Architectural membrane structure stress monitoring method based on fiber bragg grating sensing membrane rib technology

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of building membrane structures, and discloses a building membrane structure stress monitoring method based on a fiber grating sensing membrane rib technology. According to the method, composite sensing membrane ribs which are made of fiber gratings and have a self-sensing function are woven together with other materials to form a membrane body in the membrane structure manufacturing process, or the composite sensing membrane ribs are directly pasted on the surface of a membrane or can be arranged on a membrane structure supporting framework, and therefore real-time stress monitoring of the building membrane structure is achieved. On the premise that the appearance integrity and attractiveness of the building membrane structure are not affected, accurate mechanical monitoring can be carried out on various types of building membrane structures, and the use safety of the membrane structure is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of architectural membrane structures, in particular to a method for monitoring the stress of architectural membrane structures based on optical fiber grating sensing membrane reinforcement technology. Background Art

[0002] As a modern form of construction, architectural membrane structures are widely used around the world due to their advantages such as lightness, good light transmittance, and diverse shapes. Since the 1960s, membrane structures have gradually been used in large-span buildings such as stadiums, exhibition centers, airport terminals, and commercial facilities, becoming an important part of the construction field.

[0003] With the widespread application of architectural membrane structures, especially in large-span cable-membrane structures, their safety issues in harsh environments have attracted more and more attention. Especially in coastal areas, cable-membrane structures are often threatened by extreme weather such as strong winds and typhoons. These natural disasters can trigger complex wind-induced vibration responses, posing a major challenge to the stability and safety of membrane structures. Due to the flexibility and large-span characteristics of membrane materials, cable-membrane structures are prone to large-amplitude vibrations under wind-induced vibration responses, which may even cause structural damage, seriously affecting the safety of building use.

[0004] At present, the research on the wind-induced vibration response of cable-membrane structures mainly focuses on theoretical analysis and numerical simulation, but lacks practical detection methods, resulting in a large gap between theory and actual working conditions. Although traditional stress-strain monitoring methods can provide data support to a certain extent, they are difficult to meet the high requirements of modern architectural membrane structures for real-time and accurate monitoring due to problems such as complex installation, difficult maintenance, and limited data accuracy. Especially for the monitoring of wind-induced vibration response, existing technical means cannot effectively capture and analyze complex dynamic responses, and it is difficult to provide a reliable basis for structural safety.

[0005] In order to solve these problems, the present invention proposes a method for monitoring the stress of architectural membrane structures based on fiber Bragg grating sensing membrane rib technology. By making the fiber Bragg grating into a composite sensing rib with self-sensing function, and weaving the composite sensing rib with other materials into a membrane body during the membrane structure manufacturing process, or pasting it on the membrane surface, or arranging it on the membrane structure support keel, the real-time monitoring of the stress state of the architectural membrane structure can be achieved. The system can provide accurate dynamic monitoring data without affecting the appearance integrity and aesthetics of the membrane structure, effectively improving the safety and reliability of the cable membrane structure under extreme environmental conditions, and providing strong technical support for the development of modern architectural membrane structures. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for monitoring the force of architectural membrane structures based on fiber grating sensing membrane rib technology, which adopts a composite sensing membrane rib with self-sensing function made of fiber grating, and combines it with the architectural membrane structure itself to realize mechanical monitoring. Under the premise of not affecting the appearance integrity and aesthetics of the architectural membrane structure, it can accurately monitor the mechanical properties of various types of architectural membrane structures to ensure the safe use of the membrane structure.

[0007] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] A method for monitoring the stress of a building membrane structure based on fiber grating sensing membrane reinforcement technology comprises the following steps:

[0009] Step S101, using fiber Bragg grating to prepare a composite sensing membrane rib with self-sensing function;

[0010] Step S102, comprehensively considering the needs, structural characteristics and budget of the specific project, and selecting the installation method of the composite sensing membrane rib;

[0011] Step S103, the composite sensing membrane ribs are integrated into one during the membrane manufacturing process; or the composite sensing membrane ribs are pasted on the membrane surface; or the composite sensing membrane ribs are arranged on the supporting frame of the membrane structure;

[0012] Step S104, lead the composite sensing membrane rib to a fiber grating demodulator for real-time monitoring.

[0013] As a further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention, in step S103, during the membrane structure manufacturing process, the composite sensing membrane ribs are woven together with other materials into a membrane body, and the composite sensing membrane ribs are implanted into the membrane body itself, thereby realizing the stress monitoring of the membrane structure; the composite sensing membrane ribs are fixed to the membrane body material by an alternating puncture fixation process, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0014] Material preparation: Select composite sensing membrane ribs with fiber grating sensing function, whose diameter and elasticity are suitable for the requirements of puncture fixation process;

[0015] Membrane material: Use high-strength glass fiber membrane material suitable for architectural membrane structure to ensure that it will not be damaged or cracked during the puncture process;

[0016] Marking position: Use a non-fading marking tool to mark the fixed position of the composite sensing membrane ribs on the membrane material according to the design requirements; the marking should ensure that the composite sensing membrane ribs are evenly distributed on the membrane and will not affect the overall performance of the membrane;

[0017] Preparation of puncture tools: The size and shape of the puncture tools should be suitable for the puncture and fixation of the composite sensor membrane ribs, and can ensure the integrity of the membrane material during the puncture process;

[0018] Puncture process: The composite sensing membrane ribs are punctured and fixed according to the marked positions. The specific steps are: 1) Puncture starting point: fix one end of the composite sensing membrane ribs on one side of the membrane material to ensure that it is firm and not easy to slide; 2) Puncture action: according to the marked position, use the puncture tool to puncture the composite sensing membrane ribs from the front to the back of the membrane material, and then from the back back to the front; this process should maintain uniform spacing and consistent puncture direction to ensure that the composite sensing membrane ribs form stable fixed points on the membrane material; 3) Alternating puncture: repeat the above puncture action, alternately puncture and fix the front and back sides until the entire composite sensing membrane ribs are fixed according to the design requirements; the distance between each puncture point should be equal, and the spacing should be 2 to 5 cm to ensure uniform distribution of mechanical properties;

[0019] Protective measures: During the fixing process, appropriate protective measures can be taken, such as covering the surface of the membrane material with a protective film to prevent damage during the puncture process;

[0020] Check the fixation effect: After completing the alternating puncture fixation, check the fixation effect of the composite sensor membrane ribs; ensure that each puncture point is firm and reliable, and the sensor membrane ribs are not loose or displaced;

[0021] Mechanical properties test: Conduct mechanical properties test on the fixed membrane material to ensure that the fixation of the composite sensing membrane ribs will not have adverse effects on the overall performance of the membrane material;

[0022] After the composite sensing membrane ribs are firmly fixed on the base fabric by alternate puncture fixation, the base fabric combined with the composite sensing membrane ribs is then coated; the specific process is as follows:

[0023] Coating material: Choose high-quality polytetrafluoroethylene coating material to ensure good adhesion and weather resistance during the coating process;

[0024] Pretreatment of the base fabric surface: Clean the surface of the base fabric with the composite sensing membrane ribs fixed to remove any dirt, grease or other impurities to ensure uniform adhesion of the coating; if necessary, perform appropriate roughening treatment on the surface of the base fabric to increase the adhesion of the coating;

[0025] Coating process: Select the appropriate coating method according to actual needs and equipment conditions, including spraying, dipping or brushing;

[0026] Coating thickness control: During the coating process, the coating thickness is strictly controlled to ensure that the coating is uniform and meets the design requirements; usually, the coating thickness is 20-50 microns;

[0027] Multi-layer coating: To ensure the durability and protective performance of the coating, a multi-layer coating method can be used; after each layer is applied, proper drying and curing treatment is required before applying the next layer;

[0028] Drying and curing: 1) Natural drying: After coating, place the substrate in a well-ventilated environment for natural drying to ensure that the coating surface is evenly dried; 2) Thermal curing: For situations where the coating performance needs to be enhanced, thermal curing is used; place the coated substrate in an oven at an appropriate temperature for thermal curing, control the temperature at 150-200 degrees Celsius, and the time is 30-60 minutes;

[0029] Quality inspection: Check the surface of the base fabric after coating to ensure that the coating is uniform and free of defects, bubbles, cracks or peeling; test the adhesion, wear resistance and weather resistance of the coating to ensure that the coating performance meets the design requirements.

[0030] As a further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention, in step S103, the composite sensing membrane ribs are combined with the membrane cloth itself by pasting them on the membrane surface, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0031] Surface treatment: Clean the surface of the membrane to remove dust, grease and other contaminants to ensure that the bonding area is clean and flat; or slightly roughen the surface of the membrane to enhance the adhesion of the adhesive;

[0032] Adhesive coating: Use a brush or spray gun to evenly coat the adhesive, ensuring that the adhesive covers the contact area between the membrane surface and the composite sensor membrane ribs; the coating thickness should be uniform, avoiding being too thick or too thin; according to the instructions of the adhesive, leave it in the air for a while to achieve a preliminary curing state and enhance the bonding effect;

[0033] Sensing film rib pasting: mark the pasting position of the sensing film rib on the surface of the membrane material according to the design requirements to ensure its accurate position; slowly lay the composite sensing film rib along the marked line on the surface of the membrane material coated with adhesive, and gently press it to make it fully contact with the surface of the membrane material to ensure firm bonding;

[0034] Strip covering: Cut a 5cm to 10cm wide strip to the required length and apply adhesive; Cover the adhesive-coated strip on the pasted composite sensing film ribs, ensuring that both sides of the strip fit tightly with the surface of the film material; Press the strip gently to ensure that it completely covers and firmly adheres to the composite sensing film ribs; Use a roller or scraper to gently roll the surface of the strip to remove bubbles and ensure that the strip is tightly bonded to the surface of the film material;

[0035] Curing and inspection: Place the pasted membrane material in a well-ventilated environment and cure it naturally for a period of time to ensure that the adhesive is completely cured; if you need to speed up the curing speed, you can perform artificial heating curing under appropriate temperature and humidity conditions; check the bonding effect of the pasted area to ensure that the composite sensor membrane ribs are firmly bonded to the membrane material surface and the long strips without looseness.

[0036] As a further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention, in step S103, the composite sensing membrane ribs are arranged on the supporting frame of the membrane structure, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0037] Groove design: A 1mm groove is set in the longitudinal direction on the support frame. The depth and width of the groove should meet the embedding requirements of the composite sensing membrane ribs. The design of the groove should be completed during the manufacturing process of the support frame to ensure accuracy and consistency. Clean the groove on the support frame to remove any dust, grease and other contaminants to ensure that the bonding area is clean and flat.

[0038] Adhesive coating method: Use a fine brush or syringe to evenly coat the adhesive in the groove, ensuring that the adhesive covers the entire groove area; the coating thickness should be uniform, avoiding being too thick or too thin; according to the instructions of the adhesive, leave it in the air for a while to achieve a preliminary curing state and enhance the bonding effect;

[0039] Sensing film rib pasting: slowly embed the composite sensing film rib into the groove coated with adhesive along the marked line, and gently press it to make it fully contact with the bottom of the groove to ensure firm bonding;

[0040] Fixing and curing: After the sensor membrane ribs are pasted, they can be fixed in the groove with appropriate fixing fixtures or pressing plates, and a certain pressure can be maintained to ensure that the sensor membrane ribs fit closely with the bottom of the groove; the pasted support frame is placed in a well-ventilated environment and naturally cured for a period of time to ensure that the adhesive is completely cured; if the curing speed needs to be accelerated, artificial heating curing can be performed under appropriate temperature and humidity conditions;

[0041] Quality inspection: Check the bonding effect of the sensor film ribs in the groove to ensure that the bonding between the sensor film ribs and the bottom of the groove is firm and not loose; ensure that the sensor film ribs are accurately arranged along the groove without deviation or falling off;

[0042] Performance test: Test the sensing performance of the sensor membrane ribs to ensure that they function normally after bonding without signal attenuation or loss.

[0043] As a further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention, the composite sensing membrane rib is prepared by arranging a fiber optic Bragg grating core in a fiber reinforced plastic rib.

[0044] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0045] The present invention realizes real-time force monitoring of architectural membrane structures by weaving composite sensing membrane ribs with self-sensing functions made of fiber gratings into a membrane body together with other materials during the membrane structure manufacturing process, or directly sticking them on the membrane surface, or arranging them on the membrane structure support frame. The present invention can accurately monitor the mechanical properties of various types of architectural membrane structures without affecting the appearance integrity and aesthetics of the architectural membrane structure, thereby ensuring the safe use of the membrane structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] Figure 1 A flow chart of a method for monitoring the stress of a building membrane structure based on a fiber Bragg grating sensing membrane reinforcement technology provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the composite sensing membrane ribs and membrane woven into one body provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 3 A schematic cross-sectional view of the composite sensing membrane ribs and membrane woven into one body provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 4 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the composite sensing membrane ribs provided in an embodiment of the present invention being adhered to the membrane surface;

[0050] Figure 5 A schematic cross-sectional view of the composite sensing membrane ribs provided in an embodiment of the present invention being adhered to the membrane surface;

[0051] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the composite sensing membrane rib provided in an embodiment of the present invention being arranged on a membrane skeleton;

[0052] Figure 7 An example diagram of applicable projects in which the composite sensing membrane ribs and membrane are woven into one body provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 8 This is an example diagram of applicable projects in which the composite sensing membrane ribs provided in the embodiment of the present invention are adhered to the membrane surface and / or arranged on the membrane skeleton.

[0054] In the figure, 1-composite sensing membrane rib; 2-membrane material base fabric; 3-polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) coating; 4-membrane; 5-long strip; 6-support frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are used to explain the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0056] It should be noted that all directional indications in the embodiments of the present invention (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, upper end, lower end, top, bottom...) are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0057] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the term "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0058] In addition, in the present invention, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features; in addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in the field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0059] Reference Figures 1 to 8 The present invention provides a method for monitoring the stress of a building membrane structure based on fiber grating sensing membrane rib technology. Specifically, a composite sensing membrane rib 1 with self-sensing function made of fiber grating is combined with the building membrane structure itself to realize mechanical monitoring.

[0060] The composite sensing membrane rib 1 is formed by laying a fiber grating core in a fiber reinforced plastic rib, with a diameter of 1 mm and a translucent shape. The fiber grating core has a diameter of 50 μm, has one or more measuring points, and the measuring points are gratings. The reflectivity of the fiber grating is not less than 85%, the 3dB bandwidth should not be greater than 0.3 mm, the grating area length is preferably 5 mm to 20 mm, and there should be no fusion points between the optical fibers of the fiber gratings.

[0061] The combination of the composite sensing membrane rib 1 and the membrane 4 structure includes:

[0062] 1) During the manufacturing process of the membrane 4 structure, the composite sensing membrane ribs 1 are woven together with other materials to form a membrane body;

[0063] 2) Paste on the surface of film 4;

[0064] 3) Arranged on the membrane 4 structural support frame.

[0065] The present invention can perform accurate mechanical monitoring on various types of architectural membrane structures without affecting the integrity and aesthetics of the appearance of the architectural membrane structure, thereby ensuring the safe use of the membrane structure.

[0066] Example 1

[0067] In this embodiment, during the membrane structure manufacturing process, the composite sensing membrane ribs 1 are woven together with other materials into a membrane body, and the composite sensing membrane ribs 1 are implanted into the membrane body itself, thereby realizing the stress monitoring of the membrane structure. The composite sensing membrane ribs 1 are fixed to the membrane body material through an alternating puncture fixation process, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0068] Material preparation: Select a composite sensing membrane rib 1 with fiber optic Bragg grating sensing function, the diameter and elasticity of which are suitable for the requirements of the puncture fixation process.

[0069] Membrane material: Select high-strength glass fiber membrane material suitable for building membrane structure to ensure that it will not be damaged or cracked during the puncture process.

[0070] Marking position: According to the design requirements, use a non-fading marking tool to mark the fixed position of the composite sensing membrane rib 1 on the membrane material. The marking should ensure that the composite sensing membrane rib 1 is evenly distributed on the membrane and will not affect the overall performance of the membrane.

[0071] Preparation of puncture tools: Choose appropriate puncture tools (such as suture needles), the size and shape of which should be suitable for the puncture and fixation of the composite sensing membrane ribs 1 and can ensure the integrity of the membrane material during the puncture process.

[0072] Puncture process: The composite sensing membrane rib 1 is punctured and fixed according to the marked position. The specific steps are: 1) Puncture starting point: Fix one end of the composite sensing membrane rib 1 on one side of the membrane material to ensure that it is firm and not easy to slide. 2) Puncture action: According to the marked position, use the puncture tool to puncture the composite sensing membrane rib 1 from the front to the back of the membrane material, and then from the back back to the front. This process should maintain uniform spacing and consistent puncture direction to ensure that the composite sensing membrane rib 1 forms a stable fixed point on the membrane material. 3) Alternating puncture: Repeat the above puncture action, alternately puncture and fix the front and back sides until the entire composite sensing membrane rib 1 is fixed according to the design requirements. The distance between each puncture point should be equal, and the spacing should be 2 to 5 cm to ensure uniform distribution of mechanical properties.

[0073] Protective measures: During the fixation process, appropriate protective measures can be taken, such as covering the surface of the membrane material with a protective film to prevent damage during the puncture process.

[0074] Check the fixation effect: After completing the alternating puncture fixation, check the fixation effect of the composite sensor membrane rib 1. Make sure that each puncture point is firm and reliable, and the sensor membrane rib is not loose or displaced.

[0075] Mechanical property test: The mechanical property test is performed on the fixed membrane material to ensure that the fixation of the composite sensing membrane rib 1 will not have an adverse effect on the overall performance of the membrane material.

[0076] After the composite sensing membrane rib 1 is firmly fixed on the membrane base fabric 2 by alternate puncture fixation, a coating process is then performed on the base fabric combined with the composite sensing membrane rib. The specific process is as follows:

[0077] Coating material: Choose high-quality polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) coating 3 material to ensure it has good adhesion and weather resistance during the coating process.

[0078] Pretreatment of the base fabric surface: Clean the surface of the base fabric on which the composite sensing membrane rib 1 is fixed to remove any dirt, grease or other impurities to ensure that the coating can adhere evenly. If necessary, the surface of the base fabric is appropriately roughened to increase the adhesion of the coating.

[0079] Coating process: Select the appropriate coating method, such as spraying, dipping or brushing, according to actual needs and equipment conditions.

[0080] Coating thickness control: During the coating process, the thickness of the coating is strictly controlled to ensure that the coating is uniform and meets the design requirements. Generally, the coating thickness should be between 20-50 microns.

[0081] Multi-layer coating: To ensure the durability and protective performance of the coating, a multi-layer coating method can be used. After each layer is applied, proper drying and curing treatment is required before applying the next layer.

[0082] Drying and curing: 1) Natural drying: After coating, place the substrate in a well-ventilated environment for natural drying to ensure that the coating surface is evenly dried. 2) Thermal curing: For situations where the coating performance needs to be enhanced, thermal curing can be used. Place the coated substrate in an oven at an appropriate temperature for thermal curing, generally at a temperature of 150-200 degrees Celsius for 30-60 minutes.

[0083] Quality inspection: Check the surface of the base fabric after coating to ensure that the coating is uniform and free of defects such as bubbles, cracks or peeling, etc. Test the adhesion, wear resistance, weather resistance, etc. of the coating to ensure that the coating performance meets the design requirements.

[0084] Example 2

[0085] In this embodiment, the composite sensing membrane rib 1 is combined with the membrane cloth itself by pasting it on the membrane surface, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0086] Surface treatment: Clean the surface of the membrane to remove dust, grease and other contaminants to ensure that the bonding area is clean and flat. If necessary, the membrane surface can be slightly roughened to enhance the adhesion of the adhesive.

[0087] Adhesive coating: Use a brush or spray gun to evenly coat the adhesive, ensuring that the adhesive covers the contact area between the membrane surface and the composite sensing membrane rib 1. The coating thickness should be uniform, avoiding being too thick or too thin. According to the instructions of the adhesive, leave it to air for a while to achieve a preliminary curing state and enhance the bonding effect.

[0088] Sensing membrane rib pasting: Mark the pasting position of the sensing membrane rib on the membrane surface according to the design requirements to ensure its accurate position. Slowly lay the composite sensing membrane rib 1 along the marked line on the membrane surface coated with adhesive, and gently press it to make it fully contact with the membrane surface to ensure a firm bond.

[0089] Strip covering: Cut the 5cm to 10cm wide strip 5 to the required length and apply adhesive. Cover the adhesive-coated strip 5 on the pasted composite sensing membrane ribs 1, ensuring that both sides of the strip 5 are tightly attached to the surface of the membrane. Gently press the strip 5 to ensure that it completely covers and firmly adheres to the composite sensing membrane ribs 1. Use a roller or scraper to gently roll the surface of the strip 5 to remove bubbles and ensure that the strip 5 is tightly attached to the surface of the membrane.

[0090] Curing and inspection: Place the pasted membrane material in a well-ventilated environment and allow it to cure naturally for a period of time to ensure that the adhesive is completely cured. If you need to speed up the curing process, you can perform artificial heating curing under appropriate temperature and humidity conditions. Check the bonding effect of the pasted area to ensure that the composite sensor membrane ribs 1 are firmly bonded to the membrane surface and the long strip 5 without looseness.

[0091] Example 3

[0092] Groove design: A 1mm groove is set in the longitudinal direction on the support frame 6. The depth and width of the groove should meet the embedding requirements of the composite sensing membrane rib 1. The design of the groove should be completed during the manufacturing process of the support frame 6 to ensure accuracy and consistency. Clean the groove on the support frame 6 to remove any dust, grease and other contaminants to ensure that the bonding area is clean and flat.

[0093] Adhesive application method: Use a fine brush or syringe to evenly apply the adhesive in the groove, ensuring that the adhesive covers the entire groove area. The coating thickness should be uniform, avoiding being too thick or too thin. According to the instructions of the adhesive, leave it to dry for a period of time to achieve a preliminary curing state and enhance the bonding effect.

[0094] Sensing membrane rib pasting: slowly embed the composite sensing membrane rib 1 into the groove coated with adhesive along the marked line, and gently press it to make it fully contact with the bottom of the groove to ensure firm bonding.

[0095] Fixing and curing: After the sensor film ribs are pasted, they can be fixed in the groove using appropriate fixing fixtures or pressure plates, maintaining a certain pressure to ensure that the sensor film ribs fit tightly with the bottom of the groove. Place the pasted support frame 6 in a well-ventilated environment and cure it naturally for a period of time to ensure that the adhesive is completely cured. If you need to speed up the curing speed, you can perform artificial heating curing under appropriate temperature and humidity conditions.

[0096] Quality inspection: Check the bonding effect of the sensor film ribs in the groove to ensure that the sensor film ribs are firmly bonded to the bottom of the groove without looseness. Ensure that the sensor film ribs are accurately arranged along the groove without deviation or falling off.

[0097] Performance test: Test the sensing performance of the sensor membrane ribs to ensure that they function normally after bonding without signal attenuation or loss.

[0098] In the membrane structure manufacturing process, the composite sensing membrane ribs 1 are woven into a membrane body together with other materials using a flat seam process, or are pasted on the membrane surface, or arranged on the membrane structure support frame 6. Each method has its applicable situation. The following is a detailed analysis:

[0099] 1) Braided membrane

[0100] Suitable for projects that require high integrity of membrane structures.

[0101] Suitable for standardized and mass-produced membrane structure components.

[0102] Advantages:

[0103] Good integrity: The composite sensing membrane ribs 1 are integrally formed with the membrane material, and the structure is tight, which can improve the overall strength and durability of the membrane body.

[0104] Long-term stability: The weaving method makes the sensor membrane ribs firmly combined with the membrane material, avoiding the problem of loosening and falling off during long-term use.

[0105] Uniform distribution: The sensing membrane ribs are evenly distributed in the membrane material, which can fully monitor the stress condition of the membrane body.

[0106] Disadvantages:

[0107] Difficult to cut: Once woven into shape, it is easy to damage the integrity of the sensing membrane when cutting the membrane material, affecting the sensing effect.

[0108] Difficulty in locating measuring points: Since the sensing membrane ribs and membrane materials are evenly woven, it is difficult to accurately locate specific measuring points in actual projects, which affects the monitoring accuracy.

[0109] Complex manufacturing: The weaving process is complicated, the manufacturing process requirements and costs are high, and the scope of application is limited.

[0110] Figure 6 Project examples suitable for woven membranes are shown. The projects are small and medium-sized and are formed by stretching a whole sheet of membrane without the need for subsequent cutting and splicing.

[0111] 2) Paste on the membrane surface

[0112] Suitable for membrane structure projects with complex shapes that require on-site cutting and splicing.

[0113] Suitable for local monitoring or projects where monitoring equipment will be added later.

[0114] Advantages:

[0115] High flexibility: The sensing membrane ribs can be pasted on the membrane surface as needed, which is convenient for on-site construction and adjustment.

[0116] Easy installation: Compared with the weaving process, the pasting method is simpler and the construction speed is fast, which is suitable for large-scale applications.

[0117] Easy maintenance: If there is a problem with the sensor membrane rib, it is easy to disassemble and replace, reducing maintenance costs.

[0118] Disadvantages:

[0119] Poor firmness: The adhesive may age or fall off during long-term use, affecting the monitoring effect.

[0120] Poor aesthetics: The sensor membrane ribs are pasted on the surface of the membrane material, which may affect the overall aesthetics of the membrane.

[0121] Stress influence: External environment such as wind and rain may have a direct impact on the pasted sensor membrane ribs, affecting their sensing performance.

[0122] 3) Arranged on the membrane structure support frame 6

[0123] Applicable to membrane structure projects that focus on monitoring the structural support parts.

[0124] It is suitable for large and complex membrane structure buildings, such as stadiums, large exhibition centers, etc.

[0125] Advantages:

[0126] Strong protection: The sensing membrane ribs are arranged in the groove of the skeleton, which is less affected by the external environment and can work stably for a long time.

[0127] Stable installation: The skeleton structure provides solid support. The sensor membrane ribs are highly secure after installation and are not easy to fall off.

[0128] Accurate monitoring: It can accurately monitor the supporting parts of the membrane structure and detect structural problems in time.

[0129] Disadvantages:

[0130] Local monitoring: The sensing membrane ribs can only monitor the stress of the supporting frame, but cannot fully monitor the stress distribution of the entire membrane body.

[0131] Complex installation: The frame needs to be grooved and processed, and the installation process is complicated and costly.

[0132] Limited scope of application: only applicable to membrane buildings with frame structures, not applicable to membrane structures without frames or simple membrane structures.

[0133] Figure 7 It shows project examples that are suitable for pasting on the membrane surface or arranging on the membrane structure support frame. The characteristics are that the projects are generally large and complex curved buildings, and the membrane materials need to be cut on site according to actual conditions. Multiple membrane materials are spliced ​​into a whole and a frame structure is set up.

[0134] When choosing the installation method of the composite sensing membrane rib 1 of the present invention, it is necessary to make a comprehensive consideration based on the needs, structural characteristics and budget of the specific project. The weaving method is suitable for standardized production projects with high integrity requirements, but it is difficult to cut and position; the pasting method is highly flexible and suitable for complex shapes and on-site construction, but its firmness and aesthetics are slightly poor; it is arranged on a skeleton and is suitable for precise monitoring of large and complex structures, but the installation is complicated and has a limited scope of application. According to the actual situation of the project, the reasonable selection of a suitable installation method can effectively improve the monitoring effect and safety of the membrane structure.

[0135] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention are introduced in detail above. Specific examples are used herein to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the embodiments of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only applicable to help understand the principles of the embodiments of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the embodiments of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scopes. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring the stress of a building membrane structure based on fiber grating sensing membrane reinforcement technology, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S101, using fiber Bragg grating to prepare a composite sensing membrane rib with self-sensing function; Step S102, comprehensively considering the needs, structural characteristics and budget of the specific project, and selecting the installation method of the composite sensing membrane rib; Step S103, the composite sensing membrane ribs are integrated into one during the membrane manufacturing process; or the composite sensing membrane ribs are pasted on the membrane surface; or the composite sensing membrane ribs are arranged on the supporting frame of the membrane structure; Step S104, lead the composite sensing membrane rib to a fiber grating demodulator for real-time monitoring.

2. A method for monitoring the stress of a building membrane structure based on fiber grating sensing membrane reinforcement technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S103, during the membrane structure manufacturing process, the composite sensing membrane ribs are woven together with other materials into a membrane body, and the composite sensing membrane ribs are implanted into the membrane body itself, thereby realizing the stress monitoring of the membrane structure; the composite sensing membrane ribs are fixed on the membrane body material by an alternating puncture fixation process, and the specific steps are as follows: Material preparation: Select composite sensing membrane ribs with fiber grating sensing function, whose diameter and elasticity are suitable for the requirements of puncture fixation process; Membrane material: Use high-strength glass fiber membrane material suitable for architectural membrane structure to ensure that it will not be damaged or cracked during the puncture process; Marking position: Use a non-fading marking tool to mark the fixed position of the composite sensing membrane ribs on the membrane material according to the design requirements; the marking should ensure that the composite sensing membrane ribs are evenly distributed on the membrane and will not affect the overall performance of the membrane; Preparation of puncture tools: The size and shape of the puncture tools should be suitable for the puncture and fixation of the composite sensor membrane ribs, and can ensure the integrity of the membrane material during the puncture process; Puncture process: the composite sensing membrane ribs are punctured and fixed according to the marked position; the specific steps are: 1) Puncture starting point: fix one end of the composite sensing membrane ribs on one side of the membrane material to ensure that it is firm and not easy to slide; 2) Puncture action: according to the marked position, use the puncture tool to puncture the composite sensing membrane ribs from the front side of the membrane material to the back side, and then from the back side back to the front side; this process should maintain uniform spacing and consistent puncture direction to ensure that the composite sensing membrane ribs form a stable fixed point on the membrane material; 3) Alternate puncture: repeat the above puncture action, alternately puncture and fix the front and back sides until the entire composite sensing membrane ribs are fixed according to the design requirements; the distance between each puncture point should be equal, with a spacing of 2 to 5 cm; Check the fixation effect: After completing the alternating puncture fixation, check the fixation effect of the composite sensor membrane ribs; Mechanical properties test: Conduct mechanical properties test on the fixed membrane material. After the composite sensing membrane ribs are firmly fixed on the base fabric by alternate puncture fixation, the base fabric combined with the composite sensing membrane ribs is then coated; the specific process is as follows: Coating material: Choose polytetrafluoroethylene coating material, Pretreatment of the base fabric surface: Clean the surface of the base fabric with the composite sensing membrane ribs fixed to remove any dirt, grease or other impurities. If necessary, perform appropriate roughening treatment on the surface of the base fabric to increase the adhesion of the coating; Coating process: Select the appropriate coating method according to actual needs and equipment conditions, including spraying, dipping or brushing; Coating thickness control: During the coating process, the coating thickness is strictly controlled to ensure that the coating is uniform and meets the design requirements; usually, the coating thickness is 20-50 microns; Multi-layer coating: adopt the multi-layer coating method; after each layer is coated, it needs to be dried and cured before the next layer is coated; Drying and curing: 1) Natural drying: After coating, place the substrate in a well-ventilated environment for natural drying to ensure that the coating surface is evenly dried; 2) Thermal curing: For situations where the coating performance needs to be enhanced, thermal curing is used; The coated substrate is placed in an oven for heat curing at a temperature of 150-200 degrees Celsius for 30-60 minutes; Quality inspection: Check the surface of the base fabric after coating to ensure that the coating is uniform and free of defects, bubbles, cracks or peeling; test the adhesion, wear resistance and weather resistance of the coating to ensure that the coating performance meets the design requirements.

3. The method for monitoring the stress of a building membrane structure based on fiber grating sensing membrane reinforcement technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S103, the composite sensing membrane ribs are combined with the membrane cloth itself by pasting them on the membrane surface. The specific steps are as follows: Surface treatment: Clean the surface of the membrane material to remove dust and grease; or slightly roughen the surface of the membrane; Adhesive coating: Use a brush or spray gun to evenly coat the adhesive, ensuring that the adhesive covers the contact area between the membrane surface and the composite sensing membrane ribs; Sensing film rib pasting: mark the pasting position of the sensing film rib on the surface of the membrane material according to the design requirements, slowly lay the composite sensing film rib along the marked line on the surface of the membrane material coated with adhesive, press it to make it fully contact with the surface of the membrane material to ensure firm bonding; Strip covering: Cut a 5cm to 10cm wide strip to the required length and apply adhesive; Cover the adhesive-coated strip on the pasted composite sensing film ribs to ensure that both sides of the strip fit tightly with the surface of the film material; Press the strip to ensure that it completely covers and firmly adheres to the composite sensing film ribs; Use a roller or scraper to roll the surface of the strip to remove bubbles and ensure that the strip is tightly bonded to the surface of the film material; Curing and inspection: Place the pasted membrane material in a well-ventilated environment for natural curing; check the bonding effect of the pasted area to ensure that the composite sensor membrane ribs are firmly bonded to the membrane material surface and the long strips without looseness.

4. The method for monitoring the stress of a building membrane structure based on fiber grating sensing membrane reinforcement technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S103, the composite sensing membrane ribs are arranged on the supporting frame of the membrane structure, and the specific steps are as follows: Groove design: grooves are set longitudinally on the support frame, and the grooves on the support frame are cleaned to remove dust and grease to ensure that the bonding area is clean and flat; Adhesive application method: Use a fine brush or syringe to evenly apply the adhesive inside the groove, making sure the adhesive covers the entire groove area; Sensing film rib pasting: slowly embed the composite sensing film rib into the groove coated with adhesive along the marked line, press it to make it fully contact with the bottom of the groove, and ensure firm bonding; Fixing and curing: After the sensor membrane ribs are pasted, use a fixing fixture or a pressing plate to fix them in the groove, and place the pasted support frame in a well-ventilated environment to cure naturally to ensure that the adhesive is completely cured; Quality inspection: Check the bonding effect of the sensor film ribs in the groove to ensure that the bonding between the sensor film ribs and the bottom of the groove is firm and not loose; ensure that the sensor film ribs are accurately arranged along the groove without deviation or falling off; Performance test: Test the sensing performance of the sensor membrane ribs to ensure that they function normally after bonding without signal attenuation or loss.

5. The method for monitoring the stress of a building membrane structure based on fiber Bragg grating sensing membrane reinforcement technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite sensing membrane rib is prepared by arranging a fiber optic grating core in a fiber reinforced plastic rib.

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