High-wear-resistance nickel-based superalloy as well as preparation method and application thereof
A nickel-based high-temperature alloy with W, Mn, and rare earth metals enhances wear resistance and mechanical properties, addressing the wear challenges of turbine blades and reducing maintenance costs by improving the alloy's microstructure and processing methods.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411385946.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-30
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-27
AI Technical Summary
Nickel-based high-temperature alloys used for aircraft engine turbine blades face challenges with wear resistance, leading to reduced service life and high maintenance costs due to wear and cyclic contact stress, and the yield rate of casting these alloys is low.
A nickel-based high-temperature alloy is developed by adding W, Mn, and rare earth metals to GH4169 alloy, incorporating specific preparation parameters to enhance wear resistance through chemical interactions and microstructural phases, including austenite γ matrix + carbides + δ phase, with controlled smelting and annealing processes to improve mechanical properties.
The resulting alloy exhibits excellent mechanical properties and wear resistance, effectively addressing the wear issues of nickel-based alloys in turbine blades, reducing maintenance costs and improving service life.
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Figure CN119194170A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of alloy materials, and in particular to a highly wear-resistant nickel-based high-temperature alloy and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art
[0002] High-temperature alloys are key materials used to manufacture hot-end turbine blades for aircraft engines. This material still has good strength in high-temperature service environments and can effectively resist creep or fatigue deformation. Existing high-temperature alloy materials are mainly divided into three categories: nickel-based alloys, iron-based alloys, and cobalt-based alloys. Among them, the high-temperature performance of nickel-based alloys is better than that of iron-based alloys, and its cost is lower than that of cobalt-based alloys, so it is the most widely used high-temperature alloy material. At present, nickel-based high-temperature alloys such as GH4169 alloy and GH3536 alloy have become the mainstream materials for aircraft engine blades.
[0003] However, nickel-based high-temperature alloys also face many problems and challenges. Existing nickel-based high-temperature alloys are widely used in the high-pressure turbine blades of aircraft engines due to their excellent high-temperature mechanical properties. This part is prone to relative sliding and wear at the contact position with the blade disk, thus affecting the service life of the blades. It is reported that the failure caused by the wear and cyclic contact stress of the turbine blades during service will reduce their service life by 40%-50% of the expected amount. In addition, since the yield rate of nickel-based high-temperature alloy casting into turbine blades is relatively low, and the cost of replacing turbine blades is high, the operation of replacing turbine blades will not only fail to solve the problem, but also cause the overall maintenance cost of aircraft engines to remain high.
[0004] Based on this, developing a nickel-based high-temperature alloy with wear resistance has important practical significance for reducing the maintenance cost of aircraft engines. Summary of the invention
[0005] In view of the problem that the wear resistance of nickel-based high-temperature alloys used for aircraft engine turbine blades in the prior art is difficult to meet the requirements, the present invention provides a highly wear-resistant nickel-based high-temperature alloy and its preparation method and application. The present invention uses GH4169 alloy as the main material, and adds W, Mn and rare earth metal elements to its composition to prepare a nickel-based high-temperature alloy with high wear resistance. The present invention utilizes the interaction of various chemical components and combines specific preparation parameters. The obtained nickel-based high-temperature alloy has excellent mechanical properties and wear resistance, which provides a new idea for solving the problems of the prior art.
[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A first aspect of the present invention provides a high wear-resistant nickel-based high-temperature alloy, wherein the mass percentage of the chemical components of the high wear-resistant nickel-based high-temperature alloy is: Fe: 18.7%-18.8%, Cr: 17.9%-18.2%, Mn: 2.1%-2.3%, Nb: 5.3%-5.5%, Mo: 2.7%-3.1%, W: 0.4%-0.8%, C: 0.4%-0.8%, Ti: 0.8%-0.9%, Al: 0.5%-0.8%, RE: 0.1%-0.2% and the balance Ni; wherein the percentage of the chemical components of the high wear-resistant nickel-based high-temperature alloy satisfies 2.7%≤Mn+W+RE≤3.1%; and the RE is a mixture of La, Hf and Y.
[0007] Compared with the prior art, the present invention uses GH4169 alloy return material as the base material, and on this basis, W, Mn and rare earth metal elements are added to obtain a nickel-based high-temperature alloy with high wear resistance. In the nickel-based high-temperature alloy, due to the presence of refractory elements such as W, Mo and Nb, it is easy to promote the Ni inside the face-centered cubic matrix to form a strengthening phase, thereby improving the solid solution strengthening ability of the alloy. The incorporation of Mn and La elements can improve the hardenability, rigidity and wear resistance of the nickel-based high-temperature alloy; the incorporation of Nb, Ti, Al, Hf and Y elements can promote the formation of precipitated phases γ′ and γ″, and improve the tensile, creep properties and mechanical strength of the nickel-based high-temperature alloy. The addition of C can form a small amount of carbides to prevent grain boundary sliding, further improving the wear resistance of the nickel-based high-temperature alloy. In summary, by utilizing the interaction of each element component, the nickel-based high-temperature alloy designed in the present invention not only maintains excellent mechanical properties and creep properties, but also has excellent wear resistance, effectively solving the problem in the prior art that the wear resistance of nickel-based high-temperature alloys used for aircraft engine turbine blades is difficult to meet the requirements, and provides a new idea for the development of nickel-based high-temperature alloys.
[0008] Preferably, the mass ratio of La, Hf and Y is 1:0.1:0.5-1:0.2:0.5.
[0009] Preferably, the metallographic structure of the high wear-resistant nickel-based high-temperature alloy is austenite γ matrix + carbide + δ phase, and the grain size is 9.0-10.0.
[0010] The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the highly wear-resistant nickel-based high-temperature alloy, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Derusting and cutting the GH4169 alloy return material to obtain pre-treated return material; Step 2: According to the designed ratio, the pre-treated return material, tungsten carbide, metal manganese, metal lanthanum, metal hafnium and metal yttrium are subjected to vacuum melting, electroslag remelting and vacuum consumable melting to obtain a nickel-based high-temperature alloy ingot; Step 3, subjecting the nickel-based high-temperature alloy ingot to a primary homogenization annealing treatment at 1180° C.-1190° C., and then to a secondary homogenization annealing treatment at 1220° C.-1240° C., and cooling to 300° C.-350° C. to obtain a high-temperature alloy precursor; Step 4: subjecting the high-temperature alloy precursor to solution heat treatment and aging heat treatment in sequence to obtain a highly wear-resistant nickel-based high-temperature alloy.
[0011] In step 2, the present invention effectively controls the burning of metal elements during the smelting process by limiting the order of feeding, ensures the stability of the chemical composition, and at the same time ensures the purity of the steel ingot and avoids the generation of more inclusions.
[0012] Preferably, in step 1, the mass percentages of the components of the GH4169 alloy return material are: Fe: 16.7%-16.9%, Cr: 17.9%-18.2%, Nb: 5.3%-5.5%, Mo: 2.7%-3.1%, Ti: 0.8%-0.9%, Al: 0.5%-0.8% and the balance Ni.
[0013] Preferably, in step 1, the size of the pre-treated return material is 200 mm×150 mm×150 mm.
[0014] Preferably, in step 2, the specific operation of the vacuum melting is: feeding the pretreatment return material into a vacuum melting furnace, when the vacuum degree is 0.05Pa-0.08Pa, 33 is powered on to increase the temperature, and high-temperature melting is performed at 1520℃-1580℃ for 30min-60min, and when cooled to 1280℃-1350℃, inert gas is introduced, tungsten carbide, metal manganese and metal RE are added, and the temperature is increased to 1520℃-1550℃ for secondary melting until the material is clear, and the temperature is kept for 30min-50min, and cast to obtain alloy rods; Preferably, in step 2, the specific operation of the electroslag remelting is: under an inert atmosphere, using CaF2-Al2O3-CaO-MgO quaternary slag system as slag, heating the slag until it is molten, pouring it into an electroslag furnace crystallizer, inserting the alloy rod into the molten slag, turning on the power, and performing constant melting rate electroslag remelting at a melting rate of 3.0kg / min-3.5kg / min, the resulting molten steel droplets pass through the molten slag layer to obtain electroslag ingots.
[0015] Preferably, in step 2, the slag system of the electroslag remelting includes the following components in percentage by mass: 45%-50% CaF2, 25%-30% Al2O3, 10%-15% CaO and 5%-10% MgO.
[0016] The invention effectively avoids the segregation of the steel ingot by controlling the melting speed and the slag system composition, and greatly improves the hot processing plasticity and the yield rate of the steel ingot.
[0017] Preferably, in step 2, the melting rate of the vacuum consumable remelting is 4.0kg / min-4.5kg / min.
[0018] The present invention further reduces the content of inclusions by controlling the melting rate of vacuum consumable remelting, thereby significantly alleviating the segregation degree of steel.
[0019] Preferably, in step three, the holding time of the homogenization annealing treatment is 20h-24h.
[0020] Preferably, in step three, the primary homogenization annealing treatment is performed by heating the temperature to 1180°C-1190°C in a programmed heating manner at a heating rate of 20°C / min-40°C / min.
[0021] Preferably, in step three, the holding time of the secondary homogenization annealing treatment is 15h-18h.
[0022] Preferably, in step three, the secondary homogenization annealing treatment is performed by heating the temperature to 1120°C-1140°C in a programmed heating manner at a heating rate of 15°C / min-25°C / min.
[0023] Preferably, in step 4, the temperature of the solution heat treatment is 1150°C-1180°C, and the time of the solution treatment is 10h-12h.
[0024] Preferably, in step 4, the aging heat treatment includes two aging heat treatments, wherein the temperature of the first aging heat treatment is 650°C-690°C, and the temperature of the second aging heat treatment is 850°C-900°C.
[0025] Further preferably, the holding time of the primary aging heat treatment is 18h-22h.
[0026] Further preferably, the holding time of the secondary aging heat treatment is 6h-8h.
[0027] The third aspect of the present invention provides the use of the highly wear-resistant nickel-based high-temperature alloy in the preparation of aviation engine materials.
[0028] In summary, the present invention uses GH4169 alloy as the main material, and adds W, Mn and rare earth metal elements to its composition to prepare a nickel-based high-temperature alloy with high wear resistance. The nickel-based high-temperature alloy obtained by the present invention has excellent mechanical properties and wear resistance, and effectively solves the problem that the wear resistance of nickel-based high-temperature alloys used for aircraft engine turbine blades in the prior art is difficult to meet the requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0029] Figure 1The metallographic structure diagram of the nickel-based high-temperature alloy described in Example 1; Figure 2 This is the metallographic structure diagram of the nickel-based high-temperature alloy described in Comparative Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0030] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0031] Example 1 This embodiment provides a high wear-resistant nickel-based high-temperature alloy and a preparation method thereof, which specifically includes the following contents: The mass percentages of the chemical components of the high wear-resistant nickel-based high-temperature alloy are: Fe: 18.7%, Cr: 18.1%, Mn: 2.2%, Nb: 5.4%, Mo: 2.9%, W: 0.6%, C: 0.6%, Ti: 0.9%, Al: 0.6%, La: 0.1%, Hf: 0.01%, Y: 0.05% and the balance Ni.
[0032] The preparation method of the highly wear-resistant nickel-based high-temperature alloy comprises the following steps: Step 1: Derusting and cutting the GH4169 alloy return material to obtain pre-treated return material; Step 2: According to the designed ratio, the pre-treated return material is sent into a vacuum melting furnace. When the vacuum degree is 0.06 Pa, the temperature is raised by power, and high-temperature melting is performed at 1550°C for 40 minutes. When it is cooled to 1300°C, an inert gas is introduced, tungsten carbide, metal manganese, metal lanthanum, metal hafnium and metal yttrium are added, and the temperature is raised to 1530°C for secondary melting until the material is clear, and the temperature is kept for 40 minutes, and the alloy rod is cast; In an inert atmosphere, a CaF2-Al2O3-CaO-MgO quaternary slag system is used as slag, the slag is heated to be molten, and poured into an electroslag furnace crystallizer, the alloy rod is inserted into the molten slag, and power is turned on. Constant melting rate electroslag remelting is performed at a melting rate of 3.4 kg / min, and the resulting molten steel droplets pass through the molten slag layer to obtain an electroslag ingot; wherein the specific components of the protective slag are: 48% CaF2, 27% Al2O3, 15% CaO and 10% MgO.
[0033] The electroslag ingot is subjected to vacuum consumable smelting at a melting rate of 4.2 kg / min to obtain a nickel-based high-temperature alloy ingot; Step 3, heating the nickel-based high-temperature alloy ingot to 1180° C. at a heating rate of 30° C. / min for a homogenization annealing treatment, and keeping the temperature for 22 hours; then heating the ingot to 1230° C. at a heating rate of 20° C. / min for a secondary homogenization annealing treatment, keeping the temperature for 16 hours, and cooling to 320° C. to obtain a high-temperature alloy precursor; Step 4: Raise the temperature of the high-temperature alloy precursor to 1160°C for solution heat treatment and keep it warm for 10 hours; lower the temperature to 670°C for primary aging heat treatment and keep it warm for 20 hours, then raise the temperature to 860°C for secondary aging heat treatment and keep it warm for 7 hours to obtain a highly wear-resistant nickel-based high-temperature alloy.
[0034] The mass percentage of the chemical composition of the GH4169 alloy return material is: Fe: 18.7%, Cr: 18.1%, Nb: 5.4%, Mo: 2.9%, Ti: 0.9%, Al: 0.6% and the balance Ni.
[0035] Example 2 This embodiment provides a high wear-resistant nickel-based high-temperature alloy and a preparation method thereof, which specifically includes the following contents: The mass percentages of the chemical components of the high wear-resistant nickel-based high-temperature alloy are: Fe: 18.8%, Cr: 17.9%, Mn: 2.2%, Nb: 5.5%, Mo: 2.8%, W: 0.5%, C: 0.5%, Ti: 0.9%, Al: 0.7%, La: 0.1%, Hf: 0.01%, Y: 0.05% and the balance Ni.
[0036] The preparation method of the highly wear-resistant nickel-based high-temperature alloy comprises the following steps: Step 1: Derusting and cutting the GH4169 alloy return material to obtain pre-treated return material; Step 2: According to the designed ratio, the pre-treated return material is sent into a vacuum melting furnace. When the vacuum degree is 0.06 Pa, the temperature is raised by power, and high-temperature melting is performed at 1550°C for 40 minutes. When it is cooled to 1300°C, an inert gas is introduced, tungsten carbide, metal manganese, metal lanthanum, metal hafnium and metal yttrium are added, and the temperature is raised to 1530°C for secondary melting until the material is clear, and the temperature is kept for 40 minutes, and the alloy rod is cast; In an inert atmosphere, a CaF2-Al2O3-CaO-MgO quaternary slag system is used as slag, the slag is heated to be molten, and poured into an electroslag furnace crystallizer, the alloy rod is inserted into the molten slag, and power is turned on. Constant melting rate electroslag remelting is performed at a melting rate of 3.4 kg / min, and the resulting molten steel droplets pass through the molten slag layer to obtain an electroslag ingot; wherein the specific components of the protective slag are: 48% CaF2, 27% Al2O3, 15% CaO and 10% MgO.
[0037] The electroslag ingot is subjected to vacuum consumable smelting at a melting rate of 4.2 kg / min to obtain a nickel-based high-temperature alloy ingot; Step 3, heating the nickel-based high-temperature alloy ingot to 1190° C. at a heating rate of 30° C. / min for a homogenization annealing treatment, and keeping the temperature for 22 hours; then heating the ingot to 1220° C. at a heating rate of 20° C. / min for a secondary homogenization annealing treatment, keeping the temperature for 16 hours, and cooling to 310° C. to obtain a high-temperature alloy precursor; Step 4: Raise the temperature of the high-temperature alloy precursor to 1160°C for solution heat treatment and keep it warm for 10 hours; lower the temperature to 670°C for primary aging heat treatment and keep it warm for 20 hours, then raise the temperature to 860°C for secondary aging heat treatment and keep it warm for 7 hours to obtain a highly wear-resistant nickel-based high-temperature alloy.
[0038] The mass percentage of the chemical composition of the GH4169 alloy return material is: Fe: 18.8%, Cr: 17.9%, Nb: 5.5%, Mo: 2.8%, Ti: 0.9%, Al: 0.7% and the balance Ni.
[0039] Example 3 This embodiment provides a high wear-resistant nickel-based high-temperature alloy and a preparation method thereof, which specifically includes the following contents: The mass percentages of the chemical components of the high wear-resistant nickel-based high-temperature alloy are: Fe: 18.8%, Cr: 18.0%, Mn: 2.2%, Nb: 5.3%, Mo: 2.7%, W: 0.7%, C: 0.7%, Ti: 0.9%, Al: 0.5%, La: 0.1%, Hf: 0.01%, Y: 0.05% and the balance Ni.
[0040] The preparation method of the highly wear-resistant nickel-based high-temperature alloy comprises the following steps: Step 1: Derusting and cutting the GH4169 alloy return material to obtain pre-treated return material; Step 2: According to the designed ratio, the pre-treated return material is sent into a vacuum melting furnace. When the vacuum degree is 0.06 Pa, the temperature is raised by power, and high-temperature melting is performed at 1550°C for 40 minutes. When it is cooled to 1300°C, an inert gas is introduced, tungsten carbide, metal manganese, metal lanthanum, metal hafnium and metal yttrium are added, and the temperature is raised to 1530°C for secondary melting until the material is clear, and the temperature is kept for 40 minutes, and the alloy rod is cast; In an inert atmosphere, a CaF2-Al2O3-CaO-MgO quaternary slag system is used as slag, the slag is heated to be molten, and poured into an electroslag furnace crystallizer, the alloy rod is inserted into the molten slag, and power is turned on. Constant melting rate electroslag remelting is performed at a melting rate of 3.4 kg / min, and the resulting molten steel droplets pass through the molten slag layer to obtain an electroslag ingot; wherein the specific components of the protective slag are: 49% CaF2, 29% Al2O3, 13% CaO and 9% MgO.
[0041] The electroslag ingot is subjected to vacuum consumable smelting at a melting rate of 4.5 kg / min to obtain a nickel-based high-temperature alloy ingot; Step 3, heating the nickel-based high-temperature alloy ingot to 1190° C. at a heating rate of 30° C. / min for a homogenization annealing treatment, and keeping the temperature for 22 hours; then heating the ingot to 1230° C. at a heating rate of 20° C. / min for a secondary homogenization annealing treatment, keeping the temperature for 16 hours, and cooling to 310° C. to obtain a high-temperature alloy precursor; Step 4: Raise the temperature of the high-temperature alloy precursor to 1150°C for solution heat treatment and keep it warm for 10 hours; lower the temperature to 670°C for primary aging heat treatment and keep it warm for 20 hours, then raise the temperature to 860°C for secondary aging heat treatment and keep it warm for 7 hours to obtain a highly wear-resistant nickel-based high-temperature alloy.
[0042] The mass percentage of the chemical composition of the GH4169 alloy return material is: Fe: 18.8%, Cr: 18.0%, Nb: 5.3%, Mo: 2.7%, Ti: 0.9%, Al: 0.5% and the balance Ni.
[0043] Example 4 This embodiment provides a high wear-resistant nickel-based high-temperature alloy and a preparation method thereof, which specifically includes the following contents: The mass percentages of the chemical components of the high wear-resistant nickel-based high-temperature alloy are: Fe: 18.7%, Cr: 17.9%, Mn: 2.2%, Nb: 5.5%, Mo: 3.0%, W: 0.6%, C: 0.6%, Ti: 0.8%, Al: 0.7%, La: 0.1%, Hf: 0.01%, Y: 0.05% and the balance Ni.
[0044] The preparation method of the highly wear-resistant nickel-based high-temperature alloy comprises the following steps: Step 1: Derusting and cutting the GH4169 alloy return material to obtain pre-treated return material; Step 2: According to the designed ratio, the pre-treated return material is sent into a vacuum melting furnace. When the vacuum degree is 0.06 Pa, the temperature is raised by power, and high-temperature melting is performed at 1550°C for 40 minutes. When it is cooled to 1300°C, an inert gas is introduced, tungsten carbide, metal manganese, metal lanthanum, metal hafnium and metal yttrium are added, and the temperature is raised to 1530°C for secondary melting until the material is clear, and the temperature is kept for 40 minutes, and the alloy rod is cast; In an inert atmosphere, a CaF2-Al2O3-CaO-MgO quaternary slag system is used as slag, the slag is heated to be molten, and poured into an electroslag furnace crystallizer, the alloy rod is inserted into the molten slag, and power is turned on. Constant melting rate electroslag remelting is performed at a melting rate of 3.4 kg / min, and the resulting molten steel droplets pass through the molten slag layer to obtain an electroslag ingot; wherein the specific components of the protective slag are: 48% CaF2, 27% Al2O3, 15% CaO and 10% MgO.
[0045] The electroslag ingot is subjected to vacuum consumable smelting at a melting rate of 4.3 kg / min to obtain a nickel-based high-temperature alloy ingot; Step 3, heating the nickel-based high-temperature alloy ingot to 1180°C at a heating rate of 30°C / min for a homogenization annealing treatment, and keeping the temperature for 22 hours; then heating the ingot to 1230°C at a heating rate of 20°C / min for a secondary homogenization annealing treatment, keeping the temperature for 16 hours, and cooling to 350°C to obtain a high-temperature alloy precursor; Step 4: Raise the temperature of the high-temperature alloy precursor to 1160°C for solution heat treatment and keep it warm for 10 hours; lower the temperature to 670°C for primary aging heat treatment and keep it warm for 20 hours, then raise the temperature to 860°C for secondary aging heat treatment and keep it warm for 7 hours to obtain a highly wear-resistant nickel-based high-temperature alloy.
[0046] The mass percentage of the chemical composition of the GH4169 alloy return material is: Fe: 18.7%, Cr: 17.9%, Nb: 5.5%, Mo: 3.0%, Ti: 0.8%, Al: 0.7% and the balance Ni.
[0047] Example 5 This embodiment provides a high wear-resistant nickel-based high-temperature alloy and a preparation method thereof, which specifically includes the following contents: The mass percentages of the chemical components of the high wear-resistant nickel-based high-temperature alloy are: Fe: 18.8%, Cr: 18.0%, Mn: 2.3%, Nb: 5.5%, Mo: 2.7%, W: 0.6%, C: 0.6%, Ti: 0.8%, Al: 0.7%, La: 0.1%, Hf: 0.01%, Y: 0.05% and the balance Ni.
[0048] The preparation method of the highly wear-resistant nickel-based high-temperature alloy comprises the following steps: Step 1: Derusting and cutting the GH4169 alloy return material to obtain pre-treated return material; Step 2: According to the designed ratio, the pre-treated return material is sent into a vacuum melting furnace. When the vacuum degree is 0.06 Pa, the temperature is raised by power, and high-temperature melting is performed at 1550°C for 40 minutes. When it is cooled to 1300°C, an inert gas is introduced, tungsten carbide, metal manganese, metal lanthanum, metal hafnium and metal yttrium are added, and the temperature is raised to 1530°C for secondary melting until the material is clear, and the temperature is kept for 40 minutes, and the alloy rod is cast; In an inert atmosphere, a CaF2-Al2O3-CaO-MgO quaternary slag system is used as slag, the slag is heated to be molten, and poured into an electroslag furnace crystallizer, the alloy rod is inserted into the molten slag, and power is turned on. Constant melting rate electroslag remelting is performed at a melting rate of 3.4 kg / min, and the resulting molten steel droplets pass through the molten slag layer to obtain an electroslag ingot; wherein the specific components of the protective slag are: 48% CaF2, 27% Al2O3, 15% CaO and 10% MgO.
[0049] The electroslag ingot is subjected to vacuum consumable smelting at a melting rate of 4.2 kg / min to obtain a nickel-based high-temperature alloy ingot; Step 3, heating the nickel-based high-temperature alloy ingot to 1180° C. at a heating rate of 30° C. / min for a homogenization annealing treatment, and keeping the temperature for 22 hours; then heating the ingot to 1230° C. at a heating rate of 20° C. / min for a secondary homogenization annealing treatment, keeping the temperature for 16 hours, and cooling to 320° C. to obtain a high-temperature alloy precursor; Step 4: Raise the temperature of the high-temperature alloy precursor to 1160°C for solution heat treatment and keep it warm for 10 hours; lower the temperature to 670°C for primary aging heat treatment and keep it warm for 20 hours, then raise the temperature to 860°C for secondary aging heat treatment and keep it warm for 7 hours to obtain a highly wear-resistant nickel-based high-temperature alloy.
[0050] The mass percentage of the chemical composition of the GH4169 alloy return material is: Fe: 18.8%, Cr: 18.0%, Nb: 5.5%, Mo: 2.7%, Ti: 0.8%, Al: 0.7% and the balance Ni.
[0051] Comparative Example 1 This comparative example provides a commercially available GH4169 high-temperature alloy, whose chemical components are as follows: Fe: 18.7%, Cr: 18.1%, Nb: 5.4%, Mo: 2.9%, Ti: 0.9%, Al: 0.6% and the balance Ni.
[0052] In order to further verify the technical effect of the high wear-resistant nickel-based high-temperature alloy provided by the present invention, the present invention conducted wear tests on the nickel-based high-temperature alloys obtained in Examples 1-5 and the GH4169 alloy described in Comparative Example 1. The friction and wear tester was used to perform friction and wear tests on the sample surface under different load conditions at room temperature and the same air humidity environment. The friction and wear tester was preheated for 30 minutes, the program was set to reciprocating friction, the friction distance was 5 mm, the loading loads were 10N, 30N and 50N respectively, the test time was 30 minutes, the running speed was 33.3 mm / s, the friction pair was Si3N4 balls, and the wear rate under different load conditions was calculated using a laser confocal microscope. The test results are shown in Table 1.
[0053] Table 1 Wear results of various nickel-based high-temperature alloys
[0054] The present invention also conducted metallographic structure tests on the nickel-based high-temperature alloys described in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1. The results are as follows: Figure 1-2 As shown, according to Figure 1-2 It can be seen that the nickel-based high-temperature alloy described in Example 1 of the present invention is composed of an austenite γ matrix, carbides, a stable phase δ(Ni3Nb) phase, and body-centered tetragonal γ''(Ni3Nb) and γ'(Ni3(Al,Ti,Nb)) as strengthening phases, and the grain size is 10.0; while the grain size of the nickel-based high-temperature alloy described in Comparative Example 1 is only 9.0, and edge mixed crystals appear.
[0055] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modification, equivalent substitution or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A highly wear-resistant nickel-based high-temperature alloy, characterized in that: The mass percentages of the chemical components of the high wear-resistant nickel-based high-temperature alloy are: Fe: 18.7%-18.8%, Cr: 17.9%-18.2%, Mn: 2.1%-2.3%, Nb: 5.3%-5.5%, Mo: 2.7%-3.1%, W: 0.4%-0.8%, C: 0.4%-0.8%, Ti: 0.8%-0.9%, Al: 0.5%-0.8%, RE: 0.1%-0.2% and the balance Ni; wherein the percentages of the chemical components of the high wear-resistant nickel-based high-temperature alloy satisfy 2.7%≤Mn+W+RE≤3.1%; and the RE is a mixture of La, Hf and Y.
2. The high wear-resistant nickel-based high-temperature alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of La, Hf and Y is 1:0.1:0.5-1:0.2:0.
5.
3. The high wear-resistant nickel-based high-temperature alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metallographic structure of the high wear-resistant nickel-based high-temperature alloy is austenite γ matrix+carbide+δ phase, and the grain size is 9.0-10.
0.
4. A method for preparing a highly wear-resistant nickel-based high-temperature alloy according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Derusting and cutting the GH4169 alloy return material to obtain pre-treated return material; Step 2: According to the designed ratio, the pre-treated return material, tungsten carbide, metal manganese, metal lanthanum, metal hafnium and metal yttrium are subjected to vacuum melting, electroslag remelting and vacuum consumable melting to obtain a nickel-based high-temperature alloy ingot; Step 3, subjecting the nickel-based high-temperature alloy ingot to a primary homogenization annealing treatment at 1180° C.-1190° C., and then to a secondary homogenization annealing treatment at 1220° C.-1240° C., and cooling to 300° C.-350° C. to obtain a high-temperature alloy precursor; Step 4: subjecting the high-temperature alloy precursor to solution heat treatment and aging heat treatment in sequence to obtain a highly wear-resistant nickel-based high-temperature alloy.
5. The method for preparing a highly wear-resistant nickel-based high-temperature alloy according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step 1, the mass percentage of the components of the GH4169 alloy return material is: Fe: 16.7%-16.9%, Cr: 17.9%-18.2%, Nb: 5.3%-5.5%, Mo: 2.7%-3.1%, Ti: 0.8%-0.9%, Al: 0.5%-0.8% and the balance Ni.
6. The method for preparing a highly wear-resistant nickel-based high-temperature alloy according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step 2, the slag system of the electroslag remelting includes the following components in percentage by mass: 45%-50% CaF2, 25%-30% Al2O3, 10%-15% CaO and 5%-10% MgO.
7. The method for preparing a highly wear-resistant nickel-based high-temperature alloy according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step 3, the holding time of the homogenization annealing treatment is 20h-24h; and / or In step three, the holding time of the secondary homogenization annealing treatment is 15h-18h.
8. The method for preparing a highly wear-resistant nickel-based high-temperature alloy according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step 4, the temperature of the solution heat treatment is 1150°C-1180°C, and the time of the solution treatment is 10h-12h; and / or In step 4, the aging heat treatment includes two aging heat treatments, wherein the temperature of the first aging heat treatment is 650°C-690°C, and the temperature of the second aging heat treatment is 850°C-900°C.
9. The method for preparing a highly wear-resistant nickel-based high-temperature alloy according to claim 8, characterized in that: The holding time of the primary aging heat treatment is 18h-22h; and / or The holding time of the secondary aging heat treatment is 6h-8h.
10. Use of the high wear-resistant nickel-based high-temperature alloy according to any one of claims 1 to 3 in the preparation of aviation engine materials.