping piece is also provided on the lower end surface of the crushing claw.

[0010] As a preferred solution of the sorting device for recycling precious metals from waste circuit boards of the present invention, the lower end surface of the screen plate is connected to the telescopic shaft, the upper end surface of the telescopic shaft is provided with a swing plate, the outer wall of the swing plate is provided with a swing arm, and the outer wall of the swing arm also penetrates the shell and extends to the outside.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the sorting device for recycling precious metals from waste circuit boards of the present invention, the swing arm passes through one end of the shell and is rotatably connected to the shell through a bearing, a first sliding column is provided on the outer wall of the swing plate, and a first limiting groove is provided at one end of the swing arm close to the swing plate.

[0012] As a preferred solution of the sorting device for recycling precious metals from waste circuit boards of the present invention, wherein: the swing arm penetrates through the outer side of the shell and has a second limiting groove, one end of the sliding bar is connected to the crushing claw, and the other end is fixed and limited by the connecting rod, and the connecting rod is slidably arranged on the inner wall of the second limiting groove;

[0013] The lower end surface of the telescopic shaft is sleeved with a rotating drum, the upper end of the separation disc is fixedly connected to the shell, and the separation disc is provided with primary sieve holes, secondary sieve holes and tertiary sieve holes in a circumferential array.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the sorting device for recycling precious metals from waste circuit boards of the present invention, the lower end surface of the rotating drum is provided with a paddle wheel, a paddle is provided in a circular array on the paddle wheel, and the paddle wheel is rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the separation disk through a bearing;

[0015] The inner wall of the rotating drum is provided with a rotating groove, the outer wall of the telescopic shaft is provided with a limiting column, and the limiting column is slidably arranged on the inner wall of the rotating groove.

[0016] As a preferred solution of the sorting device for recycling precious metals from waste circuit boards of the present invention, the sorting tower is movably arranged on the lower end surface of the separation plate, the outer wall of the sorting tower is provided with a grinding groove, the grinding groove is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the furnace body, and the inner wall of the grinding groove is provided with grinding lines;

[0017] The sorting tower comprises three truncated platforms and steps arranged at the connection positions of the truncated platforms. The truncated platforms are provided with an entrance, and the steps are provided with an exit.

[0018] As a preferred solution of the sorting device for recycling precious metals from waste circuit boards of the present invention, the inner wall of the sorting tower is provided with a partition, and the partition divides the interior of the sorting tower into three independent chambers, which respectively receive the fragments falling from the primary sieve holes, the secondary sieve holes and the tertiary sieve holes.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the circuit board is crushed by heating the furnace body and shearing of the crushing claws, so that the sieve plate is used for preliminary screening. The heavier the weight and the greater the number of the circuit boards, the greater the shearing and crushing force. The crushing claws are driven by the telescopic shaft to crush the burning circuit board to promote sufficient combustion. At the same time, the dial wheel is driven by the up and down telescopic movement to screen the fragments of different sizes, which is convenient for subsequent different process treatments. The three chambers of the sorting tower are used to receive and process them separately, so as to realize the sorting and multi-stage crushing of fragments of different volumes and states, and the crushed blocks are sorted and refined, which is convenient for subsequent different precious metal chemical extraction processes and improves the overall work efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. Among them:

[0021] Figure 1This is an overall schematic diagram of the sorting device for recycling precious metals from waste circuit boards in the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is an internal diagram of a sorting device for recycling precious metals from waste circuit boards in the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the crushing mechanism in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 It is an enlarged schematic diagram of the crushing claw structure in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the screening mechanism in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 It is an enlarged view of the structure of the separation disk part in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the sorting tower and the grinding tank in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 A partial enlarged view of the coordination between the sorting tower and the grinding trough.

[0029] Reference numerals: 100, calcining furnace; 101, furnace body; 101a, ventilation port; 101b, observation port; 102, feed port; 103, discharge port; 104, sieve plate; 104a, sieve slot;

[0030] 200, crushing mechanism; 201, housing; 202, crushing claw; 202a, sliding bar; 202a-1, connecting rod; 202a-2, sliding groove; 202a-3, limiting rod; 202b, crushing groove; 202c, scraping blade;

[0031] 300, screening mechanism; 301, telescopic shaft; 301a, swing plate; 301a-1, first sliding column; 301b, swing arm; 301b-1, first limiting groove; 301b-2, second limiting groove; 302, separation disc; 302a, primary sieve hole; 302b, secondary sieve hole; 302c, tertiary sieve hole; 303, sorting tower; 303a, round table; 303a-1, entrance; 303b, step; 303b-1, exit; 303c, partition; 304, rotating drum; 304a, paddle wheel; 304a-1, paddle; 304b, rotating groove; 304c, limiting column; 305, grinding groove; 305a, grinding pattern. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0033] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0034] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The term "in one embodiment" that appears in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it refer to a separate or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] Reference Figure 1-Figure 8 , which is the first embodiment of the present invention, provides a sorting device for recovering precious metals from waste circuit boards, including a calcining furnace 100, a crushing mechanism 200 and a screening mechanism 300. The circuit boards are crushed by heating by the furnace body 101 and shearing by the crushing claws 202, and preliminary screening is performed by the screen plate 104.

[0037] Specifically, the calcining furnace 100 includes a furnace body 101, a material inlet 102 provided on the upper end surface of the furnace body 101, a material outlet 103 provided on the lower side of the outer wall of the furnace body 101, and a sieve plate 104 provided on the inner wall of the furnace body 101;

[0038] The crushing mechanism 200 comprises a shell 201 disposed on the inner wall of the furnace body 101 and crushing claws 202 disposed on the upper end surface of the shell 201, wherein two crushing claws 202 are symmetrically disposed and engaged with each other;

[0039] The screening mechanism 300 includes a telescopic shaft 301 slidably arranged inside the furnace body 101 , a separation plate 302 slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the telescopic shaft 301 , and a sorting tower 303 fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the telescopic shaft 301 .

[0040] The outer wall of the furnace body 101 is also provided with a ventilation hole 101 a and an observation hole 101 b , and the sieve plate 104 is penetrated with a sieve slot 104 a , and the sieve plate 104 is slidably arranged on the inner wall of the shell 201 .

[0041] Preferably, the sieve slot 104a is for primary screening and has the largest aperture, so that the electrical components that melt and fall off after calcination fall first. The ceramic plate and resin plate of the circuit board body need to be calcined for a long time before they can break and fall due to their large volume, thus realizing primary screening.

[0042] Furthermore, the furnace body 101 is heated by natural gas to reduce pollution, and the waste gas generated by calcination is discharged through the ventilation port 101a. At the same time, the calcination situation is observed through the observation port 101b, the flame size is adjusted and it is determined whether to continue adding materials. The graded and screened materials of each level are taken out in turn through the discharge port 103, thereby realizing the graded sorting of various materials for circuit boards.

[0043] The sieve plate 104 is located directly below the feed port 102 to facilitate receiving the waste circuit boards. The sieve plate 104 is perpendicular to the inner wall of the furnace body 101, so that the waste circuit boards in each area are evenly calcined.

[0044] More preferably, a sliding bar 202a is provided at the lower end of the crushing claw 202, and the sliding bar 202a is slidably arranged on the upper end surface of the shell 201. Two sliding bars 202a are also symmetrically arranged, and a connecting rod 202a-1 is provided between the two symmetrically arranged sliding bars 202a.

[0045] The crushing claw 202 is in the shape of a triangular prism, the lower end surface of the crushing claw 202 is fixedly connected to the sliding bar 202a and moves therewith, and two sliding bars 202a are symmetrically arranged at the lower end of each crushing claw 202.

[0046] Preferably, a crushing groove 202b is provided on the right-angled side of the crushing claw 202, a sliding groove 202a-2 is provided through the sliding bar 202a, a limit rod 202a-3 is slidably provided inside the sliding groove 202a-2, and a scraping piece 202c is also provided on the lower end surface of the crushing claw 202.

[0047] Among them, the crushing groove 202b is set perpendicular to the direction of the screen plate 104 and parallel to the direction of the sliding bar 202a. Two crushing claws 202 are symmetrically arranged, one of which is provided with six crushing grooves 202b in an array, and the other is provided with four crushing grooves 202b in an array. The two crushing claws 202 are symmetrically arranged and can slide and engage along the shell 201. At this time, the crushing grooves 202b are staggered and embedded together.

[0048] Furthermore, one end of the limit rod 202a-3 is fixed on a sliding bar 202a connected to one crushing claw 202, and the other end is slidably arranged on the inner wall of the sliding groove 202a-2 connected to another crushing claw 202, so that each sliding bar 202a is on the same horizontal plane, so that the crushing claws 202 slide more synchronously.

[0049] Among them, a hydraulic cylinder is provided on the lower end surface of the sieve plate 104, and the crushing claws 202 are also driven by hydraulic oil to move toward the middle. When the weight of the waste circuit boards falling on the sieve plate 104 is greater, the hydraulic oil pressure is greater, the force pushing the crushing claws 202 to move toward the middle is greater, and the crushing and squeezing force on the waste circuit boards in the middle is also greater. At the same time, the calcination and softening of the furnace body 101 are cooperated to separate the various metal components.

[0050] In summary, when in use, first put the waste circuit boards into the feed port 102, the circuit boards fall onto the screen plate 104 and due to their own weight, the screen plate 104 is pressed to slide downward along the shell 201, and at the same time, pressure is applied to the hydraulic cylinder, and the crushing claws 202 driven by the same oil pipe as the hydraulic cylinder are forced to move closer to the center. As the two symmetrically arranged crushing claws 202 move closer, the scraping sheet 202c is made of heat-resistant rubber material and can be deformed, so as to fully fit the surface of the screen plate 104 and scrape each small piece of circuit board fragments into the screen slot 104a, while pushing the large pieces of fragments to the middle to gather.

[0051] At the same time, the crushing grooves 202b are engaged with each other, and the two crushing claws 202 are engaged with each other to form a triangular block to compress the crushing cavity, and as the crushing claws 202 approach, the cavity continues to shrink, thereby shearing and crushing large pieces in each circuit board. The heavier the circuit boards and the greater their number, the greater the shearing and crushing force, which is convenient for the next step of screening. At the same time, since small electronic components will melt and fall off when heated, they will first fall from the screening groove 104a, so that these electronic components can be sorted and collected.

[0052] Example 2

[0053] Reference Figures 1 to 8 , which is the second embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is based on the previous embodiment, but differs in that the crushing claw 202 is driven by the upward and downward extension of the telescopic shaft 301 to crush the circuit board to promote full combustion, and at the same time, the upward and downward extension drives the dial wheel 304a to screen the fragments of different sizes, which is convenient for subsequent different process treatments.

[0054] Specifically, the lower end surface of the sieve plate 104 is connected to the telescopic shaft 301, the upper end surface of the telescopic shaft 301 is provided with a swing plate 301a, the outer wall of the swing plate 301a is provided with a swing arm 301b, and the outer wall of the swing arm 301b also penetrates the shell 201 and extends to the outside.

[0055] More preferably, one end of the swing arm 301b passes through the shell 201 and is rotatably connected to the shell 201 through a bearing, the outer wall of the swing plate 301a is provided with a first sliding column 301a-1, and one end of the swing arm 301b close to the swing plate 301a is provided with a first limiting groove 301b-1.

[0056] Among them, the swing arm 301b is penetrated to the end of the outer side of the shell 201 and is provided with a second limiting groove 301b-2, one end of the sliding bar 202a is connected to the crushing claw 202, and the other end is fixed and limited by the connecting rod 202a-1, and the connecting rod 202a-1 is slidably arranged on the inner wall of the second limiting groove 301b-2.

[0057] Among them, the swing arm 301b is a broken line shaped arm with an opening of an obtuse angle, the first limiting groove 301b-1 and the second limiting groove 301b-2 are waist-shaped grooves parallel to the direction of the swing arm 301b, and the first sliding column 301a-1 is slidably arranged inside the first limiting groove 301b-1.

[0058] More preferably, the connecting rod 202a-1 and the crushing claws 202 are respectively located on both sides of the sliding bar 202a, and the two crushing claws 202 are symmetrically arranged, with the tips of the crushing grooves 202b close to the middle position of the screen plate 104, so that when the connecting rod 202a-1 is pulled to make the sliding bar 202a slide outward along the shell 201, the two crushing claws 202 approach each other and engage with each other to shear and crush the waste circuit boards.

[0059] Furthermore, a rotating drum 304 is sleeved on the lower end surface of the telescopic shaft 301, and the upper end of the separation disc 302 is fixedly connected to the shell 201. The separation disc 302 is provided with a primary sieve hole 302a, a secondary sieve hole 302b and a tertiary sieve hole 302c in a circumferential array.

[0060] The lower end surface of the rotating drum 304 is provided with a paddle wheel 304a, and a paddle 304a - 1 is provided in a circumferential array on the paddle wheel 304a. The paddle wheel 304a is rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the separation disc 302 via a bearing.

[0061] More preferably, a rotation groove 304b is provided on the inner wall of the rotating cylinder 304, and a limiting column 304c is provided on the outer wall of the telescopic shaft 301, and the limiting column 304c is slidably disposed on the inner wall of the rotation groove 304b.

[0062] Among them, the separation disk 302 is a hollow cylinder, and the inner wall of the bottom of the separation disk 302 is arranged with a first-level sieve hole 302a, a second-level sieve hole 302b, and a third-level sieve hole 302c in sequence from the center of the circle along the diameter to the outside, and the diameters of the sieve holes increase successively, the paddle 304a-1 is an arc-shaped paddle and the paddle 304a-1 slides closely against the inner wall of the bottom of the separation disk 302, and the rotating groove 304b is a spring line-shaped groove.

[0063] More preferably, there are six paddles 304a-1 in a circular array, and the paddles 304a-1 are eccentrically arranged with respect to the center of the dial wheel 304a, and one end of the paddle 304a-1 away from the dial wheel 304a slides against the inner wall of the paddle 304a-1 to select the circuit board fragments.

[0064] In summary, during use, when it is necessary to completely burn and sort the circuit boards, after completing a shearing, crushing and screening, as new circuit boards continue to be added, the screen plate 104 is pressed down, driving the telescopic shaft 301 connected thereto to move downward, and the crushing claws 202 are no longer driven by the cylinder, and at the same time the swing plate 301a moves downward, driving the first slide column 301a-1 to slide along the first limit groove 301b-1, and at the same time causing the swing arm 301b to rotate, and the other end of the swing arm 301b drives the connecting rod 202a-1 to move, thereby controlling the two crushing claws 202 to move closer or farther through the sliding bar 202a; when the number of circuit boards on the screen plate 104 continues to increase, the two crushing claws 202 move away from each other to facilitate the accommodation of more circuit boards, and as the organic matter is heated and burned and the components are screened and fallen, the weight on the screen plate 104 is reduced, and the crushing claws 202 approach again and crush the remaining residues from the combustion.

[0065] At the same time, since the limiting column 304c slides in the rotating groove 304b, the telescopic shaft 301 can only be extended and retracted up and down, and the rotating drum 304 can only rotate, thereby driving the dial wheel 304a connected thereto to rotate, and the paddle 304a-1 drives the fragments that have been screened last time to rotate on the separation disk 302 for the first time and be sorted according to volume. The fragments rotate with the paddle 304a-1 and slide along the outer wall of the arc, and finally fall through three sieve holes of different sizes to realize the sorting of the fragments screened last time. In addition, after the telescopic shaft 301 retracts due to the reduction of the burning weight, the paddle 304a-1 will also rotate in the opposite direction, making the screening and sorting process of the fragments more thorough.

[0066] Example 3

[0067] Reference Figure 1-Figure 8 , which is the third embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is based on the previous embodiment, but differs in that the three chambers of the sorting tower 303 are used to receive and process the fragments separately, thereby realizing the sorting and multi-stage crushing of fragments of different volumes and states, and sorting and refining the crushed fragments, which facilitates the subsequent different precious metal chemical extraction processes and improves the overall work efficiency.

[0068] Specifically, the sorting tower 303 is movably arranged on the lower end surface of the separation plate 302, the outer wall of the sorting tower 303 is provided with a grinding groove 305, the grinding groove 305 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the furnace body 101, and the inner wall of the grinding groove 305 is provided with a grinding pattern 305a.

[0069] The sorting tower 303 includes three truncated platforms 303a and steps 303b provided at the connection between the truncated platforms 303a. The truncated platforms 303a are provided with an entrance 303a-1, and the steps 303b are provided with an exit 303b-1.

[0070] Preferably, a partition 303c is provided on the inner wall of the sorting tower 303, and the partition 303c divides the interior of the sorting tower 303 into three independent chambers, which respectively receive the fragments falling from the primary sieve hole 302a, the secondary sieve hole 302b and the tertiary sieve hole 302c.

[0071] Among them, the first-level sieve holes 302a mostly filter out small electronic components that fall first, which contain metals such as copper, and can be directly discharged to the discharge port 103 through the corresponding chamber. The second-level sieve holes 302b mostly contain broken circuit board bodies and melted resin boards, which need to be further ground and crushed, and then purified by chemical methods, so they need to be discharged in the second step. The third-level sieve holes 302c contain unmelted and incompletely burned circuit boards, so they need to be discharged in the third step and then returned to the factory for re-calcination.

[0072] Furthermore, the sorting tower 303 is slidably engaged with the inner wall of the grinding groove 305, and the outer wall of the truncated table 303a is in contact with the grinding groove 305, so as to further crush the circuit board fragments located therebetween.

[0073] There are three cones 303a and two steps 303b. From top to bottom, the diameters of the entrance 303a-1 and the exit 303b-1 gradually decrease, thereby achieving step-by-step crushing and sorting. The inner wall of the exit 303b-1 is provided with staggered inclined plates, so that the broken pieces can only go out along the exit 303b-1 and cannot return.

[0074] Preferably, the grinding groove 305 is an inclined pattern, and the fragments fall into between the grinding groove 305 and the table 303a after exiting from the outlet 303b-1. As the table 303a falls, the fragments are further crushed. After meeting the requirements, they enter the next chamber along the entrance 303a-1 of the next level, fall to the bottom of the chamber, and continue to be crushed by falling along the outlet 303b-1.

[0075] In summary, when in use, as the broken pieces of the circuit board fall down along the separation plate 302, the small-volume and first-falling electrical components will first have their solder joints melted and fall down, and then enter the corresponding chamber along the primary sieve hole 302a and be directly discharged to the discharge port 103, and then undergo a chemical purification process; impurities that are completely burned and contain precious metals are usually slightly larger in volume, and thus fall through the secondary sieve hole 302b to the corresponding chamber, and as the sorting tower 303 moves upward, they fall along the outlet 303b-1 to the space between the next layer of the truncated table 303a and the grinding groove 305. The waste circuit boards are then sorted again after the organic matter is fully burned and sorted.

[0076] Importantly, it should be noted that the construction and arrangement of the present application shown in a plurality of different exemplary embodiments are only exemplary. Although only a few embodiments are described in detail in this disclosure, it should be readily understood by those who refer to this disclosure that many modifications are possible (e.g., the size, scale, structure, shape and proportion of various elements, and parameter values ​​(e.g., temperature, pressure, etc.), installation arrangement, use of materials, color, directional changes, etc.) without substantially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter described in the application. For example, the element shown as integrally formed can be composed of multiple parts or elements, the position of the element can be inverted or otherwise changed, and the nature or number or position of the discrete element can be changed or changed. Therefore, all such modifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention. The order or sequence of any process or method steps can be changed or reordered according to alternative embodiments. In the claims, any "device plus function" clause is intended to cover the structure of performing the function described herein, and is not only structurally equivalent but also equivalent structure. Without departing from the scope of the present invention, other replacements, modifications, changes and omissions can be made in the design, operating conditions and arrangement of the exemplary embodiments. Therefore, the invention is not limited to a specific embodiment, but extends to several modifications still falling within the scope of the appended claims.

[0077] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sorting device for recycling precious metals from waste circuit boards, characterized in that :include: A calcining furnace (100) comprises a furnace body (101), a material inlet (102) arranged on the upper end surface of the furnace body (101), a material outlet (103) arranged on the lower side of the outer wall of the furnace body (101), and a sieve plate (104) arranged on the inner wall of the furnace body (101); The crushing mechanism (200) comprises a shell (201) arranged on the inner wall of the furnace body (101) and crushing claws (202) arranged on the upper end surface of the shell (201), wherein two crushing claws (202) are symmetrically arranged and engage with each other; The screening mechanism (300) comprises a telescopic shaft (301) slidably arranged inside the furnace body (101), a separation plate (302) slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the telescopic shaft (301), and a sorting tower (303) fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the telescopic shaft (301).

2. The sorting device for recycling precious metals from waste circuit boards as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The outer wall of the furnace body (101) is also provided with a ventilation hole (101a) and an observation hole (101b); the sieve plate (104) is penetrated by a sieve slot (104a); and the sieve plate (104) is slidably arranged on the inner wall of the shell (201).

3. The sorting device for recycling precious metals from waste circuit boards as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that The lower end of the crushing claw (202) is provided with a sliding bar (202a), and the sliding bar (202a) is slidably arranged on the upper end surface of the shell (201). Two sliding bars (202a) are symmetrically arranged, and a connecting rod (202a-1) is arranged between the two symmetrically arranged sliding bars (202a).

4. The sorting device for recycling precious metals from waste circuit boards as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that The right-angled side of the crushing claw (202) is provided with a crushing groove (202b), the sliding bar (202a) is penetrated by a sliding groove (202a-2), a limit rod (202a-3) is slidably provided inside the sliding groove (202a-2), and the lower end surface of the crushing claw (202) is also provided with a scraping sheet (202c).

5. The sorting device for recycling precious metals from waste circuit boards as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that The lower end surface of the sieve plate (104) is connected to the telescopic shaft (301), the upper end surface of the telescopic shaft (301) is provided with a swing plate (301a), the outer wall of the swing plate (301a) is provided with a swing arm (301b), and the outer wall of the swing arm (301b) also penetrates the shell (201) and extends to the outside.

6. The sorting device for recycling precious metals from waste circuit boards as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that One end of the swing arm (301b) passes through the housing (201) and is rotatably connected to the housing (201) via a bearing; a first sliding column (301a-1) is provided on the outer wall of the swing plate (301a); and a first limiting groove (301b-1) is provided at one end of the swing arm (301b) close to the swing plate (301a).

7. The sorting device for recycling precious metals from waste circuit boards as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that : The swing arm (301b) is penetrated to the outer side of the shell (201) and has a second limiting groove (301b-2) at one end; one end of the sliding bar (202a) is connected to the crushing claw (202), and the other end is fixed and limited by the connecting rod (202a-1); the connecting rod (202a-1) is slidably arranged on the inner wall of the second limiting groove (301b-2); The lower end surface of the telescopic shaft (301) is sleeved with a rotating drum (304), the upper end of the separation disc (302) is fixedly connected to the shell (201), and the separation disc (302) is provided with primary sieve holes (302a), secondary sieve holes (302b) and tertiary sieve holes (302c) in a circumferential array.

8. The sorting device for recycling precious metals from waste circuit boards as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that : A thumbwheel (304a) is provided on the lower end surface of the rotating drum (304), and a thumbwheel (304a-1) is provided in a circumferential array on the thumbwheel (304a), and the thumbwheel (304a) is rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the separation disc (302) via a bearing; The inner wall of the rotating cylinder (304) is provided with a rotating groove (304b), and the outer wall of the telescopic shaft (301) is provided with a limiting column (304c), and the limiting column (304c) is slidably arranged on the inner wall of the rotating groove (304b).

9. The sorting device for recycling precious metals from waste circuit boards as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that : the sorting tower (303) is movably arranged on the lower end surface of the separation plate (302), the outer wall of the sorting tower (303) is provided with a grinding groove (305), the grinding groove (305) is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the furnace body (101), and the inner wall of the grinding groove (305) is provided with grinding lines (305a); The sorting tower (303) comprises three truncated platforms (303a) and steps (303b) arranged at the connection between the truncated platforms (303a), the truncated platforms (303a) are provided with an entrance (303a-1) through them, and the steps (303b) are provided with an exit (303b-1) through them.

10. The sorting device for recycling precious metals from waste circuit boards as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that The inner wall of the sorting tower (303) is provided with a partition (303c), and the partition (303c) divides the interior of the sorting tower (303) into three independent chambers, which respectively receive the fragments falling from the primary sieve hole (302a), the secondary sieve hole (302b) and the tertiary sieve hole (302c).

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