End socket, heat exchanger and application of end socket and heat exchanger

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of aviation, and particularly relates to an end socket, a heat exchanger and application thereof. The invention provides an end socket which comprises an end socket body and a filling heat exchange part, the end socket body is a hollow cavity with the two ends open, a tree-shaped flow channel is formed in the hollow cavity, and the filling heat exchange part is arranged in the cavity, except the tree-shaped flow channel, of the end socket body. The invention further provides a heat exchanger comprising a core body and the end socket. The invention further provides application of the end socket and / or the heat exchanger. According to the end socket, layer-by-layer shunting of cooling fluid is achieved through the tree-shaped flow channels of the end socket body, so that the flow channels of the cooling fluid are uniformly shunted layer by layer, and the uniform heat exchange effect is ensured; the synchronous cooling of the filling heat exchange part is matched, so that the cooling effect of the end socket is further optimized; the technical defects that in the prior art, a condensation heat exchanger used for reducing turbine inlet airflow cannot give consideration to the good cooling effect, and the size and the weight cannot meet the installation requirements easily are overcome.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of aviation technology, and in particular relates to a head, a heat exchanger and applications thereof. Background Art

[0002] Aviation turbine engines are the mainstream aviation engine solution, with the characteristics of horizontal take-off and landing, reusability and high specific impulse. The aerodynamic heating effect usually limits the flight limit of modern advanced aviation turbine engines to Ma2.5. If you want to further increase the flight speed of the turbine, you need to reduce the turbine inlet air temperature to offset the increase in intake temperature caused by the aerodynamic heating effect during high-speed flight, so that the turbine can fly at a higher speed.

[0003] In the prior art, condensing heat exchangers used to reduce turbine inlet airflow generally include two types: capillary heat exchangers and plate-fin heat exchangers. The capillary heat exchanger has the defect that the heat exchange capacity cannot meet the actual use requirements, while the plate-fin heat exchanger has the problem of being overweight or oversized.

[0004] Therefore, a head, a heat exchanger and their applications have been developed to solve the technical defects in the prior art that the condensing heat exchanger used to reduce the turbine inlet airflow has difficulty in achieving a good cooling effect while having a size and weight that meet installation requirements. This has become an urgent problem to be solved by technical personnel in this field. Summary of the invention

[0005] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a head, a heat exchanger and their applications in view of the technical defects in the existing technology that the condensing heat exchanger used to reduce the turbine inlet airflow has difficulty in achieving a good cooling effect and a size and weight that meet installation requirements.

[0006] The present application provides a sealing head, the sealing head comprising: a sealing head body and a filling heat exchange part, the sealing head body is a hollow cavity with two ends open, a tree-shaped flow channel is arranged inside the hollow cavity, a cooling fluid flows inside the tree-shaped flow channel, the root of the tree-shaped flow channel is arranged at the inlet end of the sealing head body, and the crown of the tree-shaped flow channel is arranged at the outlet end of the sealing head body;

[0007] The filling heat exchange part is arranged in the cavity of the head body except the tree-shaped flow channel.

[0008] In one of the embodiments, the sealing head further comprises: a sealing portion, wherein the sealing portion is disposed at the outlet end of the sealing head.

[0009] In one embodiment, the sealing portion includes: a plurality of grooves and sealing strips, wherein the sealing strips are respectively arranged inside the grooves, and both ends of the sealing strips extend out of the end surfaces of the grooves;

[0010] The groove is arranged at the outlet end of the sealing head body and extends out of the end surface of the outlet end.

[0011] In one embodiment, the head is selected from any one or more of aluminum alloy, stainless steel, high temperature alloy and silicon carbide.

[0012] In one embodiment, the form of the filled heat exchange part is selected from any one or more of metal foam, metal fins and metal pin fins.

[0013] In one embodiment, the cooling fluid is selected from any one or more of water, kerosene, ethylene glycol, sodium potassium alloy, gallium indium tin alloy, lead bismuth alloy and mercury.

[0014] The present application also provides a heat exchanger, comprising: a core and a head as described in any one of the above items, wherein the number of the heads is two;

[0015] The core is a cross-flow plate core, the inlet end of the core is connected to the outlet end of one of the seals, and the outlet end of the core is connected to the inlet end of the other seal.

[0016] In one of the embodiments, the heat exchanger further includes: a flange mounting edge, wherein the flange mounting edge is used to connect the core and the head.

[0017] The present application also provides an application of a head as described in any one of the above items and / or a heat exchanger as described in any one of the above items in an aircraft engine, a variable cycle engine, and a hypersonic turbine-based combined power.

[0018] In summary, the present application provides a head, the head comprising: a head body and a filling heat exchange part, the head body is a hollow cavity with openings at both ends, a tree-shaped flow channel is provided inside the hollow cavity, a cooling fluid flows inside the tree-shaped flow channel, the root of the tree-shaped flow channel is arranged at the inlet end of the head body, and the crown of the tree-shaped flow channel is arranged at the outlet end of the head body; the filling heat exchange part is arranged in the cavity of the head body except the tree-shaped flow channel. The present application also provides a heat exchanger, the heat exchanger comprises: a core body and the above-mentioned head, the number of the heads is two; the core body is a cross-flow plate core body, the inlet end of the core body is connected to the outlet end of one of the seals, and the outlet end of the core body is connected to the inlet end of the other head. The present application also provides an application of the above-mentioned head and / or the above-mentioned heat exchanger in aircraft engines, variable cycle engines and hypersonic turbine-based combined power. In the technical solution provided by the present application, the tree-shaped flow channels of the head body realize the layer-by-layer diversion of the cooling fluid, so that the flow channels of the cooling fluid are evenly diverted layer by layer, ensuring a uniform heat exchange effect; at the same time, the cooling effect of the head is further optimized by the synchronous cooling of the filling heat exchange part. The head, heat exchanger and application provided by the present application solve the technical defects in the prior art that the condensing heat exchanger used to reduce the turbine inlet airflow has difficulty in taking into account both a good cooling effect and a size and weight that meet installation requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying any creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a head in the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 2 In the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a heat exchanger;

[0022] Figure 3 A partially enlarged schematic cross-sectional view of a sealing portion in a sealing head provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Among them, the head 1, the head body 11, the filling heat exchange part 12, the sealing strip 131, the groove 132, the core 2 and the flange installation edge 3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The embodiments of the present application provide a head, a heat exchanger and applications thereof, which are used to solve the technical defects in the prior art that the condensing heat exchanger used to reduce the turbine inlet airflow has difficulty in achieving a good cooling effect while having a size and weight that meet installation requirements.

[0025] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present application, so the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0026] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0027] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0028] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0029] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being “above” or “below” a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being “above”, “above”, and “above” a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being “below”, “below”, and “below” a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0030] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be a central element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to be the only implementation method.

[0031] See also Figure 1 The embodiment of the present application provides a head 1, comprising: a head body 11 and a filling heat exchange part 12. The head body 11 is a hollow cavity with openings at both ends. A tree-shaped flow channel is provided inside the hollow cavity. A cooling fluid flows through the tree-shaped flow channel. The root of the tree-shaped flow channel is arranged at the inlet end of the head body 11, and the crown of the tree-shaped flow channel is arranged at the outlet end of the head body 11; the filling heat exchange part 12 is arranged in the cavity of the head body 11 except the tree-shaped flow channel. The embodiment of the present application provides a head 1, a heat exchanger and its application, which solves the technical defect in the prior art that the condensing heat exchanger used to reduce the turbine inlet airflow has difficulty in taking into account both a good cooling effect and a size and weight that meet installation requirements.

[0032] In the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present application, the head body 11 is a hollow cavity, and the tree-shaped flow channel inside the hollow cavity is used to pass the cooling fluid. The root of the tree-shaped flow channel is set at the inlet end of the head body 11. After the cooling fluid enters the tree-shaped flow channel, it is divided into two, two into four, and four into eight in sequence, thereby realizing the uniform distribution of the cooling fluid after entering the head 1. After the cooling fluid is evenly dispersed in the head body 11, it flows out of the head body 11 through the crown of the tree-shaped flow channel. Since the tree-shaped flow channels for passing the cooling fluid are evenly distributed inside the head body 11, the cooling fluid can also be evenly distributed. When the external high-temperature airflow passes through the head 1, it can fully exchange heat with the cooling fluid at various locations inside the head 1, thereby effectively ensuring the optimization of the cooling effect of the head body 11. On the basis of achieving the preset heat exchange effect, the volume and weight of the head body 11 can be minimized.

[0033] At the same time, in addition to the tree-shaped flow channel, a filling heat exchange part 12 is provided, and the filling heat exchange part 12 can also exchange heat with the external high-temperature airflow to effectively cool the high-temperature airflow. The filling heat exchange part 12 cooperates with the cooling fluid in the tree-shaped flow channel to exchange heat and cool down, ensuring that the head 1 has a good cooling effect.

[0034] The head 1 with a tree-shaped flow channel provided in the embodiment of the present application can reduce the volume occupied by the cooling fluid in the head 1 and reduce the flow loss caused by repeated expansion / compression of the flow path, and solves the problems of a significant increase in the size of the heat exchanger caused by the lengthening of the head 1 and the series flow of the cooling fluid layers.

[0035] During the preparation of the head 1, in order to effectively improve the preparation efficiency of the head 1, while taking into account the uniform dispersion of the tree-shaped flow channel structure in the head 1 as well as a longer service life and lower manufacturing cost, in the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, the head 1 is a 3D printed head 1.

[0036] See further here Figure 3 In the process of the cooling fluid passing through the head 1 and then flowing through other structures, in order to effectively prevent the leakage of the cooling fluid and affect the cooling effect of the head 1 and other structures on the external high-temperature airflow, a head 1 provided in an embodiment of the present application also includes: a sealing part, which is arranged at the outlet end of the head 1.

[0037] To further optimize the technical solution, on the basis of ensuring a good sealing effect of the sealing head 1, while taking into account that after the sealing part is installed, there will be no inconvenience caused to the connection between the head 1 and other structures. In a head 1 provided in the present application, the sealing part includes: a plurality of grooves 132 and a sealing strip 131. The sealing strip 131 is respectively arranged inside the groove 132, and the two ends of the sealing strip 131 extend out of the end surface of the groove 132; the groove 132 is arranged at the outlet end of the head body 11 and extends out of the end surface of the outlet end. When the head 1 is assembled with other structures, such as the core 2, the core 2 is inserted into the groove 132. At this time, the core 2 will squeeze the sealing strip 131, and the sealing strip 131 will be deformed, blocking the outlet side edge of the head 1, so that the cooling fluid at the outlet end of the head 1 can smoothly enter the core 2 without leakage and flowing into other flow channels.

[0038] On the basis of ensuring a good sealing effect of the sealing strip 131 and taking into account the ability to quickly deform when extrusion occurs, in the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, the sealing strip 131 is a soft metal sealing strip 131.

[0039] Compared with the end cap without heat exchange capability in the prior art, the end cap of the present application provides additional heat exchange capability, and further, the structure of the tree-shaped flow channel can further reduce the weight of the end cap by more than 50%.

[0040] To ensure that the cooling fluid inside the head 1 can quickly exchange heat with the airflow outside the head 1, and at the same time, the head 1 itself can also perform auxiliary heat exchange, in the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, the head 1 is selected from: any one or more of aluminum alloy, stainless steel, high-temperature alloy and silicon carbide.

[0041] On the basis of ensuring that the filling heat exchange part 12 has a good cooling effect on the external airflow, while taking into account the design requirement of lightweight filling heat exchange part 12, in a head 1 provided in an embodiment of the present application, the form of the filling heat exchange part 12 is selected from: any one or more of metal foam, metal fins and metal needle fins.

[0042] In the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, according to the actual cooling demand and taking into account the counterweight design, the cooling fluid can have a larger specific heat capacity and better fluidity. In a head 1 provided in the embodiment of the present application, the cooling fluid is selected from any one or more of: water, kerosene, ethylene glycol, sodium-potassium alloy, gallium-indium-tin alloy, lead-bismuth alloy and mercury.

[0043] See here Figure 2 The present application also provides a heat exchanger, comprising: a core 2 and any one of the above-mentioned heads 1, the number of heads 1 being two; the core 2 being a cross-flow plate core 2, the inlet end of the core 2 being connected to the outlet end of one of the seals, and the outlet end of the core 2 being connected to the inlet end of another head 1. After the cooling fluid enters the core 2 through the head 1, the core 2 continues to exchange heat and cool down with the external high-temperature airflow, and after the cooling is completed, the high-temperature cooling fluid is effectively collected through another head 1, so that the external cooling fluid can continuously pass through the heat exchanger, realizing the continuous cooling of the external high-temperature airflow.

[0044] To further optimize the technical solution, a heat exchanger provided in an embodiment of the present application further includes: a flange mounting edge 3, and the flange mounting edge 3 is used to connect the core 2 and the head 1. The flange mounting edge 3 is used to connect and fix the head 1 and the core 2, thereby effectively ensuring the stability of the heat exchanger structure.

[0045] A head 1 and / or heat exchanger provided in an embodiment of the present application has the advantages of light weight, small size and good heat exchange effect, and can be widely used in the fields of aircraft engines, variable cycle engines and hypersonic turbine-based combined power.

[0046] In summary, the present application provides a head, the head comprising: a head body and a filling heat exchange part, the head body is a hollow cavity with openings at both ends, a tree-shaped flow channel is provided inside the hollow cavity, a cooling fluid flows inside the tree-shaped flow channel, the root of the tree-shaped flow channel is arranged at the inlet end of the head body, and the crown of the tree-shaped flow channel is arranged at the outlet end of the head body; the filling heat exchange part is arranged in the cavity of the head body except the tree-shaped flow channel. The present application also provides a heat exchanger, the heat exchanger comprises: a core body and the above-mentioned head, the number of the heads is two; the core body is a cross-flow plate core body, the inlet end of the core body is connected to the outlet end of one of the seals, and the outlet end of the core body is connected to the inlet end of the other head. The present application also provides an application of the above-mentioned head and / or the above-mentioned heat exchanger in aircraft engines, variable cycle engines and hypersonic turbine-based combined power. In the technical solution provided by the present application, the tree-shaped flow channels of the head body realize the layer-by-layer diversion of the cooling fluid, so that the flow channels of the cooling fluid are evenly diverted layer by layer, ensuring a uniform heat exchange effect; at the same time, the cooling effect of the head is further optimized by the synchronous cooling of the filling heat exchange part. The head, heat exchanger and application provided by the present application solve the technical defects in the prior art that the condensing heat exchanger used to reduce the turbine inlet airflow has difficulty in taking into account both a good cooling effect and a size and weight that meet installation requirements.

[0047] The technical features of the above-mentioned embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-mentioned embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification. At the same time, other implementation methods can be derived from the above-mentioned embodiments, so that structural and logical replacements and changes can be made without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0048] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A head, characterized in that: The end cap comprises: an end cap body and a filling heat exchange part, wherein the end cap body is a hollow cavity with openings at both ends, a tree-shaped flow channel is arranged inside the hollow cavity, a cooling fluid flows inside the tree-shaped flow channel, a root of the tree-shaped flow channel is arranged at the inlet end of the end cap body, and a crown of the tree-shaped flow channel is arranged at the outlet end of the end cap body; The filling heat exchange part is arranged in the cavity of the head body except the tree-shaped flow channel.

2. The end cap according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing head further comprises: a sealing portion, which is arranged at the outlet end of the sealing head.

3. The end cap according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sealing part comprises: a plurality of grooves and sealing strips, wherein the sealing strips are respectively arranged inside the grooves, and the two ends of the sealing strips extend out of the end surfaces of the grooves; The groove is arranged at the outlet end of the sealing head body and extends out of the end surface of the outlet end.

4. The end cap according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The head is selected from any one or more of aluminum alloy, stainless steel, high-temperature alloy and silicon carbide.

5. The end cap according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The form of the filled heat exchange part is selected from any one or more of metal foam, metal fins and metal pin fins.

6. The end cap according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The cooling fluid is selected from any one or more of water, kerosene, ethylene glycol, sodium potassium alloy, gallium indium tin alloy, lead bismuth alloy and mercury.

7. A heat exchanger, characterized in that: The heat exchanger comprises: a core and a head according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the number of the heads is two; The core is a cross-flow plate core, the inlet end of the core is connected to the outlet end of one of the seals, and the outlet end of the core is connected to the inlet end of the other seal.

8. The heat exchanger according to claim 7, characterized in that The heat exchanger further comprises: a flange mounting edge, wherein the flange mounting edge is used to connect the core body and the head.

9. An application of the head described in any one of claims 1 to 6 and / or the heat exchanger described in any one of claims 7 to 8 in aircraft engines, variable cycle engines and hypersonic turbine-based combined power.

Images