Rotor structure of radial superconducting motor and radial superconducting motor

Abstract

The invention discloses a rotor structure of a radial superconducting motor and the radial superconducting motor, and belongs to the field of motors. A rotor structure of a radial superconducting motor comprises a rotor core and a superconducting magnet. The rotor core comprises a plurality of rotor teeth and a rotor yoke; the rotor teeth are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the rotor core, and all the rotor teeth are the same in structure; and the superconducting magnets are wound on a rotor yoke of the rotor core in a striding manner and are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. The superconducting magnet is wound on the yoke part of the rotor core, so that the utilization rate of the rotor space is improved to increase the number of pole pairs of the motor, the saturation of the iron teeth is reduced, and the power density of the motor is improved. The problems of saturation of iron teeth of the superconducting motor, limitation of the number of pole pairs of the motor and difficulty in improving the power density of the motor due to the fact that a superconducting magnet of the superconducting motor occupies a large circumferential space of the motor are solved. The beneficial effects of improving the power density of the radial superconducting motor, reducing the structural complexity and simplifying the processing flow are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of motors, and more specifically, relates to a rotor structure of a radial superconducting motor and a radial superconducting motor. Background Art

[0002] The aviation industry has difficulty reducing carbon dioxide emissions due to its reliance on high-energy-density fuels. In recent years, the aviation industry has become one of the fastest-growing sources of carbon emissions in the global economy. Aircraft electrification provides an important way for the aviation industry to achieve green development. The electromagnetic performance of current electric propulsion motors is difficult to meet the needs of aircraft engines. Superconducting motors have the advantages of small size, light weight and high efficiency, which provides the possibility of realizing high-power aviation electric propulsion. However, in compact superconducting motors, the circumferential space size of the rotor core is limited, and the volume of the superconducting magnet will limit the improvement of the motor power density, resulting in a decrease in the performance of the superconducting motor. The superconducting motor working in the high temperature zone is more significantly affected.

[0003] At present, superconducting motors use air core structures and pyramid-shaped superconducting magnet structures to improve the power density of superconducting motors. The air core superconducting motor replaces the iron core with non-magnetic materials and air, which will significantly reduce the weight of the superconducting motor and improve the power density of the motor. However, this will lead to a sharp increase in the amount of superconducting tape, which is not favorable for superconducting motors based on the high cost of superconducting tapes. In addition, under the coreless structure, the AC loss of the superconducting tape will be further increased. Due to the existence of the coreless structure, the working current of the superconducting tape is more affected by the background magnetic field, and the critical current will become smaller. The pyramid-shaped superconducting motor transforms the superconducting magnet into a special-shaped structure, using less superconducting tape in exchange for higher electromagnetic loads, thereby improving the power density of the motor. However, this structure makes the processing and manufacturing of superconducting magnets more difficult; the motor has fewer pole pairs, and the end of the winding is used more; the effect of reducing the thickness of the iron yoke to reduce the weight under high electromagnetic loads will also be suppressed by the reduction in the number of pole pairs, which leads to more saturation of the iron yoke.

[0004] At present, the superconducting magnets of superconducting motors occupy a large circumferential space of the motor, causing saturation of the iron teeth of the superconducting motor, making it difficult to increase the number of pole pairs of the motor, and thus making it difficult to increase the power density of the motor. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the defects of the related art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a rotor structure of a radial superconducting motor, aiming to solve the problem that the superconducting magnet of the superconducting motor occupies a large circumferential space of the motor, causing saturation of the iron teeth of the superconducting motor, and it is difficult to increase the pole pair number of the motor, thereby making it difficult to improve the power density of the motor.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned object, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a rotor structure of a radial superconducting motor, comprising: a rotor core and a superconducting magnet;

[0007] The rotor core comprises a plurality of rotor teeth and a rotor yoke; the rotor teeth are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the rotor core, and all the rotor teeth have the same structure;

[0008] The superconducting magnets are wound around a rotor yoke of the rotor core and are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.

[0009] Optionally, the currents flowing through two adjacent superconducting magnets are opposite, so that the magnetic fields generated in two adjacent rotor teeth have opposite polarities.

[0010] Optionally, the superconducting magnet is a racetrack-shaped magnet structure.

[0011] Optionally, each of the superconducting magnets comprises a plurality of superconducting coils and a plurality of heat-conducting plates, and the superconducting coils and the heat-conducting plates are stacked at intervals;

[0012] Each of the superconducting coils is a racetrack-shaped structure.

[0013] Optionally, the superconducting coil is made of high-temperature superconducting tape.

[0014] Optionally, the spacings between the two side surfaces of the superconducting magnet and adjacent rotor teeth are equal.

[0015] Optionally, the inner side surface of the superconducting magnet is at a preset distance from the rotor yoke.

[0016] Optionally, the outer side surface of the superconducting magnet is lower than the tooth end surface of the rotor tooth.

[0017] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a radial superconducting motor, comprising the rotor structure of the radial superconducting motor as described in any one of the first aspects.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the above technical solution conceived by the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. The present invention provides a rotor structure of a radial superconducting motor, which increases the number of pole pairs of the motor by winding a superconducting magnet across the yoke of the rotor core, thereby improving the utilization rate of the rotor space, thereby reducing the saturation of the iron teeth and improving the power density of the motor. The problem that the superconducting magnet of the superconducting motor occupies a large circumferential space of the motor, causing the saturation of the iron teeth of the superconducting motor, the number of pole pairs of the motor is limited, and it is difficult to improve the power density of the motor is solved. The beneficial effects of improving the power density of the radial superconducting motor, reducing the complexity of the structure and simplifying the processing flow are achieved.

[0020] 2. The present invention provides a rotor structure of a radial superconducting motor. The superconducting magnet is formed by stacking a plurality of superconducting coils and a plurality of heat-conducting plates at intervals, and the superconducting coil is formed by high-temperature superconducting tapes. This not only improves the power density of the superconducting motor, but also has a more significant effect on superconducting motors with compact structures and working in high-temperature areas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotor structure of a radial superconducting motor provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the excitation structure of a rotor structure of a radial superconducting motor provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a rotor structure of a radial superconducting motor provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a superconducting magnet in a rotor structure of a radial superconducting motor provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] In the above drawings, the same reference numerals have the same meanings:

[0026] 1. rotor core, 2. superconducting magnet, 3. rotor teeth, 4. rotor yoke, 5. first spacing, 6. second spacing, 7. third spacing, 8. fourth spacing, 9. superconducting coil, 10. heat conducting plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0028] The contents involved in the above embodiment are described below in conjunction with a preferred embodiment.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, a rotor structure of a radial superconducting motor is characterized by comprising: a rotor core 1 and a superconducting magnet 2;

[0030] The rotor core 1 includes a plurality of rotor teeth 3 and a rotor yoke 4; the rotor teeth 3 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the rotor core 1, and all the rotor teeth 3 have the same structure;

[0031] The superconducting magnets 2 are wound around the rotor yoke 4 of the rotor core 1 and are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.

[0032] In the rotor structure of the existing superconducting motor, the superconducting magnets are all wound around the teeth of the rotor core along the circumferential direction, and the utilization rate of the circumferential space is low, so that the number of superconducting magnets in the rotor structure is limited, and the number of magnetic pole pairs formed is small, which limits the power density of the superconducting motor. In the scheme of the present application, by winding the superconducting magnet 2 across the rotor yoke 4 of the rotor core 1 and winding it in the axial direction, the winding direction of the superconducting magnet 2 is changed, thereby improving the utilization rate of the rotor space to increase the number of pole pairs of the motor, thereby reducing the saturation of the iron teeth, reducing the thickness of the stator and rotor yoke of the motor, reducing the length of the copper winding end, and improving the power density of the motor.

[0033] In the electromagnetic structure of the superconducting motor, the superconducting magnet is wound on the rotor yoke 4 of the rotor core, and the direction of the magnetic field generated by the superconducting magnet flows along the rotor yoke 4 of the motor. The rotor teeth 3 are made of magnetic conductive materials to guide the magnetic field into the stator and rotor air gaps of the motor, thereby realizing the electromagnetic coupling of the stator and rotor magnetic fields. The rotor teeth 3 are made of magnetic conductive materials to guide the magnetic field of the rotor and reduce the leakage magnetic field flowing through the inside of the rotor. The rotor teeth 3 are arranged at equal intervals in space to make the magnetic field in the stator and rotor air gaps symmetrical, reducing the harmonic content of the air gap magnetic field of the motor and the vibration noise of the motor.

[0034] Optionally, the currents flowing through two adjacent superconducting magnets 2 are opposite, and the magnetic fields generated in two adjacent rotor teeth 3 have opposite polarities.

[0035] like Figure 2 , reverse excitation currents are passed through adjacent superconducting magnets 2 to generate reverse magnet polarity. Since the directions of the magnetic fields of adjacent superconducting magnets 2 are opposite at the rotor teeth, the magnetic lines of force will enter the air gap of the motor along the rotor teeth to form an excitation magnetic field. Since the polarities of adjacent superconducting magnets 2 are opposite, the rotor teeth are arranged with N poles and S poles in an alternating manner.

[0036] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, optionally, the superconducting magnet 2 is a racetrack-shaped magnet structure.

[0037] The magnet winding of the racetrack-shaped magnet structure is simple and the processing technology is mature; the racetrack-shaped magnet structure has good mechanical and thermal properties, which is conducive to the safe and stable operation of the superconducting coil. The racetrack-shaped magnet structure has a higher degree of matching with the motor in structure and performance, and its magnet utilization rate is higher.

[0038] Optionally, each of the superconducting magnets 2 includes a plurality of superconducting coils 9 and a plurality of heat-conducting plates 10, and the superconducting coils 9 and the heat-conducting plates 10 are alternately stacked;

[0039] Each of the superconducting coils 9 is a racetrack-shaped structure.

[0040] Optionally, the superconducting coil 9 is made of high-temperature superconducting tape.

[0041] Since there is a large interlayer attraction between the double-layer superconducting coils 9, the interlayer can be used to support the superconducting coils 9; at the same time, the interlayer is a heat-conducting plate 10, which can be made of high thermal conductivity materials, such as copper, to increase the thermal conductivity between different layers of the superconducting coils 9, which is helpful for the cooling and heat conduction of the superconducting coils 9. Compared with low-temperature superconducting tapes, high-temperature superconducting tapes have higher flow capacity at the same temperature; high-temperature superconducting tapes can maintain superconducting properties in a higher temperature range, and the use of high-temperature superconducting tapes can effectively reduce cooling costs.

[0042] Optionally, the distances between the two side surfaces of the superconducting magnet 2 and the adjacent rotor teeth 3 are equal.

[0043] Optionally, the inner side surface of the superconducting magnet 2 is at a preset distance from the rotor yoke 4 .

[0044] like Figure 3 As shown, the spacing between the two side surfaces of the superconducting magnet 2 and the adjacent rotor teeth 3 is a first spacing 5 and a second spacing 6, and the first spacing 5 and the second spacing 6 are equal; the spacing between the inner side surface of the superconducting magnet 2 and the rotor yoke 4 is a third spacing 7, referring to Figure 3 The superconducting magnet 2 is wound around the surface of the rotor yoke 4, and the surface close to the surface of the rotor yoke 4 is called the inner side surface. The distances between the two inner side surfaces and the inner and outer surfaces of the rotor yoke 4 are both the third spacing.

[0045] Various components may be arranged within the first spacing 5 , the second spacing 6 and the third spacing 7 , including but not limited to a supporting plate for placing the superconducting magnet 2 , a cooling channel, a magnetic path guide, etc.

[0046] Optionally, the outer side surface of the superconducting magnet 2 is lower than the tooth end surface of the rotor tooth 3 .

[0047] Reference Figure 3 There is a fourth spacing 8 between the superconducting magnet 2 and the rotor tooth 3 in the radial space. The distance of the fourth spacing 8 is the distance that the outer side surface of the superconducting magnet 2 is lower than the tooth end surface of the rotor tooth 3; the fourth spacing 8 can be provided with supporting pressure plates including but not limited to the superconducting magnet 2.

[0048] The support plate can be used for the structural support of the superconducting magnet to keep the superconducting magnet fixed; the support structure can enhance the stress characteristics of the superconducting coil and prevent stress peeling problems in the superconducting coil; the support plate can enhance the safety and stability of the operation of the superconducting magnet and ensure the safe and stable operation of the superconducting motor.

[0049] The cooling channel can be used to cool the superconducting magnet so that the superconducting magnet works at a required ambient temperature, prevents the superconducting magnet from quenching, and ensures the safe and stable operation of the superconducting magnet.

[0050] The magnetic path guide can be used to guide the magnetic field distribution around the superconducting magnet and reduce the amplitude of the vertical magnetic field to which the superconducting magnet is subjected. Since the superconducting magnet is more affected by the vertical magnetic field, the use of the magnetic path guide can improve the influence of the space background magnetic field on the superconducting magnet, increase its critical current, and reduce its AC loss.

[0051] In the embodiment of the present invention, the superconducting magnet is wound across the rotor yoke of the rotor core, thereby improving the utilization rate of the rotor space to increase the number of pole pairs of the motor, thereby reducing the saturation of the iron teeth and improving the power density of the motor. The superconducting magnet is arranged by stacking multiple superconducting coils and multiple layers of heat conducting plates, and the superconducting coil is made of high-temperature superconducting tape, which not only improves the power density of the superconducting motor, but also has a more significant effect on the superconducting motor with a compact structure and working in a high temperature zone.

[0052] On the basis of the above embodiments, the present invention further provides a radial superconducting motor, comprising the rotor structure of the radial superconducting motor as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0053] The radial superconducting motor provided by this solution has the beneficial effects of simple structure, convenient processing and high power density.

[0054] It will be easily understood by those skilled in the art that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rotor structure of a radial superconducting motor, characterized in that: include: A rotor core (1) and a superconducting magnet (2); The rotor core (1) comprises a plurality of rotor teeth (3) and a rotor yoke (4); the rotor teeth (3) are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the rotor core (1), and all the rotor teeth (3) have the same structure; The superconducting magnets (2) are wound around the rotor yoke (4) of the rotor core (1) and are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.

2. The rotor structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The currents flowing through two adjacent superconducting magnets (2) are opposite to each other, and the magnetic fields generated in two adjacent rotor teeth (3) have opposite polarities.

3. The rotor structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The superconducting magnet (2) is a racetrack-shaped magnet structure.

4. The rotor structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each of the superconducting magnets (2) comprises a plurality of superconducting coils (9) and a plurality of heat-conducting plates (10), wherein the superconducting coils (9) and the heat-conducting plates (10) are arranged in an alternately stacked manner; Each of the superconducting coils (9) is a racetrack-shaped structure.

5. The rotor structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The superconducting coil (9) is made of high-temperature superconducting tape.

6. The rotor structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distances between the two side surfaces of the superconducting magnet (2) and the adjacent rotor teeth (3) are equal.

7. The rotor structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner side surface of the superconducting magnet (2) is at a preset distance from the rotor yoke (4).

8. The rotor structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side surface of the superconducting magnet (2) is lower than the tooth end surface of the rotor tooth (3).

9. A radial superconducting motor, characterized in that: A rotor structure comprising the radial superconducting motor according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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