Steel rail fastener mounting method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of railway tracks, and particularly relates to a steel rail fastener mounting method which comprises the following steps: step 1, placing sleepers; secondly, baffle seats are placed on the sleepers; step 3, placing the under-rail backing plate; fourthly, the gauge apron is placed; 5, installing a W-shaped elastic strip; sixthly, the screw spikes sequentially penetrate through the W-shaped elastic strips and the gauge aprons to be in threaded connection with the pre-embedded sleeves, and a pre-assembled fastener system is formed; seventhly, the pre-assembled fastener system is moved to a track construction installation position; eighthly, the screw spikes are unscrewed, the gauge apron is lifted to buckle one end of the under-rail cushion plate, the steel rail is laid, and the gauge apron is put down; and ninthly, the screw spikes are tightened, and assembling is completed. Parts are placed in order, and the parts are not prone to being missed and lost; and when the sleeper is carried into a rail construction installation position from the side of the rail, the W-shaped elastic strip can be used as a hanging point, so that the sleeper can be conveniently carried on site, the efficiency is high, and the potential safety hazard during sleeper carrying is greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of railway tracks, and in particular relates to a method for installing a rail fastener. Background Art

[0002] Rail fasteners are parts on the track used to connect rails and sleepers (or other types of rail foundations), also known as intermediate connecting parts. Their function is to fix the rails on the sleepers, maintain the track gauge and prevent the rails from moving longitudinally and transversely relative to the sleepers.

[0003] The installation of rail fasteners usually involves transporting sleepers and components to the construction site and then installing them one by one. The installation steps are: move the sleepers to the track construction and installation site, and then install the rail fastener components and rails on the sleepers.

[0004] The shortcomings of the existing rail fastener installation method are: 1. There are many rail fastener parts, the on-site construction conditions are complicated, and the installation operation space is limited, which increases the construction difficulty to a certain extent. In addition, the sleepers and fastener parts on site arrive at the factory at different times during construction, resulting in messy placement, easy omission and loss, which invisibly increases the installation cost of the product and reduces the market competitiveness of the product. 2. During construction, the sleepers need to be moved from the side of the track to the track construction and installation site. Workers often wrap the sleepers with ropes and then use tools to move them. The winding process is cumbersome, and the safety problem of sleepers hitting people may occur during transportation due to loose winding. Sometimes, in narrow special construction areas such as tunnels and viaducts, workers need to work together to lift the sleepers to the track construction and installation site, which is inefficient. In addition, the sleepers are smooth except for the bottom surface of the sleepers. Workers can only hug the sleepers, and the dangerous situation of sleepers pressing their hands often occurs. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a rail fastener installation method, wherein the parts are arranged in an orderly manner and are not easily missed or lost; and when the sleepers are moved from the side of the track to the track construction and installation site, the W-shaped spring bars can be used as lifting points to form a lifting structure, and the W-shaped spring bars can also be used as hand gripping points to form a hand lifting structure, which is convenient for the on-site movement of sleepers, has high efficiency, is applicable to construction conditions in various narrow areas, and greatly reduces the safety hazards during the transportation of sleepers.

[0006] The object of the present invention is achieved in that:

[0007] A rail fastener installation method comprises the following steps:

[0008] Step 1: Place the sleepers with pre-buried casings;

[0009] Step 2: Place two baffle seats on the sleeper, and the baffle seats fit on the shoulder and rail surface of the sleeper;

[0010] Step 3: Place the rail pad in the middle of the sleeper;

[0011] Step 4: Place two gauge baffles on the sleeper, with one end of the gauge baffle placed on the baffle seat and the other end pressed on the rail pad;

[0012] Step 5: Install a W-shaped spring clip on each gauge baffle, with the rail end of the W-shaped spring clip placed on the mounting plane of the gauge baffle, and the tailstock end of the W-shaped spring clip placed on the mounting groove of the gauge baffle;

[0013] Step 6: The spiral spikes are screwed through the W-shaped spring bars, the gauge baffles and the embedded casing in sequence, and the spiral spikes are tightened to form a pre-assembled fastener system;

[0014] Step 7: Move the pre-assembled fastener system to the track construction and installation site;

[0015] Step 8: Loosen the spiral spike, lift the gauge baffle to buckle one end of the rail pad, lay the rail, and then put down the gauge baffle;

[0016] Step 9: Tighten the spiral spikes to complete the assembly.

[0017] In the above-mentioned method for installing a rail fastener with a lifting function, a step A is further provided between the steps five and six: a flat washer is put on the spiral spike and special railway grease is applied.

[0018] In the above-mentioned rail fastener installation method, after assembly is completed, when the rail needs to be raised, the spiral spike is loosened, the rail is lifted, the height adjustment pad is placed under the rail bottom pad, then the rail 8 is lowered, and finally the spiral spike is tightened.

[0019] In the above-mentioned rail fastener installation method, an external thread is provided on the outer wall of the embedded sleeve and an internal thread is provided on the inner wall. The pitch of the external thread is the same as that of the internal thread, and the rotation direction of the external thread is the same as that of the internal thread. The cross-section of the thread groove of the external thread is semicircular, and the cross-section of the thread groove of the internal thread is an unequal trapezoid. In the axial cross-sectional view of the embedded sleeve, the center of the upper force-bearing surface of the internal thread groove and the line connecting the center of the circle of the external thread groove are arranged perpendicular to the upper force-bearing surface.

[0020] In the above-mentioned method for installing a rail fastener with a lifting function, the inclination angle of the upper force-bearing surface is 45°.

[0021] In the above-mentioned rail fastener installation method, the front and rear ends of the baffle seat are respectively provided with blocks for longitudinally limiting the track gauge baffle.

[0022] In the above-mentioned method for installing a rail fastener with a lifting function, the stop block and the baffle seat are an integrated structure.

[0023] In the above-mentioned rail fastener installation method, one end of the gauge baffle clamping rail bottom pad is provided with a clamping plate for clamping the rail and a limit block for laterally limiting the rail, the installation plane is the upper surface of the clamping plate, the lower surface of the clamping plate gradually tilts upward from the inside to the outside, and the inclination angle of the lower surface of the clamping plate is the same as the inclination angle of the clamping surface of the rail.

[0024] In the above-mentioned rail fastener installation method, the installation groove is an arc groove adapted to the tailstock end, the gauge baffle is placed on one end of the baffle seat and is arc-shaped, and the lower surface of the end is an arc surface concentric with the arc groove, and the baffle seat is provided with an arc groove adapted to the gauge baffle.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following outstanding and beneficial technical effects:

[0026] The present invention first pre-installs the baffle seat, the rail pad, the gauge baffle, and the W-shaped spring bar on the sleeper through spiral spikes to form a whole. The parts are arranged in an orderly manner, and the parts are not easily missed or lost. The pre-assembly process can be completed in the sleeper factory, which effectively reduces the pressure of cargo stacking and management on the construction site and improves the efficiency of on-site construction; and when the sleeper is moved from the side of the track to the track construction and installation site, the W-shaped spring bar can be used as a lifting point to form a lifting structure, and the W-shaped spring bar can also be used as a hand gripping point to form a hand lifting structure, which is convenient for the on-site sleeper to be moved, efficient, suitable for construction conditions in various narrow areas, and greatly reduces the safety hazards during sleeper transportation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a stereogram of the pre-assembled state of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 It is a stereoscopic diagram of the rail of the present invention after installation;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a half-section view of the rail of the present invention in a state where the left side is raised and the right side is not raised after the rail is installed;

[0030] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of the embedded sleeve of the present invention.

[0031] Figure numerals: 1. embedded sleeve; 1a. external thread; 1b. internal thread; 1b1. upper force-bearing surface; 2. sleeper; 2a. shoulder; 2b. rail bearing surface; 3. baffle seat; 4. rail pad; 5. gauge baffle; 5a. installation plane; 5b. installation groove; 5c. buckling plate; 5d. limit block; 6. W-shaped spring bar; 6a. rail end; 6b. tailstock end; 7. spiral spike; 8. rail; 8a. buckling surface; 9. flat washer; 10. height adjustment pad; 11. baffle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments of the present invention. Figure 1 —4:

[0033] A rail fastener installation method comprises the following steps:

[0034] Step 1: Place the sleeper 2 with the pre-embedded casing 1;

[0035] Step 2: Place two baffle seats 3 on the sleeper 2, and the baffle seats 3 are attached to the shoulder 2a and the rail bearing surface 2b of the sleeper 2;

[0036] Step 3: Place the rail pad 4 in the middle of the sleeper 2;

[0037] Step 4: Place two gauge baffles 5 on the sleeper 2, with one end of the gauge baffle 5 placed on the baffle seat 3 and the other end buckled on the rail pad 4;

[0038] Step 5: Install a W-shaped spring bar 6 on each gauge baffle 5, with the rail end 6a of the W-shaped spring bar 6 placed on the mounting plane 5a of the gauge baffle 5, and the tail end 6b of the W-shaped spring bar 6 placed on the mounting groove 5b of the gauge baffle 5;

[0039] Step 6: The spiral spike 7 passes through the W-shaped spring bar 6, the gauge baffle 5 and the embedded casing 1 in sequence, and the spiral spike 7 is tightened to form a pre-assembled fastener system;

[0040] Step 7: Move the pre-assembled fastener system to the track construction and installation site;

[0041] Step 8: Loosen the spiral spike 7, lift the gauge baffle 5 to buckle one end of the rail pad 4, lay the rail 8, and then put down the gauge baffle 5;

[0042] Step 9: Tighten the spiral spike 7 to complete the assembly.

[0043] The present invention first pre-installs the baffle seat 3, the rail pad 4, the gauge baffle 5, and the W-shaped spring bar 6 on the sleeper 2 through the spiral spikes 7 to form a whole. The parts are arranged in an orderly manner, and the parts are not easily missed or lost. The pre-assembly process can be completed in the sleeper factory, which effectively reduces the pressure of cargo stacking and management on the construction site and improves the efficiency of on-site construction; and when the sleeper 2 is moved from the side of the track to the track construction and installation site, the W-shaped spring bar 6 can be used as a lifting point to form a lifting structure, and the W-shaped spring bar 6 can also be used as a hand gripping point to form a hand lifting structure, which is convenient for the on-site movement of the sleeper 2, has high efficiency, is suitable for construction conditions in various narrow areas, and greatly reduces the safety hazards when the sleeper 2 is transported.

[0044] The present invention can predict in advance whether all parts meet the assembly requirements by pre-assembling the parts in the assembly factory, and perform assembly inspection in advance, which solves the problem that the fasteners and sleepers cannot be adapted on site due to quality problems after arriving at the construction site. At the same time, after installation according to this installation method, the embedded sleeve 1 has been screwed with the spiral spike 7, which not only can remove the traditional sleeve plug component in the assembly factory, but also can effectively prevent the sleeper sleeve from failing due to the entry of sand and stones.

[0045] Pre-assembly not only simplifies the workload and cost of installation and maintenance, but also allows for better control of component quality and low subsequent maintenance costs. It also achieves optimal coordination between the lateral block and the lateral shoulder, reduces the processing size of components, and increases the stability and reliability of the fasteners.

[0046] Furthermore, step A is provided between step five and step six: the spiral spike 7 is covered with a flat washer 9 and coated with railway-specific grease.

[0047] In order to adjust the height of the rail 8, after assembly is completed, when the rail 8 needs to be raised, the spiral spike 7 is loosened, the rail 8 is lifted, the height adjustment pad 10 is placed under the rail pad 4, then the rail 8 is lowered, and finally the spiral spike 7 is tightened.

[0048] In order to make the wall thickness of the embedded sleeve 1 more uniform, Figure 4 As shown, an external thread 1a is provided on the outer wall of the embedded casing 1, and an internal thread 1b is provided on the inner wall. The pitch of the external thread 1a is the same as that of the internal thread 1b, and the rotation direction of the external thread 1a is the same as that of the internal thread 1b. The cross-section of the thread groove of the external thread 1a is semicircular, and the cross-section of the thread groove of the internal thread 1b is an unequal trapezoid. In the axial cross-sectional view of the embedded casing 1, the center of the upper force-bearing surface 1b1 of the thread groove of the internal thread 1b and the line connecting the center of the circle of the thread groove of the external thread 1a are perpendicular to the upper force-bearing surface 1b1, so that the wall thickness of the embedded casing 1 on both sides of the semicircular thread groove of the external thread 1a is uniform, the pipe wall is not easy to break, and the wall thickness is moderate, so that the upward force of the spiral spike 7 is better transmitted to the concrete outside the embedded casing 1, and the overall performance and service life of the casing are effectively improved.

[0049] In this embodiment, the pitch of the external thread 1a and the pitch of the internal thread 1b are 12.5 mm.

[0050] In order to make the embedded casing 1 bear force more evenly, the upper bearing surface 1b1 has an inclination angle of 45°. The upward pulling force of the spiral spike 7 is decomposed into an upward force along the upper bearing surface 1b1 and an outward thrust perpendicular to the upper bearing surface 1b1. The two forces are equal, which facilitates the embedded casing 1 to bear force.

[0051] In order to facilitate the installation of the gauge baffle 5 and prevent the gauge baffle 5 from falling out, as shown in FIG. Figure 1-3As shown, the front and rear ends of the baffle seat 3 are respectively provided with blocks 11 for longitudinally limiting the gauge baffle 5.

[0052] Preferably, the stopper 11 and the baffle seat 3 are an integrated structure.

[0053] In order to better buckle the rail 8 with the gauge baffle 5 and ensure the uniformity and stability of the buckling force, a buckling plate 5c for buckling the rail 8 and a limit block 5d for lateral positioning of the rail 8 are provided at one end of the gauge baffle 5 buckling the rail bottom pad 4, the installation plane 5a is the upper surface of the buckling plate 5c, the lower surface of the buckling plate 5c gradually tilts upward from the inside to the outside, and the inclination angle of the lower surface of the buckling plate 5c is the same as the inclination angle of the buckling surface 8a of the rail 8. The limit block 5d provides a stable side stop for the lateral positioning of the rail 8 and improves the lateral resistance.

[0054] Furthermore, the W-shaped spring bar 6 is an arched circular arc structure, the mounting groove 5b is an arc groove matched with the tailstock end 6b, the end of the gauge baffle 5 placed on the baffle seat 3 is arc-shaped, and the lower surface of the end is an arc surface concentric with the arc groove, and the baffle seat 3 is provided with an arc groove matched with the gauge baffle 5. When the gauge baffle 5 is subjected to the lateral load from the rail 8, the force of the gauge baffle 5 will be transmitted to the baffle seat 3 and the W-shaped spring bar 6 through the arc surface, the baffle seat 3 will transmit the force to the sleeper 2, and the W-shaped spring bar 6 will release the force to the buckling end due to its arched circular arc structure, forming a greater buckling pressure.

[0055] The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rail fastener installation method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Arrange the rail sleeper (2) with the pre-embedded casing (1) pre-embedded; Step 2: two baffle seats (3) are placed on the sleeper (2), and the baffle seats (3) are fitted on the baffle shoulder (2a) and the rail bearing surface (2b) of the sleeper (2); Step 3: placing the rail pad (4) in the middle of the sleeper (2); Step 4: two gauge baffles (5) are placed on the sleeper (2), with one end of the gauge baffle (5) placed on the baffle seat (3) and the other end pressed on the rail bottom pad (4); Step 5: A W-shaped spring bar (6) is installed on each track gauge baffle (5), the rail end (6a) of the W-shaped spring bar (6) is placed on the mounting plane (5a) of the track gauge baffle (5), and the tail end (6b) of the W-shaped spring bar (6) is placed on the mounting groove (5b) of the track gauge baffle (5); Step 6: The spiral spike (7) is sequentially passed through the W-shaped spring bar (6), the gauge baffle (5) and the embedded casing (1) and screwed together, and the spiral spike (7) is tightened to form a preassembled fastener system; Step 7: Move the pre-assembled fastener system to the track construction and installation site; Step 8: Loosen the spiral spike (7), lift the gauge baffle (5) to buckle one end of the rail pad (4), lay the rail (8), and then put down the gauge baffle (5); Step 9: Tighten the spiral spike (7) to complete the assembly.

2. A rail fastener installation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the assembly is completed, when it is necessary to raise the rail (8), the spiral spike (7) is loosened, the rail (8) is lifted, the height adjustment pad (10) is placed below the rail bottom pad (4), the rail (8) is then lowered, and finally the spiral spike (7) is tightened.

3. A rail fastener installation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The embedded sleeve (1) is provided with an external thread (1a) on its outer side wall and an internal thread (1b) on its inner side wall. The pitch of the external thread (1a) and the internal thread (1b) are the same, and the direction of rotation of the external thread (1a) and the internal thread (1b) are the same. The cross section of the thread groove of the external thread (1a) is semicircular, and the cross section of the thread groove of the internal thread (1b) is an isosceles trapezoid. In the axial cross-sectional view of the embedded sleeve (1), the center of the upper force-bearing surface (1b1) of the thread groove of the internal thread (1b) and the line connecting the center of the circle of the thread groove of the external thread (1a) are arranged perpendicular to the upper force-bearing surface (1b1).

4. A rail fastener installation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front and rear ends of the baffle seat (3) are respectively provided with baffles (11) for longitudinally limiting the track gauge baffle (5).

5. A rail fastener installation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the track gauge baffle (5) that clamps the rail bottom pad (4) is provided with a clamping plate (5c) for clamping the steel rail (8) and a limit block (5d) for lateral limiting the steel rail (8); the mounting plane (5a) is the upper surface of the clamping plate (5c); the lower surface of the clamping plate (5c) gradually tilts upward from the inside to the outside, and the inclination angle of the lower surface of the clamping plate (5c) is the same as the inclination angle of the clamping surface (8a) of the steel rail (8).

6. A rail fastener installation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting groove (5b) is an arc-shaped groove matched with the tailstock end (6b); one end of the track gauge baffle (5) placed on the baffle seat (3) is arc-shaped, and the lower surface of the end is an arc surface concentric with the arc-shaped groove; the baffle seat (3) is provided with an arc-shaped groove matched with the track gauge baffle (5).

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