Large-diameter tension-compression decoupling fusion type linear separation device

Abstract

A large-diameter tension-compression decoupling fusion type linear separation device is composed of a separation ring, an inner supporting protection cover, an exploder base, an energy-gathered cutting rope assembly, a connecting fastener, an exploder and the like, an energy-gathered cutting rope is arranged in the protection cover, after the exploder transmits detonation energy to a cutting rope main charge through a detonation propagation assembly, a shaped charge cover is driven by detonation waves to form metal jet flow, and the metal jet flow is separated from the inner supporting protection cover. And the separation ring is cut and separated. According to the large-diameter tension-compression decoupling fusion type linear separation device, tension-compression decoupling is conducted on high-magnitude loads transmitted by a projectile body through tolerance control of the separation ring and the inner supporting protection cover, and the large-diameter tension-compression decoupling fusion type linear separation device has the advantages of being simple in structure, reliable in separation performance, high in bearing capacity, large in connection rigidity, light in weight, convenient and fast to install and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a large-diameter tension-compression decoupling fusion linear separation device, belonging to the technical field of spacecraft structures. Background Art

[0002] Linear separation devices are widely used in the connection and separation between launch vehicle stages and between launch vehicles and payloads due to their advantages such as strong connection stiffness, large load-bearing capacity and good separation synchronization. However, with the increasing carrying capacity of my country's launch vehicles, the load borne by the rocket shell is also increasing. Traditional linear separation devices often cannot adapt to the increasingly harsh load environment. The separation devices under the coupling of axial pressure and axial tension are very likely to fail or even be damaged at weak positions such as the separation surface. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: to overcome the difficulty in developing an interstage separation device under super-large axial pressure loads of large-diameter launch vehicles, and to propose a large-diameter tension-compression decoupled fusion linear separation device, which solves the problem that the load-bearing and separation performance of the separation device under large diameter and super-large axial pressure loads cannot be taken into account at the same time.

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] A large-diameter tension-compression decoupling fusion linear separation device, comprising a separation half ring, an inner support protective cover, an initiator seat, a protective filling block, an energy-gathering cutting cable assembly, and an initiator;

[0006] The separation semi-ring is a 180° semi-ring structure with an I-shaped cross section, and the upper and lower end surfaces are respectively connected to the two stages of the launch vehicle; the separation semi-ring is locally weakened on the surface away from the shaped cutting cable assembly;

[0007] The inner support protective cover is a whole ring structure with a convex cross section, and is provided with two detonator seat mounting holes, each of which is provided with a detonator seat; the detonator seat is used to accommodate the detonator; the protruding portion of the inner support protective cover is provided with a charging groove for accommodating the explosive transmission rubber sheath; the inner support protective cover is connected to the separation half ring, so that the protruding portion abuts against the separation half ring and the protruding portion corresponds to the local weakened position of the separation half ring;

[0008] The protective filler block is cross-shaped and is connected to the two separated half rings through its own lugs to fill the gap between the two half rings after the separated half rings are assembled;

[0009] The energy-shaped cutting rope assembly includes an energy-shaped cutting rope, a detonating cap, an explosive rubber sheath and a T-shaped explosive assembly. Four sections of the energy-shaped cutting rope are connected end to end to form four intersections, one pair of relative intersections is connected by a detonating cap, and the other pair of relative intersections is connected by a detonating cap and a T-shaped explosive assembly. The energy-shaped cutting rope is installed in the explosive rubber sheath. When separated, the detonator ignites the T-shaped explosive assembly, and the T-shaped explosive assembly passes through the detonating cap.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0011] (1) The device of the present invention is suitable for linear separation devices with large diameters and ultra-large axial pressure loads, and is suitable for interstage separation of new-generation large launch vehicles. It solves the problem that the load-bearing and separation performance of separation devices under large diameters and ultra-large axial pressure loads cannot be taken into account at the same time. It not only has large connection stiffness and strong load-bearing capacity, and can provide a high-strength connection interface, but also has high separation reliability.

[0012] (2) The integrated tension-compression decoupling structure of the present invention bears a relatively severe axial compression load through an integral protective cover that adapts to the load distribution. While ensuring the separation protection function, it has a strong bearing capacity and overall rigidity. The I-shaped section and the connecting bolts bear the axial tension load, realize tension-compression decoupling, and provide a high-load-bearing linear separation device design scheme with a simple structure and strong bearing capacity. In addition, the grid windows are arranged at certain angles to greatly reduce the weight of the structure while effectively ensuring the bearing capacity of the structure, thereby enhancing the overall transportation efficiency of the launch vehicle.

[0013] (3) The device of the present invention overcomes the problems of shell size expansion and unreliable explosion transmission caused by huge temperature differences during the operation of the launch vehicle, and innovatively designs a combined cutting rope layout, which greatly improves the installation ease, environmental adaptability and separation reliability of the cutting rope device.

[0014] (4) The present invention adopts a combined cutting rope layout structure to adapt to the dimensional expansion and explosion gap changes caused by the large temperature difference of the launch vehicle shell. The segmented energy-focused cutting rope has highly reliable explosion transmission and separation functions.

[0015] (5) The device of the present invention realizes load redistribution under complex and harsh working conditions by adopting a tension-compression decoupling design method in which the protective cover and the separation shell bear the axial pressure and axial tension loads respectively, thereby significantly improving the overall load-bearing capacity of the device.

[0016] (6) The device of the present invention has a simple structure, reliable separation performance, strong bearing capacity, large connection stiffness, light weight, and convenient installation. It is suitable for the interstage connection and separation of launch vehicles with large diameters and ultra-large axial pressure loads. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a large-diameter tension-compression decoupling fusion linear separation device.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a large-diameter tension-compression decoupled fusion linear separation device.

[0019] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the separated half ring.

[0020] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the inner support protective cover.

[0021] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the detonator base.

[0022] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of protective fill blocks.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the detonator transmission at the connection of the combined cutting rope. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] A large-diameter tension-compression decoupling fusion linear separation device includes a separation ring, an inner support protective cover, a detonator seat, a condensed cutting rope assembly, a connecting fastener, a detonator, etc. The condensed cutting rope is installed in the protective cover. After the detonator transfers the detonation energy to the main charge of the cutting rope through the explosion transmission assembly, the charge liner is driven by the detonation wave to form a metal jet to cut and separate the separation ring. The present invention provides a large-diameter tension-compression decoupling fusion linear separation device for the inter-stage separation of 5m or even larger diameter projectiles. The high-level load tension and compression transmitted by the projectile is decoupled by controlling the tolerance of the separation ring and the inner support protective cover. The device has the advantages of simple structure, reliable separation performance, strong bearing capacity, large connection stiffness, light weight, and convenient installation.

[0026] A large diameter tension-compression decoupling fusion line separation device, comprising a separation half ring 1, an inner support protective cover 2, an initiator seat 3, a protective filler block 4, a shaped energy cutting cable assembly 5, and an initiator. Figure 1 As shown, the cross section Figure 2 As shown,

[0027] The separation half ring 1 is a 180° half ring structure, such as Figure 3As shown, the cross section is an I-shaped, and metal materials such as aluminum alloy can be selected. The I-shaped cross section controls the height of the separation semi-ring according to the negative tolerance, so that the structure distributes a smaller axial compressive load when bearing. The separation semi-ring is connected to the upper stage of the launch vehicle through its own first bolt hole 101, and is connected to the lower stage of the launch vehicle through its own second bolt hole 102. The bolt connection allows the separation semi-ring to distribute more axial tensile load. At the same time, two grid windows 103 are set on the separation semi-ring every 2°, which greatly reduces the weight of the separation semi-ring while effectively ensuring the bearing capacity. A rectangular groove 105 is preset on the outer surface (i.e., the surface facing away from the energy-gathering cutting cable assembly 5) corresponding to the separation position. When penetrated by the jet of the energy-gathering cutting cable, the setting of the groove will cause stress concentration at the predetermined separation position, and the thicker areas at both ends and the thinner groove positions form a stiffness mutation, which is conducive to the separation of the separation ring according to the predetermined position. A connecting bolt hole 104 is also provided on the separation semi-ring 1.

[0028] The inner support protective cover 2 is a whole ring structure, such as Figure 4 As shown, the cross section is a convex shape, which can be made of metal materials such as aluminum alloy. The convex cross section is used to construct an integral protective cover that adapts to the load distribution. The height of the inner support protective cover is controlled according to the positive tolerance, so that the structure can distribute a larger axial pressure load when bearing. Two detonator seat mounting holes 202 are provided to achieve double-point detonation. At the same time, two non-through grid windows 204 are provided on the protective cover every 2°, which can effectively ensure the bearing capacity and overall stiffness of the inner support protective cover while greatly reducing the weight. A charging groove 201 and a third screw hole 203 are also provided on the inner support protective cover 2.

[0029] Detonator seat 3 Figure 5 As shown, metal materials such as steel can be selected, and its external thread 301 matches the mounting port of the inner support protective cover 202, and its internal thread 302 matches the corresponding interface of the detonator. A hexagon 303 is set at the detonator end, and the mounting torque with the inner support protective cover is applied through the hexagon. The structure is simple and the installation is convenient.

[0030] The protective filler block 4 is cross-shaped, such as Figure 6 As shown, it is connected to the separation half ring through the bolt holes 401 at the two ears, the front end face 402 is tightly attached to the separation half ring, two bolts respectively connect the two separation half rings, and the protective filling block is used to fill the gap between the two half rings after the separation half rings are assembled, providing protection without affecting the separation, and protecting the normal operation of the internal explosion transmission link.

[0031] The energy-forming cutting cable assembly 5 is a working element in this example, which is composed of an energy-forming cutting cable 501, a detonating cap 502, a detonating rubber sheath 503 and a T-shaped detonating assembly 504. Figure 7The present invention adopts a combined cutting rope layout structure, the energy-shaped cutting rope 501 is divided into four sections with the same length, connected end to end to form four intersections, one pair of opposite intersections is connected by a detonator 502, as shown in FIG. Figure 7 As shown in a, another pair of opposite intersections are connected through a T-shaped explosive transmission assembly 504 and a explosive transmission detonator 502. Figure 7 As shown in FIG. 2 , the design can adapt to the dimensional expansion and change of the explosive transmission gap caused by the launch vehicle after undergoing a large temperature difference, prevent the internal cutting rope from breaking due to the deformation of the shell, and has a highly reliable separation function. At the same time, the detonation method is optimized to vertical detonation at the detonation position through the T-shaped explosive transmission assembly 504, so that the separation performance at the detonation position is greatly enhanced, and the detonator installation is also more convenient.

[0032] The explosive rubber sheath 503 has good ductility and installation adaptability, and is used to fill and fix the shaped cutting rope. Before installing the shaped cutting rope, first screw the detonator seat 3 into the installation hole of the inner support protective cover 202 through the external thread 301 to form a reliable connection, and realize the vertical detonation of the shaped cutting rope 501 through the detonator through the T-shaped explosive assembly 504 and the explosive detonator 502. Install the explosive rubber sheath 503 in the charging groove 201 of the inner support protective cover 2, and then install the explosive detonator end of the shaped cutting rope into the explosive rubber sheath, and press the shaped cutting rope assembly 5 into the charging groove 201 of the inner support protective cover 2 little by little from the explosive end.

[0033] After the energy-gathering cutting cable assembly 5 is loaded into the inner support protective cover 2, the separation half ring 1 is installed, the connection bolt hole 104 of the separation half ring 1 is located at the lower part of the separation groove, the connection bolt hole 203 of the inner support protective cover 2 is located in the grid window, the end face 106 of the separation half ring 1 is tightly attached to the end face 205 of the inner support protective cover 2, the connection bolt hole 104 of the separation half ring 1 is aligned with the third screw hole 203 of the inner support protective cover 2, and connected by connecting fasteners. The two separation half rings are filled with a protective slider, which is connected to the separation half ring through the bolt holes 401 at the two ears, and the front end face 402 is tightly attached to the separation half ring.

[0034] When unlocking, the detonator installed on the detonator seat 3 ignites the T-shaped explosive transmission assembly 504, and the T-shaped explosive transmission assembly 504 ignites the energy-forming cutting rope 501 through the explosive transmission detonator 502. The energy-forming cutting rope is detonated through the explosive transmission detonator 502. When the energy-forming cutting rope is working, a high-speed, high-temperature, and high-pressure energy-forming jet, a detonation wave, and a high-pressure combustion gas are formed at the energy-forming angle position. The jet will penetrate and cut the shell of the separation half ring 1 to complete the cutting and separation of part of the shell. Subsequently, the detonation wave and the high-pressure combustion gas act on the unseparated shell to completely separate the shell.

[0035] The contents not described in detail in the specification of the present invention belong to the common knowledge of those skilled in the art.

[0036] Although the present invention has been disclosed as above in the form of a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art may make possible changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention by using the methods and technical contents disclosed above without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A large diameter tension and compression decoupling fusion linear separation device, characterized in that: It includes a separation half ring, an inner support protective cover, a detonator seat, a protective filling block, a shaped cutting rope assembly, and a detonator; The separation semi-ring is a 180° semi-ring structure with an I-shaped cross section, and the upper and lower end surfaces are respectively connected to the two stages of the launch vehicle; the separation semi-ring is locally weakened on the surface away from the shaped cutting cable assembly; The inner support protective cover is a whole ring structure with a convex cross section, and is provided with two detonator seat mounting holes, each of which is provided with a detonator seat; the detonator seat is used to accommodate the detonator; the protruding portion of the inner support protective cover is provided with a charging groove for accommodating the explosive transmission rubber sheath; the inner support protective cover is connected to the separation half ring, so that the protruding portion abuts against the separation half ring and the protruding portion corresponds to the local weakened position of the separation half ring; The protective filler block is cross-shaped and is connected to the two separated half rings through its own lugs to fill the gap between the two half rings after the separated half rings are assembled; The energy-shaped cutting rope assembly includes an energy-shaped cutting rope, a detonating cap, an explosive rubber sheath and a T-shaped explosive assembly. Four sections of the energy-shaped cutting rope are connected end to end to form four intersections, one pair of relative intersections is connected by a detonating cap, and the other pair of relative intersections is connected by a detonating cap and a T-shaped explosive assembly. The energy-shaped cutting rope is installed in the explosive rubber sheath. When separated, the detonator ignites the T-shaped explosive assembly, and the T-shaped explosive assembly passes through the detonating cap.

2. The large-diameter tension-compression decoupling fusion linear separation device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The separation half ring is made of aluminum alloy.

3. The large-diameter tension-compression decoupling fusion linear separation device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The I-shaped cross section of the split half ring controls the height according to the negative tolerance.

4. The large-diameter tension-compression decoupling fusion linear separation device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Two grid windows are set on the separation half ring every 2°, which can effectively ensure the carrying capacity and greatly reduce the weight of the separation half ring.

5. The large-diameter tension-compression decoupling fusion linear separation device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The inner support protection cover is made of aluminum alloy material.

6. The large-diameter tension-compression decoupling fusion linear separation device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The height of the inner support guard is controlled to a positive tolerance.

7. The large-diameter tension-compression decoupling fusion linear separation device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Two non-through mesh windows are set on the inner support protection cover every 2°, which can greatly reduce the weight while effectively ensuring the bearing capacity and overall stiffness of the inner support protection cover.

8. The large-diameter tension-compression decoupling fusion linear separation device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The detonator seat is made of steel.

9. The large-diameter tension-compression decoupling fusion linear separation device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A hexagon is arranged at the initiator end of the initiator seat, and the installation torque with the inner support protection cover is applied through the hexagon.

10. The large-diameter tension-compression decoupling fusion linear separation device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: When unlocked, the detonator installed on the detonator seat ignites the T-shaped explosive transmission assembly, and the T-shaped explosive transmission assembly ignites the energy-forming cutting rope through the explosive detonator. The energy-forming cutting ropes are detonated through the explosive detonator. When the energy-forming cutting ropes are working, high-speed, high-temperature, and high-pressure energy-forming jets, detonation waves, and high-pressure gas are formed at the energy-forming angle position. The jets will penetrate and cut and separate the semi-ring shell, completing the cutting and separation of part of the shell. Subsequently, the detonation wave and high-pressure gas act on the unseparated shell to completely separate the shell.

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