A design method and system for a double-sided photovoltaic tracking system based on fuzzy control

Abstract

The present invention discloses a design method and system of a double-sided photovoltaic tracking system based on fuzzy control, the method comprising: establishing an irradiance model and a temperature prediction model of a photovoltaic module; using the first output of the irradiance model and the second output of the temperature prediction model as inputs of a preset fuzzy controller, the fuzzy controller outputting a target tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel through a preset fuzzy control rule; modeling a photovoltaic system tracking bracket to obtain a photovoltaic tracking system model, and controlling the photovoltaic tracking system model according to the target tilt angle. The method can effectively improve the energy of the photovoltaic module, reduce the number of motor starts, extend the service life of the photovoltaic tracking bracket, and reduce the electricity cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, and in particular relates to a design method and system of a double-sided photovoltaic tracking system based on fuzzy control. Background Art

[0002] Bifacial photovoltaic modules have important application prospects in the field of photovoltaic power generation because they can absorb sunlight from both the front and back sides at the same time, thus improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency. However, the existing bifacial photovoltaic tracking system still faces many challenges in practical applications, such as how to accurately track the position of the sun to improve the light receiving efficiency of photovoltaic modules, and how to effectively predict the working status of photovoltaic modules to ensure stable operation of the system.

[0003] At present, the following technical problems exist in the existing technology: most of the existing double-sided photovoltaic tracking systems use fixed brackets or simple single-axis tracking methods, which cannot achieve accurate tracking of the sun's position, resulting in low light receiving efficiency of photovoltaic modules; at the same time, the existing system lacks the ability to predict the working status of photovoltaic modules in real time, and it is difficult to adjust the system operation status in time to cope with environmental changes, thereby affecting the overall power generation efficiency of the system.

[0004] In summary, the existing bifacial photovoltaic tracking system cannot meet the requirements for efficient and stable operation in actual production. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a design method and system for a double-sided photovoltaic tracking system based on fuzzy control, which are used to solve the technical problems of being unable to accurately track the position of the sun and to predict the working status of photovoltaic components in real time.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a design method for a double-sided photovoltaic tracking system based on fuzzy control, comprising:

[0007] Establish irradiance model and temperature prediction model for photovoltaic modules;

[0008] The first output of the irradiance model and the second output of the temperature prediction model are used as inputs of a preset fuzzy controller, and the fuzzy controller outputs a target tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel according to a preset fuzzy control rule;

[0009] A photovoltaic system tracking bracket is modeled to obtain a photovoltaic tracking system model, and the photovoltaic tracking system model is controlled according to the target tilt angle.

[0010] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a design system for a double-sided photovoltaic tracking system based on fuzzy control, comprising:

[0011] A building module configured to establish an irradiance model and a temperature prediction model for a photovoltaic module;

[0012] An output module is configured to use the first output of the irradiance model and the second output of the temperature prediction model as inputs of a preset fuzzy controller, and the fuzzy controller outputs a target tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel according to a preset fuzzy control rule;

[0013] The control module is configured to model the photovoltaic system tracking bracket to obtain a photovoltaic tracking system model, and control the photovoltaic tracking system model according to the target tilt angle.

[0014] According to a third aspect, an electronic device is provided, comprising: at least one processor, and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor, wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor can perform the steps of the method for designing a double-sided photovoltaic tracking system based on fuzzy control according to any embodiment of the present invention.

[0015] In a fourth aspect, the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein when the program instructions are executed by a processor, the processor executes the steps of the method for designing a double-sided photovoltaic tracking system based on fuzzy control according to any embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] The design method and system of the double-sided photovoltaic tracking system based on fuzzy control of the present application establish an irradiance model and a temperature prediction model of the photovoltaic module; the first output of the irradiance model and the second output of the temperature prediction model are used as the input of a preset fuzzy controller, and the fuzzy controller outputs the target tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel through a preset fuzzy control rule; the photovoltaic system tracking bracket is modeled to obtain a photovoltaic tracking system model, and the photovoltaic tracking system model is controlled according to the target tilt angle, which can effectively improve the energy of the photovoltaic module, reduce the number of motor starts, extend the service life of the photovoltaic tracking bracket, and reduce the electricity cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 A flow chart of a design method of a double-sided photovoltaic tracking system based on fuzzy control provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 A diagram of scattered and horizontal light intensity of a specific embodiment is provided for an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 A photovoltaic power curve diagram using a fixed bracket and fuzzy control is provided for an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 A photovoltaic power curve diagram using a traditional algorithm and a fuzzy control method is provided for an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 A structural block diagram of a design system for a double-sided photovoltaic tracking system based on fuzzy control provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] See also Figure 1 , which shows a flow chart of a design method of a double-sided photovoltaic tracking system based on fuzzy control in the present application.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the design method of the double-sided photovoltaic tracking system based on fuzzy control specifically includes the following steps:

[0027] Step S101, establishing an irradiance model and a temperature prediction model for a photovoltaic module.

[0028] In this step, the expression of the irradiance model is:

[0029] ,

[0030] ,

[0031] ,

[0032] In the formula, is the total irradiance of the photovoltaic cell, is the front irradiance, is a two-sided factor, is the post irradiance, is the diffuse radiation from the back of the photovoltaic cell, is the radiation reflected from the ground, is the diffuse radiation on the horizontal plane, is the distance between the photovoltaic arrays, is the length of the photovoltaic panel, is the angle between the photovoltaic panel and the horizontal plane.

[0033] Among them, calculation The expression is:

[0034] ,

[0035] In the formula, is the ground reflectivity, , , Ground ,ground and ground The view factor of solar radiation on the ground and ground It is the area of ​​the ground that can be directly illuminated by sunlight. is the shadow area on the ground, is the solar incidence angle, is the height of the photovoltaic panel from the ground.

[0036] The expression for the irradiance before calculation is:

[0037] ,

[0038] ,

[0039] ,

[0040] ,

[0041] In the formula, is the direct radiation from the front of the photovoltaic cell, is diffuse radiation, is the ground reflected radiation, is the normal direct radiation, is the diffuse radiation on the horizontal plane, is the solar incidence angle, is the solar irradiance on the ground, is the ground reflectivity, is the height of the photovoltaic panel from the ground.

[0042] It should be noted that the expression of the temperature prediction model is:

[0043] ,

[0044] In the formula, is the heat loss coefficient of the battery cell, is the cell temperature, is the local temperature, is the total irradiance of the photovoltaic cell, is the effective transmittance of sunlight to the cell, is the absorption rate of solar energy by the cell, The efficiency of the cell in converting solar energy into electricity;

[0045] Among them, the expression for calculating the efficiency of the battery cell in converting solar energy into electrical energy is:

[0046] ,

[0047] In the formula, is the battery efficiency under standard test conditions, is the temperature coefficient, is the battery temperature under standard test conditions;

[0048] Among them, the expression for calculating the battery cell temperature is:

[0049] ,

[0050] ,

[0051] ,

[0052] In the formula, is the optimization factor, for The wind speed under the conditions is 1m / s. For forced convection, for The irradiance of the condition, for Battery temperature under conditions, For an ambient temperature of 20°C, for The heat loss coefficient of photovoltaic modules under the conditions, 800 , is the wind speed.

[0053] In a specific embodiment, the output of a photovoltaic cell is closely related to irradiance and temperature; the higher the irradiance, the higher the output; the higher the temperature, the lower the output.

[0054] ,

[0055] ,

[0056] In the formula, is the battery power, is the irradiance under STC conditions, is the influencing factor of battery output power, It is the battery output power under STC conditions.

[0057] Step S102, taking the first output of the irradiance model and the second output of the temperature prediction model as inputs of a preset fuzzy controller, and the fuzzy controller outputs a target tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel according to a preset fuzzy control rule.

[0058] In this step, the first output of the irradiance model and the second output of the temperature prediction model are used as inputs of a preset fuzzy controller, which implements preset fuzzy control rules through fuzzy controller design (including converting the two precise input values ​​of irradiance and temperature into fuzzy sets through membership functions, and formulating a fuzzy rule base based on the relationship between the photovoltaic panel inclination angle and the irradiance and temperature and expert experience or historical data), fuzzy reasoning process (i.e. converting the input irradiance and temperature into membership values ​​of fuzzy sets, and searching for matching rules in the rule base to calculate the output variable - the fuzzy set of the inclination angle) and defuzzification process (using the centroid method to calculate the fuzzy set to obtain the precise value of the target inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel), and finally outputs the target inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel.

[0059] Specifically, first, the fuzzy controller input value is converted into the corresponding fuzzy language variable value through fuzzification. Then, the output fuzzy set is derived through fuzzy logic operation according to the rules in the fuzzy rule base and the input fuzzy set through fuzzy reasoning. Finally, the fuzzy value obtained by fuzzy reasoning is converted into a clear control signal through the centroid method through defuzzification as the input value of the system.

[0060] The input of fuzzy control is solar radiation intensity, wind speed, and temperature. The fuzzy control rules output the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel to achieve the effect of tracking the photovoltaic system. The relationship between the input and output of the fuzzy controller.

[0061] Step S103 , modeling the photovoltaic system tracking bracket to obtain a photovoltaic tracking system model, and controlling the photovoltaic tracking system model according to the target tilt angle.

[0062] In this step, the photovoltaic system tracking bracket (HSATBATA) model includes a horizontal single-axis tracking bracket, a bracket tracking mechanism, a motor drive system, a sensor system, a control system, and a power supply system, and a photovoltaic tracking system model is established. The expression of the photovoltaic tracking system model is:

[0063] ,

[0064] ,

[0065] ,

[0066] In the formula, is the angle between the photovoltaic panel and the horizontal plane, is the azimuth, is the altitude angle, is the solar incidence angle, is the angle between the photovoltaic panel and the installation plane, is the angle between the photovoltaic panel and the horizontal plane.

[0067] Through the above fuzzy control rules and the input of different variables, the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel can be controlled in real time, thereby improving the power generation efficiency and stability of the photovoltaic system and promoting the development and application of renewable energy.

[0068] This application is implemented in the matlab2022a environment, and the design method of the double-sided photovoltaic tracking system based on fuzzy control proposed in this application is verified, and the photovoltaic tracking bracket is compared with the fixed bracket; the conventional photovoltaic tracking algorithm is compared in the optimization method, which reflects the superior performance of this application.

[0069] The simulation parameters are shown in Table 1:

[0070] Table 1:

[0071] ,

[0072] in, is the power at the maximum power point, is the open circuit voltage, is the short-circuit current, is the voltage at the maximum power point, is the current at the maximum power point.

[0073] like Figure 2 It can be seen that the diffuse irradiance of the experimental environment is between 37 and 188 W / m 2 The horizontal irradiance ranges from 54 to 946 W / m 2 between.

[0074] like Figure 3As shown in the figure, it illustrates the comparison of photovoltaic curves using fixed brackets and fuzzy-controlled photovoltaic tracking brackets. The results show that when there is no cloud (6:00-10:00, 14:00-17:00), the power of photovoltaic modules based on fuzzy control is significantly improved compared with fixed brackets. When the sun is blocked by clouds (10:00-14:00), the difference between the output power of the fuzzy control system and the output power of the fixed bracket will decrease. The above experimental results show that in sunny to cloudy weather, the ART system generates 24.0 degrees more electricity than the fixed tilt photovoltaic bracket. The bracket generates 24.0% more electricity.

[0075] Table 2:

[0076] .

[0077] like Figure 4 As shown in Figure 2, the power curves of the traditional algorithm and the fuzzy control method are shown, and the test results of different algorithms are shown in Table 2. It can be calculated that compared with the fixed tilt bracket and the fuzzy control system, the energy is increased by 24.0% and 7.5%, respectively. The fixed tilt bracket and the traditional tracking system increase by 24.0% and 7.5%, respectively. The number of motor starts of the fuzzy control system is 71.7% less than that of the traditional algorithm, which greatly prolongs the service life of the photovoltaic tracking bracket and reduces the cost of electricity.

[0078] In summary, the method of this application models the photovoltaic system tracking bracket (HSATBATA) to accurately describe its motion characteristics and structural characteristics, providing a basis for subsequent control strategies;

[0079] Establish an irradiance model for bifacial photovoltaic modules to accurately calculate the amount of solar radiation received by the photovoltaic modules at different angles and positions, providing a basis for tracking control;

[0080] Establish temperature prediction and power output prediction models for photovoltaic modules to predict the working status and power generation capacity of photovoltaic modules in real time, and provide data support for system optimization control;

[0081] The fuzzy control method is used to optimize the photovoltaic tracking system, and the intelligent control of the photovoltaic tracking system is achieved through fuzzy reasoning and fuzzy decision-making, so that it can automatically adjust the tracking angle and position according to environmental changes and actual needs, thereby maximizing the light receiving efficiency and power generation efficiency of photovoltaic modules.

[0082] See also Figure 5 , which shows a structural block diagram of a design system of a double-sided photovoltaic tracking system based on fuzzy control in the present application.

[0083] like Figure 5 As shown, the design system 200 includes a construction module 210 , an output module 220 and a control module 230 .

[0084] Among them, the construction module 210 is configured to establish an irradiance model and a temperature prediction model of the photovoltaic component; the output module 220 is configured to use the first output of the irradiance model and the second output of the temperature prediction model as inputs of a preset fuzzy controller, and the fuzzy controller outputs the target tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel through a preset fuzzy control rule; the control module 230 is configured to model the photovoltaic system tracking bracket, obtain a photovoltaic tracking system model, and control the photovoltaic tracking system model according to the target tilt angle.

[0085] It should be understood that Figure 5 Modules and references documented in Figure 1 Therefore, the operations and features described above for the method and the corresponding technical effects are also applicable to Figure 5 The modules in it will not be described in detail here.

[0086] In some other embodiments, the embodiments of the present invention further provide a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein when the program instructions are executed by a processor, the processor is caused to execute the design method of a double-sided photovoltaic tracking system based on fuzzy control in any of the above method embodiments;

[0087] As an implementation mode, the computer-readable storage medium of the present invention stores computer-executable instructions, and the computer-executable instructions are configured as follows:

[0088] Establish irradiance model and temperature prediction model for photovoltaic modules;

[0089] The first output of the irradiance model and the second output of the temperature prediction model are used as inputs of a preset fuzzy controller, and the fuzzy controller outputs a target tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel according to a preset fuzzy control rule;

[0090] A photovoltaic system tracking bracket is modeled to obtain a photovoltaic tracking system model, and the photovoltaic tracking system model is controlled according to the target tilt angle.

[0091] The computer-readable storage medium may include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area may store an operating system and an application required for at least one function; the data storage area may store data created according to the use of the design system of the double-sided photovoltaic tracking system based on fuzzy control, etc. In addition, the computer-readable storage medium may include a high-speed random access memory, and may also include a memory, such as at least one disk storage device, a flash memory device, or other non-volatile solid-state storage device. In some embodiments, the computer-readable storage medium may optionally include a memory remotely arranged relative to the processor, and these remote memories may be connected to the design system of the double-sided photovoltaic tracking system based on fuzzy control via a network. Examples of the above-mentioned network include, but are not limited to, the Internet, an intranet, a local area network, a mobile communication network, and combinations thereof.

[0092] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 6 As shown, the device includes: a processor 310 and a memory 320. The electronic device may also include: an input device 330 and an output device 340. The processor 310, the memory 320, the input device 330 and the output device 340 may be connected via a bus or other means. Figure 6 In the example, the bus connection is used. The memory 320 is the computer-readable storage medium mentioned above. The processor 310 executes various functional applications and data processing of the server by running the non-volatile software programs, instructions and modules stored in the memory 320, that is, the design method of the double-sided photovoltaic tracking system based on fuzzy control of the above method embodiment is realized. The input device 330 can receive input digital or character information, and generate key signal input related to user settings and function control of the design system of the double-sided photovoltaic tracking system based on fuzzy control. The output device 340 may include display devices such as display screens.

[0093] The electronic device can execute the method provided by the embodiment of the present invention, and has the functional modules and beneficial effects corresponding to the execution method. For technical details not described in detail in this embodiment, please refer to the method provided by the embodiment of the present invention.

[0094] As an implementation mode, the electronic device is applied to a design system of a double-sided photovoltaic tracking system based on fuzzy control, and is used for a client, and includes: at least one processor; and a memory connected to the at least one processor in communication; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor can:

[0095] Establish irradiance model and temperature prediction model for photovoltaic modules;

[0096] The first output of the irradiance model and the second output of the temperature prediction model are used as inputs of a preset fuzzy controller, and the fuzzy controller outputs a target tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel according to a preset fuzzy control rule;

[0097] A photovoltaic system tracking bracket is modeled to obtain a photovoltaic tracking system model, and the photovoltaic tracking system model is controlled according to the target tilt angle.

[0098] Through the description of the above implementation modes, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each implementation mode can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, or of course by hardware. Based on such an understanding, the above technical solution can essentially or in other words be embodied in the form of a software product that contributes to the prior art. The computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc., and includes a number of instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods of each embodiment or some parts of the embodiment.

[0099] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A design method for a double-sided photovoltaic tracking system based on fuzzy control, characterized in that: include: An irradiance model and a temperature prediction model of a photovoltaic module are established, wherein the expression of the irradiance model is: ， ， ， In the formula, is the total irradiance of the photovoltaic cell, is the front irradiance, is a two-sided factor, is the post irradiance, is the diffuse radiation from the back of the photovoltaic cell, is the radiation reflected from the ground, is the diffuse radiation on the horizontal plane, is the distance between the photovoltaic arrays, is the length of the photovoltaic panel, is the angle between the photovoltaic panel and the horizontal plane; The expression of the temperature prediction model is: ， In the formula, is the heat loss coefficient of the battery cell, is the cell temperature, is the local temperature, is the total irradiance of the photovoltaic cell, is the effective transmittance of sunlight to the cell, is the absorption rate of solar energy by the cell, The efficiency of the cell in converting solar energy into electricity; Among them, the expression for calculating the efficiency of the battery cell in converting solar energy into electrical energy is: ， In the formula, is the battery efficiency under standard test conditions, is the temperature coefficient, is the battery temperature under standard test conditions; Among them, the expression for calculating the battery cell temperature is: ， ， ， In the formula, is the optimization factor, is the wind speed under the condition, For forced convection, is the irradiance, is the battery temperature under the condition, is the ambient temperature, The heat loss coefficient of the photovoltaic module under the condition is is the wind speed; The first output of the irradiance model and the second output of the temperature prediction model are used as inputs of a preset fuzzy controller, and the fuzzy controller outputs a target tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel according to a preset fuzzy control rule; A photovoltaic system tracking bracket is modeled to obtain a photovoltaic tracking system model, and the photovoltaic tracking system model is controlled according to the target tilt angle.

2. The design method of a double-sided photovoltaic tracking system based on fuzzy control according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in, calculate The expression is: ， In the formula, is the ground reflectivity, , , Ground ,ground and ground The view factor of solar radiation on the ground and ground It is the area of ​​the ground that can be directly illuminated by sunlight. is the shadow area on the ground, is the solar incidence angle, is the height of the photovoltaic panel from the ground.

3. The design method of a double-sided photovoltaic tracking system based on fuzzy control according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The expression for the irradiance before calculation is: ， ， ， ， In the formula, is the direct radiation from the front of the photovoltaic cell, is diffuse radiation, is the ground reflected radiation, is the normal direct radiation, is the diffuse radiation on the horizontal plane, is the solar incidence angle, is the solar irradiance on the ground, is the ground reflectivity, is the height of the photovoltaic panel from the ground.

4. The design method of a double-sided photovoltaic tracking system based on fuzzy control according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The expression of the photovoltaic tracking system model is: ， ， ， In the formula, is the angle between the photovoltaic panel and the horizontal plane, is the azimuth, is the altitude angle, is the solar incidence angle, is the angle between the photovoltaic panel and the installation plane, is the angle between the photovoltaic panel and the horizontal plane.

5. A design system for a double-sided photovoltaic tracking system based on fuzzy control, the design system being used to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The design system includes: A building module configured to establish an irradiance model and a temperature prediction model for a photovoltaic module; An output module is configured to use the first output of the irradiance model and the second output of the temperature prediction model as inputs of a preset fuzzy controller, and the fuzzy controller outputs a target tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel according to a preset fuzzy control rule; The control module is configured to model the photovoltaic system tracking bracket to obtain a photovoltaic tracking system model, and control the photovoltaic tracking system model according to the target tilt angle.

6. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: At least one processor, and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor, wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the method described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

7. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the program is executed by a processor, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is implemented.

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