Surveying and mapping device for quickly marking measuring points and surveying and mapping method implemented by utilizing surveying and mapping device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of surveying and mapping, in particular to a surveying and mapping device capable of quickly marking measuring points and a surveying and mapping method implemented by the surveying and mapping device. The surveying and mapping device comprises two distance measuring wheel sets which are oppositely spaced and symmetrically arranged, and a center distance measuring marking unit is arranged between the two distance measuring wheel sets; the left end and the right end of the center distance measuring marking unit are connected with the inner ends of the distance measuring wheel sets on the corresponding sides in a matched mode, and a handheld observation unit is arranged on the rear side of the upper portion of the center distance measuring marking unit. And a solar power storage unit is detachably mounted at the top of the handheld observation unit above the central distance measurement marking unit. The surveying and mapping device can be used for realizing manual push type distance measurement and surveying and mapping on a curved road or a shielded road outdoors; the operation is simple and fast, and continuous pushing measurement can be kept after turning at a turning part as required by hand-held pushing during curve measurement; and the tedious operation of multi-point fixed pile measurement and positioning required when a traditional surveying instrument or a geographic surveying device is used for surveying and mapping a curved road surface is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of surveying and mapping technology, in particular to a surveying and mapping device for quickly marking measuring points and a surveying and mapping method using the same. Background Art

[0002] Outdoor surveying generally requires measuring and mapping geographic information in an outdoor environment. When completing the surveying work, surveyors are generally required to configure special surveying equipment. Among them, surveying equipment is an instrument used for professional surveying and mapping operations and is often used for outdoor distance measurement.

[0003] After searching, it can be found that in the patent document with patent application number CN202120209088.3, ​​an outdoor surveying instrument for geographic surveying is disclosed. Its main structure includes a base plate, a support column, a geographic surveyor, a protective box and other main structures. The improvement lies in the addition of ground spikes to enhance the stability of the ground, and the up and down adjustment is achieved through the first gear, the second gear and the rotating rod, and the left and right adjustment is achieved through the annular magnetic slider and the semicircular block structure, thereby enhancing the azimuth flexibility of the geographic surveyor.

[0004] Based on actual surveying and mapping experience, it is found that when using the above-mentioned types of outdoor surveying instruments in outdoor environments, they usually have many shortcomings: The above-mentioned rangefinder relies on a geographic surveyor and a camera to achieve mapping. When used in complex outdoor environments or environments with large obstructions, its single measurement range will be short. In particular, when encountering curved roads or rugged terrain, it is necessary to mark multiple points along the mapping route. Fixed-point operation will require frequent movement of the surveyor, making mapping difficult.

[0005] When the geographic surveyor relying on the above-mentioned rangefinder performs topographic mapping, when the outdoor ground is rough or rugged, it can only complete the mapping of the landform, while the mapping accuracy of the terrain is poor.

[0006] Based on this, the present invention summarizes and optimizes the problems existing in actual outdoor surveying and mapping work, and hereby proposes a tool with a compact structure that can quickly mark outdoor complex terrain measuring points and a surveying and mapping method implemented using the tool, so as to better solve the problems existing in the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0007] The present invention solves one of the above technical problems, and the technical solution adopted is: a surveying and mapping device for quickly marking measuring points, comprising two relatively spaced and symmetrically arranged distance measuring wheel groups, a central distance measuring marking unit is arranged between the two distance measuring wheel groups, the left and right ends of the central distance measuring marking unit are respectively connected with the inner ends of the distance measuring wheel groups on the corresponding sides, the two distance measuring wheel groups are in an independent operation state when working, a handheld observation unit is arranged on the upper rear side of the central distance measuring marking unit, the lower end of the handheld observation unit is installed on the outer sides of the left and right ends of the central distance measuring marking unit, and a solar energy storage unit is detachably installed on the top of the handheld observation unit above the central distance measuring marking unit, and the solar energy storage unit is used to supply power to the central distance measuring marking unit and the handheld observation unit.

[0008] In any of the above schemes, preferably, the distance measuring wheel group includes a horizontally arranged transmission shaft, a rubber walking wheel group is coaxially fixedly installed on the outer end of the transmission shaft, and end locking nuts are respectively screwed on the outer threaded outer walls of the transmission shaft on the left and right sides of the rubber walking wheel group, and the two end locking nuts cooperate to achieve clamping and positioning of the rubber walking wheel group. When the rubber walking wheel group is in use, the bottom of its outer wall abuts against the ground to be surveyed, and a spline steel shaft is integrally formed at the inner end of the transmission shaft, and the inner end of the spline steel shaft is keyed to the spline slot hole at the corresponding end of the central distance measuring mark unit.

[0009] In any of the above schemes, it is preferred that the center distance measuring marking unit includes a horizontally arranged rectangular frame, and baffle seats are installed at the openings on the front and rear sides of the rectangular frame, and flange sleeves are fixedly installed on the outer walls at the center ports at the left and right ends of the rectangular frame respectively, and the left and right sides of the lower end of the handheld observation unit are coaxially fixedly installed on the middle outer walls of the flange sleeve at their corresponding positions, and a spline linkage tube is respectively inserted in the central inner tube of each flange sleeve, and a spline slot hole that is matched with the spline steel shaft key is provided in the tube cavity of each spline linkage tube, and the inner end of the spline linkage tube extends to the interior of the rectangular frame and cooperates with the counting component arranged therein; and a coding marking component is installed in the inner center of the rectangular frame.

[0010] In any of the above schemes, preferably, a strong adsorption magnet is fixed at the center of the inner end surface of each of the spline slot holes, and the strong adsorption magnet is used to achieve magnetic fixation of the inner end surface of the spline steel shaft.

[0011] In any of the above schemes, it is preferred that two baffle plates are arranged at intervals in the internal space of the rectangular frame; the two baffle plates divide the internal space of the rectangular frame into a middle cavity in the middle and side cavities on both sides, and a metering and distance measuring module is installed in each of the side cavities, and the outer ends of the two metering and distance measuring modules are respectively used to cooperate with the multi-tooth gears coaxially fixedly connected on the middle outer wall of the spline linkage tube at their corresponding positions, and the inner end of the spline linkage tube is inserted into the inner bearing seat at its corresponding position, and the inner bearing seat is fixedly installed in the side cavity, and the inkjet marking component is installed in the middle cavity between the two baffle plates.

[0012] In any of the above schemes, it is preferred that the metering and distance measuring module includes intelligent counting sensors symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the middle cavity just above and just below the multi-tooth gear, and each of the intelligent counting sensors is respectively connected to the signal of the distance meter controller fixedly installed in the corresponding middle cavity.

[0013] In any of the above schemes, it is preferred that the solar energy storage unit is composed of a photovoltaic component and a battery power supply component which are relatively fixedly installed above the rectangular frame.

[0014] In any of the above schemes, preferably, the handheld observation unit includes a horizontally arranged horizontal frame, and side support frames are detachably fixedly installed on the bottom of both sides of the horizontal frame, and the bottom of the side support frame is coaxially fixedly installed on the middle outer wall of the flange sleeve at the corresponding position through a sleeve portion, and the solar energy storage unit is bolted and fixedly installed on the top of the horizontal frame, and two parallel diagonal support rods are fixedly installed at intervals on the top of the rear side of the horizontal frame, and the tops of the two diagonal support rods are fixedly connected by a U-shaped handle, and a control panel with a display is fixedly installed on the middle outer wall of the U-shaped handle, and the control panel is used to receive the signal output by the rangefinder controller of the central ranging mark unit and display it on the screen.

[0015] In any of the above schemes, preferably, a terrain capturer is installed on one side of the shielding plate seat on the front and rear sides of the rectangular frame respectively, and the bottom of the working end of each terrain capturer rolls against the current ground.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The surveying and mapping device designed in the present invention can be used outdoors to realize manual push-type distance measurement and mapping of curved roads or roads with obstructions; the overall operation is relatively simple and quick. When measuring curved roads, the handheld push can be kept in the turning position as needed and the measurement can be maintained continuously after turning, so that the purpose of continuous measurement can be achieved when measuring the terrain of curved roads; it avoids the cumbersome operation of multi-point stake measurement and positioning required by traditional surveying instruments or geographic surveyors when surveying and mapping curved roads.

[0017] 2. The present invention adopts two relatively spaced distance measuring wheel groups supported on the ground to better ensure the stability of the entire surveying and mapping device connected to the ground. At the same time, the synchronous movement of the distance measuring wheel groups on both sides can realize a rough qualitative judgment of the flatness and lateral inclination of the ground within the current distance measuring width.

[0018] 3. The top-mounted solar power storage unit used in the present invention can effectively realize solar power generation and be used for various electrical components of the entire surveying and mapping device, effectively ensuring its convenience during long-term outdoor use.

[0019] 4. When using this surveying and mapping device for outdoor field road terrain mapping, the key positions can be quickly marked by operating the coding marking component, so that the measuring point can be quickly marked, which is convenient for later finding and positioning.

[0020] 5. The two distance measuring wheel groups in the present invention use relatively independent counting measurements when conducting surveying and mapping, and both sides can achieve independent measurements during the entire traveling process. Therefore, when the road surface is inclined or the terrain at the bottom of the two distance measuring wheel groups is inconsistent, independent measurements can be completed, and the current outdoor terrain distance measurement and qualitative estimation of terrain complexity can be obtained more accurately.

[0021] 6. In addition, the front and rear sides of the device are also equipped with terrain capturers, which can effectively ensure that the terrain capturer continuously acquires the ground undulation while continuously pushing the entire device forward, and effectively ensure that the ground undulation of the designated section is acquired synchronously during the outdoor road distance measurement. The entire surveying and mapping is more accurate and convenient, and can be applied to the surveying and measurement of high-precision road conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for the specific embodiments or the description of the prior art. In all the drawings, similar elements or components are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, the elements or components are not necessarily drawn according to the actual scale.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the surveying and mapping device of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the surveying and mapping device of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a partial three-dimensional structure of the surveying and mapping device of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the local three-dimensional structure.

[0027] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the top view structure.

[0028] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the partial three-dimensional structure of the surveying and mapping device of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the central distance measuring marking unit and the terrain capture devices on both sides of the present invention in the main view state.

[0030] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure.

[0031] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the partial internal cross-sectional structure of the rectangular frame in the side view of the present invention.

[0032] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the installation state of the reverse non-return structure of the present invention relative to the multi-tooth gear.

[0033] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the rubber walking wheel set of the present invention.

[0034] In the figure, 1. center distance measuring marking unit; 101. rectangular frame; 102. shielding plate seat; 103. flange pipe sleeve; 104. spline linkage pipe; 105. baffle plate; 106. middle cavity; 107. side cavity; 2. solar energy storage unit; 3. transmission shaft; 4. rubber walking wheel set; 5. end locking nut; 6. spline steel shaft; 7. spline slot hole; 8. strong adsorption magnet; 9. multi-tooth gear; 10. inner bearing seat; 11. storage bin; 12. electric nozzle; 13. feed port; 14. intelligent counting sensor; 15. distance meter Controller; 16. Angle steel seat; 1601. Shift claw; 17. One-way pawl; 18. Center axis; 19. Tooth groove; 20. Spring; 21. Horizontal frame; 22. Side support frame; 23. Sleeve; 24. Long diagonal support rod; 25. U-shaped handle; 26. Control panel; 27. Free swing arm; 28. Side hinge seat; 29. ​​Counterweight ground roller; 30. Floating coupling; 31. Bottom mounting box; 32. Laser distance sensor; 33. Follow-up tension spring; 34. Bottom hinge seat; 35. Digital level; 36. Vertical distance sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following is a detailed description of the embodiments of the technical solution of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and are therefore only used as examples, and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Figure 1-Figure 11 as shown in .

[0036] Embodiment 1: A surveying and mapping device for quickly marking measuring points comprises two relatively spaced and symmetrically arranged distance measuring wheel groups, a central distance measuring mark unit 1 is arranged between the two distance measuring wheel groups, the left and right ends of the central distance measuring mark unit 1 are respectively connected with the inner ends of the distance measuring wheel groups on the corresponding sides, the two distance measuring wheel groups are in an independent operation state when working, a handheld observation unit is arranged on the upper rear side of the central distance measuring mark unit 1, the lower end of the handheld observation unit is installed on the outer sides of the left and right ends of the central distance measuring mark unit 1, and a solar energy storage unit 2 is detachably installed on the top of the handheld observation unit above the central distance measuring mark unit 1, and the solar energy storage unit 2 is used to supply power to the central distance measuring mark unit 1 and the handheld observation unit.

[0037] When the surveying and mapping device is used for outdoor road terrain distance measurement and mapping, two distance measuring wheel groups arranged at a relatively interval can effectively ensure the stability of the entire device when it is pushed when it contacts the ground road; in addition, the two distance measuring wheel groups can be removed from the central distance measuring mark unit 1 in a separate detachable manner, and it can be ensured that it can be used normally when only one distance measuring wheel group is retained; during operation, the surveying and mapping personnel mainly stand and hold the handheld observation unit and continuously push the entire device along the distance measuring road surface during the process, so as to complete the distance measurement and mapping within the specified road section.

[0038] When encountering key measuring points during the surveying process, the inkjet marking component of the central distance measuring marking unit 1 can be quickly controlled to quickly complete the pigment marking on the ground measuring point, thereby facilitating the later search for the measuring point.

[0039] In any of the above schemes, it is preferred that the distance measuring wheel group includes a horizontally arranged transmission shaft 3, and a rubber walking wheel group 4 is coaxially fixedly installed on the outer end of the transmission shaft 3, and end locking nuts 5 are respectively screwed on the outer threaded outer walls of the transmission shaft 3 on the left and right sides of the rubber walking wheel group 4, and the two end locking nuts 5 cooperate to achieve clamping and positioning of the rubber walking wheel group 4, and each end locking nut 5 is spot-welded and fixed to the transmission shaft 3 and the rubber walking wheel group 4 to prevent relative rotation. When the rubber walking wheel group 4 is in use, the bottom of its outer side wall abuts against the road surface to be measured and mapped, and a spline steel shaft 6 is integrally formed at the inner end of the transmission shaft 3, and the inner end of the spline steel shaft 6 is keyed to the spline slot 7 at the corresponding end of the central distance measuring mark unit 1.

[0040] It should be noted that the entire distance measuring wheel set as a whole relies on the transmission shaft 3 to connect the rubber walking wheel set 4 at the outer end and the central distance measuring mark unit 1 at the inner end, thereby ensuring that the rubber walking wheel set 4 can maintain stable operation under the support of the transmission shaft 3 when traveling.

[0041] Since the outer end of the transmission shaft 3 is fixedly connected to the rubber walking wheel set 4 and the inner end is plugged into the spline slot hole 7, the entire measuring wheel set can be quickly plugged in and out as needed. At the same time, it is convenient for quick disassembly and replacement when a different measuring wheel set needs to be replaced, and it is also convenient for rapid inspection and maintenance at a later time.

[0042] In any of the above schemes, it is preferred that the center distance measuring marking unit 1 includes a horizontally arranged rectangular frame 101, and baffle seats 102 are installed at the openings on the front and rear sides of the rectangular frame 101, and flange sleeves 103 are fixedly installed on the outer walls at the center ports at the left and right ends of the rectangular frame 101, respectively, and the left and right sides of the lower end of the handheld observation unit are coaxially fixedly installed on the middle outer walls of the flange sleeve 103 at their corresponding positions, and a spline linkage tube 104 is respectively inserted in the central inner tube of each of the flange sleeves 103, and a spline slot hole 7 that is key-connected to the spline steel shaft 6 is provided in the tube cavity of each of the spline linkage tubes 104, and the inner end of the spline linkage tube 104 extends into the interior of the rectangular frame 101 and cooperates with the counting component arranged therein; a coding marking component is installed in the inner center of the rectangular frame 101.

[0043] It should be noted that: the central distance measuring marking unit 1 is relatively fixedly connected to the horizontal frame 21 at the lower end of the handheld observation unit as a whole, so when the handheld control horizontal frame 21 is in a horizontal or nearly horizontal state, the rectangular frame 101 is in the same state; the rectangular frame 101, as a positioning structure in the middle, can drive the horizontal axis to rotate by rolling along the ground by the rubber walking wheel group 4 under the premise of ensuring its relative stability. When the horizontal axis rotates, the horizontal axis is spline-connected with the spline linkage tube 104, so the two keep rotating synchronously. When the spline linkage tube 104 rotates, the rectangular frame 101 is in the operation The handheld observation unit operated by the operator remains relatively motionless under the fixing effect, and the spline linkage tube 104 will drive the various multi-tooth gears 9 thereon to rotate at the same speed as the rubber walking wheel set 4. When the different gear teeth of the multi-tooth gear 9 are continuously rotating, the counting component can quickly record the number of the currently passing gear teeth and tooth grooves 19 through the preset existing program, so as to calculate the number of rotations of the current multi-tooth gear 9 according to the preset parameters of the multi-tooth gear 9, and then calculate the current distance measuring length according to the ratio of its outer diameter to the outer diameter and the circumference ratio of the rubber walking wheel set 4, which can be suitable for outdoor long-distance measurement.

[0044] The overall distance measurement structure is relatively simple and convenient, and the rubber walking wheel set 4 can be quickly disassembled and replaced in time as needed, which is convenient for maintenance and overhaul.

[0045] When it is pushed to the key measuring point, by controlling the opening of the inkjet marking component, it is possible to spray the measuring point mark on the current ground, thereby achieving the purpose of rapid marking.

[0046] In any of the above schemes, preferably, a strong adsorption magnet 8 is fixed at the center of the inner end surface of each of the spline slot holes 7, and the strong adsorption magnet 8 is used to achieve magnetic attraction and fixation of the inner end surface of the spline steel shaft 6.

[0047] The splined plug-in fit can ensure synchronous fit in the circumferential direction, and the strong magnetic adsorption fixation at the end can ensure its stability during coaxial linkage operation; in addition, when quick disassembly is required, quick replacement and disassembly can be achieved by pulling it outward with external force.

[0048] In any of the above schemes, it is preferred that two baffle plates 105 are arranged at intervals in the internal space of the rectangular frame 101; the two baffle plates 105 divide the internal space of the rectangular frame 101 into a middle cavity 106 located in the middle and side cavities 107 located on both sides, and a metering and distance measuring module is installed in each of the side cavities 107, and the outer ends of the two metering and distance measuring modules are respectively used to cooperate with the multi-tooth gear 9 coaxially fixedly connected on the middle outer wall of the spline linkage tube 104 at their corresponding positions, and the inner end of the spline linkage tube 104 is inserted into the inner bearing seat 10 at its corresponding position, and the inner bearing seat 10 is fixedly installed in the side cavity 107, and the inkjet marking component is installed in the middle cavity 106 between the two baffle plates.

[0049] The two baffles 105 divide the internal space of the rectangular frame 101 into a side cavity 107 and a middle cavity 106, effectively ensuring the independence of the three spaces, ensuring the convenience of installing the metering and distance measuring modules at both ends and the spline linkage tube 104, and at the same time ensuring the convenience of replenishing pigment inside the inkjet marking component.

[0050] In any of the above schemes, it is preferred that the inkjet marking component includes a storage bin 11 installed in the middle cavity 106, the interior of the storage bin 11 stores marking pigment, the bottom of the storage bin 11 is an inverted cone structure, and an electric remote-controlled electric nozzle 12 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the middle section of the rectangular frame 101, the remote control switch of the electric nozzle 12 is installed on the upper part of the handheld observation unit, the top of the electric nozzle 12 extends to the interior of the inverted cone structure of the storage bin 11, and a covered feed port 13 is installed on the upper rear side wall of the storage bin 11, and the central axis 18 line of the nozzle of the electric nozzle 12 is coplanar with the central axis 18 line of the rubber walking wheel group 4 on both sides thereof.

[0051] It should be noted that when the inkjet marking component is working, the internal storage bin 11 is used to store the marking pigment. When marking is required, the electric nozzle 12 can be directly controlled by remote control to quickly spray the pigment downward, thereby achieving the purpose of quickly marking the current road surface.

[0052] In any of the above schemes, it is preferred that the metering and distance measuring module includes intelligent counting sensors 14 symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the middle cavity 106 directly above and below the multi-tooth gear 9, and each of the intelligent counting sensors 14 is respectively connected to the signal of the distance meter controller 15 fixedly installed in the corresponding middle cavity 106.

[0053] It should be noted that: each of the intelligent counting sensors 14 adopts a reflective photoelectric distance sensor and the effective reflection distance can be adjusted so that it can just reach a state where it can be triggered by the outer wall of each gear tooth; the reaction time of each photoelectric distance sensor is in the millisecond level (the reaction time is less than 10ms). The rangefinder controller 15 adopts the rangefinder controller 15 in the prior art, which is a rangefinder controller 15 designed based on the EFM32 controller, and is implemented by a pulse distance measurement method or a phase distance measurement method, and relies on the intelligent counting sensor 14 to obtain parameter signals, which will not be repeated here.

[0054] It should be noted that: when measuring the rotational circumference of each multi-tooth gear 9, the intelligent counting sensors 14 symmetrically arranged from top to bottom are used to achieve synchronous measurement. The two can verify each other to ensure the relative accuracy of the measurement results and the accuracy of the calibration.

[0055] Specifically, each time when each multi-tooth gear 9 rotates, each tooth and tooth groove 19 alternates is regarded as a signal capture cycle. Since the circumference of the entire multi-tooth gear 9 can be determined according to the radius, and the circumference ratio of the multi-tooth gear 9 to the outer circumference of the rubber walking wheel group 4 can be determined and the angular velocities of the two are the same, the current traveling distance of the rubber walking wheel group 4, that is, the entire ranging distance, can be obtained by using the rangefinder controller 15 or by simple conversion at a later stage.

[0056] In any of the above schemes, it is preferred that the solar energy storage unit 2 is composed of a photovoltaic component and a battery power supply component relatively fixedly installed above the rectangular frame 101, and the internal structure of the solar energy storage unit 2 can adopt the solar energy storage unit 2 product in the prior art, which will not be repeated here.

[0057] Embodiment 2: Compared with Embodiment 1, the difference of this embodiment is: In addition, in order to ensure the accuracy of forward distance measurement during the distance measurement process and prevent measurement errors caused by reverse rotation, the following reverse check structure is also provided: the reverse check structure includes an angle steel seat 16 fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the side cavity 107 facing the front side of the multi-tooth gear 9, the vertical section of the angle steel seat 16 is fixed on the inner wall of the side cavity 107, the horizontal section of the angle steel seat 16 is arranged toward one side of the multi-tooth gear 9 and its end is vertically downward to form a gear claw portion 1601, and a gear is arranged in the side cavity 107 below the horizontal section of the angle steel seat 16. The one-way pawl 17 is sleeved on the outer side wall of the central shaft 18, and both ends of the central shaft 18 are fixedly arranged relative to the side cavity 107; the inner end of the one-way pawl 17 extends into the tooth groove 19 corresponding to the multi-tooth gear 9, and the top of the middle section of the one-way pawl 17 abuts against the bottom of the gear claw 1601, and an inclined spring 20 is installed below the gear claw 1601, and the upper end of the spring 20 is connected to the bottom of the middle section of the one-way pawl 17, and the lower end of the spring 20 is fixed to the inner wall of the vertical section of the angle steel seat 16.

[0058] It should be noted that: considering that the operator agrees to reversely rotate the rubber walking wheel set 4 during the measurement process, a reverse check structure is added as a safety insurance structure. When the rubber walking wheel set 4 is reversed, the spline linkage tube 104 and the multi-tooth gear 9 thereon will have a tendency to rotate in the reverse direction. When the multi-tooth gear 9 rotates in the reverse direction, the gear teeth will reversely touch the one-way ratchet 17. Due to the resistance of the shift claw 1601, the multi-tooth gear 9 cannot rotate, thereby achieving the purpose of locking the rubber walking wheel set 4.

[0059] In addition, even during normal walking, a certain amount of force is required to enable the multi-tooth gear 9 to overcome the preset resistance of the spring 20 through the rotation of the gear teeth, thereby achieving the purpose of continuous forward distance measurement and reducing the probability of misoperation; when it is necessary to return to zero, it is necessary to press the reset button on the controller to achieve electronic reset.

[0060] In any of the above schemes, it is preferred that the handheld observation unit includes a horizontal frame 21 arranged horizontally, and side support frames 22 are detachably fixedly installed on the bottom of both sides of the horizontal frame 21, and the bottom of the side support frame 22 is coaxially fixedly installed on the middle outer wall of the flange sleeve 103 at the corresponding position through a sleeve portion 23, and the solar energy storage unit 2 is bolted and fixedly installed on the top of the horizontal frame 21, and two parallel diagonal support rods 24 are fixedly installed at intervals on the top of the rear side of the horizontal frame 21, and the tops of the two diagonal support rods 24 are fixedly connected by a U-shaped handle 25, and a control panel 26 with a display is fixedly installed on the middle outer wall of the U-shaped handle 25, and the control panel 26 is used to receive the signal output by the rangefinder controller 15 of the central ranging mark unit 1 and display it on the screen.

[0061] It should be noted that: when operating the handheld observation unit, the stability of the entire device can be ensured by holding the U-shaped handle 25. When the entire device needs to be started, the power is turned on and the start button is pressed; then, the operator walks and pushes the entire device forward with force, which causes the two rubber walking wheel groups 4 to roll forward along the ground road. During the rolling process, the feedback signal of each group of intelligent counting sensors 14 is received through the rangefinder controller 15. Finally, the distance value is obtained after a simple preset calculation and the measured distance corresponding to each rubber walking wheel group 4 is displayed on the control panel 26.

[0062] In any of the above schemes, preferably, a terrain capturer is installed on one side of the shielding plate seat 102 on the front and rear sides of the rectangular frame 101 respectively; and the bottom of the working end of each terrain capturer rolls against the current ground.

[0063] In any of the above schemes, it is preferred that the terrain capture device includes two free swing arms 27 arranged at relative intervals, the inner end of each free swing arm 27 is movably hinged in a side hinge seat 28 fixedly connected to the side wall of the shielding plate seat 102, and counterweight ground contact rollers 29 are movably hinged on both sides of the lower end of each free swing arm 27. The centers of the two free swing arms 27 are fixedly connected by a horizontally arranged floating connecting shaft 30, and bottom mounting boxes 31 are fixedly arranged at intervals at the bottom of the rectangular frame 101. The two sides of each bottom mounting box 31 are respectively opposite to the corresponding surfaces of the free swing arms 27 on both sides, and laser ranging sensors 32 are symmetrically fixedly installed on the front and rear sides of each bottom mounting box 31, and each laser ranging sensor 32 is connected to the control panel 26 signal.

[0064] It should be noted that the terrain capture device is mainly driven by the downward deadweight of the counterweight contact roller 29 at its lower end to keep the bottom of the counterweight contact roller 29 in contact with the ground, so that it can keep supported above the ground. When the road surface is undulating, it can directly reflect the undulation fed back by the road surface in the swing amplitude of the free swing arm 27 by maintaining contact. In addition, when the free swing arm 27 swings, the spacing distance between it and the corresponding laser ranging sensor 32 will change, so that the angle range between the free swing arm 27 and the bottom mounting box 31 which is basically in a vertical state can be indirectly fed back and calculated, so that the undulation degree of the current section of the road surface can be calculated by drawing a curve chart of the changes in the angles of multiple points.

[0065] In any of the above schemes, it is preferred that two follower springs 33 are arranged at intervals on the inner side of the floating coupling 30, the outer end of each follower spring 33 is movably sleeved on the floating coupling 30, and the inner end of each follower spring 33 is movably hinged on the bottom hinge seat 34 fixed at the bottom of the rectangular frame 101.

[0066] Specifically, each follower tension spring 33 is mainly used to play a certain supporting role to prevent the free swing arm 27 from excessively sagging in a free state.

[0067] In any of the above solutions, preferably, a digital level 35 is fixedly mounted at the top center of the front side and the rear side of the horizontal frame 21 respectively.

[0068] By connecting the display data of each digital level 35 with the control panel 26 signal, the current value of the digital level 35 can be directly observed on the control panel 26, thereby facilitating the control of the horizontal frame 21 to remain within a smaller tilt range of reasonable error during operation.

[0069] It should be noted that: since the vertical distance between the working end of the laser ranging sensor 32 and the hinge point of the free swing rod 27 is fixed after installation and can be known according to the installation requirements, the inclination angle of the free swing rod 27 changes when it swings. Therefore, the tangent value of the angle between the free swing rod 27 and the shielding plate seat 102 can be calculated by judging the distance reading of the laser ranging sensor 32, so as to obtain the current The relative swing angle of the free swing arm 27 can be controlled and observed by two digital display levels 35 to maintain the horizontal angle of the horizontal frame 21 during the movement, so that the real-time inclination angle of the free swing arm 27 can be calculated by an existing calculation program or a preset formula function, and then the current terrain changes can be reflected. After collecting multiple sets of data, it is convenient to finally use multi-point curve drawing and obtain the terrain trend undulation curve of the target measurement ground through subsequent conventional calculations.

[0070] In any of the above schemes, it is preferred that a vertical distance measuring sensor 36 for measuring the distance from the ground is fixedly installed at the bottom center of each bottom mounting box 31, each vertical distance measuring sensor 36 is powered by a battery inside the bottom mounting box 31, and each vertical distance measuring sensor 36 is respectively connected to the control panel 26 by signal.

[0071] In any of the above schemes, it is preferred that the spline steel shaft 6 of each distance measuring wheel set is respectively connected to the corresponding spline slot hole 7 on the corresponding inner side of the central distance measuring marking unit 1 by quick release plug-in fitting.

[0072] Embodiment 3: Compared with Embodiment 2, the difference of this embodiment is: The present invention also provides a surveying and mapping method implemented by using a surveying and mapping device, wherein the surveying and mapping device is the above-mentioned surveying and mapping device, and the surveying and mapping method specifically comprises the following steps: S1: Holding the U-shaped handle 25 of the handheld observation unit, adjust the surveying and mapping device into position; pressing the start switch and starting the device; S2: When measuring distance, the surveying device is pushed forward along the road of the terrain to be surveyed. When it is pushed to the target point, the current measuring distance is read by observing the digital display value of the control panel 26; S3: Repeat this process and continue to move forward to measure the distance. When the target measuring point is reached, the remote control controls the inkjet marking component to spray the paint on the ground at the measuring point to complete the rapid measuring point marking. S4: After the undulation measurement switch is turned on and the undulation measurement mode is entered, the surveying and mapping device continues to be pushed forward; the controller continuously obtains the inclination angle of each point captured by the terrain capturer, and then constructs a road surface undulation curve diagram by subsequent processing of the multi-point data, and determines whether the road surface undulation meets the requirements according to the curve diagram; S5: During the measurement process, the inclinations on both sides of the road surface of the current distance measurement are qualitatively predicted by observing the distance measurement display values ​​corresponding to the two sets of rubber walking wheel groups 4; at the same time, when the prediction result does not meet the requirements, the actual road surface width direction inclination is measured again.

[0073] In summary, it can be seen that the present surveying and mapping device can be used outdoors to realize manual push-type distance measurement and mapping of curved roads or roads with obstructions; the overall operation is relatively simple and quick, and when measuring curved roads, the handheld push can be kept in the turning position as required to maintain continuous push measurement, and the purpose of continuous measurement can be achieved when measuring the terrain of curved roads; it avoids the cumbersome operation of traditional surveying and mapping instruments or geographic surveyors that require multi-point stake measurement and positioning when surveying curved roads; the use of two relatively spaced distance measuring wheel groups supported on the ground can better ensure the stability of the entire surveying and mapping device connected to the ground, and the synchronous movement of the distance measuring wheel groups on both sides can realize a rough qualitative judgment of the flatness and lateral inclination of the ground within the current distance measuring width; the use of the top-mounted solar energy storage unit 2 can effectively realize solar power generation and be used for various electrical components of the entire surveying and mapping device, effectively ensuring its convenience during long-term outdoor use.

[0074] When using this surveying and mapping device to conduct outdoor field road terrain surveying, the key positions can be quickly marked by operating the coding marking component, so that the measurement points can be quickly marked, which is convenient for later location finding; among them, the two distance measuring wheel groups use relatively independent counting measurements when conducting surveying and mapping, and both sides can achieve separate measurements during the entire process of travel. Therefore, when the road surface is inclined or the terrain at the bottom of the two distance measuring wheel groups is inconsistent, independent measurements can be completed, and the current outdoor terrain distance measurement and the qualitative estimate of terrain complexity can be obtained more accurately. In addition, the front and rear sides of this device are also equipped with terrain capturers, which can effectively ensure that the terrain capturer continuously obtains the ground undulation while continuously pushing the entire device forward, and effectively ensure that the ground undulation of the designated road section is obtained synchronously during the outdoor road distance measurement. The entire surveying and mapping is more accurate and convenient, and can be applied to the surveying and measurement of high-precision road conditions.

[0075] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the above embodiments can still be modified, or some or all of the technical features can be replaced by equivalents. These modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, any replacement improvements or changes made to the implementation methods of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0076] The matters not described in detail in the present invention are all known technologies to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A surveying and mapping device for quickly marking measuring points, characterized in that: The invention comprises two relatively spaced and symmetrically arranged distance measuring wheel groups, a central distance measuring mark unit is arranged between the two distance measuring wheel groups, the left and right ends of the central distance measuring mark unit are respectively connected with the inner ends of the distance measuring wheel groups on the corresponding sides, and the two distance measuring wheel groups are in an independent operation state when working, a handheld observation unit is arranged on the upper rear side of the central distance measuring mark unit, the lower end of the handheld observation unit is installed on the outer sides of the left and right ends of the central distance measuring mark unit, and a solar energy storage unit is detachably installed on the top of the handheld observation unit above the central distance measuring mark unit, and the solar energy storage unit is used to supply power to the central distance measuring mark unit and the handheld observation unit.

2. The surveying and mapping device for quickly marking measuring points according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance measuring wheel group includes a horizontally arranged transmission shaft, a rubber walking wheel group is coaxially fixedly installed on the outer end of the transmission shaft, and end locking nuts are screwed on the outer threaded outer walls of the transmission shaft on the left and right sides of the rubber walking wheel group respectively, and the two end locking nuts cooperate to achieve clamping and positioning of the rubber walking wheel group. When the rubber walking wheel group is in use, the bottom of the outer wall thereof abuts against the ground to be surveyed, and a spline steel shaft is integrally formed at the inner end of the transmission shaft, and the inner end of the spline steel shaft is keyed to the spline slot hole at the corresponding end of the central distance measuring mark unit.

3. The surveying and mapping device for quickly marking measuring points according to claim 2, characterized in that: The center distance measuring marking unit includes a horizontally arranged rectangular frame, and baffle seats are installed at the openings on the front and rear sides of the rectangular frame. Flange sleeves are fixedly installed on the outer walls at the center ports at the left and right ends of the rectangular frame respectively. The left and right sides of the lower end of the handheld observation unit are coaxially fixedly installed on the middle outer walls of the flange sleeve at their corresponding positions. A spline linkage tube is respectively inserted in the central inner tube of each flange sleeve, and a spline slot hole that is matched with the spline steel shaft key is provided in the tube cavity of each spline linkage tube. The inner end of the spline linkage tube extends to the interior of the rectangular frame and cooperates with the counting component arranged therein; a coding marking component is installed in the inner center of the rectangular frame.

4. The surveying and mapping device for quickly marking measuring points according to claim 3, characterized in that: A strong adsorption magnet is fixed at the center of the inner end surface of each spline slot hole, and the strong adsorption magnet is used to achieve magnetic attraction and fixation of the inner end surface of the spline steel shaft.

5. The surveying and mapping device for quickly marking measuring points according to claim 4, characterized in that: Two baffle plates are arranged at intervals in the internal space of the rectangular frame; the two baffle plates divide the internal space of the rectangular frame into a middle cavity in the middle and side cavities on both sides, and a metering and distance measuring module is installed in each side cavity, and the outer ends of the two metering and distance measuring modules are respectively used to cooperate with the multi-tooth gears coaxially fixedly connected on the middle outer wall of the spline linkage tube at their corresponding positions, and the inner end of the spline linkage tube is inserted into the inner bearing seat at its corresponding position, and the inner bearing seat is fixedly installed in the side cavity, and the inkjet marking component is installed in the middle cavity between the two baffle plates.

6. The surveying and mapping device for quickly marking measuring points according to claim 5, characterized in that: The metering and distance measuring module includes intelligent counting sensors symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the middle cavity just above and just below the multi-tooth gear, and each of the intelligent counting sensors is respectively connected to the signal of the distance meter controller fixedly installed in the corresponding middle cavity.

7. The surveying and mapping device for quickly marking measuring points according to claim 6, characterized in that: The solar energy storage unit is composed of a photovoltaic component and a battery power supply component which are relatively fixedly installed above the rectangular frame.

8. The surveying and mapping device for quickly marking measuring points according to claim 7, characterized in that: The handheld observation unit includes a horizontal frame arranged horizontally, and side support frames are detachably fixedly installed on the bottom of both sides of the horizontal frame, and the bottom of the side support frame is coaxially fixedly installed on the middle outer wall of the flange sleeve at the corresponding position through a sleeve portion, and the solar energy storage unit is bolted and fixedly installed on the top of the horizontal frame, and two parallel diagonal support rods are fixedly installed at intervals on the top of the rear side of the horizontal frame, and the tops of the two diagonal support rods are fixedly connected by a U-shaped handle, and a control panel with a display is fixedly installed on the middle outer wall of the U-shaped handle, and the control panel is used to receive the signal output by the rangefinder controller of the central ranging mark unit and display it on the screen.

9. The surveying and mapping device for quickly marking measuring points according to claim 8, characterized in that: Terrain capturers are respectively installed on one side of the shielding plate seats at the front and rear sides of the rectangular frame, and the bottom of the working end of each terrain capturer rolls against the current ground.

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