Bulk cargo ship cargo hold cover and bulk cargo ship

Abstract

The invention discloses a bulk cargo ship cargo hold cover and a bulk cargo ship, the bulk cargo ship cargo hold cover comprises a hatch cover and a hatch coaming, the hatch cover is arranged above an exposed deck, and the hatch coaming is embedded in the exposed deck; a first pressing strip is arranged on the exposed deck, and a first sealing part is arranged at the bottom of the hatch cover; a second pressing strip is arranged on the hatch coaming panel, and a second sealing part is arranged at the bottom of the hatch cover; a hatch cover skirt plate is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the hatch cover and arranged between the first sealing component and the second sealing component. And an inflatable pressing part is arranged on the hatch coaming vertical plate. The cargo hold cover of the bulk cargo ship has the advantage of multi-point watertight protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ships, and in particular to a bulk carrier cargo hatch cover and a bulk carrier. Background Art

[0002] China is a major country in the design and construction of bulk carriers, and bulk carriers are facing a new round of updates and upgrades.

[0003] The first point: Optimize wind resistance.

[0004] The International Maritime Organization (IMO) Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI) requires continuous improvement and the development trend of ship intelligence. Ships should use more advanced and intelligent means to achieve the goal of energy conservation and emission reduction.

[0005] The resistance of a ship sailing on the water is mainly composed of underwater resistance and surface resistance. Relevant tests show that with the increase in the size of ships, wind resistance accounts for 10% to 15% of the total resistance. Against the backdrop of increasingly stringent requirements for energy conservation and emission reduction, reducing the air resistance of the above-water part of the ship also plays a role in reducing the total resistance of the ship. Reducing the total resistance means that the total resistance of the entire ship can be effectively reduced under the same speed, thereby bringing energy-saving benefits.

[0006] The sudden changes between the hatch coaming protruding above the deck of traditional bulk carriers and the deck surface, and between hatch coamings, will cause adverse wind resistance and also generate vortices. Under the action of air vortices and flow separation, pressure imbalance increases the resistance of the ship. How to eliminate these adverse factors, control flow separation, reduce the vortex area, and reduce the pressure difference is the key to reducing air resistance.

[0007] The second point: regarding the tightness of the hatch cover.

[0008] Certain dry bulk carriers with special transportation purposes, such as coal, grain, bauxite, etc., may suffer damage or quality degradation once exposed to moisture. Enhanced hatch cover tightness can effectively avoid cargo loss caused by seawater or humid air, and improve the commercial value of the bulk carrier itself.

[0009] Although the requirements for watertightness have been taken into consideration for the hatch covers of bulk carriers, they are currently only tightened with one water-tight sealing strip. In actual operation, aging, deformation and damage of the sealing strip are common, resulting in weakened sealing. There is still a great risk of water ingress into the cargo hold.

[0010] 1. About wind resistance.

[0011] The surface form of traditional bulk carriers generally does not take wind resistance reduction design into consideration. The wind resistance reduction design trends learned from other ship types mainly focus on the superstructure form, bow form, etc., without too many groundbreaking designs.

[0012] Mitsui OSK Lines' new generation of energy-saving car carriers adopts a circular bow design to minimize wind resistance and is expected to reduce carbon dioxide emissions by approximately 2% compared to current car carriers.

[0013] On October 30, 2019, DNV issued a basic certification for the bow "windshield" designed for ultra-large container ships to Mitsui & Co., Ltd. (MOL) and Samsung Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. (SHI). It is said that this newly developed bow windshield design can reduce the wind resistance of the hull when the ship is sailing, optimize the design of ultra-large container ships, and is expected to reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 2-4%. The design is based on the technology of Mitsui & Co., Ltd. and Samsung Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. The ship has a relatively large improvement in the windward area.

[0014] Other drag reduction technologies include the use of ultra-narrow construction.

[0015] 2. Regarding the tightness of the hatch cover.

[0016] At present, the design of bulk carrier hatch covers is generally only required to meet the requirements of wind and rain tightness. Commonly used forms are:

[0017] (1) The press-in sealing device uses a hollow rubber which is pressed into the hatch cover by its own weight so that the rubber and the pressure strip are in contact to achieve the sealing requirement.

[0018] (2) The vacuum sealing device uses a special hollow rubber, which is compressed or loosened by an electric hydraulic vacuum pump.

[0019] The prior art has the following disadvantages:

[0020] (1) The cargo hold covers and hatch coamings that independently protrude above the deck are not conducive to wind field distribution. The traditional hatch coamings and straight hatch covers of bulk carriers that protrude above the deck are affected by more vortices due to the side wind, and multiple vortices are generated between the separated cargo hold covers.

[0021] (2) Bulk carriers with higher requirements for cargo protection have higher watertightness requirements, but most bulk carriers cannot meet this requirement. Summary of the invention

[0022] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned defects in the prior art and provide a bulk carrier cargo hatch cover and a bulk carrier.

[0023] The present invention solves the above technical problems through the following technical solutions:

[0024] A bulk carrier cargo hatch cover comprises a hatch cover; a hatch coaming is arranged below the hatch cover; the hatch coaming comprises a hatch coaming panel and a hatch coaming vertical plate arranged at the bottom of the hatch coaming panel; the hatch cover is arranged above an open deck, and the hatch coaming is buried in the open deck; the top of the hatch coaming is not higher than the highest point of the open deck; a first pressing strip is arranged on the open deck, and a first sealing component for matching with the first pressing strip is arranged at the bottom of the hatch cover; a second pressing strip is arranged on the hatch coaming panel, and a second sealing component for matching with the second pressing strip is arranged at the bottom of the hatch cover; a hatch cover skirt plate is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the hatch cover, and the hatch cover skirt plate is arranged between the first sealing component and the second sealing component; an inflatable pressing component which can abut against the hatch cover skirt plate after inflation is arranged on the hatch coaming vertical plate.

[0025] Furthermore, the hatch cover skirt plates are distributed along the circumference of the bottom of the hatch cover; the hatch cover skirt plates are arranged on the outer side of the hatch coaming panel.

[0026] Further, the first sealing component and the second sealing component are both distributed along the circumference of the bottom of the hatch cover.

[0027] Furthermore, the main deck is arranged below the open deck; a pedestrian passage is arranged on the outer side of the hatch coaming vertical plate, and the pedestrian passage is arranged between the hatch cover and the main deck.

[0028] Furthermore, a hatch cover moving assembly is provided under the hatch cover, which can move the hatch cover longitudinally of the ship after the hatch cover is lifted up; the hatch cover moving assembly includes a hydraulic lifting device capable of lifting the hatch cover, rollers provided at the bottom of the hatch cover, and a power mechanism for driving the hatch cover to move.

[0029] A bulk carrier comprises the bulk carrier cargo hold cover as described above.

[0030] Furthermore, the shape of the hatch cover top is high in the middle and low on both sides, and the hatch cover top gradually decreases from the middle toward the port side and the starboard side respectively.

[0031] Furthermore, the weather deck gradually decreases from the hatch cover position toward the hull outer plate; the cross section of the weather deck from the hatch cover position to the hull outer plate is arc-shaped.

[0032] Furthermore, a streamlined bow wave shield is provided at the bow of the ship.

[0033] Furthermore, the weather deck extends from the location of the bow wave shield to the stern of the vessel.

[0034] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the bulk carrier cargo hatch cover of the present invention has the advantages of multi-point watertight protection, increases the tightness level of the cargo hatch cover and improves the waterproof and moisture-proof benefits; adopts an embedded watertight cargo hatch cover, fits the boundary of the fluid to the maximum extent according to the characteristics of the airflow, reduces the mutation of the hatch cover to reduce vortices and separation; can reduce the forward and lateral wind resistance of the bulk carrier; can also reduce the resistance of the waves, and reduce the impact of the waves on the hatch enclosure. The bulk carrier of the present invention adopts an integrated curved open deck design for the whole ship, combines the bow wave cover, the deck of the cargo hold area and the hatch cover of the cargo hold, to form a forward and lateral streamlined bulk carrier external structure, the seamless integrated design allows the forward incoming wind to form a good flow field through the front streamlined design, reduces the original mutation and vortex, and the lateral incoming wind is diverted through the arc-shaped open deck and has a lower wind resistance coefficient, which reduces the lateral wind resistance of the ship to a certain extent. The bulk carrier of the present invention can not only reduce the forward and lateral wind resistance of the bulk carrier, and improve the adverse effects of vortices between hatch covers of traditional design; at the same time, it improves the tightness of the bulk carrier's weathertight cargo hatch cover, provides multi-point watertight protection, improves waterproof and moisture-proof capabilities, and enhances the commercial value of the bulk carrier. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic cross-sectional view of a cargo hold according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 2 The figure is a schematic structural diagram of a bulk carrier cargo hold cover according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the inflatable clamping element when it is inflated.

[0038] Figure 4 It is a top view of a hatch cover according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 5 A side view of a bulk carrier according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention when the hatch cover is closed.

[0040] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Side view of a bulk carrier with hatch covers moved back and in open position. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] A preferred embodiment is given below, and the present invention is described more clearly and completely in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0042] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, a bulk carrier cargo hold cover comprises a hatch cover 10 ; the hatch cover 10 is arranged above a cargo hold 50 .

[0043] A hatch coaming 20 is provided below the hatch cover; the hatch coaming 20 comprises a hatch coaming panel 21 and a hatch coaming vertical plate 22 provided at the bottom of the hatch coaming panel.

[0044] The hatch cover 10 is arranged above the open-air deck 30; the hatch coaming 20 is buried in the open-air deck 30; and the top of the hatch coaming is not higher than the highest point of the open-air deck.

[0045] A first compression strip 31 is provided on the weather deck 30, and a first sealing component (not shown in the figure) adapted to the first compression strip is provided at the bottom of the hatch cover 10. In the drawings, the position of the first sealing component is the position where the first compression strip contacts the hatch cover, and the first sealing component is not shown in the drawings in order to clearly show the first compression strip.

[0046] A second compression strip 32 is provided on the hatch coaming panel 21, and a second sealing component (not shown in the figure) for matching with the second compression strip is provided at the bottom of the hatch cover 10. In the drawings, the position of the second sealing component is the position where the second compression strip contacts the hatch cover, and the second sealing component is not shown in the drawings in order to clearly show the second compression strip.

[0047] A hatch cover skirt plate 13 is fixedly provided at the bottom of the hatch cover 10, and the hatch cover skirt plate 13 is arranged between the first sealing component and the second sealing component.

[0048] The hatch coaming vertical plate 22 is provided with an inflatable pressing component 33 which can abut against the hatch cover skirt plate after being inflated. The inflatable pressing component can expand after being inflated and shrink after being deflated. The inflatable pressing component is a common component in the prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0049] The hatch cover skirt plates 13 are distributed along the circumference of the bottom of the hatch cover; the hatch cover skirt plates 13 are arranged on the outer side of the hatch coaming panel.

[0050] The first sealing component and the second sealing component are both distributed along the bottom circumference of the hatch cover. The first sealing component and the second sealing component can be made of rubber material.

[0051] When the first pressing strip and the first sealing component and the second pressing strip and the second sealing component are pressed tightly, the bottom of the hatch cover is flush with the top of the weather deck.

[0052] The main deck 40 is arranged below the open deck 30 ; a pedestrian passage 41 is arranged on the outer side of the hatch coaming vertical plate 22 , and the pedestrian passage 41 is arranged between the hatch cover 10 and the main deck 40 .

[0053] The multi-point watertight protection of the bulk carrier cargo hold cover in the embodiment of the present invention is mainly achieved by forming a triple protection of inside, middle and outside through the tightness design of three positions.

[0054] First, the outermost seal: The first sealing component at the bottom of the hatch cover and the first compression strip on the weather deck form a tight contact.

[0055] Second, the middle seal: The hatch skirt plate at the bottom of the hatch cover and the inflatable pressing component arranged on the hatch coaming vertical plate form a tight contact.

[0056] Third, the innermost seal: The second sealing component at the bottom of the hatch cover and the second compression strip on the hatch coaming form a tight contact.

[0057] In the bulk carrier cargo hatch cover of the embodiment of the present invention, the hatch coaming is buried within the open deck surface, the main deck in the traditional sense is retained, and non-open pedestrian passages are left on the left and right sides of the hatch coaming. The top of the hatch cover and the open deck have the same camber, and the bottom of the hatch cover is flush with the upper end of the open deck in a fully compressed state.

[0058] In the embodiment of the present invention, a hatch cover moving assembly is provided below the hatch cover 10, which can move the hatch cover longitudinally of the ship after the hatch cover is lifted up; the hatch cover moving assembly includes a hydraulic lifting device 14 capable of lifting the hatch cover, a roller 15 provided at the bottom of the hatch cover, and a power mechanism for driving the hatch cover to move. In order to clearly show other components of the cargo hatch cover of the bulk carrier of this embodiment, the power mechanism of the hatch cover moving assembly is not shown in the figure. The hatch cover moving assembly is an existing conventional device and will not be described in detail here.

[0059] Viewed from above, the hatch cover is rectangular, with rollers and its own power mechanism and hydraulic jacking device located at the four corners of the hydraulic jacking device.

[0060] The hatch cover only needs to be lifted to the height of the open deck and moved backwards in the track on the deck through the rollers at the bottom of the hatch cover, and locked to reach the open state. The specific opening process is: the hydraulic jacking device located below the open deck lifts the hatch cover above the open deck and enters the track on the deck. The track has gaps at the four corners of the hatch cover. The hatch cover is pushed to the rest position and locked by its own power mechanism. The rest position refers to the position between the two hatch enclosures behind the hatch cover, which can just accommodate the width of a hatch cover without blocking the cargo hold opening behind. The folding process is the opposite of the above-mentioned opening process.

[0061] The bulk carrier cargo hatch cover of the embodiment of the present invention is a rearward-moving embedded watertight cargo hatch cover, which has the advantage of multi-point watertight protection. At the same time, the hatch coaming is buried in the open deck, the top of the hatch coaming is not higher than the highest point of the open deck, and after the hatch cover is pressed, the bottom of the hatch cover is flush with the open deck, forming an embedded cargo hatch cover, which reduces vortices between cargo holds.

[0062] The bulk carrier cargo hatch cover of the embodiment of the present invention can reduce the forward and lateral wind resistance of the bulk carrier; it can also reduce the wave resistance and reduce the impact of the waves on the hatch coaming.

[0063] The bulk carrier cargo hatch cover of the embodiment of the present invention changes the existing hatch cover protruding from the deck surface and adopts an embedded watertight cargo hatch cover, which fits the boundary of the fluid to the maximum extent according to the characteristics of the airflow, reduces the mutation of the hatch cover to reduce vortices and separation; increases the tightness level of the cargo hatch cover to improve the waterproof and moisture-proof benefits.

[0064] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, a bulk carrier comprises the bulk carrier cargo hold cover of this embodiment.

[0065] The shape of the top of the hatch cover 10 is high in the middle and low on both sides, and the top of the hatch cover gradually decreases from the middle to the port side and the starboard side. This external structure can reduce lateral wind resistance.

[0066] The open deck 30 gradually descends from the hatch cover position toward the hull outer plate; the cross section of the open deck from the hatch cover position to the hull outer plate is an arc. The edge of the open deck is a large-angle arc to reduce lateral wind resistance.

[0067] The bow of the ship is provided with a streamlined bow wave shield 42. The open deck 30 extends from the location of the bow wave shield to the stern of the ship. The streamlined bow wave shield at the bow of the ship forms a natural transition with the open deck, guiding the streamlined diffusion of the positive wind resistance to reduce the adverse effects of wind resistance.

[0068] The bulk carrier of the embodiment of the present invention adopts a whole-ship integrated curved open-air deck design, and combines the bow wave cover, the deck of the cargo hold area and the hatch cover of the cargo hold to form a forward and lateral streamlined bulk carrier external structure. The seamless integrated design allows the forward wind to form a good flow field through the front streamlined design, reducing the original mutations and vortices. The lateral wind is diverted through the arc-shaped open-air deck and the lower drag coefficient, thereby reducing the lateral wind resistance of the ship to a certain extent.

[0069] The present invention provides a bulk carrier with low wind resistance and high water tightness, which can not only reduce the forward and lateral wind resistance of the bulk carrier and improve the adverse effects of vortices between hatch covers of traditional design; at the same time, it improves the tightness of the wind and raintight cargo hatch cover of the bulk carrier, provides multi-point watertight protection, improves the waterproof and moisture-proof capabilities, and enhances the commercial value of the bulk carrier.

[0070] The present invention changes the hatch cover protruding from the deck surface and the hull shape above the waterline, on the one hand, reduces the positive windward area, fits the boundary of the fluid to the maximum extent according to the characteristics of the airflow, reduces the mutation of the hatch cover to reduce vortices and separation; on the other hand, increases the tightness level of the cargo hold cover to improve the waterproof and moisture-proof benefits, forming a low wind resistance, high watertightness level bulk carrier.

[0071] Although the specific embodiments of the present invention are described above, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that this is only for illustration and the protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims. Those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications to these embodiments without departing from the principles and essence of the present invention, but these changes and modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bulk carrier cargo hatch cover, comprising a hatch cover; a hatch coaming is arranged below the hatch cover; the hatch coaming comprises a hatch coaming panel and a hatch coaming vertical plate arranged at the bottom of the hatch coaming panel; characterized in that: The hatch cover is arranged above the open deck, and the hatch coaming is buried in the open deck; a first clamping strip is arranged on the open deck, and a first sealing component for matching with the first clamping strip is arranged at the bottom of the hatch cover; a second clamping strip is arranged on the hatch coaming panel, and a second sealing component for matching with the second clamping strip is arranged at the bottom of the hatch cover; a hatch cover skirt plate is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the hatch cover, and the hatch cover skirt plate is arranged between the first sealing component and the second sealing component; an inflatable clamping component which can abut against the hatch cover skirt plate after inflation is arranged on the hatch coaming vertical plate.

2. The bulk carrier cargo hatch cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hatch cover skirt plates are distributed along the bottom circumference of the hatch cover; the hatch cover skirt plates are arranged on the outer side of the hatch coaming panel.

3. The bulk carrier cargo hatch cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first sealing component and the second sealing component are both distributed along the bottom circumference of the hatch cover.

4. The bulk carrier cargo hatch cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main deck is located below the open deck; a pedestrian passage is provided on the outside of the hatch coaming vertical plate, and the pedestrian passage is provided between the hatch cover and the main deck.

5. The bulk carrier cargo hatch cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hatch cover moving assembly is provided under the hatch cover, which can move the hatch cover longitudinally of the ship after the hatch cover is lifted up; the hatch cover moving assembly includes a hydraulic lifting device capable of lifting the hatch cover, a roller provided at the bottom of the hatch cover, and a power mechanism for driving the hatch cover to move.

6. A bulk carrier, characterized in that: It comprises the bulk carrier cargo hatch cover according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. The bulk carrier according to claim 6, characterized in that: The shape of the hatch cover top is high in the middle and low on both sides, and the hatch cover top gradually decreases from the middle toward the port side and the starboard side respectively.

8. The bulk carrier according to claim 7, characterized in that: The weather deck gradually decreases from the hatch cover position toward the hull outer plating; the cross-section of the weather deck from the hatch cover position to the hull outer plating is arc-shaped.

9. The bulk carrier according to claim 8, characterized in that: The bow of the ship is equipped with a streamlined bow wave cover.

10. The bulk carrier according to claim 9, characterized in that: The weather deck extends from the forward wave shield to the stern of the ship.

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