Firecracker grafting method for fruit trees and application of firecracker grafting method

Abstract

The invention discloses a firecracker grafting method for fruit trees and application of the firecracker grafting method. The firecracker grafting method comprises the following steps that stocks are selected; scion collection; performing rootstock treatment: performing oblique cutting at a proper grafting point on a rootstock branch to form a cut extending to the xylem, performing longitudinal cutting above the cut along the junction of the phloem and the xylem, and cutting off the cortex to form a longitudinal section; scion treatment: selecting a full scion bud from the scion wood, cutting the scion by adopting a single bud cutting method, and forming a smooth cut surface which is deep to a cambium near a bud point; grafting and post-grafting treatment: inserting the scions into the notches of the rootstocks, tightly jointing the cut surfaces with the longitudinal sections, tightly adhering the bases of the scions to the bottoms of the notches of the rootstocks, aligning cambiums, binding the combined parts of the scions and the rootstocks in a tile shape by using a plastic film belt, exposing bud eyes, and performing post-grafting management. The method has the advantages that cambium alignment is simple and high in speed, the contact area of the scion and the cut surface of the stock is enlarged, water at the joint can be kept, and the grafting speed and the grafting survival rate are remarkably increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of fruit tree grafting, and particularly relates to a firecracker grafting method for fruit trees and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Persimmon (Diospyros kaki Thunb.) is a deciduous tree of the genus Diospyros L. of the family Ebenaceae. It is native to the Yangtze River Basin in my country and is cultivated throughout the country. There are many varieties, and the fruit is rich in various nutrients. It can be eaten fresh or processed into dried persimmon cakes. At the same time, it has a beautiful plant shape, large leaves and dense shade. You can enjoy the leaves in autumn and the fruits in winter. It not only has a high ornamental value, but can also be used for landscaping. Grafting is widely used in persimmon planting. It has a fast growth rate and a short fruiting period, which can reduce the planting cost of fruit farmers, and can also be used to improve varieties through grafting. The market needs a large number of high-quality persimmon seedlings with good fruiting performance every year. Grafted persimmon trees have a well-developed root system, good resistance, fast growth, early fruiting, and good quality. Grafting is an efficient and fast way of reproduction.

[0003] Persimmon tree grafting is to combine the scion (branch) of excellent variety resources on the rootstock through different methods to achieve the purpose of expanding the number of reproduction and maintaining the excellent traits of excellent variety resources. However, because persimmon trees contain an alkaline substance - tannin, it is easy to react chemically with oxygen in the air, causing the wound to turn yellow and black and difficult to heal, making it difficult for persimmon trees to survive after grafting, affecting the survival rate in the later stage. Therefore, when grafting persimmon trees, the grafting speed needs to be fast and the joint surface needs to be close. At present, the common grafting methods of persimmon trees are cleft grafting, cut grafting, belly grafting, and wood bud grafting. These grafting methods require the selection of scions suitable for the cut surface of the rootstock, and require the formation layer to be aligned and closely connected. These grafting methods generally have the problems of slow grafting speed, slow healing speed of the grafting interface, relatively low survival rate, time-consuming and labor-intensive grafting, and relatively low efficiency. When the persimmon seedlings are taken out of the nursery, the film needs to be cut with a blade, which increases the problem of labor costs.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a grafting method with fast grafting speed, fast grafting interface healing speed, high survival rate, labor cost saving, high grafting efficiency and high grafting survival rate. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention proposes a firecracker grafting method for fruit trees, which is used to solve the problems of slow grafting speed, slow healing speed of grafting interface, relatively low survival rate, time-consuming and labor-intensive, relatively low efficiency caused by the current traditional grafting method, and the need to use a blade to cut the film when the grafted persimmon seedlings are taken out of the nursery, which increases the labor cost.

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: The method for grafting firecrackers of a fruit tree according to the present invention is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps: Select rootstock: Choose 1-5 year old healthy seedlings with stem diameter of more than 3mm as rootstock; Scion collection: Select persimmon trees with pure varieties, strong growth, no quarantine diseases and pests, and stable traits as mother trees for scion collection. Cut one-year-old branches with a stem diameter of more than 3mm, strong growth, good lignification and full buds from the new shoots sprouted in the same year as scion cuttings; Stock processing: First, use a blade to make an oblique cut from top to bottom at the appropriate grafting point on the stock branch to form an incision extending to the wood, then cut vertically 2 to 3 cm above the incision along the junction of the phloem and wood to the first incision, and shave off the cortex to form a longitudinal section to make the stock; Scion treatment: Select a full and plump bud from the scion (due to the poor germination ability of the top bud, the side bud is generally selected), cut the scion using the single bud cutting method, and form a smooth and deep cambium cutting surface near the selected bud point, and then put the prepared scion into a basin filled with clean water for later use; Grafting and post-grafting treatment: Select a scion with the same size and appropriate length as the longitudinal section of the stock, insert the selected scion into the incision of the stock, ensure that the cut surface of the scion is tightly connected with the longitudinal section of the stock, the base of the scion is close to the bottom of the incision of the stock, the cambium at the cut surface of the scion is aligned with the cambium at the longitudinal section of the stock, use plastic film to tie the stock and scion joint in a shingled manner, leaving only the bud exposed, and then carry out post-grafting management.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, in the step of selecting a rootstock, a one-year-old healthy seedling with vigorous growth and no diseases or insect pests shall be selected as the rootstock, and the diameter of the grafting point of the rootstock shall be above 0.3 cm.

[0008] As the preferred embodiment of the present application, the rootstock is selected from common wild persimmon, which can be a persimmon tree compatible with the scion, and the lateral branches are cut off to retain the central trunk; the diameter of the central trunk is 3cm~10cm; the scion is selected from the grafted variety of persimmon tree.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the stock treatment step is to treat the stock in the following manner: The starting point for cutting is the flat and smooth part of the rootstock belly or higher, about 10 cm above the ground, facing the sun. Place the blade and the rootstock at an angle of 15° and make a downward bevel cut at the selected starting point of the cut to form a cut deep into the wood; Make a longitudinal cut 2 to 3 cm above the incision along the junction of the phloem and xylem down to the incision, remove the cortex, and form a longitudinal section.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the length of the incision is 0.4~0.8cm.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the width of the longitudinal section of the rootstock is consistent with the width of the cut surface of the scion.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the single bud cutting method in the scion processing step includes: Hold the scion in your left hand and the knife in your right hand, with the base of the scion facing outwards, the flat side facing down close to your index finger, and the bud side of the scion facing up. Cut a slant forward 1cm below the selected bud, with the bevel at a 45° angle. Turn the flat side of the scion upward, and cut the cortex from 0.5cm~1cm above the bud point to form a smooth and deep chamfered surface; Turn the scion sideways and cut it along a 60° angle 0.5 cm above the bud for later use (when grafting in batches, the scion can be stored in a basin of clean water to prevent oxidation of the cut surface).

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, in the scion collection step, the scion is collected in winter or early spring, and the collected scion needs to be placed in a greenhouse with a storage temperature of 15°C to 30°C, and buried with wet sand, and the humidity of the wet sand is controlled at 60% to 70%.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the average daily temperature for grafting is 20-25°C.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the post-grafting management in the grafting and post-grafting treatment steps includes: Bud removal and sprout removal: timely remove all sprouts and root suckers on the rootstock throughout the growing season; Remove the flower spikes: Remove the flower spikes in time when they emerge; Cutting the rootstock: For spring grafting, cut it 10cm above the interface to promote germination; for autumn grafting, do not cut the rootstock, wait until spring to cut the rootstock; after the grafted buds germinate, cut the rootstock outwards 0.2~0.5cm above the interface, and the cut should be horseshoe-shaped; Pinching and topping: When the new shoots of the persimmon seedlings grow to 20-30cm, pinch and topping are done. After topping, new shoots will grow in the axils of each leaf, and the top buds will be retained to extend upward. When the new branches grow to 40-60cm, support columns are inserted next to the rootstock, and the new shoots are tied to guide them to grow upward. Loosening and tying the scion: When it is confirmed that the graft has survived, the interface is firm, and the callus tissue has become old, the plastic film band can be loosened to facilitate thickening growth and prevent the scion from being strangled; Weeding and fertilization: Scientifically manage soil moisture, loosen the soil, weed, and apply thin fertilizers frequently.

[0016] During grafting, the grafting tools should be disinfected at all times, and one variety should be grafted before grafting another to prevent cross infection.

[0017] The present application also provides the application of the firecracker grafting method for fruit trees in fruit tree grafting.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the application is application in persimmon tree grafting.

[0019] The firecracker grafting method mentioned in the present application is named as the firecracker grafting method because after its grafting, the scion is pasted on the stock like a small firecracker. The present invention is a method that the inventor has found out through many years of grafting practice, and the survival rate is particularly high, the new shoots grow vigorously, and can be grafted all year round, which is applicable to various grafting methods-the firecracker grafting method, that is, after the scion is inserted into the stock, the scion is pasted on the stock like a small firecracker, and the formation layer at the incision of the scion and the stock can be closely connected, while expanding the contact area between the scion and the stock section, the moisture at the interface can be well maintained, and the grafting survival rate is significantly improved; the whole grafting method operation process is simple and fast, the formation layer alignment is convenient and fast, the grafting speed is significantly improved, and the new shoots grow vigorously after grafting, and can bloom in the same year, which improves the production efficiency of agricultural planting.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects: (1) The present invention protects a method for grafting persimmon trees. The firecracker grafting combines multiple grafting methods such as single bud grafting, branch grafting, belly grafting, and stick grafting, and has the advantages of single bud grafting, branch grafting, belly grafting, and stick grafting. It can not only save scions, but also promote early germination of scions, accelerate the growth rate of seedlings, and enable vigorous growth of plants. Moreover, the survival rate after grafting is high, the grafting site is easy to select, the cutting speed is fast, and the cutting speed is labor-saving and fast, which can greatly improve the grafting speed; the scion is fully utilized, the scion sprouts strong and powerful, and the scion is saved; the cambium alignment is simple, the contact area between the scion and the stock cut surface is large during grafting, the cambium contact is close, and the grafting healing survival rate is high; the grafting is convenient; the failure of the first grafting will not affect the next grafting; (2) The present application adopts the firecracker grafting method to graft persimmon trees. The alignment of the cambium is simple and fast, and there is no need for careful observation. The scion is placed tightly into the rootstock to ensure that the cambium at the incision can be tightly connected. The contact area between the scion and the rootstock is large, which can well maintain the moisture at the interface and improve the grafting survival rate. The grafting survival rate is over 98%; (3) The grafting method of the present application can be used for grafting all year round. After grafting, the new shoots grow vigorously, strong and neatly, and can bloom in the same year. In addition, the grafting method has a wide range of applications. In addition to persimmon trees, grapefruit, peach trees, pear trees and other seedlings can also be used, which greatly improves the production efficiency of agricultural planting. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 Flow chart of the grafting method in an embodiment of the present application.

[0022] Figure 2The location of the cut for the rootstock branch is shown.

[0023] Figure 3 The location of the longitudinal section of the rootstock is shown.

[0024] Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing the slope formed after beveling of the scion bud.

[0025] Figure 5 Schematic diagram showing the chamfer formed by shaving the cortex of the scion forward.

[0026] Figure 6 Shown is a schematic diagram of scion prepared by the single bud cutting method.

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the completion of the grafting of the firecracker-grafted persimmon seedlings by grafting the large rootstock onto the small scion in the embodiment of the present application.

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the completion of spring grafting of firecracker-grafted persimmon seedlings in an embodiment of the present application, in which the rootstock and scion are substantially the same size.

[0029] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the completion of 40 days of spring grafting of firecracker-grafted persimmon seedlings with large scion grafted onto small rootstock in the embodiments of the present application.

[0030] Fig.10 This is a status diagram of the firecracker-grafted persimmon seedlings in the embodiment of the present application 40 days after the grafting is completed.

[0031] Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the Jinhua Paozhang grafted persimmon seedlings in the present application, grafting completed 45 days later.

[0032] Fig.12 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the Paozhang-grafted persimmon seedlings in the Jinhua Paozhang-grafted persimmon nursery of the present application.

[0033] Fig.13 This is a schematic diagram of the grafting of the Paozhang-grafted persimmon seedlings in the Wuyi Paozhang-grafted persimmon nursery of this application, 45 days after completion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention through specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0035] It should be noted that the process equipment or devices not specifically specified in the following embodiments are all conventional equipment or devices in the art.

[0036] In addition, it should be understood that one or more method steps mentioned in the present invention do not exclude the existence of other method steps before or after the combination step or the insertion of other method steps between these explicitly mentioned steps, unless otherwise specified; it should also be understood that the combination connection relationship between one or more devices / apparatuses mentioned in the present invention does not exclude the existence of other devices / apparatuses before or after the combination device / apparatus or the insertion of other devices / apparatuses between these explicitly mentioned two devices / apparatuses, unless otherwise specified. Moreover, unless otherwise specified, the numbering of each method step is only a convenient tool for identifying each method step, and is not intended to limit the order of arrangement of each method step or the scope of the present invention. Changes or adjustments in their relative relationships should also be regarded as the scope of the present invention without substantially changing the technical content.

[0037] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0038] Figure 1 is a flow chart of the grafting method in an embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, a method for grafting firecrackers of a fruit tree according to the present invention comprises the following steps: S100 selection of rootstock: Select 1-5 year old healthy seedlings with stem diameter of more than 3mm as rootstock; S200 scion collection: Select persimmon trees with pure varieties, strong growth, no quarantine diseases and pests, and stable traits as mother trees for scion collection. Cut one-year-old branches with a stem diameter of more than 3mm, strong growth, good lignification and full buds from the new shoots sprouted in the same year as scion cuttings; S300 stock processing: First, use a blade to make an oblique cut from top to bottom at the appropriate grafting point on the stock branch to form an incision extending to the wood, then cut 1.5 to 3 cm vertically downward along the junction of the phloem and wood 2 to 3 cm above the incision, shave off the cortex to form a longitudinal section, and make the stock; S400 scion treatment: select a full and plump bud from the scion, cut the scion by single bud cutting method, form a smooth and deep cambium (yellow-white part) cut surface near the selected bud point, and slightly cut off the wood part, then put the scion into a basin filled with clean water for later use; this kind of bud without a head is called ordinary single bud; S500 grafting and post-grafting treatment: insert the scion into the cut of the stock, ensure that the cut surface of the scion is tightly connected with the longitudinal section of the stock, align the cambium at the cut surface of the scion with the cambium at the longitudinal section of the stock, and make the base of the scion close to the bottom of the cut of the stock. Use plastic film to tie the joint of the scion and the stock in a shingled manner, leaving only the bud exposed, and then carry out post-grafting management.

[0039] S300 rootstock treatment reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 , showing a schematic diagram of rootstock treatments.

[0040] In some embodiments of the present application, in step S100, a two-year-old healthy seedling with vigorous growth and no pests and diseases shall be selected as the rootstock, and the diameter of the grafting point of the rootstock shall be greater than 0.4 cm.

[0041] In some embodiments of the present application, the S300 stock treatment step treats the stock in the following manner: The starting point for cutting is the flat and smooth part of the rootstock belly or higher, about 10 cm above the ground, facing the sun. Place the blade and the rootstock at a 15° angle and make a downward slanting cut at the selected starting point of cutting to form an incision deep into the xylem. Then make a longitudinal cut downward along the junction of the phloem and xylem 2 to 3 cm above the incision to remove the cortex and form a longitudinal section.

[0042] In some embodiments of the present application, the width of the longitudinal section is substantially consistent with the width of the cut surface. The selection of the size of the scion and the rootstock in the present application is relatively flexible, and can be as follows: Figure 8 The large rootstock shown can also be grafted with a small scion. Fig. 9 The rootstock shown is comparable to the scion and can even be Fig.10 As shown in the grafting of a large scion onto a small rootstock, it is sufficient as long as the width of the longitudinal section is kept consistent with the width of the cut surface as much as possible, and the firecracker-grafted persimmon seedlings obtained by the grafting method of the present application can bloom in the same year.

[0043] In some embodiments of the present application, the length of the incision is 0.4~0.8 cm.

[0044] In some embodiments of the present application, the rootstock is selected from an ordinary persimmon tree, which may be a wild persimmon, and the lateral branches are cut off, and the central trunk is retained; the diameter of the central trunk is 3 cm to 10 cm; and the scion is selected from a persimmon tree of a different variety from the rootstock.

[0045] Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 The schematic diagram of the process of making scion by single bud cutting method in the embodiment of the present application is as follows. Specifically, the single bud cutting method in the scion processing step includes: Hold the scion in your left hand and the knife in your right hand, with the base of the scion facing outwards, the flat side facing down close to your index finger, and the bud side of the scion facing up. Cut a slant forward 1cm below the selected bud, with the bevel at a 45° angle. Turn the flat side of the scion upward, and cut the cortex forward from 0.5 to 1 cm above the bud point to form a smooth cut surface that goes deep to the cambium. Turn the scion sideways with the bud facing up, cut it off along a 60° angle 0.5 cm above the bud, and place it in a basin of clean water for later use.

[0046] In some embodiments of the present application, in the scion collection step, the scion collection time is in winter or early spring, and the collected scion needs to be placed in a greenhouse with a storage temperature of 15°C to 30°C, and the scion is buried with wet sand, and the humidity of the wet sand is controlled at 60% to 70%.

[0047] In some embodiments of the present application, the post-grafting management in the grafting and post-grafting treatment steps includes: Bud removal and sprout removal: timely remove all sprouts and root suckers on the rootstock throughout the growing season; Remove the flower spikes: Remove the flower spikes in time when they emerge; Cutting the rootstock: For spring grafting, cut it 10cm above the interface to promote germination; for autumn grafting, do not cut the rootstock, wait until spring to cut the rootstock; after the grafted buds germinate, cut the rootstock outwards 0.2~0.5cm above the interface, and the cut should be horseshoe-shaped; Pinching and topping: When the new shoots of the persimmon seedlings grow to 20-30cm, pinch and topping are done. After topping, new shoots will grow in the axils of each leaf, and the top buds will be retained to extend upward. When the new branches grow to 40-60cm, support columns are inserted next to the rootstock, and the new shoots are tied to guide them to grow upward. Loosening and tying the scion: When it is confirmed that the graft has survived, the interface is firm, and the callus tissue has become old, the plastic film band can be loosened to facilitate thickening growth and prevent the scion from being strangled; Weeding and fertilization: Scientifically manage soil moisture, loosen the soil, weed, and apply thin fertilizers frequently.

[0048] In some embodiments of the present application, the firecracker grafting method also includes a step of disinfecting the rootstock and the scion.

[0049] During grafting, the grafting tools should be disinfected at all times, and one variety should be grafted before grafting another to prevent cross infection.

[0050] The firecracker grafting method protected by this application has a fast grafting speed, full utilization of scions, and saving of scions; it is convenient to re-graft; the scions sprout strong and strong, and can be grafted in a group of two, one grafting and one tying. Its speed is unmatched by other branch grafting methods. Generally, skilled grafting workers can graft more than 3,000 plants per day on average per group; 30,000, 8,000, and 20,000 plants were grafted in three grafting bases (distributed in Yongkang, Jinhua, and Wuyi) using the firecracker grafting method protected by this application. 45 days after grafting, 100 surviving firecracker grafted persimmon seedlings were randomly selected from each of the three places, and they were cared for 45 days in a conventional manner to observe the survival and growth. A total of 5 plants showed symptoms of growth lag and leaf wilting, and the rest grew normally. The surviving plants with grafted buds and flower buds bloomed and bore fruit in the same year, indicating that the grafting effect was good.

[0051] The raw materials and equipment used in the present invention, unless otherwise specified, are all commonly used raw materials and equipment in the art; the methods used in the present invention, unless otherwise specified, are all conventional methods in the art.

[0052] The above examples are for the purpose of illustrating the embodiments disclosed by the present invention and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. In addition, the various modifications listed herein and the variations of methods and compositions in the invention are obvious to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention. Although the present invention has been specifically described in conjunction with various specific preferred embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to these specific embodiments. In fact, various modifications obvious to those skilled in the art as described above to obtain the invention should be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for grafting firecrackers on fruit trees, characterized in that: The method comprises: Select rootstock: Choose 1-5 year old healthy seedlings with stem diameter of more than 3mm as rootstock; Scion collection: Select persimmon trees with pure varieties, strong growth, no quarantine diseases and pests, and stable traits as mother trees for scion collection. Cut one-year-old branches with a stem diameter of more than 3mm, strong growth, good lignification and full buds from the new shoots sprouted in the same year as scion cuttings; Stock processing: First, make an oblique cut from top to bottom at the appropriate grafting point on the stock branch to form an incision extending to the wood, then make a longitudinal cut 2 to 3 cm above the incision along the junction of the phloem and the wood to the incision, and shave off the cortex to form a longitudinal section to make the stock; Scion treatment: Select a full and plump bud from the scion, cut the scion using the single bud cutting method, form a smooth cut surface deep to the cambium on the back of the selected bud point, and then put the prepared scion into a basin filled with clean water for later use; Grafting and post-grafting treatment: insert the scion into the cut of the stock, ensure that the cut surface of the scion is tightly fitted with the longitudinal section of the stock, the base of the scion is close to the bottom of the cut of the stock, the cambium at the cut surface of the scion is aligned with the cambium at the longitudinal section of the stock, use plastic film to tie the joint of the scion in a shingled manner, leaving only the buds exposed, and then carry out post-grafting management.

2. A method for grafting firecrackers of a fruit tree according to claim 1, characterized in that: Steps for selecting rootstocks: Choose vigorous, disease-free and insect-free healthy seedlings of one year or more as rootstocks, and the diameter of the grafting point of the rootstock should be more than 0.3 cm.

3. A method for grafting firecrackers of a fruit tree according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stock treatment steps are as follows: The starting point for cutting is the flat and smooth part of the rootstock belly or higher, about 10 cm above the ground, facing the sun. Place the blade and the rootstock at an angle of 15° and make a downward bevel cut at the selected starting point of the cut to form a cut deep into the wood; Make a longitudinal cut downward along the junction of the phloem and xylem 2 to 3 cm above the incision, remove the cortex, and form a longitudinal section.

4. A method for grafting firecrackers of a fruit tree according to claim 3, characterized in that: The length of the incision is 0.4-0.8 cm.

5. A method for grafting firecrackers of a fruit tree according to claim 1, characterized in that: The single bud cutting method of scion processing steps includes: Hold the scion in your left hand and the knife in your right hand, with the base of the scion facing outwards, the flat side facing down close to your index finger, and the bud side of the scion facing up. Cut a slanting knife forward 1cm below the selected bud, with the bevel at a 45° angle. Turn the flat side of the scion upward, and cut the cortex forward from 0.5 to 1 cm above the bud point to form a smooth cut surface that goes deep to the cambium. Turn the scion sideways, cut it off along a 60° angle 0.5 cm above the bud point, and place it in a basin of clean water for later use.

6. The method for grafting firecrackers of a fruit tree according to claim 1, wherein: The width of the longitudinal section is substantially consistent with the width of the cut surface.

7. The method for grafting firecrackers of a fruit tree according to claim 1, wherein: In the scion collection step, the scion collection time is in winter or early spring, and the collected scion needs to be placed in a greenhouse with a storage temperature of 15°C to 30°C, and buried with wet sand, and the humidity of the wet sand is controlled at 60% to 70%.

8. The method for grafting firecrackers of a fruit tree according to claim 1, wherein: Post-grafting management during the grafting and post-grafting treatment steps include: Bud removal and sprout removal: timely remove all sprouts and root suckers on the rootstock throughout the growing season; Remove the flower spikes: Remove the flower spikes in time when they emerge; Cutting the rootstock: For spring grafting, cut it 10cm above the interface to promote germination; for autumn grafting, do not cut the rootstock, wait until spring to cut the rootstock; after the grafted buds germinate, cut the rootstock stem outwards 0.2~0.5cm above the interface, and the cut should be horseshoe-shaped; Pinching and topping: When the grafted seedlings on the new shoots grow to 20-30cm, pinch and topping are done. After topping, new shoots will grow in the axils of each leaf, and the top buds will be retained to extend upward. When the new branches grow to 40-60cm, support columns are inserted next to the rootstock, and the new shoots are tied to guide them to grow upward. Loosening and tying the scion: When the graft is confirmed to be alive, the interface is firm, and the callus tissue has become old, loosen the plastic film to facilitate thickening growth and prevent the scion from being strangled; Weeding and fertilization: Scientifically manage soil moisture, loosen the soil, weed, and apply thin fertilizers frequently.

9. Application of the firecracker grafting method for fruit trees described in any one of claims 1 to 8 in fruit tree grafting.

10. The use according to claim 9, characterized in that: The fruit tree is used in persimmon tree grafting.

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