Tractor

Abstract

The invention provides a tractor, and particularly relates to the technical field of vehicles. The tractor comprises a frame, a cab, a battery pack, an electric drive axle system and a traction assembly. The frame comprises a first area, a second area and a third area which are sequentially distributed in the first direction. The cab is arranged in the first area; the battery packs are arranged below the frame in the second area, the multiple battery packs are arranged side by side in the first direction, the length direction of the battery packs is perpendicular to the first direction, the battery packs are provided with multiple electric connecting pieces, and the opening directions of the electric connecting pieces face the cab in the first direction; the electric drive bridge system is arranged in the third area; the traction assembly comprises a traction saddle, and the traction saddle is arranged in the third area. According to the tractor provided by the invention, the low center-of-mass design of the tractor is realized, the stability of the tractor is improved, and the vehicle-mounted capacity and the cargo carrying capacity of the tractor are also ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of vehicle technology, and in particular to a tractor. Background Art

[0002] Tractors are mainly used to tow or carry other vehicles or heavy objects. They can be divided into electric tractors and fuel tractors according to their power sources.

[0003] Taking an electric tractor as an example, a conventional electric tractor includes a frame, a cab and an onboard battery, and the onboard battery is arranged on the rear side of the cab above the frame. However, this design makes the center of mass of the vehicle higher, affecting the stability of the vehicle, and also reduces the cargo capacity of the frame, reducing the cargo capacity. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present application provides a tractor for solving the problem in the prior art that the on-board battery of the tractor is arranged on the rear side of the cab above the frame, resulting in poor vehicle stability and low cargo capacity.

[0005] The present application provides a tractor, comprising:

[0006] The frame comprises a first area, a second area and a third area sequentially distributed along a first direction;

[0007] A cab, located in the first area;

[0008] A battery pack is disposed below the frame in the second region, wherein the battery packs are arranged side by side in a plurality along the first direction, the length direction of the battery packs is perpendicular to the first direction, and the battery packs are provided with a plurality of electrical connectors, the opening direction of the electrical connectors is toward the cab along the first direction;

[0009] an electric drive axle system, disposed in the third area;

[0010] The traction assembly includes a traction saddle, which is arranged in the third area.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the tractor further includes: a mounting frame, wherein the mounting frame is fixed to the vehicle frame, the mounting frame is formed as an assembly cavity with an open bottom, at least a portion of the structure of the battery pack is located in the assembly cavity, and the battery pack is fixedly connected to the mounting frame.

[0012] In a possible implementation, the tractor further includes: an environment sensing device, which is disposed in the second area and located on both sides of the battery pack along the second direction, and the environment sensing device is used to sense the side environment of the tractor.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the battery pack further has a charging interface, and the charging interface is provided on at least one side of the battery pack along the second direction.

[0014] In a possible implementation, the tractor further includes: a thermal management system including:

[0015] A refrigeration unit, comprising a compressor, an evaporator and a condenser, wherein the compressor, the evaporator and the condenser are connected to form a refrigeration cycle;

[0016] The cooling unit is in heat exchange with at least one of the electric drive axle system and the battery pack.

[0017] In a possible implementation, the electric drive axle system includes a first cooling component, the first cooling component is connected to the refrigeration unit, and the coolant in the refrigeration unit dissipates heat for the electric drive axle system when flowing through the first cooling component.

[0018] In a possible implementation, the battery pack further includes a liquid cooling plate, which is connected to the refrigeration unit, and the battery pack dissipates heat when the coolant in the refrigeration unit flows through the liquid cooling plate.

[0019] In a possible implementation, the liquid cooling plate is provided with an internal heat dissipation channel and a first flow opening and a second flow opening communicating with the internal heat dissipation channel.

[0020] The thermal management system further includes a first three-way valve, a second three-way valve, a drive pump and a heat exchanger, wherein the first three-way valve is in communication with the first flow port through a first liquid inlet channel, the first three-way valve is in communication with the second flow port through a second liquid inlet channel, the second three-way valve is in communication with the second flow port through a first liquid outlet channel, the second three-way valve is in communication with the first flow port through a second liquid outlet channel, the first end of the heat exchanger is in communication with the first three-way valve, the second end of the heat exchanger is in communication with the second three-way valve, and the drive pump is configured to drive the coolant to flow from the second end of the heat exchanger to the first end;

[0021] The battery cooling unit is configured to switch between a first circulation mode and a second circulation mode, wherein in the first circulation mode, the first three-way valve connects the first liquid inlet channel and the second three-way valve connects the first liquid outlet channel, and in the second circulation mode, the first three-way valve connects the second liquid inlet channel and the second three-way valve connects the second liquid outlet channel.

[0022] In one possible implementation, the thermal management system further includes: a heater and a heater core, wherein the heater is connected to the refrigeration unit, the heater is used to heat the coolant flowing through, the heated coolant is suitable for heating the heater core, and the heater core is used to heat the cab.

[0023] In a possible implementation, the tractor further includes: an integrated electronic control module, which is arranged in the first area, and includes: an integrated compressor, a PTC module, an oil pump module, an air pump module, a motor control module, a high-voltage power distribution module and a DCDC module.

[0024] In a possible implementation, the electric drive axle system includes: a drive motor, a gearbox and an axle, wherein there are two drive motors, the drive motor is transmission-connected to the gearbox, and the drive motor and the gearbox are both integrated in the axle.

[0025] In a possible implementation, the tractor further includes a suspension device, which is an air suspension, and the suspension device is used to buffer vibration of the tractor.

[0026] In a possible implementation, the towing assembly further includes: a trailer plate, which is arranged in the first area and located at the rear side of the cab.

[0027] The present application provides a tractor, which is designed through reasonable layout and optimized structure, such as the battery pack is arranged below the frame and perpendicular to the first direction, so that the center of mass of the vehicle is lowered, the vehicle stability is improved, and the installation stability and service life of the battery pack are guaranteed. In addition, the vehicle capacity and cargo capacity of the tractor are improved. In addition, compared with the prior art in which the battery pack is installed behind the cab, the layout design of the present application also shortens the wheelbase of the tractor, making the design of the tractor more compact and efficient, and ensuring the transportation efficiency of the tractor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, a brief introduction will be given below to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0029] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a tractor according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a tractor according to an embodiment of the present application from another perspective;

[0031] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first area;

[0032] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the second area;

[0033] Figure 5 for Figure 2 The structural diagram of the third area;

[0034] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of a cooling channel of a battery cooling unit according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0035] Description of reference numerals:

[0036] 100-frame; 100a-first area; 100b-second area; 100c-third area;

[0037] 200-cab;

[0038] 300-battery pack; 310-electrical connector;

[0039] 400-electric drive axle system; 410-first cooling assembly;

[0040] 500-traction assembly; 510-traction saddle; 520-trailer plate;

[0041] 610-environmental sensing device; 620-charging interface; 630-liquid cooling plate; 631-internal heat dissipation channel; 632-first flow port; 633-second flow port; 640-suspension device; 641-air suspension;

[0042] 700-installation frame;

[0043] 800-thermal management system; 810-refrigeration unit; 811-compressor; 812-evaporator; 813-condenser; 821-first three-way valve; 822-second three-way valve; 831-first liquid inlet channel; 832-first liquid outlet channel; 833-second liquid inlet channel; 834-second liquid outlet channel; 841-driving pump; 842-heat exchanger; 850-heater; 860-heat core; 870-fan;

[0044] 910-integrated electronic control module; 920-steering system; 921-steering gear; 922-steering oil pump; 923-steering oil tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more obvious and understandable, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work belong to the scope of protection of this application.

[0046] Tractors are mainly used to tow or carry other vehicles or heavy objects. According to the different traction methods and purposes, tractors can be divided into many types, such as semi-trailer tractors, full-trailer tractors, platform tractors, tank tractors, refrigerated tractors and special tractors. According to the power source, they can be divided into electric tractors and fuel tractors, such as rechargeable pure electric tractors, battery-swap pure electric tractors, oil-electric hybrid tractors, plug-in hybrid tractors, and extended-range electric tractors.

[0047] Taking an electric tractor as an example, a conventional electric tractor includes a frame, a cab and an onboard battery, and the onboard battery is arranged on the rear side of the cab above the frame. However, this design makes the center of mass of the vehicle higher, affecting the stability of the vehicle, and also reduces the cargo capacity of the frame, reducing the cargo capacity.

[0048] In view of this, the present application provides a tractor, which is designed through reasonable layout and optimized structure, such as the battery pack is arranged below the frame and perpendicular to the first direction, so that the center of mass of the vehicle is lowered, the vehicle stability is improved, and the installation stability and service life of the battery pack are guaranteed. In addition, the vehicle capacity and cargo capacity of the tractor are improved. In addition, compared with the prior art in which the battery pack is installed behind the cab, the layout design of the present application also shortens the wheelbase of the tractor, making the design of the tractor more compact and efficient, and ensuring the transportation efficiency of the tractor.

[0049] Combine the following Figure 1-Figure 6 The tractor according to the embodiment of the present application is described.

[0050] refer to Figure 1-Figure 4 The tractor of this embodiment may be a rechargeable electric tractor or a plug-in hybrid tractor. The tractor may include a frame 100, a cab 200, a battery pack 300, an electric drive axle system 400 and a traction assembly 500.

[0051] The frame 100 includes a first area 100a, a second area 100b and a third area 100c sequentially distributed along a first direction. The cab 200 is arranged in the first area 100a; the battery pack 300 is arranged below the frame 100 in the second area 100b, which can lower the center of mass of the vehicle and improve the stability and driving safety of the vehicle.

[0052] The battery packs 300 are arranged in multiple numbers side by side along a first direction, and the length direction of the battery packs 300 is perpendicular to the first direction. This design optimizes the installation space of the battery packs 300, reduces the span of the power battery in the front and rear directions of the vehicle, reduces the torsional deformation of the power battery and the frame, and improves the reliability of the power battery and the frame.

[0053] The battery pack 300 is provided with a plurality of electrical connectors 310, and the opening direction of the electrical connector 310 is along a first direction toward the cab 200. In this way, the connection between the battery pack 300 and other electrical systems of the vehicle is more convenient. Compared with the upward opening in the prior art, this design reduces the risk of direct entry of rainwater and ensures safe use.

[0054] The electric drive axle system 400 is arranged in the third area 100c, which ensures the normal operation of the electric drive axle system 400 and avoids interference with other components. The traction assembly 500 includes a traction saddle 510, which is arranged in the third area 100c and is used to connect and tow other vehicles or goods, so that the tractor can flexibly adapt to different traction requirements.

[0055] The tractor is designed with a reasonable layout and optimized structure. For example, the battery pack 300 is arranged below the frame 100 and perpendicular to the first direction, so that the center of gravity of the vehicle is lowered, the vehicle stability is improved, the installation stability and service life of the battery pack 300 are ensured, and the vehicle capacity and cargo carrying capacity of the tractor are also improved.

[0056] In addition, compared with the prior art in which the battery pack 300 is installed behind the cab 200, the layout design of the present application also reduces the wheelbase of the tractor, making the design of the tractor more compact and efficient, thereby ensuring the transportation efficiency of the tractor.

[0057] In some embodiments, in combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 The tractor further includes a mounting frame 700, which is fixed to the vehicle frame 100. The mounting frame 700 is formed into an assembly cavity with an open bottom. Accordingly, the battery pack 300 is designed to be hoisted, so that the installation and removal of the battery pack 300 are convenient. At least part of the structure of the battery pack 300 is in the assembly cavity, and the battery pack 300 is fixedly connected to the mounting frame 700. Exemplarily, the connection between the mounting frame 700, the vehicle frame 100, and the battery pack 300 can be bolts, welding, etc.

[0058] The mounting frame 700 serves as a connecting bridge between the battery pack 300 and the vehicle frame 100, and plays a role in fixing, supporting and protecting the battery pack 300, ensuring the stability and safety of the battery pack 300 during vehicle driving, and preventing the battery pack 300 from shaking or falling off. In addition, the bottom open design of the mounting frame 700 facilitates the installation, removal and maintenance of the battery pack 300. When the battery pack 300 needs to be replaced or maintained, the battery pack 300 can be easily removed, reducing the maintenance cost and difficulty.

[0059] In some embodiments, in combination Figure 1 The tractor further includes an environment sensing device 610, which is disposed in the second area 100b and located on both sides of the battery pack 300 along the second direction. The environment sensing device 610 is used to sense the side environment of the tractor. In this way, the layout ensures that the environment sensing device 610 can cover the side environment of the tractor to reduce the detection blind spot.

[0060] Exemplarily, the environment sensing device 610 may include multiple sensors or scanning devices, such as a lidar, a camera, an ultrasonic sensor, etc.

[0061] The environmental sensing device 610 can monitor obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians and other information on the side of the tractor in real time, and provide warnings and prompts to the driver. In addition, by real-time monitoring and analysis of side environmental information, the environmental sensing device 610 can help the driver detect potential dangerous situations in advance, such as approaching side vehicles and pedestrians crossing, thereby reducing the risk of accidents.

[0062] Optionally, the environment sensing device 610 may also be integrated with an indicator light, so that the integrated design achieves compactness and efficiency. By integrating the environment sensing device 610 with the indicator light, the tractor can monitor the side environment in real time and promptly alert the driver when danger is detected to avoid collisions and accidents. In addition, the indicator light can also provide a signal to other people outside the vehicle to improve road safety.

[0063] In some embodiments, in combination Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The battery pack 300 also has a charging interface 620, which is disposed on at least one side of the battery pack 300 along the second direction. The charging interface 620 is disposed on at least one side of the battery pack 300 along the second direction, thereby avoiding charging difficulties or inconveniences caused by improper location of the charging interface 620 and improving charging efficiency.

[0064] Optionally, the charging port 620 may be provided with a waterproof portion and a dustproof portion to facilitate coping with harsh charging environments.

[0065] In some embodiments, in combination Figure 1 and Figure 3The tractor further includes a thermal management system 800 including a refrigeration unit 810, which includes a compressor 811, an evaporator and a condenser 813, and an evaporator 812. The compressor 811, the evaporator and the condenser 813, and the evaporator 812 are connected to form a refrigeration cycle. The refrigeration unit 810 exchanges heat with at least one of the electric drive axle system 400 and the battery pack 300.

[0066] Specifically, the compressor 811 compresses the gaseous refrigerant into a high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, which dissipates heat through the condenser 813 and the evaporator 812, and the refrigerant gradually changes from gas to liquid. After passing through the electronic expansion valve and the air-conditioning evaporator, the liquid refrigerant vaporizes, absorbs heat, and achieves cooling.

[0067] In this way, through the coordination of refrigeration cycles and components, the thermal management system 800 can effectively reduce the temperature of components such as the cab 200 and the battery pack 300. Compared with the existing refrigeration systems for cooling the cab 200 and the battery pack 300, respectively, in this application, the two share a refrigeration unit 810, thereby ensuring the refrigeration efficiency and vehicle integration.

[0068] In addition, the electronic expansion valve can ensure that the flow and pressure of the refrigerant are in the best state, achieving more accurate temperature control. In addition, by optimizing the refrigeration cycle and component design, the thermal management system 800 can reduce energy consumption and emissions, ensuring energy saving and environmental protection requirements.

[0069] Optionally, multiple groups of compressors 811, condensers 813, and evaporators 812 may be provided according to actual usage requirements to ensure cooling supply to the vehicle.

[0070] In some embodiments, in combination Figure 3 and Figure 5 The electric drive bridge system 400 includes a first cooling assembly 410 , which is connected to a refrigeration unit 810 . The coolant in the refrigeration unit 810 dissipates heat for the electric drive bridge system 400 when flowing through the first cooling assembly 410 .

[0071] The first cooling assembly 410 is responsible for introducing the coolant in the refrigeration unit 810 into the electric drive axle system 400 to dissipate heat for the electric drive axle system 400. The design of the first cooling assembly 410 ensures that the electric drive axle system 400 operates within a suitable temperature range, reduces the failure rate of the electric drive axle system 400 due to overheating, and improves its reliability and service life.

[0072] In some embodiments, in combination Figure 3 and Figure 4 The battery pack 300 further includes a liquid cooling plate 630 , which is connected to the refrigeration unit 810 , and the battery pack 300 dissipates heat when the coolant in the refrigeration unit 810 flows through the liquid cooling plate 630 .

[0073] Optionally, the liquid cooling plate 630 may be equipped with a flow control device, such as a throttle valve, a throttle pump, etc., to adjust the flow and pressure of the coolant according to the actual heat dissipation requirements of the battery pack 300. Optionally, the material of the liquid cooling plate 630 may be aluminum alloy, stainless steel, etc.

[0074] Specifically, after the coolant is compressed and condensed in the refrigeration unit 810, a high-pressure, low-temperature liquid coolant is formed. Subsequently, the coolant enters the liquid cooling plate 630 through a pipeline to dissipate heat for the battery pack 300. After heat dissipation, the coolant returns to the refrigeration unit 810 for circulation.

[0075] The connection design between the liquid cooling plate 630 and the refrigeration unit 810 in the battery pack 300 ensures that the battery pack 300 operates within a suitable temperature range, improves its performance and safety, and can also reduce energy consumption and emissions, thereby achieving energy conservation and environmental protection.

[0076] In some embodiments, in combination Figure 4 and Figure 6 The liquid cooling plate 630 is provided with an internal heat dissipation channel 631 and a first flow opening 632 and a second flow opening 633 communicating with the internal heat dissipation channel 631.

[0077] The thermal management system 800 further includes a first three-way valve 821, a second three-way valve 822, a drive pump 841 and a heat exchanger 842. Optionally, the heat exchanger 842 may be the above-mentioned evaporator. The first three-way valve 821 is in communication with the first flow port 632 through the first liquid inlet channel 831, the first three-way valve 821 is in communication with the second flow port 633 through the second liquid inlet channel 833, the second three-way valve 822 is in communication with the second flow port 633 through the first liquid outlet channel 832, the second three-way valve 822 is in communication with the first flow port 632 through the second liquid outlet channel 834, the first end of the heat exchanger 842 is in communication with the first three-way valve 821, the second end of the heat exchanger 842 is in communication with the second three-way valve 822, and the drive pump 841 is configured to drive the coolant to flow from the second end of the heat exchanger 842 to the first end, so that the battery cooling unit can operate in two modes, the first circulation mode and the second circulation mode.

[0078] The battery cooling unit is configured to switch between a first circulation mode and a second circulation mode, wherein, in the first circulation mode, the first three-way valve 821 connects to the first liquid inlet channel 831, and the second three-way valve 822 connects to the first liquid outlet channel 832; in the second circulation mode, the first three-way valve 821 connects to the second liquid inlet channel 833, and the second three-way valve 822 connects to the second liquid outlet channel 834.

[0079] It can be found that in the first circulation mode, the coolant enters the first flow port 632 of the liquid cooling plate 630 from the first liquid inlet channel 831, flows through the internal heat dissipation channel 631, flows out from the second flow port 633 and the second liquid outlet channel 834, passes through the second three-way valve 822, and enters the heat exchanger 842 for heat exchange. Then, the coolant flows out from the first end of the heat exchanger 842, is pressurized by the driving pump 841, and enters the first three-way valve 821 again to complete a cycle.

[0080] In the second circulation mode, the coolant enters the second flow port 633 of the liquid cooling plate 630 from the second liquid inlet channel 833, flows through the internal heat dissipation channel 631, flows out from the first flow port 632 and the first liquid outlet channel 832, passes through the first three-way valve 821, and also enters the heat exchanger 842 for heat exchange. Then, the coolant flows out from the first end of the heat exchanger 842, is pressurized by the driving pump 841, and enters the second three-way valve 822 again to complete a cycle.

[0081] In some examples, the first flow opening 632 is designed to be higher than the second flow opening 633. In the first circulation mode, the coolant flows from top to bottom through the internal heat dissipation channel 631. In the second circulation mode, the coolant flows from bottom to top through the internal heat dissipation channel 631.

[0082] In this way, the operator can switch between the two circulation modes according to the heat dissipation requirements of the battery pack 300. By controlling the switching state of the three-way valve, the rotation speed of the driving pump 841 and the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger 842, the temperature of the battery pack 300 can be controlled, thereby ensuring the performance and safety of the battery pack 300. The design of the battery cooling unit is flexible and adaptable to ensure usage requirements.

[0083] Optionally, both the first flow opening 632 and the second flow opening 633 may be three-way valves.

[0084] In some embodiments, in combination Figure 1 and Figure 3 The thermal management system 800 also includes a heater 850 and a heater core 860 . The heater 850 is connected to the refrigeration unit 810 . The heater 850 is used to heat the coolant flowing through. The heated coolant is suitable for heating the heater core 860 . The heater core 860 is used to heat the cab 200 .

[0085] Optionally, the thermal management system 800 may further include a liquid pump to drive the coolant to a preset flow rate according to actual needs.

[0086] Optionally, the thermal management system 800 may also be designed with a fan 870, a blower, etc., through which the air in the cab 200 is blown through the heater core 860 to accelerate the heat exchange process.

[0087] Specifically, when the cab 200 needs to be heated, the thermal management system 800 switches to the heating mode; the heater 850 starts to heat the coolant flowing through; the heated coolant enters the warm air core 860 and exchanges heat with the air in the cab 200; the fan 870 or blower starts to blow the heated air into the cab 200 to increase the indoor temperature. It can be seen that by adding the heater 850 and the warm air core 860, the thermal management system 800 can be adjusted according to different environmental conditions and usage requirements to meet the heating requirements of the cab 200.

[0088] In some embodiments, in combination Figure 2 and Figure 3 The tractor further includes an integrated electronic control module 910, which is disposed in the first area 100a. Optionally, the integrated electronic control module 910 may be installed in an engine compartment, under a chassis, etc. The integrated electronic control module 910 includes: an integrated compressor 811, a PTC module, an oil pump module, an air pump module, a motor control module, a high-voltage power distribution module, and a DCDC module.

[0089] Specifically, the compressor 811 is used to compress and circulate the refrigerant to achieve a cooling effect. Optionally, the compressor 811 can be directly connected to the motor and driven by the motor. The PTC module is a heating element whose resistance increases with temperature, thereby limiting current and power to prevent overheating. Optionally, the PTC module can be used to heat the coolant or air to meet specific heating requirements.

[0090] In addition, the oil pump module is responsible for providing power to the hydraulic system to ensure the normal operation of the hydraulic components. Optionally, the oil pump can be driven by a motor to achieve control and energy saving. The air pump module is used to provide compressed air to the pneumatic system, such as the brake system, suspension system, etc. Optionally, the air pump module can be driven by a motor to achieve energy conversion and control.

[0091] In addition, the motor control module is responsible for controlling the start, operation and stop of the electric motor in the tractor, as well as achieving precise regulation of speed, torque and power. The high-voltage power distribution module is used to distribute and manage the high-voltage electrical energy in the tractor, ensuring that the various electrical loads (such as motors, heaters 850, air conditioners, etc.) are properly powered. The DCDC module, also known as the DC-DC converter, is used to convert the DC power of the high-voltage battery pack into low-voltage DC power to power the vehicle's low-voltage systems, such as lighting, audio, control systems, etc.

[0092] It can be seen that the integrated electronic control module 910 is designed to integrate multiple power and electronic control modules together, reducing space occupancy and wiring harness complexity, thereby improving the overall performance of the system. In addition, through integrated design and redundant configuration, the reliability and fault tolerance of the system are improved.

[0093] Optionally, the integrated electric control module 910 further includes a second cooling assembly, which is connected to the refrigeration unit 810, and the coolant in the refrigeration unit 810 cools the integrated electric control module 910 when flowing through the second cooling assembly. In this way, the first cooling assembly 410 and the second cooling assembly are respectively connected through the refrigeration unit 810, and the electric drive axle system 400 and the integrated electric control module 910 are cooled respectively. Compared with the prior art in which separate cooling systems are designed for the integrated electric control module 910 and the electric drive axle system 400, the refrigeration method of the present application has a higher degree of integration, ensuring the system reliability of the tractor.

[0094] In some embodiments, in combination Figure 2 and Figure 5 The electric drive axle system 400 includes a drive motor, a gearbox and an axle, wherein there are two drive motors, which can be located on both sides or in the center of the axle, respectively, and can be adaptively changed according to different designs or the installation positions of other components. The drive motor is connected to the gearbox in a transmission manner, and the drive motor and the gearbox are integrated in the axle. Optionally, the axle can be a single-stage reduction drive axle, a double-stage reduction drive axle or a central differential drive axle.

[0095] It can be seen that the electric drive axle system 400 in the present application is an integrated power transmission system. By integrating the drive motor, gearbox and axle together, the space occupation and wiring harness complexity are reduced, and the overall performance and reliability of the system are improved. In addition, by having two drive motors working at the same time, compared with the design of one drive motor in the prior art, a stronger driving force can be provided for the tractor to meet the requirements of heavy load and high-speed driving. In this way, the electric drive axle system 400 can adapt to different driving conditions and speed requirements by adjusting the gear position of the gearbox and the speed of the motor.

[0096] In some embodiments, in combination Figure 5 The tractor further includes a suspension device 640, which is an air suspension 641. The suspension device 640 is used to buffer the vibration of the tractor.

[0097] Specifically, the air suspension 641 is mainly composed of air springs, shock absorbers, height control valves, air tanks, air pipes and controllers, and uses the compressibility of gas to absorb and buffer vibrations. When the tractor is traveling on an uneven road, the wheels will be impacted in the up and down directions. The air springs absorb these impacts through gas compression and rebound, and the height control valve automatically adjusts the gas pressure to restore the vehicle body to a preset height. The shock absorber uses the damping effect of the liquid to slow down the bouncing speed of the wheels, thereby improving ride comfort.

[0098] It can be seen that the design of the suspension device 640 can reduce the vibration and bumping of the tractor during driving, improve riding comfort, and can also automatically adjust the height of the vehicle body to maintain good contact between the wheels and the ground, thereby improving driving stability and adapting to different driving conditions and road conditions.

[0099] Optionally, the suspension device 640 may be designed on at least one of the front axle and the rear axle.

[0100] In some embodiments, in combination Figure 1 and Figure 5 The traction assembly 500 further includes a trailer plate 520, which is disposed in the first area 100a and is located at the rear side of the cab 200. Optionally, the trailer plate 520 can be made of a high-strength, wear-resistant metal material, such as high-quality steel or alloy material.

[0101] Exemplarily, the trailer plate 520 may be provided with a traction pin or a traction ring. The traction pin or the traction ring is connected to the traction device of the trailer, and the connection between the tractor and the trailer is realized together with the traction saddle 510, thereby ensuring the traction safety of the trailer and the driving safety of the tractor itself.

[0102] In this way, by arranging the trailer plate 520 in the first area 100a and the traction saddle 510 in the third area 100c, the two can cooperate to limit the trailer above the frame 100 in the second area 100b, thereby achieving a stable connection and coordinated driving between the tractor and the trailer, and improving the stability of the tractor and the trailer during driving.

[0103] In addition, in some embodiments, in combination Figure 2 and Figure 3 The tractor of the present application further includes a steering system 920, which is responsible for converting the driver's steering intention into a deflection action of the wheel, thereby achieving the steering of the vehicle. The steering system 920 includes a steering gear 921, a steering oil pump 922 and a steering oil pot 923, and the steering system 920 can be arranged in the first area 100a of the vehicle.

[0104] Specifically, the steering gear 921 is responsible for converting the steering force input by the driver through the steering wheel into the deflection angle of the wheel. Exemplarily, the steering gear 921 can be a recirculating ball steering gear 921, a gear rack steering gear 921, etc.

[0105] The steering oil pump 922 is responsible for providing hydraulic power to the steering system 920. When the driver turns the steering wheel, the steering oil pump 922 works and sucks hydraulic oil from the oil tank and delivers it to the steering gear 921 after pressurization to achieve the deflection of the wheel. For example, the steering oil pump 922 can be a vane pump, a gear pump, etc. In addition, the steering oil tank 923 is responsible for storing and supplying the hydraulic oil required by the steering system 920.

[0106] The steering system 920 converts the driver's steering intention into the deflection action of the wheel through the coordinated work of the steering gear 921, the steering oil pump 922 and the steering oil pot 923, so that the driver can control the driving direction of the vehicle at any time to ensure driving safety.

[0107] The various embodiments or implementation methods in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments, and the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0108] It should be noted that the embodiments represented by "one embodiment", "an embodiment", "an exemplary embodiment", "some embodiments", etc. mentioned in the specification may include specific features, structures or characteristics, but not every embodiment may include the specific features, structures or characteristics. In addition, such phrases do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, when describing specific features, structures or characteristics in conjunction with an embodiment, it is within the knowledge of those skilled in the art to implement such features, structures or characteristics in conjunction with other embodiments that are explicitly or not explicitly described.

[0109] In general, terms should be understood, at least in part, by the context in which they are used. For example, the term "one or more" as used herein may be used to describe any feature, structure, or characteristic in a singular sense, or may be used to describe a combination of features, structures, or characteristics in a plural sense, depending, at least in part, on the context. Similarly, terms such as "a," "an," or "the" may also be understood to convey singular usage or to convey plural usage, depending, at least in part, on the context.

[0110] It should be easily understood that “on,” “above,” and “over” in the present disclosure should be interpreted in the broadest manner, so that “on” not only means “directly on something,” but also includes the meaning of “on something” with intervening features or layers therebetween, and “above” or “over” not only includes the meaning of “above” or “over,” but also may include the meaning of “above” or “over something” with no intervening features or layers therebetween (i.e., directly on something).

[0111] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit it. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A tractor, characterized in that: include: A vehicle frame (100) comprising a first region (100a), a second region (100b) and a third region (100c) sequentially distributed along a first direction; A cab (200) disposed in the first area (100a); A battery pack (300) is arranged below the vehicle frame (100) in the second region (100b); the battery packs (300) are multiple and arranged side by side along the first direction; the length direction of the battery packs (300) is perpendicular to the first direction; the battery packs (300) are provided with multiple electrical connectors (310); the opening direction of the electrical connectors (310) is along the first direction toward the cab (200); An electric drive bridge system (400) is disposed in the third area (100c); The traction assembly (500) comprises: a traction saddle (510) arranged in the third area (100c).

2. The tractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A mounting frame (700), the mounting frame (700) being fixed to the vehicle frame (100), the mounting frame (700) being formed as an assembly cavity with an open bottom, at least a portion of the structure of the battery pack (300) being located in the assembly cavity, and the battery pack (300) being fixedly connected to the mounting frame (700).

3. The tractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: An environment sensing device (610) is disposed in the second area (100b) and is located on both sides of the battery pack (300) along the second direction. The environment sensing device (610) is used to sense the environment on the side of the tractor.

4. The tractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery pack (300) further comprises a charging interface (620), wherein the charging interface (620) is arranged on at least one side of the battery pack (300) along the second direction.

5. The tractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: The thermal management system (800) comprises: A refrigeration unit (810) comprises a compressor (811), an evaporator (812) and a condenser (813), wherein the compressor (811), the evaporator (812) and the condenser (813) are connected to form a refrigeration cycle; The refrigeration unit (810) performs heat exchange with at least one of the electric drive axle system (400) and the battery pack (300).

6. The tractor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The electric drive bridge system (400) comprises a first cooling component (410), wherein the first cooling component (410) is connected to the refrigeration unit (810), and the coolant in the refrigeration unit (810) dissipates heat for the electric drive bridge system (400) when flowing through the first cooling component (410).

7. The tractor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The battery pack (300) further comprises a liquid cooling plate (630), wherein the liquid cooling plate (630) is in communication with the refrigeration unit (810), and when the cooling liquid in the refrigeration unit (810) flows through the liquid cooling plate (630), the battery pack (300) dissipates heat.

8. The tractor according to claim 7, characterized in that: The liquid cooling plate (630) is provided with an internal heat dissipation channel (631) and a first flow opening (632) and a second flow opening (633) which are in communication with the internal heat dissipation channel (631). The thermal management system (800) further comprises a first three-way valve (821), a second three-way valve (822), a driving pump (841) and a heat exchanger (842); the first three-way valve (821) is in communication with the first flow port (632) via a first liquid inlet channel (831); the first three-way valve (821) is in communication with the second flow port (633) via a second liquid inlet channel (833); the second three-way valve (822) is in communication with the second flow port (633) via a first liquid outlet channel (832); the second three-way valve (822) is in communication with the first flow port (632) via a second liquid outlet channel (834); a first end of the heat exchanger (842) is in communication with the first three-way valve (821); a second end of the heat exchanger (842) is in communication with the second three-way valve (822); and the driving pump (841) is configured to drive the coolant to flow from the second end of the heat exchanger (842) to the first end; The battery cooling unit is configured to switch between a first circulation mode and a second circulation mode, wherein, in the first circulation mode, the first three-way valve (821) connects the first liquid inlet channel (831), and the second three-way valve (822) connects the first liquid outlet channel (832); in the second circulation mode, the first three-way valve (821) connects the second liquid inlet channel (833), and the second three-way valve (822) connects the second liquid outlet channel (834).

9. The tractor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The thermal management system (800) further includes: a heater (850) and a heater core (860); the heater (850) is connected to the refrigeration unit (810); the heater (850) is used to heat the coolant flowing through; the heated coolant is suitable for heating the heater core (860); and the heater core (860) is used to heat the cab (200).

10. The tractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: An integrated electronic control module (910), the integrated electronic control module (910) being arranged in the first area (100a), the integrated electronic control module (910) comprising: an integratedly arranged compressor (811), a PTC module, an oil pump module, an air pump module, a motor control module, a high-voltage power distribution module and a DCDC module.

11. The tractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electric drive axle system (400) comprises: a drive motor, a gearbox and a vehicle axle, wherein there are two drive motors, the drive motor is transmission-connected to the gearbox, and the drive motor and the gearbox are both integrated in the vehicle axle.

12. The tractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vehicle also includes a suspension device (640), wherein the suspension device (640) is an air suspension (641), and the suspension device (640) is arranged on at least one of the front axle and the rear axle.

13. The tractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The towing assembly (500) further comprises: a trailer plate (520) arranged in the first area (100a) and located at the rear side of the cab (200).

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