Electric machine for driving motor vehicle
By designing ventilation elements with large volume collection chambers and multiple output ends in the motor, combined with wire mesh plugs and funnel oil condensing elements, the risk of foreign objects entering the motor and frequent maintenance of ventilation equipment is solved, and adaptive pressure is achieved Balance and ventilation effects.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202410742739.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2023-06-16
- Filing Date
- 2024-06-11
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-17
AI Technical Summary
When the prior art realizes pressure balance between the internal and external environment of the motor, there is a risk of foreign objects (such as water, steam, and oil mist) entering the motor, and ventilation equipment is frequently maintained or easily disturbed, making it difficult to achieve effective pressure balance and ventilation. .
Design a ventilation element, including a large volume collection chamber and multiple output ends, through the special shape of the collection chamber and the arrangement of the output ends, foreign matters are prevented from entering the motor, and the oil mist is separated by wire mesh plugs and funnel oil condensation elements. , realize adaptive ventilation and pressure balance.
Effectively prevent foreign objects from entering the motor, reduce maintenance needs, improve the durability and anti-interference ability of ventilation equipment, and ensure the pressure balance and cleanliness of the motor during operation.
Smart Images
Figure CN119154576A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to an electric machine for driving a motor vehicle. Background Art
[0002] The electric motors used to drive motor vehicles heat up and cool down again. In this case, the volume of air enclosed in the interior of the motor and expanding or contracting due to different temperatures can cause undesirable pressure changes in the interior of the motor. There is therefore a need to provide a pressure balance between the interior of the motor and the external environment of the motor. Different solutions are known from the prior art in order to achieve pressure balance. In the case of hose ventilation, additional costs are incurred here due to the laying of hose elements in the drying chamber. If the drying chamber is formed by the driver's cab, this solution cannot work without odor in the space used. In the alternative membrane solution, oil droplets can clog the micropores in the membrane over time, so that this solution cannot be adapted without maintenance. In the case of a simple ventilation element with rain protection and a screen, there is a risk of pressurized water entering the interior of the motor.
[0003] If the electric machine has an oil sump for lubricating and / or cooling its components, the problem may arise that the openings for pressure compensation are exposed to oil mist from the inside and water or steam from the outside. In this case, water or steam must not enter the interior of the electric machine, while oil mist or its oil components must not enter the environment or surroundings outside the electric machine.
[0004] US 2003 / 0098204 A1 discloses a ventilation device for a drive train of an electric vehicle, the electric vehicle having an electric motor and a transmission connected to the electric motor. The ventilation device includes a ventilation chamber, which is arranged above a connecting section connecting the electric motor housing and the transmission housing. In addition, the ventilation device also includes a first ventilation channel and a second ventilation channel, the first ventilation channel establishing a connection between the ventilation chamber and the inner side of the electric motor housing, and the second ventilation channel establishing a connection between the ventilation chamber and a lubricating oil separation chamber constructed in the transmission housing.
[0005] Furthermore, JP 2013-177952 A discloses a power transmission device, which comprises an oil-cooled motor with a rotating shaft as an output shaft, to which the power of the motor is transmitted, a transmission, to which the power from the rotating shaft is transmitted, and a housing with a rear support, which is constructed between a motor chamber for accommodating the motor and a transmission chamber for accommodating the transmission. An outlet opening is constructed in the lower part of the transmission housing for accommodating the transmission, so that the transmission chamber is open to the atmosphere. A connecting opening is constructed in the rear support, so that a connection between the motor chamber and the transmission chamber can be realized. Furthermore, a ventilation element is arranged to filter the air flowing through the connecting opening. Summary of the invention
[0006] The object of the invention may be to provide an electric machine with a ventilation device which can ventilate the electric machine particularly effectively and in a simple manner and at least reduce the intrusion of foreign matter. This object is achieved by the subject matter of the independent claims. Advantageous embodiments are the subject matter of the dependent claims, the following description and the drawings.
[0007] According to the invention, it is proposed to mount an element having a cavity, in particular a large volume, on the electric machine, which cavity makes the penetration of pressurized water, water and steam, etc., difficult, in particular due to the shape of the cavity. In this sense, the invention provides an electric machine for driving a motor vehicle. The electric machine comprises: a housing for accommodating a rotor, a stator and a driven shaft of the electric machine; a ventilation element having a collecting cavity, an input end and at least one output end.
[0008] The housing forms an internal space, and air exists within the internal space. When the motor heats up during operation, the air will expand and increase the internal pressure existing in the internal space. The input end of the ventilation element is connected to the internal space of the housing. At least one output end of the ventilation element is connected to the external environment of the motor. The collecting chamber is arranged between the input end and the at least one output end, and is connected to the internal space of the housing via the input end and to the external environment of the motor via the at least one output end. The ventilation element connects the internal space with the external environment of the motor, so that when the internal pressure is higher than the external pressure existing in the external environment, the air is discharged from the internal space via the input end, the collecting chamber and the at least one output end to the external environment. Here, the ventilation element prevents foreign matter that invades the collecting chamber from the external environment of the motor from entering the internal space of the housing via the input end of the ventilation element.
[0009] The feature "connection" is understood in particular to mean that the elements connected to each other are connected to each other in such a way that air can flow from one element to another and vice versa if necessary. In this way, it is particularly possible to achieve pressure balance between the elements connected to each other. Foreign matter can be understood, for example, as solid particles, such as dust. In addition, foreign matter can also be at least partially liquid, for example in the form of rainwater, steam or pressurized water. In the sense of the present invention, ice or snow can also be understood as foreign matter. The ventilation element can realize maintenance-free, adaptive ventilation of the motor with an oil groove. During the entire service life, a maintenance-free function can also be achieved compared to a solution with a diaphragm. In addition, compared with the solution with hose-type ventilation known in the prior art, the ventilation element is easier to install.
[0010] The shape of the collecting chamber can be designed so that the intrusion of, in particular, pressurized water, water and steam, etc. is more difficult. In particular, at least one output end can be arranged in the lower area of the collecting chamber, so that foreign particles that may enter the collecting chamber from the external environment can leave the collecting chamber again due to the influence of gravity. In addition, the collecting chamber can be implemented to be closed laterally and upwardly with respect to the external environment, so that no foreign matter can penetrate into the collecting chamber from the side or from above. This is only possible via at least one output end located in the lower area, thereby preventing most foreign matter from the external environment from entering the ventilation device. In this sense, according to one embodiment, at least one output end is arranged on the lower surface of the collecting chamber, wherein the upper surface and the side surfaces of the collecting chamber are implemented to be closed.
[0011] The input end is preferably arranged in the upper area of the motor, and at least one output end is arranged on the lower surface of the collecting chamber. Thus, the input end is arranged above at least one output end in the vertical direction. As a result, a height difference is obtained between the input end and at least one output end. If, for example, water intrudes into the collecting chamber, the height difference must be overcome before the water reaches the input end leading to the inner space of the housing. In particular, this risk only exists when the collecting chamber is filled to the input end. In particular, due to the large volume design of the collecting chamber, this risk is particularly low. Water that has already intruded into the collecting chamber is often more likely to flow out of the collecting chamber again via at least one output end, rather than accumulating to the height of the input end leading to the inner space of the housing. Thus, this embodiment helps to accommodate a large amount of splashing water in the collecting chamber, and based on the height difference between at least one output end of the collecting chamber and the input end on the motor, the splashing water cannot enter the inner space of the motor.
[0012] The collecting chamber can be a large-volume element (chamber) which makes it difficult for, in particular, pressurized water, water and steam etc. to penetrate into the interior of the housing. Due to the large volume, the electric machine is particularly insensitive to splashing water during driving operation, because a large amount of splashing water can already be received in the collecting chamber before entering the interior of the housing via the inlet. In this sense, it is provided according to one embodiment that the collecting chamber forms a chamber interior whose volume is at least 10% of the volume of the oil present in the interior to be ventilated.
[0013] Water or steam that may penetrate into the collecting chamber can pass through the flow-off portion or the output end and the condensation surface instead of reaching the oil space or the inner space of the housing, but can be separated again. In this sense, according to one embodiment, the collecting chamber has at least one condensation surface and at least one guide rib. Here, water in the steam that penetrates into the collecting chamber condenses on the condensation surface, wherein the condensed water is guided to at least one output end by the guide ribs and flows out of the collecting chamber via the at least one output end.
[0014] By arranging a plurality of outputs (at least two outputs) at spatially separated locations of the unit, the motor is made particularly insensitive to cleaning with water jets. In this case, in particular, water entering at one output can flow away again at another output. In this sense, according to one embodiment, it is provided that the first output is arranged at a first location at the lower surface of the collecting chamber, and the second output is arranged at a second location at the lower surface of the collecting chamber. The first location is spaced apart from the second location. In particular, the first location can be located at one end of the collecting chamber in the horizontal direction of the motor, and the second location can be located at the other end of the collecting chamber.
[0015] According to another embodiment, the ventilation element comprises a first hood-shaped component and a second hood-shaped component, wherein the first hood-shaped component and the second hood-shaped component are fastened to each other in a releasable manner and together form a collecting chamber. The first hood-shaped component can in particular form the lower part of the collecting chamber, in which at least one output end is also arranged. The second hood-shaped component can in particular form the upper part of the collecting chamber. The lower hood-shaped component can also be a fixed component of the housing. The two hood-shaped components according to this embodiment can in particular enable modularization, in particular with regard to the shape and / or size of the collecting chamber.
[0016] In this respect, either of the two hood-shaped components can be replaced in order to achieve different sizes of the interior space of the collecting chamber. In particular, the second hood-shaped component can be replaced, which forms the upper part of the collecting chamber and in which the input end is also arranged. In this sense, according to one embodiment, it is provided that either of the two hood-shaped components can be replaced by an alternative hood-shaped component with a different shape, so that the volume of the interior space of the chamber changes. This embodiment provides an adaptable ventilation element that can be fully integrated with the unit.
[0017] Due to the special shape, the installed ventilation device can occupy unused space within the envelope of the unit. In this sense, according to one embodiment, it is provided that the upper part of the housing has an outer surface, which forms an inwardly directed bulge, wherein the ventilation element is arranged within the bulge.
[0018] In the input end area leading to the inner space of the casing, the ventilation element can have a condensation section including a wire mesh plug, so that the oil mist rising from the inner space is cooled and discharged into the unit again via the funnel-shaped profile of the condensation section. The splashed oil and oil mist are returned to the unit through this separation element and do not enter the environment. In this sense, in one embodiment, the ventilation element has a wire mesh plug and a funnel-shaped oil condensation element, and the funnel-shaped oil condensation element has an upper opening and a lower opening, wherein the lower opening is connected to the input end of the ventilation element, and wherein the upper opening is connected to the collecting chamber. Here, the lower opening of the funnel-shaped oil condensation element has a smaller inner diameter than the upper opening. The wire mesh plug is inserted into the upper opening and is breathable. The oil mist that invades the funnel-shaped oil condensation element from the inner space of the casing is cooled on the inner wall of the funnel-shaped oil condensation element and the wire mesh plug, so that the oil contained in the oil mist condenses, sinks due to gravity, and flows out to the inner space via the input end of the ventilation element.
[0019] The additional integrated labyrinth can act as a dust brake and prevent dust from being deposited on the wire mesh plug. In this sense, according to one embodiment, the ventilation element has a labyrinth structure, wherein the upper opening of the funnel-shaped oil condensing element is connected to the collecting chamber via the labyrinth structure, thereby preventing dust particles entering the collecting chamber from the external environment from reaching the wire mesh plug via the labyrinth structure. In addition, the labyrinth structure forms a further obstacle to the passage of oil from the interior space toward the external environment, thereby making it possible to reliably prevent oil from entering the environment from the interior space of the housing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0020] The following further describes the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with schematic diagrams, wherein the same or similar elements are provided with the same reference numerals.
[0021] Figure 1The motor is shown in a closed embodiment,
[0022] Figure 2 shows a roughly schematic longitudinal section through an exemplary embodiment of an electric machine according to the invention with a ventilation element,
[0023] Figure 3 Shown is the Figure 2 A perspective view of the ventilation element of an electric motor,
[0024] Figure 4 Shows the motor based on Figure 3 A perspective view of the ventilation element,
[0025] Figure 5 Shown according to Figure 3 The ventilation element is located in the direction according to Figure 2 A first sectional view of the interior space of the electric machine in the region of the input end,
[0026] Figure 6 Shown according to Figure 3 The ventilation element is located in the direction according to Figure 2 A second sectional view of the interior space of the electric machine in the region of the input end,
[0027] Figure 7 Shown according to Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of a ventilation element,
[0028] Figure 8 Shown according to Figure 3 Cross-sectional view of a ventilation element having an alternative upper hood-shaped component. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0029] Figure 1 An electric machine 1 is shown, which can be used in a motor vehicle (not shown) to drive the motor vehicle. The electric machine 1 comprises, in particular, a housing 2 , a stator 3 , a rotor 4 and an output shaft 5 , which can rotate about an axis of rotation R.
[0030] The housing 2 forms an inner space 6, in which the stator 3, the rotor 4 and the driven shaft 5 are accommodated. The inner space 6 is implemented to be closed. The lower part 6 of the inner space 6 u The inner space 6 is filled with oil 7, which is used to cool and / or lubricate components of the electric machine 1, for example, to cool the stator 3 and the rotor 4. o When the motor 1 is stopped, it is filled with air. If the motor 1 heats up during operation, the oil 7 and the air also heat up. In this process, the air expands and the internal pressure p in the interior space 6 increases. i In the external environment 9 of the motor 1 there is an external pressure p a , such as atmospheric pressure.
[0031] It is necessary to have a high internal pressure p i The internal space 6 has a lower external pressure p a The pressure is balanced between the external environment 9. This is achieved by the ventilation element 10, which consists of Figures 2 to 8 In addition, the driven shaft 5 rotates during operation of the motor 1. This causes a portion of the oil 7 to swirl and in particular causes the upper part 6 of the motor to o Oil mist 8 is formed in the air, i.e. oil finely atomized in the air. The oil mist 8 or its oil components should not enter the external environment 9 of the electric machine 1 via the ventilation element 10. In the other direction, no foreign matter from the external environment 9 should enter the interior 6 of the electric machine 1 via the ventilation element 10, in particular no dust, rainwater, steam, pressurized water, ice or snow.
[0032] The ventilation element 10 has a collecting chamber 11, an input 12 and, in the illustrated embodiment, a first output 13 and a second output 14. The input 12 of the ventilation element 11 is connected to the interior 6 of the housing 2. The first output 13 and the second input 14 of the ventilation element 10 are connected to the external environment 9 of the motor 1. The collecting chamber 11 is arranged between the input 12 and the two outputs 13, 14. The collecting chamber 11 is connected to the interior 6 of the housing 2 via the input 12. The collecting chamber 11 is connected to the external environment 9 of the motor 1 via the two outputs 13, 14.
[0033] The feature "connected" is understood in particular to mean that the elements that are connected to each other are connected to each other in a communicating manner in such a way that air can flow from one element to the other and vice versa if necessary, so that pressure equalization between the elements that are connected to each other can be achieved. In the present embodiment, the ventilation element 10 connects the interior 6 of the housing 2 to the external environment 9 of the motor 1, so that if the internal pressure p in the interior 6 is i Higher than the external pressure p existing in the external environment 9 a , the air from the interior space 6 is discharged to the external environment 9 via the input end 12, the collecting chamber 11 and the two output ends 13, 14. Foreign matter from the external environment 9 of the motor 1 that may penetrate into the collecting chamber 11 is prevented from entering the interior space 6 of the housing 2 via the input end 12 by the ventilation element 10. Thus, the ventilation element 10 promotes the air flow from the interior space 6 into the external environment 9 in the outward direction, so as to reduce the internal pressure p when the motor 1 is in operation. i At the same time, the ventilation element 10 prevents foreign bodies, such as water or steam, from the external environment 9 from entering the interior space 6 in the inward direction or at least makes it more difficult for them to enter the interior space 6 .
[0034] The collecting chamber 11 comprises an upper surface 15, a side surface 16 and a lower surface 17. Here, the features "upper" and "lower" relate to the vertical direction y of the motor 1, and the feature "lateral" relates to the horizontal direction x of the motor 1 (the rotation axis R of the driven shaft 5 can also extend in this horizontal direction, for example). The upper surface 15, the side surface 16 and the lower surface 17 simultaneously form the outer surface 10 of the ventilation element. The upper surface 15 and the side surface 16 are implemented to be closed outward, that is, in the direction of the external environment 9. Only at the lower surface 17 is the collecting chamber 11 implemented to be open, that is, it is open in the area of the first output end 13 and the second output end 14. In passing through Figure 2 In the embodiment shown, the two output ends 13, 14 are respectively arranged on the outer end sections of a vertical pipe 18, which protrudes downward from the lower surface 17 in the vertical direction y and in particular ends flush or flat with the lower bottom 19 inside the collecting chamber 11. In this way, foreign matter 20 (such as water or steam) cannot penetrate into the collecting chamber 11 via the upper surface 15 and the side surface 16 and thus cannot enter the inner space 6 of the housing 2 via the input end 12.
[0035] Foreign bodies 20 that may enter the collecting chamber 11 via the first outlet 13 and / or the second outlet 14 do not enter the interior 6 of the housing 2 at least directly via the inlet 12. Instead, the foreign bodies 20 are first collected or accumulated in the collecting chamber 11. The collecting chamber 11 is designed with a large volume so that it can accommodate a particularly large number of foreign bodies 20, so that these foreign bodies can be accumulated in the collecting chamber 11 without entering the interior 6 of the housing 2 via the inlet 12. In the illustrated embodiment, the chamber interior 23 of the collecting chamber 11 has a volume that is greater than 10% of the oil volume 7 of the interior 6 to be ventilated.
[0036] The foreign bodies 20 can easily leave the collecting space 11 again via the two outlets 13, 14 in that they sink by gravity in the direction of the lower surface 17 or the bottom 19 and leave the collecting space 11 again via the two vertical pipes 18 and the two outlets 13, 14. This is possible in particular when the foreign bodies 20 are small particles whose size is smaller than the diameter of the pipe 18. Liquid media such as water or water components in steam can sink particularly easily within the collecting space 11 by gravity in the direction of the lower surface 17 or the bottom 19 and flow out of the collecting space 11 via the two vertical pipes 18 and the two outlets 13, 14.
[0037] By arranging the two output ends 13, 14 at spatially separated positions P1, P2 of the ventilation element 10, the motor 1 becomes particularly insensitive to cleaning with a water jet. In particular, water that penetrates at the first output end 13 can flow away again at the second output end 14, and vice versa. Specifically, the first output end 13 is arranged at a first position P1 at the lower surface 17 of the collecting chamber 11, and the second output end 14 is arranged at a second position P2 at the lower surface 17 of the collecting chamber 11. Here, the first position P1 is spaced apart from the second position P2 in the horizontal direction x. In the illustrated embodiment, the first position P1 is located at one end of the collecting chamber 11 in the horizontal direction x, while the second position is located at the other end of the collecting chamber 11.
[0038] The upper opening 30 of the labyrinth structure 33 of the funnel-shaped oil condensing element 29, which is described in further detail below, is connected to the input end 12 leading to the inner area 6 of the housing 2 and is arranged in the area of the upper surface 15, while the two output ends 13, 14 are arranged on the lower surface 17 of the collecting chamber 11. Thus, the upper opening 30 of the labyrinth structure 33 is arranged above the two output ends 13, 14 in the vertical direction y. As a result, a height difference Δh is obtained between the upper opening 30 of the labyrinth structure 33 and the two output ends 13, 14. If, for example, water 20 penetrates into the collecting chamber 11, it must overcome this height difference Δh before it reaches the input end 12 leading to the inner space 6 of the housing 2 via the upper opening 30 of the labyrinth structure 33. However, the water 20 that has penetrated into the collecting chamber 11 is often more likely to flow out of the collecting chamber 11 again via one or both of the output ends 13, 14, rather than accumulating to the height of the upper opening 30 of the labyrinth structure 33. Thus, a particularly large amount of splash water can be accommodated in the collecting chamber 11 and, due to the height difference Δh between the output ends 13 , 14 and the upper opening 30 of the labyrinth structure 33 , only enters the interior 6 of the motor 1 via the input end 12 in very rare cases.
[0039] Figures 3 to 8 Shown for use according to Figure 2 Details of possible ventilation elements 10 of the electric machine 1. For example, according to Figure 7 and Figure 8 It can be seen that the collecting chamber 11 can have a plurality of condensation surfaces 21 and a plurality of guide ribs 22. Here, the water component in the steam that has penetrated the collecting chamber 11 is condensed on the condensation surface 21, wherein the condensed water is discharged to the two output ends 13, 14 ( Figure 3 ) and flows out of the collecting chamber 11 via two output ends 13, 14.
[0040] Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 7 and Figure 8The ventilation element 10 is shown to include a first hood-shaped component 24 and a second hood-shaped component 25, wherein the first hood-shaped component 24 and the second hood-shaped component 25 are releasably fastened to each other and together form a collecting chamber 11. In the embodiment shown, the first hood-shaped component 24 forms the lower part of the collecting chamber 11, in which the two output ends 13, 14 are also arranged. The second hood-shaped component 25 forms the upper part of the collecting chamber 11, in which the upper opening 30 of the labyrinth structure 33 of the funnel-shaped oil condensing element 29 is also arranged, wherein the opening 30 is connected to the input end 12 of the housing 2 leading to the inner area 6 of the housing 2 ... Figure 7 In the illustrated embodiment, the first cover-shaped member 24 is fastened to the housing 2 of the motor 1. The second cover-shaped member 25 is fastened to the first cover-shaped member 24.
[0041] according to Figure 8 , the second hood-shaped component 25 can be replaced with an alternative second hood-shaped component 25', so as to realize different sizes of the inner spaces 23, 23' of the collecting chamber 11. Figure 8 The alternative second hood-shaped component 25' in the example shown is connected to the Figure 7 The second cover-shaped member 25 is larger than that of the second cover-shaped member 25. Figure 8 The alternative cavity interior space 23 'is connected with the Figure 7 The cavity interior space 23 has a larger volume than the cavity interior space 23.
[0042] Figure 4 It is shown that the installed ventilation element can occupy unused space within the envelope of the electric machine 1 due to its special shape. In this case, the upper part of the housing 2 has an outer surface 26 (envelope) which forms an inwardly directed bulge 27. The ventilation element is arranged within the bulge 27 and is fastened to the housing 2 at this location.
[0043] Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8It is shown that the ventilation element 10 can have a wire mesh plug 28 and a funnel-shaped oil condensation element 29 with an upper opening 30 and a lower opening 31 in the region of the input end 12 leading to the interior space 6 of the housing 2, so as to cool the oil mist rising from the interior space 6 and discharge the oil mist into the unit 1 again via the funnel-shaped contour of the oil condensation element 29. The splashed oil and oil mist return to the unit 1 through this separation element 29 and do not enter the environment 9. For this purpose, the lower opening 31 is connected to the input end 12 of the ventilation element 10. Conversely, the upper opening 30 is connected to the collecting chamber 11. Here, the lower opening 31 has a smaller inner diameter than the upper opening 30. The wire mesh plug 28 is inserted into the upper opening 30 and is air-permeable. The oil mist penetrating into the funnel-shaped oil condensing element 29 from the interior space 6 of the housing 2 is cooled on the inner wall 32 of the funnel-shaped oil condensing element 29 and the wire mesh plug 28 , so that the engine oil contained in the oil mist condenses, sinks due to gravity, and flows out into the interior space 6 through the input end 12 of the ventilation element 10 .
[0044] Figure 2 , Figure 5 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 It is shown that the ventilation element 10 can have a labyrinth structure 33. In particular Figure 5 It is shown that in the embodiment shown, the labyrinth structure 33 comprises three sleeves 34 to 36 extending in the vertical direction y. Here, the outer sleeve 34 radially surrounds the middle sleeve 35. The middle sleeve 35 in turn radially surrounds the inner sleeve 36. Here, in the embodiment shown, the radial direction of the sleeves 34 to 36 corresponds to the horizontal direction x. The labyrinth effect is achieved in that, in the vertical direction y, the free end 37 of the outer sleeve 34 overlaps the free end 38 of the middle sleeve 35, and in the vertical direction y, the free end 39 of the inner sleeve 36 extends up to the free end 38.
[0045] The upper opening 30 of the funnel-shaped oil condensing element 29 forms the upper opening 30 of the labyrinth structure 33 and is connected to the collecting chamber 11 via the labyrinth structure 33 (see Figure 7 and Figure 8 ), so that air can continue to flow between the opening and the collecting chamber 11. However, it is prevented or at least hindered that the external environment 9 can flow through the two output ends 13, 14 (see Figure 3 ) The dust particles (not shown) that enter the collecting chamber 11 reach the wire mesh plug 28 via the labyrinth structure 33 and are deposited on the wire mesh plug 28. In addition, the labyrinth structure 33 forms a further obstacle to the flow of oil from the interior space 6 toward the external environment 9, thereby being able to particularly reliably prevent the oil from entering the environment 9 from the interior space 6 of the housing 2.
[0046] Reference numerals list
[0047] Δh height difference
[0048] p a External pressure
[0049] p i Internal Pressure
[0050] Positioning of the first output terminal of P1
[0051] Positioning of the second output terminal of P2
[0052] RRotation axis
[0053] x horizontal direction
[0054] y vertical direction
[0055] 1 Motor
[0056] 2 Chassis
[0057] 3. Stator
[0058] 4 rotors
[0059] 5 driven shaft
[0060] 6. Internal Space
[0061] 6 o The upper part of the interior space
[0062] 6 u The lower part of the interior space
[0063] 7. Oil
[0064] 8 Oil mist
[0065] 9 External Environment
[0066] 10 Ventilation elements
[0067] 11 Collection chamber
[0068] 12 Input terminals
[0069] 13 First output terminal
[0070] 14 Second output terminal
[0071] 15 Upper surface
[0072] 16 Side surface
[0073] 17 Lower surface
[0074] 18 Pipe fittings
[0075] 19Inner bottom
[0076] 20 Foreign matter (water)
[0077] 21 Condensation surface
[0078] 22 guide ribs
[0079] 23 cavity internal space
[0080] 23' Alternative cavity interior space
[0081] 24 first cover-shaped member
[0082] 25 second cover-shaped member
[0083] 25' Alternative second hood-shaped member
[0084] 26 The outer surface of the housing
[0085] 27 arch out part
[0086] 28 Wire Mesh Plug
[0087] 29 Oil condensing element
[0088] 30 upper opening
[0089] 31 Opening
[0090] 32 Inner wall of oil condensing element
[0091] 33 maze structure
[0092] 34 Outer sleeve
[0093] 35 intermediate sleeve
[0094] 36 inner sleeve
[0095] 37 Free end of outer sleeve
[0096] 38 Free end of intermediate sleeve
[0097] 39 Free end of inner sleeve
Claims
1. A motor (1) for driving a motor vehicle, the motor (1) comprising: - a housing (2) for accommodating the rotor (4), the stator (3) and the driven shaft (5), and - a ventilation element (10) having a collecting chamber (11), an input (12) and at least one output (13, 14), in, The housing (2) forms an inner space (6) in which air is present. When the motor (1) heats up during operation, the air expands and the internal pressure (p i )improve, - the input end (12) of the ventilation element (10) is connected to the interior space (6) of the housing (2), - at least one output (13, 14) of the ventilation element (10) is connected to the external environment (9) of the electric machine (1), - the collecting chamber (11) is arranged between the input end (12) and the at least one output end (13, 14) and is connected to the inner space (6) of the housing (2) via the input end (12) and to the external environment (9) of the motor (1) via the at least one output end (13, 14), The ventilation element (10) connects the interior space (6) to the external environment (9) of the motor (1), so that when the internal pressure (p i ) is higher than the external pressure (p a ), air is discharged from the internal space (6) to the external environment (9) via the input end (12), the collection chamber (11) and the at least one output end (13, 14), and The ventilation element (10) prevents foreign matter (20) that penetrates the collecting chamber (11) from the external environment (9) of the motor (1) from entering the inner space (6) via the input end (12).
2. The electric machine (1) according to claim 1, wherein: - the at least one output end (13, 14) is arranged on the lower surface (17) of the collecting chamber (11), and - The upper surface (15) and the side surfaces (16) of the collecting chamber (11) are embodied in a closed manner.
3. The electric machine (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The input (12) is arranged above the at least one output (13, 14).
4. An electrical machine (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: The collecting chamber (11) forms a chamber internal space (23), the volume of which is greater than 10% of the oil volume (7) in the internal space (6).
5. An electrical machine (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: - the collecting chamber (11) has a condensing surface (21) and guide ribs (22), - water in the steam that penetrates the collecting chamber (11) condenses on the condensation surface (21), and - The condensed water is guided toward the at least one output end (13, 14) via the guide ribs (22) and flows out of the collecting chamber (11) via the at least one output end (13, 14).
6. The electric machine (1) according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein: - a first output end (13) is arranged at a first position (P1) on the lower surface (17) of the collecting chamber (11), - a second output port (14) is arranged at a second position (P2) on the lower surface (17) of the collecting chamber (11), and - The first position (P1) is spaced apart from the second position (P2).
7. An electrical machine (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: - the ventilation element (10) comprises a first hood-shaped member (24) and a second hood-shaped member (25), and The first hood-shaped component (24) and the second hood-shaped component (25) are releasably fastened to each other and together form the collecting chamber (11).
8. The electric machine (1) according to claim 7, wherein: Any of the two hood-shaped components (25) can be replaced with an alternative hood-shaped component (25') having a different shape, thereby changing the volume of the cavity interior space (23 / 23').
9. An electrical machine (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: - the upper part of the housing (2) has an outer surface (26) forming an inwardly directed bulge (27), and The ventilation element (10) is arranged within the bulge (27).
10. The electric machine (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: - the ventilation element (10) has a wire mesh plug (28) and a funnel-shaped oil condensation element (29), the funnel-shaped oil condensation element having an upper opening (30) and a lower opening (31), - the lower opening (31) is connected to the input end (12) of the ventilation element (10), - the upper opening (30) is connected to the collecting chamber (11), - the lower opening (31) of the funnel-shaped oil condensing element (29) has a smaller inner diameter than the upper opening (30), - the wire mesh plug (28) is inserted into the upper opening (30), - the wire mesh plug (28) is breathable, and - The oil mist penetrating into the funnel-type oil condensing element (29) from the interior space (6) of the housing (2) is cooled on the inner wall (32) of the funnel-type oil condensing element (29) and the wire mesh plug (28), so that the oil contained in the oil mist condenses, sinks due to gravity, and flows out to the interior space (6) through the input end (12) of the ventilation element (10).
11. The electric machine (1) according to claim 10, wherein: - the ventilation element (10) has a labyrinth structure (33), and - The upper opening (30) of the funnel-shaped oil condensing element (29) is connected to the collecting chamber (11) via the labyrinth structure (33), thereby preventing dust particles entering the collecting chamber (11) from the external environment (9) from reaching the wire mesh plug (28) via the labyrinth structure (33).