Scale ratio semi-suspension rudder system bench test device and test method

Abstract

The invention provides a scaling semi-suspension rudder system bench test device and a test method, the scaling semi-suspension rudder system bench test device comprises a test bench, a scaling semi-suspension rudder system, a rotation driving mechanism and a horizontal force loading mechanism, the scaling semi-suspension rudder system is suspended on the test bench, the rotation driving mechanism is connected with a rudder stock of the scaling semi-suspension rudder system and pushes the rudder stock to rotate, and the horizontal force loading mechanism is loaded on the scaling semi-suspension rudder system. The horizontal force loading mechanism corresponds to a rudder horn of the scaled semi-suspension rudder system, and horizontal thrust is applied to the scaled semi-suspension rudder system, the rotating torque of the rudder system and the deformation of all parts are measured through tests, and the reliability of the structural design of the rudder system is verified.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of ship devices, and in particular to a scaled-down semi-suspended rudder rudder system bench test device and a test method. Background Art

[0002] Large ships use semi-suspended rudders to ensure their strength. In order to verify the rationality of the semi-suspended rudder structure design, it is necessary to carry out loading tests to verify the strength of various parts of the rudder system. For large semi-suspended rudders, the test period of using the actual size rudder system is long, and the loading difficulty is high, and some extreme test conditions are difficult to achieve.

[0003] In order to save the cost of loading test, the semi-suspended rudder of large ships is scaled down and the rationality of the design of the semi-suspended rudder system is verified by loading test on the scaled model. Currently, there are few loading test methods for the scaled semi-suspended rudder system. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a scaled-down semi-suspended rudder rudder system bench test device and test method for the above-mentioned problems, which can carry out no-load, static load and transportation tests of the scaled-down semi-suspended rudder system before the semi-suspended rudder is installed and tested on a real ship, so as to verify the rationality of the rudder system structural design.

[0005] The embodiment of the present application is implemented as follows:

[0006] An embodiment of the present application provides a scaled-down semi-suspended rudder and rudder system bench test device, characterized in that it comprises a test bench, a scaled-down semi-suspended rudder and rudder system, a rotation drive mechanism and a horizontal force loading mechanism, wherein the scaled-down semi-suspended rudder and rudder system is suspended on the test bench, the rotation drive mechanism is connected to the rudder stock of the scaled-down semi-suspended rudder and rudder system to drive the rudder stock to rotate, and the horizontal force loading mechanism corresponds to the rudder arm of the scaled-down semi-suspended rudder and rudder system to apply horizontal thrust.

[0007] In some optional embodiments, the rudder stock of the scaled-down semi-suspended rudder system is suspended at the top center of the test bench through a rudder bearing, the bottom end of the rudder stock is connected to the rudder blade, the top end of the rudder arm is connected to the top of the test bench, and the bottom end of the rudder arm is connected to the rudder blade through a rudder shaft.

[0008] In some optional embodiments, the rotary drive mechanism includes a rotary drive hydraulic cylinder, a rotary arm and a sliding pin, one end of the rotary arm is connected to the rudder bar, and the other end is provided with a slide groove, the sliding pin is embedded in the slide groove, and the end of the telescopic rod of the rotary drive hydraulic cylinder is connected to the sliding pin.

[0009] In some optional embodiments, the horizontal force loading mechanism includes a horizontal force loading hydraulic cylinder and a deformation measuring instrument, the end of the telescopic rod of the horizontal force loading hydraulic cylinder is connected to a roller and is arranged corresponding to the rudder hanging arm, and the deformation measuring instrument measures the deformation of the rudder bar, the rudder hanging arm and the rudder blade.

[0010] In some optional embodiments, the rotary drive hydraulic cylinder and the horizontal force loading hydraulic cylinder are respectively supported and fixed by hydraulic cylinder brackets.

[0011] In some optional embodiments, the deformation measuring instrument includes a contact measuring instrument and a non-contact measuring instrument, the non-contact measuring instrument includes a total station or a laser measuring instrument, and the contact measuring instrument is a lever meter.

[0012] In some optional embodiments, the test bench is a cubic frame structure, including a top plate, a bottom plate and columns, and reinforcing ribs are provided at the connections between the columns and the top plate and the bottom plate, and the hydraulic cylinder supports are respectively arranged on the top plate and the bottom plate.

[0013] In some optional embodiments, the lever gauge is multiple and arranged along the circumference of the rudder arm.

[0014] In some optional embodiments, the rudder bearing and the rudder hanging arm are connected to the top plate of the test bench by bolts.

[0015] A test method for a scaled-down semi-suspended rudder rudder system bench test device, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

[0016] Step a: Test the scaled-down semi-suspended rudder system under loading:

[0017] The scaled semi-suspended rudder system is installed on the test bench; the rotating arm is connected to the rudder stock, the telescopic rod of the rotary drive hydraulic cylinder is controlled to extend, the transmission sliding pin is pushed, and the rotating arm is driven to rotate, thereby realizing the rotation of the rudder stock; at the same time, the telescopic rod of the horizontal force loading hydraulic cylinder is controlled to extend, and the horizontal thrust is applied to the rudder arm of the rudder system through the connecting roller; the displacement of the rudder system is detected by the deformation measuring instrument, so as to obtain the deformation of the rudder stock and the corresponding rudder bearing under the loading state of the scaled semi-suspended rudder system;

[0018] Step b: Test the scaled-down semi-suspended rudder system in idle state:

[0019] Adjust the pressure and flow of the rotary drive hydraulic cylinder to make the rudder stock rotate at a uniform and slow speed, and observe that the rudder stock rotates without interference or jamming; control the telescopic rod of the horizontal force loading hydraulic cylinder to retract, and at this time the horizontal force loading hydraulic cylinder is unloaded; and use the deformation measuring instrument to detect the displacement of the rudder system to obtain the deformation of the rudder stock and the corresponding rudder bearing in the idling state;

[0020] Step c: Test the scaled-down semi-suspended rudder system under static load:

[0021] Control the extension of the telescopic rod of the horizontal force loading hydraulic cylinder to make the roller horizontally support the outer circle of the rudder arm, and gradually adjust the hydraulic pressure; adjust the pressure and flow of the rotary drive hydraulic cylinder to rotate the scaled semi-suspended rudder system to the corresponding angle, lock the rotary drive hydraulic cylinder, record the value of the deformation measuring instrument at this time, and obtain the deformation of the rudder stock and the corresponding rudder bearing under static load;

[0022] Step d: Test the scaled-down semi-suspended rudder system under load:

[0023] Adjust the pressure and flow of the rotary drive hydraulic cylinder to make the rudder stock rotate back and forth slowly and at a uniform speed; control the horizontal force loading hydraulic cylinder to make the roller horizontally support the outer circle of the rudder arm, and gradually adjust the hydraulic pressure; record the value of the deformation measuring instrument when the rudder system is rotated to different angles, and obtain the deformation of the rudder stock and the corresponding rudder bearing under load.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows: a scaled-down semi-suspended rudder rudder system bench test device and test method provided by the present application can carry out no-load and loading tests of the scaled-down semi-suspended rudder system before the semi-suspended rudder is installed and tested on a real ship, realize the bending moment loading and rotation of the rudder system, simulate the operation of the rudder system under deformation, measure the turning torque and deformation of each part of the rudder system, verify the reliability of the rudder system structural design, ensure that the rudder system of the semi-suspended rudder can work normally under the theoretically predicted deformation, and reduce the risks that may occur in the use of the real ship. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a bench test device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a front view of the bench test device of the embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 3 A top view of a bench test device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of a lever meter according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0031] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present application for which protection is sought, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0032] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0033] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the positions or positional relationships in which the product of the application is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific position, be constructed and operated in a specific position, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0034] In addition, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging" and the like do not mean that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or overhanging, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0035] In the description of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0036] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0037] The features and performance of the present application are further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0038] The invention proposes a bench test device and a test method for a scaled-down semi-suspended rudder system. Before the semi-suspended rudder is installed and tested on a real ship, no-load, static load and transportation tests of the scaled-down semi-suspended rudder system are carried out to verify the rationality of the rudder system structural design.

[0039] like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, the scaled-down semi-suspended rudder and rudder system bench test device comprises a test bench 1, a scaled-down semi-suspended rudder and rudder system 2, a rotation drive mechanism 3 and a horizontal force loading mechanism 4. The scaled-down semi-suspended rudder and rudder system is suspended on the test bench, the rotation drive mechanism is connected with the rudder bar 5 of the scaled-down semi-suspended rudder and rudder system to drive the rudder bar to rotate, and the horizontal force loading mechanism corresponds to the rudder arm 6 of the scaled-down semi-suspended rudder and rudder system to apply horizontal thrust.

[0040] The rudder stock of the scaled-down semi-suspended rudder system is suspended at the top center of the test bench through a rudder bearing 7, the bottom end of the rudder stock is connected to the rudder blade 8, the top end of the rudder arm is connected to the top of the test bench, and the bottom end of the rudder arm is connected to the rudder blade through a rudder shaft.

[0041] The rotary drive mechanism includes a rotary drive hydraulic cylinder 9, a rotary arm 10 and a sliding pin 11. One end of the rotary arm is connected to the rudder stock, and the other end is provided with a slide groove 12. The sliding pin is embedded in the slide groove, and the end of the telescopic rod of the rotary drive hydraulic cylinder is connected to the sliding pin. The telescopic rod of the rotary drive hydraulic cylinder is controlled to extend, and the sliding pin is pushed to drive the rotary arm to rotate, thereby realizing the rotary motion of the rudder stock.

[0042] The horizontal force loading mechanism includes a horizontal force loading hydraulic cylinder 13 and a deformation measuring instrument. The end of the telescopic rod of the horizontal force loading hydraulic cylinder is connected to a roller 14, which is arranged corresponding to the rudder hanging arm. The deformation measuring instrument measures the deformation of the rudder stock, the rudder hanging arm and the rudder blade. The horizontal force loading hydraulic cylinder is connected to the roller to control the extension of the telescopic rod and push the roller, thereby realizing the horizontal force loading of the scaled semi-suspended rudder system.

[0043] The scaled-down semi-suspended rudder system is installed on the test bench; the rotating arm is connected to the rudder stock, the telescopic rod of the rotary drive hydraulic cylinder is controlled to extend, the sliding pin is pushed, and the rotating arm is driven to rotate, thereby realizing the rotation of the rudder stock; at the same time, the telescopic rod of the horizontal force loading hydraulic cylinder is controlled to extend, and the horizontal thrust is applied to the rudder arm of the rudder system through the connecting roller; the deformation measuring instrument detects the displacement of the rudder system, thereby obtaining the deformation of the rudder stock and the corresponding rudder bearing under the loading state of the scaled-down semi-suspended rudder system.

[0044] In some optional implementation schemes, the rotary drive hydraulic cylinder and the horizontal force loading hydraulic cylinder are supported and fixed by hydraulic cylinder brackets 15 respectively.

[0045] In some optional embodiments, the deformation measuring instrument includes a contact measuring instrument and a non-contact measuring instrument, the non-contact measuring instrument includes a total station or a laser measuring instrument, and the contact measuring instrument is a lever meter 16. There are multiple lever meters, which are arranged along the circumference of the rudder arm (see Figure 4 ).

[0046] In some optional implementation schemes, the test bench is a cubic frame structure, including a top plate, a bottom plate and columns, and reinforcing rib plates 17 are provided at the connections between the columns and the top plate and the bottom plate, and the hydraulic cylinder brackets are respectively arranged on the top plate and the bottom plate.

[0047] The rudder bearing and the rudder arm are connected to the top plate of the test bench by bolts.

[0048] The specific test process includes the following steps:

[0049] Step 1: Test the scaled-down semi-suspended rudder system under loading:

[0050] The rudder system of the scaled-down semi-suspended rudder is installed on the test bench; the rotating arm is connected to the rudder stock, the telescopic rod of the rotary driving hydraulic cylinder is controlled to extend, the transmission sliding pin is pushed, and the rotating arm is driven to rotate, thereby realizing the rotation of the rudder stock; at the same time, the telescopic rod of the horizontal force loading hydraulic cylinder is controlled to extend, and the horizontal thrust is applied at the rudder arm of the rudder system through the connecting roller; the displacement of the rudder system is detected by the deformation measuring instrument, so as to obtain the deformation of the rudder stock and the corresponding rudder bearing under the loading state of the rudder system of the scaled-down semi-suspended rudder.

[0051] Step 2: Test the scaled-down semi-suspended rudder system in idle state:

[0052] Adjust the pressure and flow of the rotary drive hydraulic cylinder to make the rudder stock rotate at a uniform and slow speed, and observe whether the rudder stock rotates without interference or jamming; control the telescopic rod of the horizontal force loading hydraulic cylinder to retract, and the horizontal force loading hydraulic cylinder is unloaded at this time; and detect the displacement of the rudder system through the deformation measuring instrument to obtain the deformation of the rudder stock and the corresponding rudder bearing in the idling state.

[0053] Step 3: Test the scaled-down semi-suspended rudder system under static load:

[0054] Control the telescopic rod of the horizontal force loading hydraulic cylinder to extend, so that the roller can horizontally support the outer circle of the rudder arm, and gradually adjust the hydraulic pressure; adjust the pressure and flow of the rotary drive hydraulic cylinder to rotate the scaled semi-suspended rudder system to the corresponding angle, then lock the rotary drive hydraulic cylinder, record the value of the deformation measuring instrument at this time, and obtain the deformation of the rudder stock and the corresponding rudder bearing under static load.

[0055] Step 4: Test the scaled-down semi-suspended rudder system under load:

[0056] Adjust the pressure and flow of the rotary drive hydraulic cylinder to make the rudder stock rotate back and forth slowly and at a uniform speed; control the horizontal force loading hydraulic cylinder to make the roller horizontally support the outer circle of the rudder arm, and gradually adjust the hydraulic pressure; record the value of the deformation measuring instrument when the rudder system is rotated to different angles, and obtain the deformation of the rudder stock and the corresponding rudder bearing under load.

[0057] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present intellectual achievement, but the present intellectual achievement should not be limited to the contents disclosed in the embodiment and the accompanying drawings. All equivalents or modifications completed without departing from the spirit disclosed in the present invention fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A scaled-down semi-suspended rudder system bench test device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a test bench, a scaled-down semi-suspended rudder system, a rotation drive mechanism and a horizontal force loading mechanism. The scaled-down semi-suspended rudder system is suspended on the test bench. The rotation drive mechanism is connected with the rudder stock of the scaled-down semi-suspended rudder system to drive the rudder stock to rotate. The horizontal force loading mechanism corresponds to the rudder arm of the scaled-down semi-suspended rudder system to apply horizontal thrust.

2. A scaled-down semi-suspended rudder rudder system bench test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rudder stock of the scaled-down semi-suspended rudder system is suspended at the top center of the test bench through a rudder bearing, the bottom end of the rudder stock is connected to the rudder blade, the top end of the rudder hanging arm is connected to the top of the test bench, and the bottom end of the rudder hanging arm is connected to the rudder blade through a rudder shaft.

3. A scaled-down semi-suspended rudder rudder system bench test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotary drive mechanism comprises a rotary drive hydraulic cylinder, a rotary arm and a sliding pin. One end of the rotary arm is connected to the rudder stock, and the other end is provided with a slide groove. The sliding pin is embedded in the slide groove. The end of the telescopic rod of the rotary drive hydraulic cylinder is connected to the sliding pin.

4. A scaled-down semi-suspended rudder rudder system bench test device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The horizontal force loading mechanism comprises a horizontal force loading hydraulic cylinder and a deformation measuring instrument. The end of the telescopic rod of the horizontal force loading hydraulic cylinder is connected to a roller and is arranged corresponding to the rudder hanging arm. The deformation measuring instrument measures the deformation of the rudder stock, the rudder hanging arm and the rudder blade.

5. A scaled-down semi-suspended rudder system bench test device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rotary drive hydraulic cylinder and the horizontal force loading hydraulic cylinder are supported and fixed by hydraulic cylinder brackets respectively.

6. A scaled-down semi-suspended rudder rudder system bench test device according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The deformation measuring instrument includes a contact measuring instrument and a non-contact measuring instrument. The non-contact measuring instrument includes a total station or a laser measuring instrument, and the contact measuring instrument is a lever meter.

7. The scaled-down semi-suspended rudder rudder system bench test device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The test bench is a cubic frame structure, including a top plate, a bottom plate and columns. The connection between the columns and the top plate and the bottom plate is provided with reinforcing rib plates, and the hydraulic cylinder brackets are respectively arranged on the top plate and the bottom plate.

8. The scaled-down semi-suspended rudder rudder system bench test device according to claim 6, characterized in that: There are multiple lever meters, which are arranged along the circumference of the rudder arm.

9. A scaled-down semi-suspended rudder rudder system bench test device according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: The rudder bearing and the rudder hanging arm are connected to the top plate of the test bench through bolts.

10. A test method using a scaled-down semi-suspended rudder system bench test device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The steps include: Step a: Test the scaled-down semi-suspended rudder system under loading: The scaled semi-suspended rudder system is installed on the test bench; the rotating arm is connected to the rudder stock, the telescopic rod of the rotary drive hydraulic cylinder is controlled to extend, the transmission sliding pin is pushed, and the rotating arm is driven to rotate, thereby realizing the rotation of the rudder stock; at the same time, the telescopic rod of the horizontal force loading hydraulic cylinder is controlled to extend, and the horizontal thrust is applied to the rudder arm of the rudder system through the connecting roller; the displacement of the rudder system is detected by the deformation measuring instrument, so as to obtain the deformation of the rudder stock and the corresponding rudder bearing under the loading state of the scaled semi-suspended rudder system; Step b: Test the scaled-down semi-suspended rudder system in idle state: Adjust the pressure and flow of the rotary drive hydraulic cylinder to make the rudder stock rotate at a uniform and slow speed, and observe that the rudder stock rotates without interference or jamming; control the telescopic rod of the horizontal force loading hydraulic cylinder to retract, and at this time the horizontal force loading hydraulic cylinder is unloaded; and use the deformation measuring instrument to detect the displacement of the rudder system to obtain the deformation of the rudder stock and the corresponding rudder bearing in the idling state; Step c: Test the scaled-down semi-suspended rudder system under static load: Control the extension of the telescopic rod of the horizontal force loading hydraulic cylinder to make the roller horizontally support the outer circle of the rudder arm, and gradually adjust the hydraulic pressure; adjust the pressure and flow of the rotary drive hydraulic cylinder to rotate the scaled semi-suspended rudder system to the corresponding angle, lock the rotary drive hydraulic cylinder, record the value of the deformation measuring instrument at this time, and obtain the deformation of the rudder stock and the corresponding rudder bearing under static load; Step d: Test the scaled-down semi-suspended rudder system under load: Adjust the pressure and flow of the rotary drive hydraulic cylinder to make the rudder stock reciprocate at a uniform and slow speed; Control the horizontal force loading hydraulic cylinder to make the roller horizontally support the outer circle of the rudder arm, and gradually adjust the hydraulic pressure; record the value of the deformation measuring instrument when the rudder system is turned to different angles, and obtain the deformation of the rudder stock and the corresponding rudder bearing under load.

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