Bushing cold pressing device and method for sleeper beam air spring pipe base

Abstract

The invention discloses a lining cold pressing device and method for a sleeper beam air spring pipe seat, and relates to the technical field of railway vehicles. The device comprises a gantry ballasting device, a tool platform device, a workpiece positioning device and a workpiece supporting device; the gantry ballasting device is arranged on the top surface of the tool platform device in a sliding mode, a pressing column and a matched hydraulic system are arranged on the gantry ballasting device in a sliding mode, and the pressing column is used for cold pressing a stainless steel lining to be installed in an air spring pipe base of a chassis sleeper beam to be installed; the workpiece positioning device and the workpiece supporting device are arranged on the top face of the tool platform device. The workpiece supporting device is used for supporting a chassis sleeper beam to be mounted; and the workpiece positioning device is used for limiting the direction of the chassis sleeper beam to be mounted. The chassis sleeper beam is supported and limited, the lining cold pressing work of the sleeper beam air spring pipe seat is carried out in cooperation with a stamping device, hardware equipment is simple in structure and convenient to operate, guarantee is provided for work reliability and convenience, and the production requirement is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of rail vehicles, and in particular to a bushing cold pressing device and method for a bolster hollow spring tube seat. Background Art

[0002] In the aluminum alloy car body structure, the empty spring tube seat in the bolster cavity is an important component connecting the car body and the bogie under the car. The quality and sealing of the empty spring tube seat play a vital role in the quality of the car body and operational safety. In a car body design, after the empty spring tube seat is welded to the bolster cavity, the stainless steel bushing is cold-pressed into the machined hole of the empty spring tube seat in an interference fit manner. The inner diameter size of the empty spring tube seat after cold-pressing the bushing is an important control size, which directly affects the car body inspection. The bushing is cold-pressed into the empty spring tube seat in an interference fit manner. On the one hand, it is affected by factors such as ambient temperature, bushing expansion coefficient, tooling accuracy, and operating steps. On the other hand, the interference fit places extremely high requirements on the tolerance matching of adjacent components. The reasonable matching of the tolerances of adjacent components is the key to ensuring the smooth process of cold-pressing the empty spring tube seat to assemble the bushing and product quality.

[0003] Generally speaking, the shrinkage of stainless steel bushings can be derived by calculating the material expansion coefficient, but the low-temperature shrinkage of materials with different matrix structures is somewhat different from the results calculated by the material expansion coefficient. For example, the shrinkage of ferritic stainless steel and austenitic stainless steel in the same low-temperature environment is quite different from the values ​​derived by the material expansion coefficient. Secondly, the cold pressing process of the bushing is a kind of interference fit. Generally speaking, its tolerance fit can be obtained according to the design manual. However, the narrow tolerance range of the inner diameter tolerance specified in the design after the cold pressing assembly of the bushing determines the dimensional tolerance of the inner and outer diameters of the bushing, the machined empty dimensional tolerance of the empty spring tube seat, the dimensional tolerance of the outer diameter of the auxiliary guide column, and the inner diameter tolerance of the auxiliary pressure head. There are strict tolerance requirements. The relationship between the dimensional tolerances of each component is complementary and mutually restrictive. The rationality of the tolerance matching relationship between the dimensional tolerances of the inner and outer diameters of the bushing, the machined empty dimensional tolerances of the empty spring tube seat, the outer diameter dimensional tolerances of the auxiliary guide column and the inner diameter tolerances of the auxiliary pressure head directly determines whether the cold installation of the bushing in the empty spring tube seat is successful. If the dimensional tolerances of adjacent components are not reasonably matched, the bushing will not be able to be pressed or the bushing will be fractured, and even the entire pillow beam product will be directly scrapped. Finally, the cold pressing assembly operation of the bushing requires precise positioning reference horizontal plane of the bushing, and the inner diameter size of the bushing is greatly affected by the ambient temperature. Therefore, the cold pressing operation of the bushing requires high tooling precision, fast operation speed and standardized pressing process.

[0004] Therefore, in order to meet the actual needs, a bushing cold pressing technology for the bolster empty spring pipe seat is provided. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the defects existing in the prior art, the purpose of this application is to provide a device and method for cold pressing the bushing of the empty spring tube seat of the bolster, to support and limit the bolster of the base frame, and to cooperate with the stamping device to cold press the bushing of the empty spring tube seat of the bolster. The hardware equipment has a simple structure and is easy to operate, which provides guarantees for the reliability and convenience of the work and meets production needs.

[0006] In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this application is:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present application provides a bushing cold pressing device for a bolster hollow spring tube seat, the device comprising:

[0008] Gantry ballast device, tooling platform device, workpiece positioning device and workpiece supporting device;

[0009] The gantry ballast device is slidably arranged on the top surface of the tooling platform device, and a pressure column and a matching hydraulic system are slidably arranged on the gantry ballast device, and the pressure column is used to cold-press the stainless steel bushing to be installed into the empty spring tube seat of the base frame bolster to be installed;

[0010] The workpiece positioning device and the workpiece supporting device are arranged on the top surface of the tooling platform device;

[0011] The workpiece support device is used to support the bolster of the chassis to be installed;

[0012] The workpiece positioning device is used to limit the orientation of the base frame bolster to be installed.

[0013] On the basis of the above technical solution, the gantry ballast device comprises:

[0014] A group of symmetrically arranged gantry brackets, wherein the bottom of the gantry brackets is arranged on the gantry bracket slide rail;

[0015] A gantry beam is arranged between the gantry supports, a hydraulic system is arranged on the top of the gantry beam, a pressure column sliding track is arranged on the bottom surface of the gantry beam, and end limit blocks are arranged at both ends of the pressure column sliding track;

[0016] A pressure column slidably arranged on the pressure column sliding track, the pressure column is connected to the hydraulic system, a pressure column locker is arranged on the pressure column, the pressure column locker is used to lock the bottom of the pressure column to limit the position of the pressure column on the pressure column sliding track, and the pressure column is used to cold press the stainless steel bushing to be installed into the empty spring tube seat of the base frame bolster to be installed;

[0017] The pressure column moving transmission chain arranged on the gantry cross beam is connected with the pressure column to drive the pressure column to slide on the pressure column sliding track.

[0018] On the basis of the above technical solution, the tooling platform device comprises:

[0019] A tooling platform, the bottom of which is provided with a tooling longitudinal beam and a tooling cross beam;

[0020] A set of tooling platform slide rails symmetrically arranged on the top surface of the tooling platform, and a plurality of gantry slideway positioning and locking holes are arranged at intervals on the tooling platform slide rails;

[0021] The gantry support slide rail is slidably arranged on the tooling platform slide rail, and the gantry locker arranged on the gantry support slide rail cooperates with the gantry slideway positioning locking hole to limit the orientation of the gantry support slide rail on the tooling platform slide rail.

[0022] On the basis of the above technical solution, the workpiece supporting device comprises:

[0023] A plurality of workpiece placement supports symmetrically arranged on the top surface of the tooling platform, the workpiece placement supports being used to place the bolster of the chassis to be installed;

[0024] A workpiece lateral baffle is arranged on the top surface of each workpiece placement support, and the workpiece lateral baffle is used to cooperate with the workpiece placement support to limit the horizontal displacement of the base frame bolster to be installed.

[0025] On the basis of the above technical solution, the workpiece positioning device comprises:

[0026] A plurality of workpiece positioning brackets are symmetrically arranged on the top surface of the tooling platform, a limited position slide is arranged on the top surface of the workpiece positioning bracket, a slide block is slidably arranged on the limited position slide, and a limited position block is arranged on the top surface of the slide block;

[0027] The workpiece placement support is located in an area on the top surface of the tooling platform surrounded by a plurality of the workpiece positioning brackets;

[0028] The limit block slides on the limit slide based on the slide pressure block, so as to cooperate with the workpiece lateral baffle and the workpiece placement support to limit the vertical displacement of the base frame bolster to be installed.

[0029] On the basis of the above technical solution, a contact sensor is provided on the bottom surface of the limit block which is used to contact the bolster of the chassis to be installed.

[0030] On the basis of the above technical solution, the device further comprises:

[0031] A stainless steel pressing head is used to be buckled in the empty spring tube seat of the base frame bolster to be installed, and cooperate with the pressing column to cold press the stainless steel bushing to be installed, which is an inverted barrel structure, and a first air overflow hole is provided on the top wall;

[0032] A nylon guide column is arranged inside the stainless steel pressure head, a second air overflow hole is provided in the center of the nylon guide column, a compressed air storage chamber is provided at the lower end of the nylon guide column, and a circumferential annular groove is provided in the contact surface area between the nylon guide column and the machined hole of the empty spring tube seat of the chassis pillow beam to be installed.

[0033] Based on the above technical solution, the diameter of the first air overflow hole is 6 mm;

[0034] The diameter of the second air overflow hole is 9 mm;

[0035] The height of the compressed air storage chamber is 2 to 4 mm;

[0036] The width of the circumferential annular groove is 2 mm and the depth is 1 mm.

[0037] On the basis of the above technical solution, the device further comprises:

[0038] A screw jack located at the center of the area on the top surface of the tooling platform surrounded by the plurality of workpiece placement supports;

[0039] A tightening support seat arranged on the top surface of the screw jack;

[0040] A rotating support seat rotatably arranged on the top surface of the tightening support seat;

[0041] The nylon pad arranged on the rotating support seat is used to contact the outer wall of the bottom end of the empty spring tube seat of the base frame pillow beam to be installed, and cooperate with the spiral jack, the tightening support seat and the rotating support seat for support.

[0042] In a second aspect, the present application provides a bushing cold pressing method of the bushing cold pressing device for a bolster empty spring tube seat mentioned in the first aspect, the bushing cold pressing method comprising the following steps:

[0043] Placing the bolster of the chassis to be installed on the workpiece supporting device, and limiting the position of the bolster of the chassis to be installed by using the workpiece positioning device;

[0044] Clean the empty reed pipe seat of the stainless steel bushing to be installed and the empty reed pipe seat of the chassis bolster to be installed, and place the stainless steel bushing on the empty reed pipe seat of the chassis bolster to be installed;

[0045] Moving the gantry ballast device and the pressure column so that the pressure column is located above the stainless steel bushing;

[0046] The stainless steel bushing is cold pressed so as to be pressed into the empty spring tube seat of the base frame bolster to be installed.

[0047] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this application are:

[0048] This application supports and limits the base frame bolster, and cooperates with the stamping device to cold press the bushing of the bolster empty spring tube seat. The hardware equipment has a simple structure and is easy to operate, which provides guarantees for the reliability and convenience of the work and meets production needs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0050] Figure 1 It is a side view of a bushing cold pressing device for a bolster empty spring pipe seat according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] Figure 2 A top view of a bushing cold pressing device for a bolster hollow spring pipe seat according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0052] Figure 3 A is a partial enlarged view of a bushing cold pressing device for a bolster hollow spring pipe seat according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0053] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the bushing dimensions of a bushing cold pressing device for a bolster empty spring tube seat according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0054] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the machining dimensions of an empty reed tube seat of a bushing cold pressing device for an empty reed tube seat of a bolster according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0055] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the dimensions of a stainless steel pressing head of a bushing cold pressing device for a bolster hollow spring pipe seat according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0056] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the dimensions of a nylon guide column of a bushing cold pressing device for a bolster empty spring tube seat according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0057] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of compressed gas flow diversion during cold pressing of an empty reed tube seat of a bolster empty reed tube seat of an embodiment of the present application;

[0058] Fig. 9 This is a process flow chart of a cold pressing method for a bushing of a bolster hollow spring tube seat according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0059] In the figure:

[0060] 100, gantry ballast device; 200, tooling platform device; 300, workpiece positioning device; 400, workpiece support device; 1, hydraulic system; 2, gantry crossbeam; 3, pressure column moving transmission chain; 4, pressure column sliding track; 5, pressure column locker; 6, pressure column; 7, gantry bracket; 8, M16 bolt; 9, M14 bolt; 10, gantry bracket slide rail; 11, gantry locker; 12, end limit block; 13, tooling longitudinal beam; 14, tooling crossbeam; 15, tooling platform; 16, tooling platform slide rail ; 17. Gantry slide positioning locking hole; 18. Workpiece positioning bracket; 19. Limit slide; 20. Limit block; 21. Slide pressure block; 22.; 23. Contact sensor; 24. Workpiece side baffle; 25. Workpiece placement support; 26. Tightening support seat; 27. Nylon pad; 28. Rotating support seat; 29. ​​Screw jack; 30. Stainless steel pressure head; 31. M10 bolt; 32. Nylon guide column; 1000, base frame pillow beam; 2000, empty spring pipe seat; 3000, stainless steel bushing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0062] The embodiments of the present application are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0063] The embodiment of the present application provides a device and method for cold pressing the bushing of the empty spring tube seat of the bolster, which supports and limits the bolster of the base frame, and cooperates with the stamping device to cold press the bushing of the empty spring tube seat of the bolster. The hardware equipment has a simple structure and is easy to operate, which provides guarantees for the reliability and convenience of the work and meets production needs.

[0064] In order to achieve the above technical effects, the overall idea of ​​this application is as follows:

[0065] A bushing cold pressing device for a bolster hollow spring pipe seat, the device comprising:

[0066] Gantry ballast device 100, tooling platform device 200, workpiece positioning device 300 and workpiece supporting device 400;

[0067] The gantry ballast device 100 is slidably arranged on the top surface of the tooling platform device 200, and a pressure column 6 and a matching hydraulic system 1 are slidably arranged on the gantry ballast device 100, and the pressure column 6 is used to cold-press the stainless steel bushing to be installed into the empty spring tube seat of the base frame bolster to be installed;

[0068] The workpiece positioning device 300 and the workpiece supporting device 400 are arranged on the top surface of the tooling platform device 200;

[0069] The workpiece support device 400 is used to support the bolster of the chassis to be installed;

[0070] The workpiece positioning device 300 is used to limit the orientation of the chassis bolster to be installed.

[0071] The embodiments of the present application are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0072] First, see Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the embodiment of the present application provides a bushing cold pressing device for a bolster hollow spring pipe seat, the device comprising:

[0073] Gantry ballast device 100, tooling platform device 200, workpiece positioning device 300 and workpiece supporting device 400;

[0074] The gantry ballast device 100 is slidably arranged on the top surface of the tooling platform device 200, and a pressure column 6 and a matching hydraulic system 1 are slidably arranged on the gantry ballast device 100, and the pressure column 6 is used to cold-press the stainless steel bushing to be installed into the empty spring tube seat of the base frame bolster to be installed;

[0075] The workpiece positioning device 300 and the workpiece supporting device 400 are arranged on the top surface of the tooling platform device 200;

[0076] The workpiece support device 400 is used to support the bolster of the chassis to be installed;

[0077] The workpiece positioning device 300 is used to limit the orientation of the chassis bolster to be installed.

[0078] It should be noted that the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application proposes a process concept for solving the interference fit tolerance matching of the pillow block bushing, that is, based on the preset tolerance range of the inner diameter of the pressure head and the outer diameter of the guide column, the method of extreme value interval comparison and product testing is adopted to perform a closed-loop analysis of the preset associated dimensional tolerances, optimize the tolerance range of the inner and outer diameters of the bushing, avoid batch scrapping of products, and ensure product quality.

[0079] In the embodiment of the present application, the base frame bolster is supported and limited, and the stamping device is used to cold-press the bushing of the bolster empty spring tube seat. The hardware equipment has a simple structure and is easy to operate, which provides guarantees for the reliability and convenience of the work and meets production needs.

[0080] Furthermore, the gantry ballast device 100 includes:

[0081] A group of symmetrically arranged gantry brackets 7, wherein the bottom of the gantry brackets 7 is arranged on the gantry bracket slide rail 10;

[0082] A gantry beam 2 is arranged between the gantry brackets 7, a hydraulic system 1 is arranged on the top of the gantry beam 2, a pressure column sliding track 4 is arranged on the bottom surface of the gantry beam 2, and end limit blocks 12 are arranged at both ends of the pressure column sliding track 4;

[0083] A pressure column 6 is slidably arranged on the pressure column sliding track 4, the pressure column 6 is connected to the hydraulic system 1, and a pressure column locker 5 is arranged on the pressure column 6, the pressure column locker 5 is used to lock the bottom of the pressure column 6 to limit the position of the pressure column 6 on the pressure column sliding track 4, and the pressure column 6 is used to cold press the stainless steel bushing to be installed into the empty spring tube seat of the base frame bolster to be installed;

[0084] The pressure column moving transmission chain 3 arranged on the gantry cross beam 2 is connected to the pressure column 6 to drive the pressure column 6 to slide on the pressure column sliding track 4.

[0085] Furthermore, the tooling platform device 200 includes:

[0086] A tooling platform 15, the bottom of which is provided with a tooling longitudinal beam 13 and a tooling cross beam 14;

[0087] A set of tooling platform slide rails 16 symmetrically arranged on the top surface of the tooling platform 15, and a plurality of gantry slideway positioning locking holes 17 are arranged at intervals on the tooling platform slide rails 16;

[0088] The gantry support slide rail 10 is slidably arranged on the tooling platform slide rail 16 , and the gantry locker 11 arranged on the gantry support slide rail 10 cooperates with the gantry slideway positioning locking hole 17 to limit the orientation of the gantry support slide rail 10 on the tooling platform slide rail 16 .

[0089] Furthermore, the workpiece supporting device 400 includes:

[0090] A plurality of workpiece placement supports 25 symmetrically arranged on the top surface of the tooling platform 15, wherein the workpiece placement supports 25 are used to place the bolster of the chassis to be installed;

[0091] A workpiece lateral baffle 24 is arranged on the top surface of each workpiece placement support 25, and the workpiece lateral baffle 24 is used to cooperate with the workpiece placement support 25 to limit the horizontal displacement of the base frame bolster to be installed.

[0092] Furthermore, the workpiece positioning device 300 includes:

[0093] A plurality of workpiece positioning brackets 18 are symmetrically arranged on the top surface of the tooling platform 15, a limiting slide 19 is arranged on the top surface of the workpiece positioning bracket 18, a slide block 21 is slidably arranged on the limiting slide 19, and a limiting block 20 is arranged on the top surface of the slide block 21;

[0094] The workpiece placement support 25 is located in the area surrounded by the plurality of workpiece positioning brackets 18 on the top surface of the tooling platform 15;

[0095] The limit block 20 slides on the limit slide 19 based on the slide pressure block 21, so as to cooperate with the workpiece lateral baffle 24 and the workpiece placement support 25 to limit the vertical displacement of the base frame bolster to be installed.

[0096] Furthermore, a contact sensor 23 is provided on the bottom surface of the limit block 20 which is used to contact the bolster of the chassis to be installed.

[0097] Furthermore, the device also includes:

[0098] A stainless steel pressing head 30 is used to be buckled in the empty spring tube seat of the base frame bolster to be installed, and cooperate with the pressing column 6 to cold press the stainless steel bushing to be installed. The stainless steel pressing head 30 is an inverted barrel-shaped structure, and a first air overflow hole is provided on the top wall thereof;

[0099] A nylon guide column 32 is arranged inside the stainless steel pressure head 30, and a second air overflow hole is provided in the center of the nylon guide column 32. A compressed air storage chamber is provided at the lower end of the nylon guide column 32. A circumferential annular groove is provided in the contact surface area between the nylon guide column 32 and the machined hole of the empty spring tube seat of the chassis pillow beam to be installed.

[0100] Furthermore, the diameter of the first air overflow hole is 6 mm;

[0101] The diameter of the second air overflow hole is 9 mm;

[0102] The height of the compressed air storage chamber is 2 to 4 mm;

[0103] The width of the circumferential annular groove is 2 mm and the depth is 1 mm.

[0104] Furthermore, the device also includes:

[0105] A screw jack 29, which is located at the center of the area on the top surface of the tooling platform 15 surrounded by the plurality of workpiece placement supports 25;

[0106] A tightening support seat 26 disposed on the top surface of the screw jack 29;

[0107] A rotating support seat 28 rotatably disposed on the top surface of the tightening support seat 26;

[0108] The nylon pad 27 arranged on the rotating support seat 28 is used to contact the outer wall of the bottom end of the empty spring tube seat of the chassis bolster to be installed, and cooperate with the spiral jack 29, the tightening support seat 26 and the rotating support seat 28 for support.

[0109] In summary, the bushing cold pressing device for the hollow spring tube seat of the bolster mentioned in the embodiment of the present application has the characteristics of flexible operation, strong practicality and high precision, including: a gantry ballast device 100, a tooling platform device 200, a workpiece positioning device 300, a workpiece support device 400, a tightening support seat 26, a nylon pad 27, a rotating support seat 28, a spiral jack 29, a stainless steel pressure head 30, an M10 bolt 31 and a nylon guide column 32; wherein,

[0110] The gantry ballast device 100 is composed of a hydraulic system 1, a gantry crossbeam 2, a pressure column moving transmission chain 3, a pressure column sliding track 4, a pressure column locker 5, a pressure column 6, a gantry bracket 7, an M16 bolt 8, an M14 bolt 9, a gantry bracket slide rail 10, a gantry locker 11, and an end limit block 12. The entire gantry ballast device 100 is installed on the tooling platform slide rail 16 of the tooling platform device 200;

[0111] The tooling platform device 200 is composed of a tooling longitudinal beam 13, a tooling cross beam 14, a tooling platform 15, a tooling platform slide rail 16, an M14 bolt 9, and a gantry slideway positioning locking hole 17. After the tooling longitudinal beam 13 and the tooling cross beam 14 are welded into a frame, the tooling platform 15 is installed on the frame through the M14 bolt 9, and the whole is machined. Finally, the tooling platform slide rail 16 is installed on the tooling platform 15 through the M14 bolt 9;

[0112] The workpiece positioning device 300 is composed of an M14 bolt 9, a workpiece positioning bracket 18, a limit slide 19, a limit block 20, a slide block 21, an M8 bolt 22, and a contact sensor 23. The limit slide 19, the limit block 20, the slide block 21, and the contact sensor 23 are installed on the workpiece positioning bracket 18 through the M8 bolt 22. Finally, the workpiece positioning bracket 18 is installed on the tooling platform 15 through the M14 bolt 9. The lower surfaces of the four groups of limit blocks 20 must be on the same horizontal plane and perpendicular to the pressure column 6 of the gantry ballast device 100. There are 4 groups of workpiece positioning devices 300 in total.

[0113] The workpiece support device 400 is composed of a workpiece side baffle 24, a workpiece placement support 25, and an M14 bolt 9. The workpiece side baffle 24 is welded to the top of the workpiece placement support 25, and finally installed on the tooling platform 15 through the M14 bolt 9. The four sets of workpiece support devices must be 2 to 3 mm lower than the theoretical position of the ballast of the empty spring tube seat of the pillow block. There are a total of four sets of workpiece support devices 400.

[0114] Furthermore, the stainless steel pressure head 30 is provided with a first air overflow hole of Φ6mm, the center of the nylon guide column 32 is provided with a second air overflow hole of Φ9mm, the lower end of the nylon guide column 32 is provided with a compressed air storage chamber with a height of 2 to 4mm, and the contact surface area between the nylon guide column 32 and the empty reed pipe seat machine hole is provided with a circumferential annular groove with a width of 2mm and a depth of 1mm to prevent the air in the empty reed pipe seat from affecting the cold pressed assembly bushing.

[0115] By converting the horizontal plane of the sleeper beam machine into the horizontal plane of the four groups of limit blocks in the workpiece positioning device 300, the screw jack is adjusted to determine the positioning reference plane for cold pressing of the bushing, which saves tooling costs, is easy to operate, has strong practicality, and significantly improves production efficiency; a contact sensor 23 is arranged on the lower surface of the end of the limit block 20 in the workpiece positioning device 300, which is an overload protection for the workpiece positioning device 300 during the process of adjusting the workpiece height by the screw jack 29, thereby ensuring the tooling accuracy requirements for the cold pressed assembly of the bushing.

[0116] As shown in the attached figure of the specification Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the rail vehicle aluminum alloy hollow spring tube seat 2000 is welded to the inner cavity of the chassis bolster 1000, and the upper surface of the bolster is integrally machined. The outer diameter size D1 of the stainless steel bushing designed in the drawing is Φ700, +0.148mm, and the inner diameter size D2 of the stainless steel bushing is Φ60+0.07, +0.13mm. Figure 4 As shown;

[0117] The outer diameter of the hollow reed pipe seat machine is designed in the drawing as A1, which is Φ700, +0.046mm, and the inner diameter of the hollow reed pipe seat machine is A2, which is Φ550, +0.02mm. Figure 5 As shown;

[0118] The stainless steel bushing 3000 is cold pressed into the machined hole of the empty spring tube seat 2000 in an interference fit manner. After the bushing is cold pressed to room temperature, the final inner diameter size of the bushing designed in the drawing is Φ700, +0.07mm; the inner diameter size of the stainless steel pressure head is B, the outer diameter of the upper end of the nylon guide column is C1, and the outer diameter of the lower end of the nylon guide column is C2. The size and position relationship of the above components are as follows: Figure 3 shown.

[0119] like Figure 1 to Figure 3As shown, the bushing cold pressing device for the empty spring tube seat of the bolster beam includes: a gantry ballast device 100, a tooling platform device 200, a workpiece positioning device 300, a workpiece supporting device 400, a hydraulic system 1, a gantry crossbeam 2, a pressure column moving transmission chain 3, a pressure column sliding track 4, a pressure column locker 5, a pressure column 6, a gantry bracket 7, an M16 bolt 8, an M14 bolt 9, a gantry bracket slide rail 10, a gantry locker 11, an end limit stopper 12, and a tooling longitudinal Beam 13, tooling crossbeam 14, tooling platform 15, tooling platform slide rail 16, gantry slide positioning locking hole 17, workpiece positioning bracket 18, limit slide 19, limit block 20, slide pressure block 21, M8 bolt 22, contact sensor 23, workpiece side baffle 24, workpiece placement support 25, tightening support seat 26, nylon pad 27, rotating support seat 28, screw jack 29, pressure head 30, M10 bolt 31, guide column 32.

[0120] In summary, the bushing cold pressing device for the bolster hollow spring pipe seat has the following advantages:

[0121] First, by converting the horizontal plane of the sleeper machine into the horizontal plane of the four groups of limit blocks in the workpiece positioning device, the screw jack is adjusted to determine the positioning reference plane for cold pressing of the bushing, which saves tooling costs, is easy to operate, has strong practicality, and significantly improves production efficiency.

[0122] Secondly, a process method for solving the interference fit tolerance matching of the pillow block bushing was proposed, which uses the method of extreme value interval comparison and product testing to perform a closed-loop analysis of the preset associated dimensional tolerances, optimize the tolerance range of the inner and outer diameters of the bushing, avoid batch scrapping of products, and ensure product quality.

[0123] Third, the step-by-step implementation of the cold-pressed assembly bushing of the bolster empty reed tube seat and the specification of the pressing process of the cold-pressed assembly bushing facilitate the analysis and control of the dimensional tolerances of each component during the pressing process, which is a necessary and sufficient condition to ensure the quality of the cold-pressed assembly bushing of the bolster empty reed tube seat.

[0124] Second, see Fig. 9 As shown, the present application provides a bushing cold pressing method of the bushing cold pressing device for the bolster empty spring tube seat mentioned in the first aspect, and the bushing cold pressing method comprises the following steps:

[0125] S1, placing the bolster of the chassis to be installed on the workpiece supporting device 400, and limiting the position of the bolster of the chassis to be installed by using the workpiece positioning device 300;

[0126] S2, cleaning the empty reed pipe seat of the stainless steel bushing to be installed and the base frame bolster to be installed, and placing the stainless steel bushing on the empty reed pipe seat of the base frame bolster to be installed;

[0127] S3, moving the gantry ballast device 100 and the pressure column 6, so that the pressure column 6 is located above the stainless steel bushing;

[0128] S4. Cold pressing the stainless steel bushing to press it into the empty spring tube seat of the base frame bolster to be installed.

[0129] In the embodiment of the present application, the base frame bolster is supported and limited, and the stamping device is used to cold-press the bushing of the bolster empty spring tube seat. The hardware equipment has a simple structure and is easy to operate, which provides guarantees for the reliability and convenience of the work and meets production needs.

[0130] Based on the above technical solution, the workflow in actual operation is as follows:

[0131] The first step is to test and determine the shrinkage of the bushing outer diameter in a liquid nitrogen -196°C environment;

[0132] The second step is to preset the tolerance range of the inner diameter of the stainless steel pressure head and the outer diameters of the upper and lower ends of the nylon guide column;

[0133] The third step is to conduct a theoretical analysis of the dimensional tolerances of the inner and outer diameters of the bushing designed in the drawing;

[0134] The fourth step is to conduct theoretical analysis and test on the process tolerance of the preset inner and outer diameters of the bushing:

[0135] Step 5: Optimize the tolerance range of the inner and outer diameters of the bushing;

[0136] The sixth step is to standardize the pressing process of cold-pressing the assembly bushing of the empty spring pipe seat of the pillow block.

[0137] In the first step above, clean the dust, oil and other foreign matter on the surface of the bushing and put it in the basket. Use an inner diameter micrometer to measure the inner diameter of the bushing. Then put the basket in a liquid nitrogen tank to cool it down for at least 5 hours. After removing the bushing with a special tool, use an inner diameter micrometer to measure the inner diameter before and after cooling. The measurement time is less than 5 seconds. Calculate the shrinkage of the bushing inner diameter after cooling.

[0138] In the second step above, according to the machining dimension tolerance of the hollow spring pipe seat designed in the drawing and the dimension tolerance of the bushing after press-fitting, the tolerance range of the inner diameter of the stainless steel pressure head and the outer diameter of the upper and lower ends of the nylon guide column are preset;

[0139] In the third step, according to the bushing shrinkage obtained in the first step, combined with the machining dimension tolerance of the empty spring tube seat in the drawing and the inner diameter dimension tolerance of the bushing after press-fitting, the bushing dimension tolerance in the drawing is theoretically analyzed by the extreme value interval comparison method, and the process tolerance range of the inner and outer diameters of the bushing is preset;

[0140] In the fourth and fifth steps above, with respect to the process tolerance range of the inner and outer diameters of the bushing proposed in the third step, theoretical analysis and experiments are conducted on the process tolerances of the inner and outer diameters of the preset bushings. After each set of experiments, the inner diameter dimensions of the bushings after cold pressing and after cold pressing to restore to room temperature are measured with an inner diameter micrometer, and the change in the bushing inner diameter dimension is calculated. The detection time is less than 5 seconds. Finally, based on the test results and the inner diameter dimension tolerance requirements of the bushing after press-fitting, the bushing inner and outer diameter tolerance ranges are optimized.

[0141] Furthermore, if the tolerance range of the inner and outer diameters of the bushing optimized in the fifth step is reasonable, the tolerance range of the inner and outer diameters of the bushing is solidified and mass production is carried out; if the tolerance range of the inner and outer diameters of the bushing optimized is unreasonable, return to the second to fifth steps, and re-analyze the tolerance range of the inner diameter of the stainless steel pressure head, the outer diameters of the upper and lower ends of the nylon guide column, and the inner and outer diameters of the bushing;

[0142] In the sixth step mentioned above, the pressing process of cold-pressing the assembly bushing of the empty spring tube seat of the pillow block is standardized, which specifically includes: the cooling time of the bushing in the liquid nitrogen tank, the workpiece leveling steps, the bushing cold pressing operation steps, the bushing pressing time, etc.

[0143] As shown in the attached figure of the specification Fig. 9 As shown, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application is based on the bushing cold pressing device for the bolster empty reed pipe seat mentioned in the first aspect, and relates to a bushing cold pressing method for the bolster empty reed pipe seat, which specifically includes the following implementation steps:

[0144] The first step is to test and determine the shrinkage of the bushing in liquid nitrogen -196℃ environment:

[0145] After cleaning the dust, oil and other foreign matter on the surface of the bushing, put it in the basket and measure the inner diameter of the bushing with an inside micrometer. Then put the basket into the liquid nitrogen tank for cooling. The cooling time should be at least 5 hours. After taking out the bushing with special tools, measure the inner diameter after cooling with an inside micrometer. The detection time should be less than 5 seconds. The shrinkage of the inner diameter of the bushing after cooling is calculated by difference. Three groups of tests are conducted. Finally, it is determined that the shrinkage of the bushing in the liquid nitrogen environment of -196℃ is about 0.1mm.

[0146] The second step is to preset the tolerance range of the inner diameter B of the stainless steel pressure head, the upper outer diameter C1 of the nylon guide column, and the lower outer diameter C2:

[0147] According to the design drawings, the outer diameter size A1 of the hollow reed pipe seat machine is Φ700, +0.046mm, the inner diameter size A2 of the hollow reed pipe seat machine is Φ550, +0.02mm, and the inner diameter size of the bushing at room temperature after cold pressing is Φ700, +0.07mm. The preset inner diameter B of the stainless steel pressure head is Φ600, +0.05mm. Figure 6As shown, the outer diameter C1 of the upper end of the nylon guide column is Φ60-0.06, -0.03mm, and the outer diameter C2 of the lower end of the nylon guide column is Φ55-0.03, -0.01mm. Figure 7 shown.

[0148] The third step is to conduct a theoretical analysis of the dimensional tolerances of the inner and outer diameters of the bushing designed in the drawing:

[0149] From the first step of the test, it can be seen that the shrinkage of the bushing in liquid nitrogen -196℃ environment is about 0.1mm.

[0150] The outer diameter of the stainless steel bushing designed in the drawing is D1Φ70+0.102,+0.148mm.

[0151] The inner diameter of the stainless steel bushing designed in the drawing is D2Φ60+0.07,+0.13mm.

[0152] The outer aperture size of the hollow reed pipe seat machined according to the drawing design is A1Φ700, +0.046mm.

[0153] Taking the outer aperture size A1 of the hollow spring base machine as Φ700, +0.046mm as the benchmark, the extreme value interval comparison is carried out: when the outer diameter of the stainless steel bushing is the upper deviation +0.148mm, 0.148-0=0.148mm, 0.148-0.046=0.102mm, it can be seen that the shrinkage of the bushing in a low temperature environment must be between 0.102 and 0.148mm to meet the extreme value conditions of the cold pressing process; when the outer diameter of the stainless steel bushing is the lower deviation +0.10 When the outer diameter of the stainless steel bushing is 2mm, 0.102-0=0.102mm, 0.102-0.046=0.056mm. It can be seen that the shrinkage of the bushing in a low temperature environment must be between 0.056 and 0.102mm to meet the extreme conditions of the cold pressing process. Therefore, through the comparison of the extreme intervals, it can be seen that the tolerance range of the outer diameter size of the stainless steel bushing D1Φ70+0.102, +0.148mm is not suitable and cannot meet the extreme deviation conditions of the outer diameter of the stainless steel bushing. Process optimization is required;

[0154] When the inner diameter of the stainless steel bushing is an upper deviation of +0.13mm and a lower deviation of +0.07mm, the shrinkage of the bushing in a liquid nitrogen environment at -196°C is about 0.1mm, 0.13-0.1=0.03mm, 0.07-0.1=-0.03mm. Theoretical analysis shows that the inner diameter D2 of the bushing after cold pressing is Φ60-0.03, +0.03mm, which meets the tolerance range requirement of the preset outer diameter C1 of the upper end of the nylon guide column Φ60-0.06, -0.03mm. At the same time, after cold pressing, The tolerance zone of the bushing inner diameter D2 is 0.03+0.03=0.06mm. The inner diameter size of the bushing tends to increase when it is cold pressed and restored to room temperature. If the return to room temperature causes the tolerance of the cold pressed assembled bushing inner diameter D2 to increase to +0.04, +0.05mm, then the final size of the bushing inner diameter after cold pressing is Φ700, +0.07mm, and there is a risk of exceeding the tolerance. Therefore, it is necessary to preset the process tolerance range of the inner and outer diameters of the bushing. The principle of preset tolerance zone is: the value of the inner diameter tolerance zone is approximately the same as the value of the outer diameter tolerance zone.

[0155] The fourth step is to conduct theoretical analysis and test on the process tolerance of the preset inner and outer diameters of the bushing:

[0156] Solution 1: The outer diameter of the stainless steel bushing D1 is preset to Φ70+0.102,+0.13mm.

[0157] The inner diameter dimension D2 of the stainless steel bushing is Φ60+0.1,+0.13mm.

[0158] Solution 2: The outer diameter of the stainless steel bushing D1 is preset to Φ70+0.102,+0.13mm.

[0159] The inner diameter dimension D2 of the stainless steel bushing is Φ60+0.07,+0.1mm.

[0160] Based on the preset tolerance range of the stainless steel pressure head inner diameter B, the upper outer diameter C1 and the lower outer diameter C2 of the nylon guide column in the second step, according to the outer aperture size A1Φ700,+0.046mm of the empty reed pipe seat machine and the final inner diameter size of the bushing after cold pressing is Φ700,+0.07mm.

[0161] Specifically, a theoretical analysis of Scheme 1 is performed:

[0162] When the outer diameter of the stainless steel bushing is the upper deviation +0.13mm, 0.13-0=0.13mm, 0.13-0.046=0.084mm, it can be seen that the shrinkage of the bushing in a low temperature environment must be between 0.084 and 0.13mm to meet the extreme conditions of the cold pressing process; when the outer diameter of the stainless steel bushing is the lower deviation +0.102mm, 0.102-0=0.102mm, 0.102-0.046=0.056mm, it can be seen that the shrinkage of the bushing in a low temperature environment must be between 0.056 and 0.102mm to meet the extreme conditions of the cold pressing process. In summary, it can be seen that the shrinkage of the bushing in a low temperature environment must be between 0.084 and 0.102mm to meet the condition that the outer diameter tolerance of the stainless steel bushing is the extreme value.

[0163] When the inner diameter of the stainless steel is an upper deviation of +0.13mm and a lower deviation of +0.1mm, the shrinkage of the bushing in a liquid nitrogen environment at -196°C is about 0.1mm, 0.13-0.1=0.03mm, 0.1-0.1=0mm. Theoretically, the inner diameter D2 of the bushing after cold pressing is Φ600, +0.03mm, which meets the tolerance interval requirement of the preset outer diameter C1Φ60-0.06, -0.03mm of the upper end of the nylon guide column.

[0164] Furthermore, a theoretical analysis of Scheme 2 is conducted:

[0165] When the inner diameter of stainless steel is +0.1mm in upper deviation and +0.07mm in lower deviation, the shrinkage of bushing in liquid nitrogen -196℃ environment is about 0.1mm, 0.1-0.1=0mm, 0.07-0.1=-0.03mm. Theoretically, the inner diameter D2 of bushing after cold pressing is Φ60-0.03,0mm, which meets the tolerance interval requirement of the preset outer diameter C1Φ60-0.06,-0.03mm of the upper end of nylon guide column;

[0166] Three groups were tested for the above schemes 1 and 2 respectively:

[0167] Test results of Scheme 1: The inner diameter of the bushing after cold pressing to restore to room temperature is Φ600.04, +0.08mm;

[0168] Test results of Scheme 2: The bushing is cold pressed to restore the inner diameter size of room temperature to Φ60+0.01,+0.05mm;

[0169] Step 5: Optimize the tolerance range of the inner and outer diameters of the bushing

[0170] According to the theoretical analysis and test results of the process tolerances of the preset inner and outer diameters of the bushing in the fourth step, it can be known that the increase in the bushing inner diameter after the cold pressing is completed and the bushing is restored to room temperature is +0.04, +0.05mm. The inner diameter size of the bushing in Scheme 1 from cold pressing to restoring room temperature is Φ600.04, +0.08mm, which exceeds or approaches the technical requirement that the final size of the bushing inner diameter after cold pressing is Φ700, +0.07mm, and there is a great quality risk.

[0171] Therefore, the final optimized tolerance range of the inner and outer diameters of the bushing is:

[0172] The outer diameter of the stainless steel bushing D1 is Φ70+0.102,+0.13mm.

[0173] The inner diameter dimension D2 of the stainless steel bushing is Φ60+0.07,+0.1mm.

[0174] Furthermore, the tolerance range of the inner and outer diameters of the stainless steel bushing is solidified for mass production.

[0175] On the contrary, if the tolerance range of the optimized inner and outer diameters of the bushing is unreasonable, return to the second to fifth steps and re-analyze the tolerance range of the inner diameter of the stainless steel pressure head, the outer diameters of the upper and lower ends of the nylon guide column, and the inner and outer diameters of the bushing.

[0176] The sixth step is to standardize the cold press assembly process of the bolster empty spring tube seat bushing. The specific situation is as follows:

[0177] a. Clean the dust, oil and other debris on the surface of the bushing, and cool the bushing in the liquid nitrogen tank for at least 5 hours; at the same time, lift the bolster and place it on the workpiece support device 400, with the end of the bolster close to the end limit block 12.

[0178] b. Turn on the contact sensor 23 switch, move the limit block 20 of the workpiece positioning device 300 to make it parallel to the machined surface of the bolster, adjust the height of the spiral jack 29 to make it press against the lower surface of the bolster, and when you hear a "beep" sound from the sensor, stop adjusting the spiral jack 29, and adjust the spiral jacks 29 at the remaining three positions on the lower surface of the bolster in turn, finally ensure that the machined surface of the bolster is in close contact with the four sets of limit blocks 20, and turn off the contact sensor 23.

[0179] c. Place a rotating support seat 28 inside the bolster cavity, and place a nylon pad 27 on top of it. Adjust the height of the rotating support seat 28 so that the nylon pad 27 fits the outer surface of the empty spring tube seat. Then adjust the spiral jack 29 under the bolster so that the tightening support seat 26 above it fits the lower surface of the bolster.

[0180] d. Rotate and loosen the gantry lockers 11 on both sides of the gantry press, push the gantry bracket 7 along the tooling platform slide rail 16 to the top of the empty spring tube seat where the bushing is to be installed, and rotate and lock the door locker 11; rotate and loosen the pressure column locker 5, move it along the pressure column sliding track 4 to the top of the empty spring tube seat where the bushing is to be installed, and lock the pressure column locker 5.

[0181] e. Place the nylon guide column 32 into the empty reed pipe seat where the bushing is to be installed, and quickly remove the bushing from the liquid nitrogen tank by clamping;

[0182] And put it on the nylon guide column 32 within 5 seconds, place the stainless steel pressure head 30, operate the gantry ballast device 100 to quickly press the bushing downward until the bushing is completely pressed into the empty spring pipe seat.

[0183] f. Lift the stainless steel pressure head 30, rotate and loosen the pressure column locker 5, move the stainless steel pressure head 30 along the pressure column sliding track 4, close the hydraulic system 1 of the gantry ballast device 100, remove the stainless steel pressure head 30, and take out and remove the nylon guide column 32 through the M10 bolt 31;

[0184] g. Rotate and loosen the gantry lockers 11 on both sides of the gantry press, push the gantry bracket 7 along the tooling platform slide rail 16 to the top of the empty spring tube seat at the other end of the bolster and lock the gantry locker 11 again, repeat the above e~g operations to complete the bushing press-fitting at the other end of the bolster.

[0185] h. Release the gantry lock again, push the gantry to the end area of ​​the guide rail and lock it;

[0186] Remove the tightening support seat 26, nylon pad 27, and rotating support seat 28, push the limit block 20 of the workpiece positioning device 300, and lift the bolster to wait for the empty spring tube seat to be pressed with the bushing at room temperature for dimensional inspection.

[0187] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be a connection between the two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0188] It should be noted that, in this application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0189] The above description is only a specific implementation of the present application, so that those skilled in the art can understand or implement the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest range consistent with the principles and novel features applied for herein.

Claims

1. A cold pressing device for a bushing of a hollow spring pipe seat of a bolster, characterized in that: The device comprises: a gantry ballast device (100), a tooling platform device (200), a workpiece positioning device (300) and a workpiece supporting device (400); The gantry ballast device (100) is slidably arranged on the top surface of the tooling platform device (200), and a pressure column (6) and a matching hydraulic system (1) are slidably arranged on the gantry ballast device (100), and the pressure column (6) is used to cold-press the stainless steel bushing to be installed into the empty spring tube seat of the base frame bolster to be installed; The workpiece positioning device (300) and the workpiece supporting device (400) are arranged on the top surface of the tooling platform device (200); The workpiece support device (400) is used to support the bolster of the chassis to be installed; The workpiece positioning device (300) is used to limit the orientation of the base frame bolster to be installed.

2. The cold pressing device for bushings of the hollow spring pipe seat of the bolster according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gantry ballast device (100) comprises: A group of symmetrically arranged gantry supports (7), wherein the bottom of the gantry supports (7) is arranged on a gantry support slide rail (10); A gantry beam (2) is arranged between the gantry brackets (7), a hydraulic system (1) is provided on the top of the gantry beam (2), a pressure column sliding track (4) is provided on the bottom surface of the gantry beam (2), and end limit blocks (12) are provided at both ends of the pressure column sliding track (4); A pressure column (6) is slidably arranged on the pressure column sliding track (4), the pressure column (6) is connected to the hydraulic system (1), and a pressure column locker (5) is arranged on the pressure column (6), and the pressure column locker (5) is used to lock the bottom of the pressure column (6) to limit the position of the pressure column (6) on the pressure column sliding track (4), and the pressure column (6) is used to cold press the stainless steel bushing to be installed into the empty spring tube seat of the base frame bolster to be installed; A pressure column moving transmission chain (3) arranged on the gantry cross beam (2) is connected to the pressure column (6) to drive the pressure column (6) to slide on the pressure column sliding track (4).

3. The cold pressing device for bushings of the hollow spring pipe seat of the bolster according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tooling platform device (200) comprises: A tooling platform (15) having a tooling longitudinal beam (13) and a tooling cross beam (14) at the bottom; A set of tooling platform slide rails (16) symmetrically arranged on the top surface of the tooling platform (15), wherein a plurality of gantry slideway positioning locking holes (17) are arranged at intervals on the tooling platform slide rails (16); The gantry support slide rail (10) is slidably arranged on the tooling platform slide rail (16), and the gantry locker (11) arranged on the gantry support slide rail (10) cooperates with the gantry slideway positioning locking hole (17) to limit the orientation of the gantry support slide rail (10) on the tooling platform slide rail (16).

4. The cold pressing device for bushings of the hollow spring pipe seat of the bolster according to claim 3, characterized in that: The workpiece supporting device (400) comprises: a plurality of workpiece placement supports (25) symmetrically arranged on the top surface of the tooling platform (15), the workpiece placement supports (25) being used to place the bolster of the chassis to be installed; A workpiece lateral baffle (24) is arranged on the top surface of each workpiece placement support (25), and the workpiece lateral baffle (24) is used to cooperate with the workpiece placement support (25) to limit the horizontal displacement of the bolster of the chassis to be installed.

5. The cold pressing device for bushings of bolster hollow spring pipe seats according to claim 4, characterized in that: The workpiece positioning device (300) comprises: A plurality of workpiece positioning brackets (18) are symmetrically arranged on the top surface of the tooling platform (15), a limiting slideway (19) is arranged on the top surface of the workpiece positioning bracket (18), a slideway pressing block (21) is slidably arranged on the limiting slideway (19), and a limiting block (20) is arranged on the top surface of the slideway pressing block (21); The workpiece placement support (25) is located in an area on the top surface of the tooling platform (15) surrounded by a plurality of workpiece positioning brackets (18); The limit block (20) slides on the limit slide (19) based on the slide pressure block (21) to cooperate with the workpiece lateral baffle (24) and the workpiece placement support (25) to limit the vertical displacement of the base frame bolster to be installed.

6. The cold pressing device for the bushing of the hollow spring pipe seat of the bolster according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the limit block (20) for contacting the bolster of the chassis to be installed is provided with a contact sensor (23).

7. The cold pressing device for bushings of bolster hollow spring pipe seats according to claim 5, characterized in that: The device also includes: A stainless steel pressing head (30) is used to be buckled in the empty spring tube seat of the base frame bolster to be installed, and cooperate with the pressing column (6) to cold press the stainless steel bushing to be installed, and is an inverted barrel-shaped structure, and a first air overflow hole is provided on its top wall; A nylon guide column (32) is arranged inside the stainless steel pressure head (30), a second air overflow hole is arranged at the center of the nylon guide column (32), a compressed air storage chamber is arranged at the lower end of the nylon guide column (32), and a circumferential annular groove is arranged in the contact surface area between the nylon guide column (32) and the machined hole of the empty spring tube seat of the base frame pillow beam to be installed.

8. The cold pressing device for bushings of the hollow spring pipe seat of the bolster according to claim 7, characterized in that: The diameter of the first air overflow hole is 6 mm; The diameter of the second air overflow hole is 9 mm; The height of the compressed air storage chamber is 2 to 4 mm; The width of the circumferential annular groove is 2 mm and the depth is 1 mm.

9. The cold pressing device for bushings of bolster hollow spring pipe seats according to claim 7, characterized in that: The device also includes: A screw jack (29) located at the center of an area on the top surface of the tooling platform (15) surrounded by a plurality of workpiece placement supports (25); A tightening support seat (26) arranged on the top surface of the screw jack (29); A rotating support seat (28) rotatably arranged on the top surface of the tightening support seat (26); The nylon pad (27) arranged on the rotating support seat (28) is used to contact the outer wall of the bottom end of the empty spring tube seat of the base frame pillow beam to be installed, and cooperate with the spiral jack (29), the tightening support seat (26) and the rotating support seat (28) for support.

10. A bushing cold pressing method for a bushing cold pressing device for a bolster hollow spring tube seat as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Placing the bolster of the chassis to be installed on the workpiece support device (400), and limiting the position of the bolster of the chassis to be installed by using the workpiece positioning device (300); Clean the empty reed pipe seat of the stainless steel bushing to be installed and the empty reed pipe seat of the chassis bolster to be installed, and place the stainless steel bushing on the empty reed pipe seat of the chassis bolster to be installed; Moving the gantry ballast device (100) and the pressure column (6) so that the pressure column (6) is located above the stainless steel bushing; The stainless steel bushing is cold pressed so as to be pressed into the empty spring tube seat of the base frame bolster to be installed.

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