Method for pollinating carrots by flies

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for pollinating carrots by flies. The method for pollinating the carrots by using the flies comprises the following steps: S1, building an arched shed and feeding the flies to obtain fly maggots for later use; s2, selecting a site to build a greenhouse; s3, planting carrot seed plants in a greenhouse, and isolating the carrot seed plants by using a gauze cover; s4, before flowering of the seed plants, implanting a first batch of fly maggots; s5, in the flowering period of the seed plants, planting a second batch of fly maggots; s6, supplementing drinking water for the fly maggots; and S7, during the flowering period of the seed plants, artificially pollinating the carrots by using flies. According to the method for pollinating the carrots by using the flies provided by the invention, the flies with relatively low difficulty are cultivated, the carrots are pollinated by using the flies as a medium, and the seed setting amount of a single plant of the carrots can be increased by using own habits and characteristics of the flies, so that carrot breeding and breeding improvement activities can be facilitated; and the pollination difficulty of the carrots is greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agriculture, and in particular to a method for pollinating carrots by utilizing flies. Background Art

[0002] Carrot is a cross-pollinating crop, and artificial pollination is an important means of selecting and purifying carrot parents. Carrot flowers are compound umbels, each umbel consists of thousands of small flowers, and the small flowers on each umbel open from the outside to the inside in a few days, which makes artificial pollination more difficult, the fruit yield is very low, and affects the speed of new variety selection.

[0003] Animal pollination refers to the process of transferring pollen from stamens to pistils through animals as a medium. It is an important part of plant reproduction and mainly relies on insects (such as bees, butterflies, moths), birds, bats, etc. However, due to their habits and the difficulty of breeding, insects in nature (such as bees, butterflies, moths) are difficult to use in the long-term selection and breeding of new carrot varieties.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a method for utilizing flies to pollinate carrots to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a method for pollinating carrots using flies, which can reduce the difficulty of pollinating carrots and increase the fruit yield of carrots.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] The method of pollinating carrots by flies comprises the following steps:

[0008] S1, building an arch shed and raising flies to obtain fly maggots for later use;

[0009] S2. Select a site to build a greenhouse;

[0010] S3, planting carrot seeds in a greenhouse and using a gauze cover for isolation;

[0011] S4. Before the seed plants bloom, plant the first batch of fly maggots in the gauze cover;

[0012] S5. During the flowering period of the seed plants, a second batch of fly maggots are implanted in the gauze cover;

[0013] S6. Provide drinking water for fly maggots;

[0014] S7. During the flowering period of the plants, use flies to pollinate carrots. After the flowering period of the plants, kill the flies.

[0015] Preferably, the flies should be raised in a place where there are more flies and where sunlight is available.

[0016] Preferably, the fly breeding should be started 15-20 days before the flowering period of carrots.

[0017] Preferably, the arch shed is a frame structure with a height of 1.5-2m and an area of ​​1-3㎡, which is sealed with gauze and film in turn and compacted with soil on all sides.

[0018] Preferably, the temperature in the arch shed is maintained at 20-30°C.

[0019] Preferably, a plurality of circular holes with a diameter of 10-15 cm are provided on the gauze and plastic film on one side of the arch shed.

[0020] Preferably, the method for raising fly maggots comprises the following steps:

[0021] A1. Preparation and placement of egg-collecting materials and maggot-breeding materials. First, place the maggot-breeding material wheat bran in a dish, add clean water and mix well, then spread it in the dish. The thickness should not exceed 4 cm. The dryness and humidity of the maggot material should be controlled at 60%-70%. Then, place the egg-collecting material dead fish or fish viscera on the wheat bran as fly bait to attract flies in nature to lay eggs on it.

[0022] A2. Attract flies to lay eggs. After wheat bran is placed and egg-collecting materials are placed, a large number of flies will be attracted to lay eggs in places with a large number of wild flies every day. Adult flies stand on rotten fish to suck feed and water, and also lay eggs on them.

[0023] A3. The growth of fly maggots. The fly eggs hatch into maggots after 0.5-1.0 days. The young maggots can slowly disperse and drill into the feed. When the larvae eat the feed, they usually eat from top to bottom.

[0024] A4. Obtain adult maggots.

[0025] Preferably, the method for implanting fly maggots comprises the following steps:

[0026] B1. Dig a pit 10-15cm away from the carrot seed plant, place the maggots and maggot material into the pit and cover with soil. The thickness of the soil should not exceed 2cm.

[0027] B2. The temperature is controlled at 15-20℃;

[0028] B3. Obtain adult flies.

[0029] Preferably, a drinking water tray is placed inside the gauze cover.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] The present invention cultivates flies with lower difficulty, uses flies as media to pollinate carrots, and utilizes the habit characteristics of flies to increase the seed yield per carrot plant, is beneficial to carrot breeding and breeding improvement activities, and greatly reduces the difficulty of carrot pollination. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with embodiments, and the embodiments of the present invention include but are not limited to the following embodiments.

[0033] Embodiment 1:

[0034] The method for pollinating carrots by flies provided by the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0035] S1. Build an arch shed and raise flies to obtain maggots for later use. Start raising them about 20 days before the greenhouse carrots bloom (mid-May, different in different regions). Try to build the breeding shed in a place where there are more flies and can get sunlight. The size of the breeding shed should be built according to needs. Generally, iron bars are used to build a frame arch shed with a height of 1.5-2m and an area of ​​1-3㎡. The top is sealed with nylon gauze and plastic film in turn, and the surrounding is compacted with soil. Make sure that the temperature in the arch is maintained at 20-30℃, and it can also prevent rain and avoid sun exposure. On the gauze and plastic film on one side of the arch, open several round holes with a diameter of 10cm at 1m from the ground to facilitate the entry of flies and the addition of water. The method of raising maggots includes the following steps:

[0036] A1, egg collection material, maggot breeding material preparation and placement, first maggot breeding material wheat bran is placed in a dish, add clean water and mix well and then spread in the dish, the thickness is preferably not more than 4cm, the dryness and humidity of the maggot material should be controlled at 60%-70% is appropriate, the water can be squeezed out by hand, and it is appropriate to be scattered when touched, and then the egg collection material dead fish or fish viscera are placed on the wheat bran as fly bait, to lure flies in nature to lay eggs on it;

[0037] A2. Attract flies to lay eggs. After wheat bran is placed and egg-collecting materials are placed, a large number of flies will be attracted to lay eggs every day in places where there are many wild flies. Adult flies stand on rotten fish to suck feed and water, and also lay eggs on them.

[0038] A3. The growth of fly maggots. The fly eggs hatch into maggots after 0.5-1.0 days. The young maggots can slowly disperse and drill into the feed. When the larvae eat the feed, they usually eat from top to bottom.

[0039] A4. Obtain adult maggots (fly larvae) for later use. Place the adult maggots in a breathable jar and place the jar in a cool place for later use.

[0040] S2. Select a site to build a greenhouse. Choose a suitable site to build a greenhouse between the end of March and the beginning of April each year. The height of the greenhouse shall not be less than 3m.

[0041] S3. Plant the carrot seedlings in the greenhouse. Use 10 cm × 10 cm × 2.5 m gauze to isolate the seedlings individually or in pairs before flowering.

[0042] S4. Before the seed plants bloom, the first batch of fly maggots are implanted in the gauze cover. The method for implanting the fly maggots comprises the following steps:

[0043] B1. Dig a pit 10-15cm away from the carrot seedlings, place the maggots and maggot feed into the pit and cover with soil. The thickness of the soil should not exceed 2cm. The maggot feed can be dead fish and rotten animal viscera.

[0044] B2. The temperature in the greenhouse is controlled at 15-20℃;

[0045] B3. After 8-10 days, the flies gradually emerge and become adults. The adults move around in the gauze cover and pollinate the carrots.

[0046] S5. In order to ensure that the carrots can be fully pollinated, a second batch of fly maggots are implanted in the gauze cover about one week after the flowering period of the seed plants begins. The method of implanting the fly maggots is the same as step S4.

[0047] S6. Provide drinking water for fly maggots. During the pollination period, a water tray should be placed in each gauze cover to facilitate drinking water for adult flies.

[0048] S7. During the flowering period of the plants, use flies to pollinate carrots. After the flowering period of the plants, remove the gauze cover, remove the flies together with it, and then use functional insecticides to kill the flies or leave the flies for poultry (chickens and ducks) to eat.

[0049] Through the above measures, flies can be used as a medium to pollinate carrots. Since flies have different habits from other insects (such as bees, butterflies, moths), birds, bats, etc., they can live in a small space for a long time. This living habit is conducive to flies pollinating carrots. In addition, flies are easy to breed and have low costs, making them more suitable pollination media.

[0050] 17 inbred line materials with a total of 39 plants were selected and self-pollinated using the method of Example 1. The results are shown in the following table:

[0051]

[0052] Table 1

[0053] As can be seen from Table 1, the average seed yield per plant is 36.3g.

[0054] A total of 45 plants from 7 inbred lines were selected and self-pollinated using artificial methods. The results are shown in the following table:

[0055]

[0056]

[0057] Table 2

[0058] From Table 2, it can be calculated that under artificial pollination, the average seed yield per plant is 11.0g. Comparing with the results in Table 1, it can be calculated that the average seed yield per plant using fly pollination is 230.0% higher than that of artificial pollination.

[0059] Flies were used to pollinate 13 male sterile materials in pairs with 11 inbred lines with excellent traits, with a total of 28 combinations. The pollination and cultivation were carried out using the method provided in Example 1. The results are shown in the following table:

[0060]

[0061]

[0062] Table 3

[0063] As shown in Table 3, 13 male sterile materials were pollinated by flies, and the average seed yield per plant was 32.8 g.

[0064] During the same period, 4 male sterile materials were artificially pollinated in pairs with 7 inbred lines, with a total of 44 combinations. The results are as follows:

[0065]

[0066] Table 4

[0067] As can be seen from Table 4, the average seed yield per plant is 12.0 g, and the average seed yield per plant using fly pollination is 173.7% higher than that using artificial pollination.

[0068] In summary, it can be clearly concluded that using flies to pollinate carrots can increase the seed yield per carrot plant, which is beneficial to carrot breeding and breeding improvement activities. In addition, the cultivation of flies is relatively easy and cost-effective, making them very suitable for large-scale promotion and use.

Claims

1. A method for pollinating carrots using flies, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, building an arch shed and raising flies to obtain fly maggots for later use; S2. Select a site to build a greenhouse; S3, planting the carrot seedlings and isolating them; S4. Plant the first batch of maggots before the seed plants bloom; S5. During the flowering period of the seed plants, the second batch of fly maggots are implanted; S6. Provide drinking water for fly maggots; S7. During the flowering period of the plants, flies are used to artificially pollinate carrots.

2. A method for pollinating carrots using flies according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flies should be raised in a place where there are more flies and where sunlight is available.

3. The method for pollinating carrots using flies according to claim 1, characterized in that: The breeding of the flies should be started 15-20 days before the flowering period of carrots.

4. The method for pollinating carrots using flies according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arch shed is a frame structure with a height of 1.5-2m and an area of ​​1-3㎡, which is sealed with gauze and film in turn and compacted with soil around.

5. The method for pollinating carrots using flies according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature in the arch shed is maintained at 20-30°C.

6. The method for pollinating carrots using flies according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arch shed is provided with a plurality of circular holes with a diameter of 10-15 cm at a distance of 1 m from the ground.

7. The method for pollinating carrots using flies according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for raising fly maggots comprises the following steps: A1. Preparation and placement of egg collection materials and maggot breeding materials. First, place the maggot breeding material wheat bran in a dish, add clean water and mix well, then spread it in the dish with a dry humidity of 60%-70%, and then place the egg collection material on the wheat bran; A2, attract flies to lay eggs, and adult flies lay their eggs on wheat bran; A3. The growth of fly maggots. The fly eggs hatch into maggots and gradually grow. A4. Obtain adult maggots.

8. The method for pollinating carrots using flies according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for implanting fly maggots comprises the following steps: B1. Dig a pit 10-15cm away from the carrot seed plant, place the maggots and maggot material into the pit and cover with soil; B2. The temperature is controlled at 15-20℃; B3. Obtain adult flies.

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