Hydrogen and oxygen eliminating fuel cell device and hydrogen and oxygen eliminating method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, and provides a hydrogen and oxygen eliminating fuel cell device and a hydrogen and oxygen eliminating method thereof.The hydrogen and oxygen eliminating fuel cell device comprises a shell, a fuel cell assembly, a hydrogen and oxygen eliminating assembly and a gas flowing assembly. The gas flow assembly is adopted to drive gas in the shell to flow, the gas dispersion uniformity is improved, hydrogen and oxygen are circularly eliminated through the hydrogen and oxygen elimination assembly, and the hydrogen and oxygen elimination device has the advantages of being high in elimination efficiency, simple in structure and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of fuel cells, and in particular to a hydrogen and oxygen removal fuel cell device and a hydrogen and oxygen removal method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As a power system device, hydrogen fuel cells have the advantages of high efficiency, clean and pollution-free, small size and light weight, etc. They can meet the needs of long-range driving and are widely used in automobiles, airplanes, ships, underwater submersibles, space stations and other fields. Among them, in order to maintain a high working efficiency during operation, hydrogen fuel cells need to perform intermittent tail exhaust to discharge hydrogen and oxygen in the hydrogen fuel cell into the environment outside the system. However, hydrogen is a flammable substance and oxygen is an efficient combustion aid. Exposing them to the same environment at the same time poses extremely high safety risks. Especially in confined environments such as underwater, the limited space and immobility will increase the risk of explosion. Summary of the invention

[0003] Based on this, an embodiment of the present application provides a hydrogen and oxygen removal fuel cell device and a hydrogen and oxygen removal method having high removal efficiency and simple structure.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present application provides a hydrogen and oxygen consuming fuel cell device, the hydrogen and oxygen consuming fuel cell device comprising:

[0005] case;

[0006] A fuel cell assembly, wherein the fuel cell assembly is arranged in the shell, and the fuel cell assembly includes a hydrogen fuel cell, a cathode exhaust pipeline, an anode exhaust pipeline and a cooling water circulation pipeline, wherein the cathode exhaust pipeline is connected to the cathode side of the hydrogen fuel cell, and the gas outlet end of the cathode exhaust pipeline is discharged into the shell, the anode exhaust pipeline is connected to the anode side of the hydrogen fuel cell, and the gas outlet end of the anode exhaust pipeline is discharged into the shell, and the cooling water circulation pipeline is circulated and connected to the hydrogen fuel cell;

[0007] A hydrogen and oxygen removal component, the hydrogen and oxygen removal component comprises a hydrogen exhaust tank, a first heat exchanger, a catalytic hydrogen remover and a gas mixer, the hydrogen exhaust tank, the first heat exchanger and the catalytic hydrogen remover are sequentially arranged on the anode exhaust pipeline along the flow direction of hydrogen, the first heat exchanger is also connected to the cooling water circulation pipeline, the circulating return water in the cooling water circulation pipeline is the heating source of the first heat exchanger, the gas mixer is arranged in the shell, the outlet end of the gas mixer is connected to the anode exhaust pipeline between the hydrogen exhaust tank and the first heat exchanger, and the gas mixer is used to pass the gas in the shell into the first heat exchanger and the catalytic hydrogen remover through the anode exhaust pipeline;

[0008] A gas flow component is disposed in the shell and is used to drive the gas in the shell to flow.

[0009] In some embodiments, the hydrogen and oxygen removal assembly further includes a cooler, which is connected in parallel to the anode exhaust pipeline on the outlet side of the catalytic hydrogen remover, and is used to cool the gas at the outlet of the catalytic hydrogen remover.

[0010] Optionally, the cooler includes a second heat exchanger disposed on the inner wall of the shell, and a cold source of the second heat exchanger is a medium outside the shell.

[0011] Optionally, the hydrogen and oxygen removal component further includes a water reservoir, which is connected to the cooler and is used to collect condensed water after the gas is cooled.

[0012] In some embodiments, the hydrogen and oxygen removal assembly further includes a first dryer, which is disposed at the gas outlet end of the cathode exhaust pipeline and is used to dry the gas discharged from the cathode exhaust pipeline.

[0013] In some embodiments, the hydrogen and oxygen removal assembly further includes a second dryer, which is disposed at the gas outlet end of the anode exhaust pipeline and is used to dry the gas discharged from the anode exhaust pipeline.

[0014] In some embodiments, the gas flow assembly includes at least a first blower and a second blower, wherein the first blower is disposed at the outlet side of the cathode exhaust line, and the second blower is disposed at the outlet side of the anode exhaust line.

[0015] Optionally, the first fan and the second fan are staggered, and the wind direction of the first fan is opposite to the wind direction of the second fan.

[0016] In some embodiments, the hydrogen and oxygen consuming fuel cell device further comprises a hydrogen concentration sensor, and the hydrogen concentration sensor is located at the gas outlet side of the anode exhaust pipeline.

[0017] In some embodiments, the hydrogen and oxygen consumption fuel cell device is further provided with at least one of a temperature and pressure sensor and a humidity sensor, wherein the temperature and pressure sensor is used to detect the gas temperature and pressure in the shell, and the humidity sensor is used to detect the gas humidity in the shell.

[0018] In some embodiments, the anode exhaust pipeline is provided with an anode tail exhaust valve and a control valve, the anode tail exhaust valve is provided at the air inlet side of the hydrogen exhaust tank, and the control valve is provided at the air outlet side of the hydrogen exhaust tank.

[0019] In some embodiments, a cathode tail exhaust valve is disposed on the cathode exhaust pipeline.

[0020] In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for removing hydrogen and oxygen from the hydrogen and oxygen removal fuel cell device as described in the first aspect, the method for removing hydrogen and oxygen comprising:

[0021] Oxygen in the fuel cell assembly is discharged into the housing through the cathode discharge pipeline, and hydrogen is discharged into the hydrogen discharge tank through the anode discharge pipeline;

[0022] Starting the gas flow component to drive the gas flow in the shell, and starting the gas mixer to pass the gas in the shell into the first heat exchanger to preheat the catalytic dehydrogenator;

[0023] Discharge the hydrogen in the hydrogen discharge tank to the anode discharge pipeline, mix with the gas in the gas mixer and enter the first heat exchanger for heating, and then enter the catalytic hydrogen remover for catalytic reaction to eliminate hydrogen and oxygen;

[0024] The gas in the shell circulates through the first heat exchanger and the catalytic hydrogen remover through the gas mixer to eliminate hydrogen and oxygen in the shell.

[0025] In some embodiments, when the molar concentration of hydrogen in the shell is greater than twice the molar concentration of oxygen, the volume concentration of hydrogen is greater than the first volume concentration of hydrogen, and the pressure rise rate of the pressure in the shell is greater than the first pressure rise rate, the cathode exhaust line is opened to discharge oxygen into the shell, and a catalytic reaction is performed to eliminate hydrogen and oxygen.

[0026] Optionally, the first hydrogen volume concentration is 500ppm~15000ppm.

[0027] Optionally, the first pressure rise rate is 1.0 Pa / min~2.0 Pa / min.

[0028] In some embodiments, when the molar concentration of hydrogen in the shell is less than twice the molar concentration of oxygen, the volume concentration of hydrogen is less than the second volume concentration of hydrogen, and the pressure rise rate of the pressure in the shell is greater than the second pressure rise rate, the anode exhaust line is opened to discharge hydrogen into the shell, and a catalytic reaction is performed to eliminate hydrogen and oxygen.

[0029] Optionally, the second hydrogen volume concentration is 0ppm~1000ppm.

[0030] Optionally, the second pressure rise rate is 1.0 Pa / min~2.0 Pa / min.

[0031] In some embodiments, when the hydrogen volume concentration in the shell is less than a third hydrogen volume concentration, the gas mixer stops operating.

[0032] Optionally, the third hydrogen volume concentration is 0 ppm~200 ppm.

[0033] Compared with the traditional technology, this application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0034] After the gas of the hydrogen and oxygen removal fuel cell device of the present application is discharged from the tail, the gas in the shell is circulated through the first heat exchanger and the catalytic hydrogen remover by using a gas mixer to achieve cyclic hydrogen and oxygen removal, effectively improving the efficiency of hydrogen and oxygen removal. Among them, the heat source in the first heat exchanger adopts the cooling circulating water of the fuel cell to avoid the additional installation of a heater, which not only reduces the power consumption but also simplifies the structure. In addition, the present application sets a gas flow component in the shell to drive the gas flow in the shell, thereby improving the uniformity of gas dispersion, avoiding local aggregation, and improving the elimination efficiency. The present application can be applied to different types of hydrogen fuel cells, whether it is a hydrogen excess type or an oxygen excess type, it can be processed and absorbed, not only can the hydrogen and oxygen in the tail discharge be eliminated, but also the hydrogen and oxygen leaked in the hydrogen fuel cell can be eliminated, with the characteristics of high elimination efficiency and simple structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a hydrogen and oxygen consumption fuel cell device provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 2 This is an AA cross-sectional view of a hydrogen and oxygen consumption fuel cell device provided in one embodiment of the present application, wherein arrows represent the direction of air flow;

[0037] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a hydrogen and oxygen removal process of a hydrogen excess type hydrogen fuel cell provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a hydrogen and oxygen removal process of an oxygen-excess hydrogen fuel cell provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a hydrogen and oxygen removal process for a non-excess hydrogen fuel cell provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0040] Among them, 100-shell; 200-fuel cell assembly; 210-hydrogen fuel cell; 220-cathode exhaust pipeline; 230-anode exhaust pipeline; 240-cooling water circulation pipeline; 250-anode tail exhaust valve; 260-control valve; 270-cathode tail exhaust valve; 300-hydrogen and oxygen removal assembly; 310-hydrogen exhaust tank; 320-first heat exchanger; 330-catalytic hydrogen remover; 340-aerator; 350-cooler; 360-water storage tank; 370-first dryer; 380-second dryer; 400-gas flow assembly; 410-first fan; 420-second fan; 500-hydrogen concentration sensor; 600-temperature and pressure sensor; 700-humidity sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] Below in conjunction with the embodiments and examples, the present application is further described in detail. These embodiments and examples are only used to illustrate the present application and are not used to limit the scope of the present application. The purpose of providing these embodiments and examples is to make the understanding of the disclosure of the present application more thorough and comprehensive. It should also be understood that the present application can be implemented in many different forms, and is not limited to the embodiments and examples described herein. Those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications without violating the connotation of the present application, and the equivalent form obtained also falls within the protection scope of the present application. In addition, in the description below, a large number of specific details are given in order to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the present application. It should be understood that the present application can be implemented without one or more of these details.

[0042] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used herein in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application.

[0043] In this application, "optionally", "optional", and "optional" mean optional or dispensable, that is, any one of the two parallel schemes of "yes" or "no". If multiple "options" appear in a technical solution, unless otherwise specified and there is no contradiction or mutual restriction, each "optional" is independent.

[0044] In this application, the terms "first", "second", etc. in "the first aspect", "the second aspect", etc. are used only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or quantity, nor can they be understood as implicitly indicating the importance or quantity of the indicated technical features. Moreover, "first", "second", etc. only serve the purpose of non-exhaustive enumeration and description, and it should be understood that they do not constitute a closed limitation on quantity.

[0045] In the present application, the technical features described in an open manner include closed technical solutions composed of the listed features, and also include open technical solutions containing the listed features.

[0046] In the present application, when it comes to a numerical interval (i.e., a numerical range), unless otherwise specified, the distribution of the optional numerical values ​​in the numerical interval is considered to be continuous, and includes the two numerical endpoints (i.e., the minimum and maximum values) of the numerical interval, and each numerical value between the two numerical endpoints. Unless otherwise specified, when the numerical interval only refers to an integer in the numerical interval, it includes the two endpoint integers of the numerical range, and each integer between the two endpoints, which is equivalent to directly listing each integer. When multiple numerical ranges are provided to describe features or characteristics, these numerical ranges can be combined. In other words, unless otherwise specified, the numerical range disclosed in the present application should be understood to include any and all sub-ranges included therein. The "numerical value" in the numerical interval can be any quantitative value, such as a number, a percentage, a ratio, etc. "Numerical interval" allows for a broad range of quantitative intervals such as percentage intervals, ratio intervals, and ratio intervals.

[0047] All documents mentioned in this application are cited as references in this application, just as each document is cited as reference separately. Unless they conflict with the application purpose and / or technical solution of this application, the cited documents involved in this application are cited with all contents and all purposes. When the cited documents are involved in this application, the definitions of relevant technical features, terms, nouns, phrases, etc. in the cited documents are also cited. When the cited documents are involved in this application, the examples and preferred methods of the cited relevant technical features can also be incorporated into this application as references, but are limited to the implementation of this application. It should be understood that when the cited content conflicts with the description in this application, the present application shall prevail or be modified adaptively according to the description of this application.

[0048] In traditional technology, the tail gas of hydrogen fuel cells is mostly stored in solid state hydrogen or decomposed by catalytic combustion. Among them, solid state hydrogen storage mostly uses metal hydrogen storage, using certain metals or alloys (such as sodium magnesium alloy, titanium magnesium alloy, etc.) to react with hydrogen to form hydrides. When storing hydrogen, hydrides store hydrogen in solid form. When hydrogen needs to be released, the hydride is decomposed by heating or cooling to release hydrogen. Metal hydrogen storage has the characteristics of high energy density and high safety. It can store more hydrogen in a smaller volume and is relatively stable. However, the cost of hydrogen storage materials is high, and the introduction of hydrogen storage materials will increase the volume and mass of the fuel cell system. In addition, most hydrogen storage materials need to be under specific temperature and pressure conditions to effectively absorb and release hydrogen, which further increases the complexity of the fuel cell system. Catalytic fuel decomposition can decompose hydrogen by catalytic combustion at a lower temperature. However, in actual applications, hydrogen may be mixed with other gases. In the process of catalytic combustion, the impact of gas mixing needs to be considered, and the volume concentration of hydrogen needs to be controlled below 2.5%. In addition, the gas needs to be preheated during the catalytic combustion process, and an additional heater needs to be configured, which increases the complexity of the system. Although the above methods can eliminate tail exhaust hydrogen, none of them treats tail exhaust oxygen. Moreover, if hydrogen is not completely eliminated, it will still cause hydrogen accumulation, posing a safety problem.

[0049] The first aspect of the present application provides a hydrogen and oxygen consuming fuel cell device, such as Figure 1 As shown, the hydrogen and oxygen removal fuel cell device includes a housing 100 , a fuel cell assembly 200 , a hydrogen and oxygen removal assembly 300 and a gas flow assembly 400 .

[0050] The fuel cell assembly 200 is disposed in the housing 100, and includes a hydrogen fuel cell 210, a cathode exhaust pipeline 220, an anode exhaust pipeline 230, and a cooling water circulation pipeline 240. The cathode exhaust pipeline 220 is connected to the cathode side of the hydrogen fuel cell 210, and the gas outlet end of the cathode exhaust pipeline 220 is discharged into the housing 100, the anode exhaust pipeline 230 is connected to the anode side of the hydrogen fuel cell 210, and the gas outlet end of the anode exhaust pipeline 230 is discharged into the housing 100, and the cooling water circulation pipeline 240 is connected to the hydrogen fuel cell 210 in a circular manner.

[0051] The hydrogen and oxygen removal assembly 300 includes a hydrogen discharge tank 310, a first heat exchanger 320, a catalytic hydrogen remover 330 and a gas mixer 340. The hydrogen discharge tank 310, the first heat exchanger 320 and the catalytic hydrogen remover 330 are sequentially arranged on the anode exhaust pipeline 230 along the flow direction of hydrogen. The first heat exchanger 320 is also connected to the cooling water circulation pipeline 240. The circulating return water in the cooling water circulation pipeline 240 is the heating source of the first heat exchanger 320. The gas mixer 340 is arranged in the shell 100. The outlet end of the gas mixer 340 is connected to the anode exhaust pipeline 230 between the hydrogen discharge tank 310 and the first heat exchanger 320. The gas mixer 340 is used to pass the gas in the shell 100 through the anode exhaust pipeline 230 into the first heat exchanger 320 and the catalytic hydrogen remover 330.

[0052] The gas flow component 400 is disposed in the housing 100 to drive the gas flow in the housing 100 .

[0053] After the gas of the fuel cell device for removing hydrogen and oxygen in the present application is discharged from the tail, the gas mixer 340 is used to circulate the gas in the shell 100 through the first heat exchanger 320 and the catalytic dehydrogenator 330 to achieve cyclic dehydrogenation and deoxygenation, effectively improving the efficiency of dehydrogenation and deoxygenation. Among them, the heat source in the first heat exchanger 320 adopts the cooling circulating water of the fuel cell to avoid the additional heater, which not only reduces the power consumption but also simplifies the structure. In addition, the present application sets a gas flow component 400 in the shell 100 to drive the gas flow in the shell 100, thereby improving the uniformity of gas dispersion, avoiding local aggregation, and improving the elimination efficiency. The present application can be applied to different types of hydrogen fuel cells 210, whether it is a hydrogen excess type or an oxygen excess type, it can be processed and absorbed, not only can the hydrogen and oxygen in the tail discharge be eliminated, but also the hydrogen and oxygen leaked in the hydrogen fuel cell 210 can be eliminated, with the characteristics of high elimination efficiency and simple structure.

[0054] The hydrogen and oxygen leaking from the hydrogen fuel cell may be leaked from the connecting pipeline, or may be leaked from the hydrogen storage unit, the hydrogen supply unit, the oxygen storage unit or the oxygen supply unit.

[0055] It is understandable that the catalytic hydrogen remover 330 in the present application only needs to be able to satisfy the catalytic reaction between hydrogen and oxygen.

[0056] In some embodiments, the hydrogen fuel cell 210 of the present application may be a hydrogen excess type hydrogen fuel cell or an oxygen excess type hydrogen fuel cell, or a non-excess type hydrogen fuel cell. The hydrogen excess type refers to a ratio of hydrogen emission to oxygen emission in the tail exhaust of greater than 2:1, and the oxygen excess type refers to a ratio of hydrogen emission to oxygen emission in the tail exhaust of less than 2:1.

[0057] In some embodiments, the dehydrogenation and deoxygenation assembly 300 further includes a cooler 350, which is connected in parallel to the anode exhaust pipeline 230 on the outlet side of the catalytic dehydrogenator 330, and the cooler 350 is used to cool the gas at the outlet of the catalytic dehydrogenator 330. Optionally, the cooler 350 includes a second heat exchanger disposed on the inner wall of the shell 100, and the cold source of the second heat exchanger is the medium outside the shell 100. It is understandable that the cooler 350 in the present application can be enabled according to actual needs, for example, the cooler 350 can be connected in parallel to the anode exhaust pipeline 230, and the gas can flow through the cooler 350 by adjusting the valve when it is needed.

[0058] In the present application, a cooler 350 is provided. When a large amount of hydrogen is processed, the outlet gas of the catalytic dehydrogenator 330 needs to be cooled before being discharged. The present application uses the medium outside the housing 100 as a cold source. For example, if the fuel cell device is applied underwater, the medium outside the housing 100 can be water. This further avoids the need for an additional cooler in the fuel cell device, reduces power consumption, and further reduces the overall structural complexity of the device.

[0059] Optionally, the hydrogen and oxygen removal component 300 further includes a water reservoir 360 , which is connected to the cooler 350 , and is used to collect condensed water after the gas is cooled.

[0060] In some embodiments, the hydrogen and oxygen removal assembly 300 further includes a first dryer 370 . The first dryer 370 is disposed at the gas outlet end of the cathode exhaust pipeline 220 and is used to dry the gas discharged from the cathode exhaust pipeline 220 .

[0061] In some embodiments, the hydrogen and oxygen removal assembly 300 further includes a second dryer 380 , which is disposed at the gas outlet end of the anode exhaust pipeline 230 and is used to dry the gas discharged from the anode exhaust pipeline 230 .

[0062] The present application dries the tail exhaust gas to prevent water vapor from gathering in the housing 100 and affecting the humidity in the housing 100 and the operation of the equipment.

[0063] In some embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, the gas flow component 400 at least includes a first fan 410 and a second fan 420. The first fan 410 is arranged at the outlet side of the cathode exhaust pipeline 220, and the second fan 420 is arranged at the outlet side of the anode exhaust pipeline 230. It can be understood that the gas flow component 400 in the present application can also adopt other forms of fans or blowers, such as an axial flow fan, which can drive the gas flow in the housing 100.

[0064] Alternatively, Figure 2As shown, the first fan 410 and the second fan 420 are staggered, and the wind direction of the first fan 410 is opposite to the wind direction of the second fan 420 .

[0065] The present application provides a first fan 410 and a second fan 420 to disperse the gas after the tail exhaust and mix it evenly in the housing 100, thereby avoiding local accumulation of gas on the one hand and improving the accuracy of gas concentration detection on the other hand.

[0066] In some embodiments, the hydrogen and oxygen consuming fuel cell device further includes a hydrogen concentration sensor 500 , which is located at the outlet side of the anode exhaust pipeline 230 .

[0067] In some embodiments, the hydrogen and oxygen consumption fuel cell device is further provided with at least one of a temperature and pressure sensor 600 and a humidity sensor 700 . The temperature and pressure sensor 600 is used to detect the gas temperature and pressure in the shell 100 , and the humidity sensor 700 is used to detect the gas humidity in the shell 100 .

[0068] In some embodiments, the anode exhaust pipeline 230 is provided with an anode tail exhaust valve 250 and a control valve 260, wherein the anode tail exhaust valve 250 is provided at the air inlet side of the hydrogen exhaust tank 310, and the control valve 260 is provided at the air outlet side of the hydrogen exhaust tank 310. In the present application, the hydrogen discharged from the tail exhaust is first stored in the hydrogen exhaust tank 310, and the control valve 260 is used to adjust the hydrogen release speed to ensure the elimination efficiency of the hydrogen and oxygen elimination component 300. It is understandable that the present application does not require the type of the control valve 260, and it is sufficient to meet the function of slowly releasing hydrogen.

[0069] In some embodiments, a cathode tail exhaust valve 270 is disposed on the cathode exhaust pipeline 220 .

[0070] The second aspect of the present application provides a method for removing hydrogen and oxygen from the fuel cell device for removing hydrogen and oxygen as in the first aspect, the method for removing hydrogen and oxygen comprising:

[0071] Oxygen in the fuel cell assembly 200 is discharged into the housing 100 through the cathode discharge pipeline 220, and hydrogen is discharged into the hydrogen storage tank 310 through the anode discharge pipeline 230;

[0072] The gas flow component 400 is started to drive the gas flow in the shell 100, and the gas mixer 340 is started to pass the gas in the shell 100 into the first heat exchanger 320 to preheat the catalytic dehydrogenator 330;

[0073] The hydrogen in the hydrogen exhaust tank 310 is discharged to the anode exhaust pipeline 230, and mixed with the gas in the gas mixer 340, enters the first heat exchanger 320 for heating, and then enters the catalytic hydrogen remover 330 for catalytic reaction to eliminate hydrogen and oxygen;

[0074] The gas in the shell 100 circulates through the first heat exchanger 320 and the catalytic hydrogen remover 330 via the gas mixer 340 to eliminate hydrogen and oxygen in the shell 100.

[0075] In some embodiments, when the temperature of the catalytic dehydrogenator 330 meets the use temperature, the tail exhaust hydrogen is released from the exhaust hydrogen storage tank 310. It is understandable that when the catalytic dehydrogenator 330 is preheated to the use temperature and then the hydrogen is released, the catalytic dehydrogenator 330 can be activated and the hydrogen treatment efficiency can be effectively improved. Furthermore, the use temperature of the catalytic dehydrogenator 330 in the present application should be reasonably selected according to different catalytic dehydrogenators 330.

[0076] In some embodiments, when the molar concentration of hydrogen in the shell 100 is greater than twice the molar concentration of oxygen, the volume concentration of hydrogen is greater than the first volume concentration of hydrogen, and the pressure rise rate of the pressure in the shell 100 is greater than the first pressure rise rate, the cathode exhaust line 220 is opened to discharge oxygen into the shell 100, and a catalytic reaction is performed to eliminate hydrogen and oxygen.

[0077] Optionally, the first hydrogen volume concentration is 500ppm~15000ppm, for example, it can be 500ppm, 1000ppm, 2000ppm, 3000ppm, 4000ppm, 5000ppm, 6000ppm, 7000ppm, 8000ppm, 9000ppm, 10000ppm, 11000ppm, 12000ppm, 13000ppm, 14000ppm or 15000ppm.

[0078] Optionally, the first pressure rise rate is 1.0 Pa / min to 2.0 Pa / min. In the present application, the first pressure rise rate refers to the pressure rise in the housing 100 at 0° C. excluding the influence of temperature.

[0079] It should be noted that the pressure rise rate of the pressure in the shell 100 in the present application refers to the pressure change without considering the influence of temperature. Specifically, the temperature T0 and pressure P0 in the shell 100 before the operation of the hydrogen and oxygen removal component 300 are taken as the starting point, and the temperature T and pressure value P during the detection are taken as the end time point. The pressure rise rate value under standard conditions excluding the temperature influence factor is calculated by the ideal state gas equation to realize the pressure increase of gas tail exhaust, accumulation of impurity gas in the gas source, and pipeline leakage.

[0080] Specifically, Figure 3 As shown, a method for removing hydrogen and oxygen from a hydrogen excess type hydrogen fuel cell 210 is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0081] S1, the hydrogen fuel cell 210 starts to operate and starts tail discharge, the hydrogen from the anode tail discharge enters the hydrogen discharge storage tank 310 through the anode discharge pipeline 230, and the oxygen from the cathode tail discharge enters the housing 100 through the cathode discharge pipeline 220;

[0082] S2, start the gas flow component 400 to drive the gas flow in the shell 100; at the same time, start the gas mixer 340 to make the gas in the shell 100 flow through the first heat exchanger 320 and the catalytic dehydrogenator 330 in sequence to preheat the catalytic dehydrogenator 330;

[0083] S3, after preheating for T1 time, when the temperature of the catalytic dehydrogenator 330 is preheated to the use temperature, the control valve 260 is opened, and the hydrogen enters the first heat exchanger 320 together with the gas in the mixer from the dehydrogenation storage tank 310 for heating, and then enters the catalytic dehydrogenator 330 for dehydrogenation and deoxygenation. After the control valve 260 is opened for T2 time, the hydrogen in the dehydrogenation storage tank 310 is basically released completely, and the control valve 260 is closed;

[0084] S4, detecting the hydrogen concentration in the shell 100, the hydrogen concentration in the shell 100 is greater than the first hydrogen volume concentration n1, and the operation continues for a period of time. After another detection, the hydrogen concentration in the shell 100 is still greater than the first hydrogen volume concentration n1. According to the temperature and pressure detection in the shell 100, the pressure rise rate of the gas in the shell 100 is calculated, and it is determined whether it is greater than the first pressure rise rate; if the pressure rise rate of the gas in the shell 100 is less than or equal to the first pressure rise rate, the hydrogen and oxygen removal is continued for T3 time, and the detection is continued; if the pressure rise rate of the gas in the shell 100 is greater than the first pressure rise rate m1, the cathode tail discharge is opened for T4 time, part of the oxygen is discharged into the shell 100, and the hydrogen and oxygen removal is continued;

[0085] S5. After T5 time, when the hydrogen concentration in the shell 100 is less than the third hydrogen volume concentration n3, and the pressure rise rate of the gas in the shell 100 is less than the first pressure rise rate m, the mixer 340 stops running and stops dehydrogenating and deoxygenating.

[0086] It is understandable that even when the tail exhaust is not in progress, if it is detected that the hydrogen concentration in the shell 100 is high (for example, greater than the first hydrogen volume concentration), the dehydrogenation and deoxygenation treatment can still be performed.

[0087] In some embodiments, when the molar concentration of hydrogen in the shell 100 is less than twice the molar concentration of oxygen, the molar concentration of hydrogen is less than the second hydrogen volume concentration, and the pressure rise rate of the pressure in the shell 100 is greater than the second pressure rise rate, the anode exhaust line 230 is opened to discharge hydrogen into the shell 100, and a catalytic reaction is performed to eliminate hydrogen and oxygen.

[0088] Optionally, the second hydrogen volume concentration is 0 ppm~1000 ppm, for example, it can be 0 ppm, 100 ppm, 200 ppm, 300 ppm, 400 ppm, 500 ppm, 600 ppm, 700 ppm, 800 ppm, 900 ppm or 1000 ppm.

[0089] Optionally, the second pressure rise rate is 1.0 Pa / min to 2.0 Pa / min. In the present application, the second pressure rise rate refers to the pressure rise in the housing 100 at 0° C. excluding the influence of temperature.

[0090] Specifically, Figure 4 As shown, a method for removing hydrogen and oxygen from an oxygen-excess hydrogen fuel cell 210 is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0091] S1, the hydrogen fuel cell 210 starts to operate and starts tail discharge, the hydrogen from the anode tail discharge enters the hydrogen discharge storage tank 310 through the anode discharge pipeline 230, and the oxygen from the cathode tail discharge enters the housing 100 through the cathode discharge pipeline 220;

[0092] S2, start the gas flow component 400 to drive the gas flow in the shell 100; at the same time, start the gas mixer 340 to make the gas in the shell 100 flow through the first heat exchanger 320 and the catalytic dehydrogenator 330 in sequence to preheat the catalytic dehydrogenator 330;

[0093] S3, after preheating for T1 time, when the temperature of the catalytic dehydrogenator 330 is preheated to the use temperature, the control valve 260 is opened, and the hydrogen enters the first heat exchanger 320 together with the gas in the mixer from the dehydrogenation storage tank 310 for heating, and then enters the catalytic dehydrogenator 330 for dehydrogenation and deoxygenation. After the control valve 260 is opened for T2 time, the hydrogen in the dehydrogenation storage tank 310 is basically released completely, and the control valve 260 is closed;

[0094] S4, detecting the temperature and pressure in the shell 100, and calculating the pressure rise rate of the gas in the shell 100. If the pressure rise rate is greater than the second pressure rise rate m2, and the hydrogen concentration in the shell 100 is less than the second hydrogen volume concentration n2 (for example, the hydrogen concentration in the shell 100 is 0), the anode tail discharge is turned on for T6 time, part of the hydrogen is discharged into the shell 100, and hydrogen and oxygen removal is continued for T1+T2 time; if the pressure rise rate is greater than the second pressure rise rate m2, and the hydrogen concentration in the shell 100 is greater than the second hydrogen volume concentration n2, hydrogen and oxygen removal is continued; if the hydrogen concentration in the shell 100 is greater than the first hydrogen volume concentration n1, hydrogen and oxygen removal is continued;

[0095] S5. When the hydrogen concentration in the shell 100 is less than the third hydrogen volume concentration n3, and the pressure rise rate is less than the second pressure rise rate m2, the mixer 340 stops operating.

[0096] It is understandable that even when not exhausting, if it is detected that the hydrogen concentration in the shell 100 is high (for example, greater than the first hydrogen volume concentration) or the pressure rise rate of the gas in the shell 100 is high, hydrogen and oxygen removal treatment can still be performed.

[0097] In some embodiments, when the hydrogen concentration in the housing 100 is less than a third hydrogen volume concentration, the gas mixer 340 stops operating.

[0098] Optionally, the third hydrogen volume concentration is 0 ppm to 200 ppm, for example, 0 ppm, 20 ppm, 40 ppm, 60 ppm, 80 ppm, 100 ppm, 120 ppm, 140 ppm, 160 ppm, 180 ppm or 200 ppm. Further optionally, the third hydrogen volume concentration is less than the second hydrogen volume concentration.

[0099] Specifically, Figure 5 As shown, a method for removing hydrogen and oxygen from a non-excessive hydrogen fuel cell 210 (i.e., the molar ratio of hydrogen to oxygen in the tail exhaust is 2:1) is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0100] S1, the hydrogen fuel cell 210 starts to operate and starts tail discharge, the hydrogen from the anode tail discharge enters the hydrogen discharge storage tank 310 through the anode discharge pipeline 230, and the oxygen from the cathode tail discharge enters the housing 100 through the cathode discharge pipeline 220;

[0101] S2, start the gas flow component 400 to drive the gas flow in the shell 100; at the same time, start the gas mixer 340 to make the gas in the shell 100 flow through the first heat exchanger 320 and the catalytic dehydrogenator 330 in sequence to preheat the catalytic dehydrogenator 330;

[0102] S3, after preheating for T1 time, when the temperature of the catalytic dehydrogenator 330 is preheated to the use temperature, the control valve 260 is opened, and the hydrogen enters the first heat exchanger 320 together with the gas in the mixer from the dehydrogenation storage tank 310 for heating, and then enters the catalytic dehydrogenator 330 for dehydrogenation and deoxygenation. After the control valve 260 is opened for T2 time, the hydrogen in the dehydrogenation storage tank 310 is basically released completely, and the control valve 260 is closed;

[0103] S4. When the hydrogen concentration in the shell 100 is less than the third hydrogen volume concentration n3, the mixer 340 stops operating.

[0104] In summary, this application has at least the following features:

[0105] (1) The present application utilizes cooling water in the hydrogen fuel cell 210 to heat the gas in the housing 100, thereby avoiding the accessory loss caused by the additional heater in the conventional technology. The temperature of the cooling water is 60°C to 75°C, which can heat the gas to 55°C to 65°C, fully meeting the temperature requirements of the catalytic dehydrogenation device. In addition, the medium outside the housing 100 is used as a cold source to cool the gas after catalytic dehydrogenation, thereby avoiding the high temperature problem caused by large-scale dehydrogenation.

[0106] (2) In conventional technology, only the fuel cell is dehydrogenated. For example, the solid-state hydrogen storage method can only absorb hydrogen, but does not eliminate oxygen, resulting in limitations in the dehydrogenation method of the solid-state hydrogen storage method. In the present application, catalytic dehydrogenation is adopted, and hydrogen and oxygen are catalytically eliminated. This can be applied to hydrogen fuel cells 210 of various types and different working conditions. The present application can complete the dehydrogenation and deoxygenation within 5 minutes to 10 minutes after the tail discharge of the hydrogen fuel cell 210.

[0107] (3) The present application can treat hydrogen and oxygen leaked from hydrogen fuel cells in a closed environment as well as hydrogen and oxygen discharged from tail gas, thereby avoiding the safety risks caused by the accumulation of hydrogen concentration in a closed environment. For example, when the closed volume in the shell 100 is 100L, the hydrogen concentration is 15000ppm. After 6 minutes of dehydrogenation and deoxygenation treatment, the hydrogen concentration in the shell 100 returns to 0.

[0108] Therefore, after the gas of the hydrogen and oxygen removal fuel cell device of the present application is discharged, the gas mixer 340 is used to circulate the gas in the shell 100 through the first heat exchanger 320 and the catalytic hydrogen remover 330 to achieve cyclic hydrogen and oxygen removal, effectively improving the efficiency of hydrogen and oxygen removal. Among them, the heat source in the first heat exchanger 320 adopts the cooling circulating water of the fuel cell to avoid the additional heater, which not only reduces the power consumption but also simplifies the structure. In addition, the present application sets a gas flow component 400 in the shell 100 to drive the gas flow in the shell 100, thereby improving the uniformity of gas dispersion, avoiding local aggregation, and improving the elimination efficiency. The present application can be applicable to different types of hydrogen fuel cells 210, whether it is a hydrogen excess type or an oxygen excess type, it can be processed and absorbed, and has the characteristics of high elimination efficiency and simple structure.

[0109] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0110] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be construed as limiting the scope of the application. It should be noted that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A hydrogen and oxygen consuming fuel cell device, characterized in that: The hydrogen and oxygen removal fuel cell device comprises: case; A fuel cell assembly, wherein the fuel cell assembly is arranged in the shell, and the fuel cell assembly includes a hydrogen fuel cell, a cathode exhaust pipeline, an anode exhaust pipeline and a cooling water circulation pipeline, wherein the cathode exhaust pipeline is connected to the cathode side of the hydrogen fuel cell, and the gas outlet end of the cathode exhaust pipeline is discharged into the shell, the anode exhaust pipeline is connected to the anode side of the hydrogen fuel cell, and the gas outlet end of the anode exhaust pipeline is discharged into the shell, and the cooling water circulation pipeline is circulated and connected to the hydrogen fuel cell; A hydrogen and oxygen removal component, the hydrogen and oxygen removal component comprises a hydrogen exhaust tank, a first heat exchanger, a catalytic hydrogen remover and a gas mixer, the hydrogen exhaust tank, the first heat exchanger and the catalytic hydrogen remover are sequentially arranged on the anode exhaust pipeline along the flow direction of hydrogen, the first heat exchanger is also connected to the cooling water circulation pipeline, the circulating return water in the cooling water circulation pipeline is the heating source of the first heat exchanger, the gas mixer is arranged in the shell, the outlet end of the gas mixer is connected to the anode exhaust pipeline between the hydrogen exhaust tank and the first heat exchanger, and the gas mixer is used to pass the gas in the shell into the first heat exchanger and the catalytic hydrogen remover through the anode exhaust pipeline; A gas flow component is disposed in the shell and is used to drive the gas in the shell to flow.

2. The hydrogen and oxygen consuming fuel cell device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen and oxygen removal assembly further includes a cooler, which is connected in parallel to the anode exhaust pipeline on the outlet side of the catalytic hydrogen remover, and is used to cool the gas at the outlet of the catalytic hydrogen remover; Optionally, the cooler includes a second heat exchanger disposed on the inner wall of the shell, and the cold source of the second heat exchanger is a medium outside the shell; Optionally, the hydrogen and oxygen removal component further includes a water reservoir, which is connected to the cooler and is used to collect condensed water after the gas is cooled.

3. The hydrogen and oxygen consuming fuel cell device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen and oxygen removal components meet at least one of the following conditions: (1) The hydrogen and oxygen removal assembly further includes a first dryer, which is disposed at the gas outlet end of the cathode exhaust pipeline and is used to dry the gas discharged from the cathode exhaust pipeline; (2) The hydrogen and oxygen removal assembly further includes a second dryer, which is disposed at the gas outlet end of the anode exhaust pipeline and is used to dry the gas discharged from the anode exhaust pipeline.

4. The hydrogen and oxygen consuming fuel cell device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas flow assembly comprises at least a first blower and a second blower, wherein the first blower is arranged at the gas outlet side of the cathode exhaust pipeline, and the second blower is arranged at the gas outlet side of the anode exhaust pipeline; Optionally, the first fan and the second fan are staggered, and the wind direction of the first fan is opposite to the wind direction of the second fan.

5. The hydrogen and oxygen consuming fuel cell device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen and oxygen consumption fuel cell device also satisfies at least one of the following conditions: (1) The hydrogen and oxygen consuming fuel cell device further comprises a hydrogen concentration sensor, and the hydrogen concentration sensor is located at the outlet side of the anode exhaust pipeline; (2) The hydrogen and oxygen elimination fuel cell device is further provided with at least one of a temperature and pressure sensor and a humidity sensor. The temperature and pressure sensor is used to detect the temperature and pressure of the gas in the shell, and the humidity sensor is used to detect the humidity of the gas in the shell.

6. The hydrogen and oxygen consuming fuel cell device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The fuel cell assembly also satisfies at least one of the following conditions: (1) The anode exhaust pipeline is provided with an anode tail exhaust valve and a control valve, the anode tail exhaust valve is provided on the air inlet side of the exhaust hydrogen storage tank, and the control valve is provided on the air outlet side of the exhaust hydrogen storage tank; (2) A cathode tail exhaust valve is provided on the cathode exhaust pipeline.

7. A method for removing hydrogen and oxygen from a fuel cell device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The hydrogen and oxygen elimination method comprises: Oxygen in the fuel cell assembly is discharged into the housing through the cathode discharge pipeline, and hydrogen is discharged into the hydrogen discharge tank through the anode discharge pipeline; Starting the gas flow component to drive the gas flow in the shell, and starting the gas mixer to pass the gas in the shell into the first heat exchanger to preheat the catalytic dehydrogenator; Discharge the hydrogen in the hydrogen discharge tank to the anode discharge pipeline, mix with the gas in the gas mixer and enter the first heat exchanger for heating, and then enter the catalytic hydrogen remover for catalytic reaction to eliminate hydrogen and oxygen; The gas in the shell circulates through the first heat exchanger and the catalytic hydrogen remover through the gas mixer to eliminate hydrogen and oxygen in the shell.

8. The method for removing hydrogen and oxygen according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the molar concentration of hydrogen in the shell is greater than twice the molar concentration of oxygen, the volume concentration of hydrogen is greater than the first volume concentration of hydrogen, and the pressure rise rate of the pressure in the shell is greater than the first pressure rise rate, the cathode exhaust pipeline is opened to discharge oxygen into the shell, and a catalytic reaction is performed to eliminate hydrogen and oxygen; Optionally, the first hydrogen volume concentration is 500ppm~15000ppm; Optionally, the first pressure rise rate is 1.0 Pa / min~2.0 Pa / min.

9. The method for removing hydrogen and oxygen according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the molar concentration of hydrogen in the shell is less than twice the molar concentration of oxygen, the volume concentration of hydrogen is less than the second volume concentration of hydrogen, and the pressure rise rate of the pressure in the shell is greater than the second pressure rise rate, the anode exhaust pipeline is opened to discharge hydrogen into the shell, and a catalytic reaction is performed to eliminate hydrogen and oxygen; Optionally, the second hydrogen volume concentration is 0ppm~1000ppm; Optionally, the second pressure rise rate is 1.0 Pa / min~2.0 Pa / min.

10. The method for removing hydrogen and oxygen according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that: When the hydrogen volume concentration in the shell is less than a third hydrogen volume concentration, the mixer stops running; Optionally, the third hydrogen volume concentration is 0 ppm~200 ppm.

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