Downhole equipment hoisting system and method

Abstract

The invention provides an underground equipment hoisting system and method. The underground equipment hoisting system comprises a translation track arranged at the opening of a well pit, a hoisting frame installed on the translation track, a hoisting mechanism installed on the hoisting frame and a hoisting bracket located in the well pit, and the hoisting frame comprises a steel truss and a steel hoisting beam fixedly erected at the top of the steel truss. The steel truss is in sliding connection with the translation track through pulleys at the bottom, and a horizontal thrust oil cylinder is arranged on one side of the steel truss; the hoisting mechanism comprises at least two groups of steel strand hoisting ropes and hydraulic lifting mechanisms, and the hydraulic lifting mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on the steel hoisting beam, are respectively connected with the hoisting bracket through the steel strand hoisting ropes and are used for hoisting underground construction equipment arranged on the hoisting bracket. The underground large equipment can be rapidly hoisted and transferred, the problems that traditional hoisting and transferring are long in time consumption and low in work efficiency are solved, and the square truss is simple and stable in structure and suitable for hoisting of various underground large equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of underground space construction, and in particular to an underground equipment hoisting system and method. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing development of urbanization and the improvement of its functions, many subway tunnels, cross-river tunnels, underground sewage pipes, underground storage facilities and other engineering construction projects have emerged. These underground space constructions often use large equipment such as tunnel boring machines, pipe jacking machines, shield machines, etc. After the one-way tunnel construction is completed, the construction equipment needs to be hoisted out from the well before the reverse tunnel construction can be carried out. Due to the heavy weight of the equipment used in underground tunnel construction, it is difficult to hoist it using conventional methods when the site is narrow. Therefore, the existing technology mainly disassembles this type of construction equipment into blocks and then hoists it up from the well using crawler cranes or truck cranes. The hoisting and transportation is often time-consuming and inefficient. A few technologies also involve the hoisting of the above-mentioned large equipment, but the structure is relatively complex and lacks applicability under different working conditions. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a hoisting system and method that improves the hoisting efficiency and hoisting applicability of large underground mechanical equipment. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the problems in the background technology, the present invention provides a downhole equipment lifting system and method, through which large downhole equipment can be quickly lifted and moved, thereby improving the lifting efficiency and applicability of large downhole mechanical equipment.

[0004] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention provides a downhole equipment hoisting system for hoisting downhole construction equipment in a pit, the hoisting system comprising a translation track arranged at the wellhead of the pit, a hoisting frame installed on the translation track, a hoisting mechanism installed on the hoisting frame, and a hoisting bracket located in the pit, the translation track is provided with two, symmetrically arranged at the front and rear sides of the wellhead of the pit, and extending left and right to the area outside the pit; the hoisting frame comprises a steel truss and a steel hanging beam, the bottom of the steel truss is provided with a steel beam matching the translation track The pulley is connected to the translation track through the pulley at the bottom. A horizontal propulsion cylinder is provided on one side of the steel truss, and the steel truss is pushed to move along the translation track under the action of the horizontal propulsion cylinder. The steel hanging beam is fixedly mounted on the top of the steel truss. The hoisting mechanism includes at least two groups of steel strand ropes and a hydraulic lifting mechanism installed at the lifting end of each group of steel strand ropes. The hydraulic lifting mechanism is symmetrically installed on the steel hanging beam and connected to the hoisting bracket through the steel strand ropes to hoist the underground construction equipment placed on the hoisting bracket. The hydraulic lifting mechanism includes a jack with a rod end facing upward, an upper clamping mechanism installed at the rod end of the jack, and a lower clamping mechanism installed at the rodless end of the jack. The steel strand rope passes through the upper clamping mechanism, the jack, and the lower clamping mechanism in sequence, and when the piston of the jack extends upward, the upper clamping mechanism clamps the steel strand rope, and the lower clamping mechanism releases the steel strand rope, driving the steel strand rope to move upward; when the piston of the jack is retracted downward, the lower clamping mechanism clamps the steel strand rope, and the upper clamping mechanism releases the steel strand rope, keeping the steel strand rope from moving downward; the steel strand rope is moved upward by repeatedly extending and retracting the jack and cooperating with the upper clamping mechanism and the lower clamping mechanism, and the underground construction equipment placed on the lifting bracket is lifted out of the pit.

[0005] The preferred technical solution of the present invention is as follows: the lifting system also includes a transport flatbed truck, two translation rails extending toward the side of the steel truss away from the horizontal propulsion cylinder, the transport flatbed truck is located on the side of the steel truss away from the horizontal propulsion cylinder, and the transport flatbed truck is located between the two translation rails; the underground construction equipment is lifted to a position above the wellhead of the pit and higher than the transport flatbed truck by at least two sets of hydraulic lifting mechanisms, and the steel truss and the lifted underground construction equipment are moved horizontally as a whole to above the transport flatbed truck through the horizontal propulsion cylinder, and placed on the transport flatbed truck for transportation.

[0006] A further technical solution of the present invention is as follows: the upper clamping mechanism comprises a first piston and a group of first conical clips, a first piston lifting sleeve is provided at the rod end of the jack, the first piston lifting sleeve cover is provided outside the piston end of the jack and is fixedly connected to the cylinder body of the rod end of the jack, the cylinder body of the first piston is slidably installed in the first piston lifting sleeve, and the piston end face of the first piston faces downward and is opposite to the piston end face of the jack, the first conical clip is fixedly installed on the piston end face of the first piston, and a group of first conical holes matching the first conical clip are correspondingly opened on the piston end face of the jack; the lower clamping mechanism comprises a second piston and a group of second conical clips, the cylinder body of the second piston is fixedly connected to the cylinder body of the rodless end of the jack, a locking base is provided at the rod end of the second piston, the second conical clip is fixed to the piston end face of the second piston, and a group of second conical holes matching the second conical clip are correspondingly opened on one side of the locking base adjacent to the piston end face of the second piston; Each group of steel strand suspension ropes is provided with one or more steel strands, and the number of the conical clips and the conical holes matches the steel strands; each steel strand passes through the inner sides of the first conical clip and the second conical clip corresponding to each other in turn; when the first piston extends downward, the first conical clip is embedded in the corresponding first conical hole, and the upper clamping mechanism clamps the steel strand suspension rope, and when the first piston is retracted upward, the first conical clip is disengaged from the first conical hole, and the upper clamping mechanism loosens the steel strand suspension rope; when the second piston extends downward, the second conical clip is embedded in the corresponding second conical hole, and the lower clamping mechanism clamps the steel strand suspension rope, and when the second piston is retracted upward, the second conical clip is disengaged from the second conical hole, and the lower clamping mechanism loosens the steel strand suspension rope.

[0007] The better technical solution of the present invention is as follows: the horizontal propulsion cylinders are provided with two groups, which are respectively installed along two translation tracks, and the movement of the steel truss on the translation track is realized by the extension of the two groups of horizontal propulsion cylinders; a plurality of reaction force baffles are installed at intervals on the translation track, and the installation spacing of the reaction force baffles matches the stroke of the horizontal propulsion cylinders.

[0008] The preferred technical solution of the present invention is as follows: at least four steel hanging beams are provided, which are symmetrically erected above the steel truss in groups of two, each steel hanging beam is arranged along the direction of the translation track, and four groups of double-jointed channel steel hanging beams are provided on each group of steel hanging beams; four groups of hydraulic lifting mechanisms are provided, which are respectively fixedly installed on the corresponding double-jointed channel steel hanging beams; the translation track includes a channel steel track beam and two horizontal rails arranged along the length direction of the channel steel track beam, the channel steel track beam has a section every 10 to 12 meters, and each section is connected by high-strength bolts; the reaction baffle is fixedly installed between the two horizontal rails, and the height of the reaction baffle is lower than or equal to the height of the horizontal rail, and lower than the height of the bottom surface of the steel truss.

[0009] The better technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a temporary support formed by a 48mm diameter steel pipe is provided above the steel hanging beam; the steel truss is a square frame structure formed by connecting vertical columns and beams by high-strength bolts, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the hollow area matches the wellhead of the well pit; steel diagonal braces and horizontal braces are arranged on each side of the steel truss, and vertical supports are arranged on the upper half of the side parallel to the translation track; all supports, columns and beams of the steel truss are connected and fixed by high-strength bolts.

[0010] The preferred technical solution of the present invention is as follows: the retaining structure of the well pit adopts underground continuous walls or retaining piles, the bottom plate of the well pit is constructed before the equipment is hoisted and reaches 100% compressive strength, the underground construction equipment is large-scale equipment in the shape of a cylinder, a rectangle or a square, with an overall weight of 50 to 400 tons; the size of the well pit is at least 500mm larger than the outer contour size of the underground construction equipment to be hoisted; a concrete support is provided at the bottom of the translation track, and the height of the concrete support is equal to or higher than the height of the transport flatbed truck; the bearing capacity of the concrete support is greater than the total weight of the underground construction equipment and the hoisting system, and a load safety factor of at least 1.2 times is reserved.

[0011] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention provides a method for hoisting underground equipment, wherein the method uses the above underground equipment hoisting system to hoist underground construction equipment, and uses a flatbed transport vehicle for transportation. The specific hoisting steps of the method are as follows: S1. One month before preparing to hoist the underground construction equipment, clean the ground around the pit, construct two rows of concrete support foundations on both sides of the pit mouth, and install translation tracks on each row of concrete support foundations after the concrete support foundations reach the designed strength; S2. Install the steel truss, steel hanging beam, hydraulic lifting mechanism, steel strand hanging rope, horizontal propulsion cylinder and supporting hydraulic system and electrical circuit above the translation track from bottom to top, and assemble the entire lifting system; wherein, the hydraulic lifting mechanism has at least two groups, which are fixedly installed on the steel hanging beam above the top of the steel truss, and each group of hydraulic lifting mechanism is equipped with a group of steel strand hanging rope; S3. The hoisting bracket is hoisted to the bottom of the well, and the underground construction equipment is moved as a whole to the hoisting bracket in the tunnel, and each set of steel strand ropes is straightened and effectively connected to the hoisting bracket to form at least two sets of symmetrically arranged lifting points; S4. Control at least two sets of hydraulic lifting mechanisms to work simultaneously, and lift the hoisting bracket carrying the underground construction equipment to a position above the wellhead of the well pit; the lifting process of each set of hydraulic lifting mechanisms is: control the jack to deliver pressure oil to push the piston of the jack to move up and down, when the jack piston extends upward, the upper clamping mechanism set at the top of the piston clamps the steel strand rope, so that the underground construction equipment moves upward together; when the jack piston contracts downward, the lower clamping mechanism set at the rodless end of the jack clamps the steel strand rope to ensure that the heavy object stays safely and reliably in the new position, and at the same time, the upper clamping mechanism set at the top of the jack piston releases the steel strand rope, and the piston resets to prepare for the next stroke lifting; the hydraulic lifting mechanism repeats the above process cyclically to complete the lifting process of the underground construction equipment; S5. After the hoisting bracket is lifted above the wellhead, it is suspended in the air for 10-30 seconds, and the horizontal propulsion cylinder of the steel truss is started, so that the steel truss drives the hoisting bracket and the underground construction equipment to move slowly horizontally along the translation track to the ground outside the pit; S6. Push the flatbed transport vehicle to the bottom of the lifting bracket, control the hydraulic lifting mechanism to lower the lifting bracket carrying the underground construction equipment onto the flatbed transport vehicle, untie the steel strand lifting rope and the lifting bracket, and transport the underground construction equipment to the destination via the flatbed transport vehicle.

[0012] A further technical solution of the present invention: in the step S4, four groups of hydraulic lifting mechanisms are provided, and four lifting points are evenly distributed on both sides of the lifting bracket. At the same time, the four groups of hydraulic lifting mechanisms are controlled to work synchronously to lift the lifting bracket carrying the underground construction equipment. The upper clamping mechanism of each group of hydraulic lifting mechanisms includes a first piston and a group of first conical clips fixedly installed on the piston end face of the first piston, a first piston lifting sleeve is provided at the rod end of the jack, and a group of first conical holes matching the first conical clips are correspondingly opened on the piston end face of the jack; the lower clamping mechanism includes a second piston and a group of second conical clips fixed on the piston end face of the second piston, a locking base is provided at the rod end of the second piston, and a group of second conical holes matching the second conical clips are correspondingly opened on the locking base; the jack, the first piston and the second piston of each group of hydraulic lifting mechanisms are individually provided with a hydraulic control system, and the control process of each group of hydraulic lifting mechanisms is as follows: ① The lifting process of underground construction equipment is as follows: the rodless cavity of the upper first piston is controlled to flow oil, the piston rod of the first piston extends out of the piston cavity, the first conical clip at the piston end is embedded in the first conical hole corresponding to the piston end of the jack, and the steel strand lifting rope is clamped; at the same time, the rod cavity of the lower second piston is controlled to flow oil, the piston rod of the second piston is contracted upward, the second conical clip is disengaged from the second conical hole, and the clamping of the steel strand lifting rope is released; then the jack is started, the rodless cavity of the jack is controlled to flow oil, the piston of the jack is pressurized and gradually rises, and the piston rises to lift the underground construction equipment; ② After the first stage of the lifting process is completed, it is necessary to carry out the no-load lowering process, so that the jack piston returns to its position, and then carry out the second lifting process; the no-load lowering process is specifically as follows: control the oil inlet into the rod chamber of the first piston, the piston rod of the first piston contracts upward, the first conical clamping piece disengages from the first conical hole, and the clamping of the steel strand rope is released; at the same time, control the oil inlet into the rodless chamber of the second piston, the piston rod of the second piston extends downward, driving the second conical clamping piece to embed into the second conical hole, and clamping the steel strand rope; then start the jack, control the oil inlet into the rod chamber of the jack, so that the piston of the jack is gradually recovered, and the piston contracts to complete the reset and prepare for the next stroke lifting. During this process, the steel strand rope will not move downward because it is clamped by the second conical clamping piece; ③ When the underground construction equipment is lifted to a predetermined height and the weight needs to be fine-tuned and lowered, the piston of the jack is at a position where the cylinder is almost fully extended. At this time, the load lowering process is carried out: the rodless cavity of the first piston is controlled to flow oil, and the piston rod of the first piston extends out of the piston cavity. The first conical clip at the piston end is embedded in the first conical hole corresponding to the piston end of the jack, and the steel strand rope is clamped; at the same time, the rod cavity of the second piston at the bottom is controlled to flow oil, and the piston rod of the second piston contracts upward, so that the second conical clip is disengaged from the second conical hole and the clamping of the steel strand rope is released; start the jack, control the oil flow into the rod cavity of the jack, and the piston of the jack contracts downward. It drives the underground construction equipment to descend; when the jack is close to the position where the cylinder is completely retracted, the rodless chamber of the second piston is controlled to flow oil, and the piston rod of the second piston is extended downward, driving the second conical clamp to be embedded in the second conical hole to clamp the steel strand suspension rope, and at the same time, the rod chamber of the first piston is controlled to flow oil, the piston rod of the first piston is retracted upward, the first conical clamp is disengaged from the first conical hole, and the clamping of the steel strand suspension rope is released; the jack is started, the rodless chamber of the jack is controlled to flow oil, and the piston of the jack is extended upward back to the position to prepare for the next stage of the load lowering process; the above process is repeated to realize the jack's driving the underground construction equipment to descend and adjust the process.

[0013] The preferred technical solution of the present invention is as follows: the installation height of the translation track is equal to or higher than the height of the transport flatbed truck, and the translation track extends horizontally to the area outside the pit, and the flatbed truck is placed between the two translation tracks; the lifting bracket is lifted to a suspended position higher than the translation track by a hydraulic lifting mechanism, and the steel truss is moved to above the flatbed truck along the translation track through multiple thrusts; a plurality of reaction baffles are fixedly provided on the translation track, and the spacing between adjacent reaction baffles matches the single thrust stroke of the horizontal thrust cylinder, the piston end of the horizontal thrust cylinder is fixedly connected to the steel truss, and each thrust process of the horizontal thrust cylinder is to fix the cylinder body of the horizontal thrust cylinder on the reaction baffle, control the horizontal thrust cylinder to be fully extended, and push the steel truss to move along the translation track, and the single movement distance is equal to the single thrust stroke of the horizontal thrust cylinder.

[0014] The pit retaining structure in the present invention is formed by underground continuous walls or retaining piles. The pit bottom plate needs to be constructed and reach the corresponding strength before the equipment is hoisted. The underground equipment is a large-scale equipment of a cylinder, a cuboid or a similar square shape, with an overall weight of 50-400 tons. A steel bracket is provided thereunder as a hoisting base to facilitate the fixing of the hoisting rope. The pit size should be at least 500mm larger than the outer contour size of the underground equipment to be hoisted so as to leave enough space for underground operations; the bearing capacity of the concrete foundation should be greater than the total weight of the underground equipment and the hoisting structure, and a load safety factor of at least 1.2 times should be reserved. The concrete foundation should be arranged along the north-south long sides of the pit, and the range should ensure that the hoisting structure can hoist the underground equipment and translate it to the transport flatbed truck on the ground.

[0015] There are two channel steel track beams in the present invention, which are placed in the middle position above the concrete foundation along the north-south direction of the foundation pit. The channel steel suspension beam has a section every 12m, and each section is connected by high-strength bolts. Each channel steel track beam is provided with two horizontal rails. The steel truss is a square body, and steel diagonal braces and horizontal braces are provided on the four sides of the east, west, south and north. Vertical supports are also required to be provided on the upper half of the steel truss on the north and south sides. All supports, columns and beams of the steel truss are connected and fixed by high-strength bolts to facilitate disassembly and structural size changes. A group of horizontal propulsion cylinders are respectively provided on the west side of the steel truss near the bottom position along the north-south track direction. The steel truss can be freely moved on the horizontal rail by telescoping the propulsion cylinders. A baffle is provided on the channel steel track beam as the jacking end of the jack. According to the cylinder stroke size of the horizontal propulsion jack, a propulsion baffle is provided at a certain distance in the length direction of the track beam to provide a horizontal travel reaction force.

[0016] The hydraulic lifting mechanism in the present invention is fixed by a double-jointed channel steel hanging beam, and the double-jointed channel steel hanging beam is supported by an independent steel hanging beam below. A long and a short independent steel hanging beam are placed above the steel truss. The lifting mechanism is provided with 4 groups, and each lifting mechanism includes three pistons and two upper and lower clamping anchors. The corresponding oil nozzle controls the inlet and outlet of the hydraulic oil to realize the tightening of the clamping anchor and the extension and contraction of the piston, so as to realize the steel strand cyclically lifting heavy objects; the steel strand is connected to the lifting rope through a joint below, and the lifting rope is fixed with a special steel wire rope and a buckle. The temporary bracket is erected with a 48mm diameter steel pipe, and the bottom of the vertical pole is set above the independent crossbeam and the top crossbeam of the steel truss, and the horizontal rod is set every 2m. The temporary bracket is mainly used as a temporary bracket after the top of the steel strand is stretched to avoid excessive bending of the steel strand affecting the stress of the system. At the same time, it also serves as an operating platform for personnel to operate the hydraulic lifting mechanism. A temporary scaffolding board should be set on the temporary bracket for personnel to walk in the air.

[0017] The present invention can quickly hoist and transport large underground equipment by providing steel trusses and hydraulic lifting mechanisms, thereby solving the problem of long time consumption and low efficiency in traditional hoisting and transportation. The equipment hoisting period is saved by at least 50%. In addition, the square truss structure is simple and stable, suitable for the hoisting of various large underground equipment, and has obvious economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a plan view of the hoisting system of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Middle AA section diagram; Figure 3 for Figure 1 Middle BB section diagram; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic lifting mechanism in the present invention; Figure 5 and Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the process of lifting a heavy object by a jack in the present invention Figure 7 and Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the unloaded lowering process of the jack during the lifting process of the present invention; Figures 9 to 12 It is a schematic diagram of the load lowering process of the jack of the present invention. Reference numerals in the figure: 1—pit, 100—enclosing structure, 101—bottom plate, 2—hydraulic lifting mechanism, 200—jack, 201—first piston, 202—first conical clip, 203—first conical hole, 204—second piston, 205—second conical clip, 206—locking base, 207—second conical hole, 208—first piston lifting sleeve, 3—lifting bracket, 4—underground equipment, 5—concrete support, 6—channel steel track beam, 600—channel steel track beam, 601—horizontal rail, 7—steel truss, 700—pulley, 8—horizontal propulsion cylinder, 9—steel lifting beam, 10—transport flatbed truck, 11—reaction baffle, 12—temporary support, 13—steel wire rope, 14—double-piece channel steel lifting beam. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The embodiments of the present invention and all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", "left", "right", etc. indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are directions or positional relationships in which the product of the invention is usually placed when in use, or are directions or positional relationships commonly understood by those skilled in the art. These directions or positional relationships are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0021] Embodiment 1 provides a downhole equipment hoisting system, such as Figures 1 to 3As shown, it is used to hoist the underground construction equipment 4 located in the pit 1. The retaining structure of the pit 1 is formed by underground continuous walls or retaining piles. The pit bottom plate needs to be constructed and reach the corresponding strength before the equipment is hoisted. The underground construction equipment 4 is a cylindrical, rectangular or square-like large equipment with an overall weight of 50-400 tons. The size of the pit 1 should be at least 500mm larger than the outer contour size of the underground construction equipment 4 to be hoisted to leave enough space for underground operations. The lifting system includes a translation track 6 arranged at the wellhead of the pit 1, a lifting frame installed on the translation track 6, a lifting mechanism installed on the lifting frame, a lifting bracket 3 located in the wellhead 1 and a matching transport flatbed trolley 10. The translation track 6 is provided with two, symmetrically arranged on the front and rear sides of the wellhead of the pit 1, and extending left and right to the area outside the pit 1; the lifting frame includes a steel truss 7 and a steel lifting beam 9, a pulley 700 matching the translation track 6 is provided at the bottom of the steel truss 7, and the steel truss is slidably connected to the translation track 6 through the pulley 700 at the bottom, a horizontal propulsion cylinder 8 is provided on one side of the steel truss 7, and the steel truss 7 is pushed to move along the translation track 6 under the action of the horizontal propulsion cylinder 8. The steel hanging beam 9 is fixedly mounted on the top of the steel truss 7. The lifting mechanism includes four groups of steel strand ropes 13 and a hydraulic lifting mechanism 2 installed at the lifting end of each group of steel strand ropes 13. The hydraulic lifting mechanism 2 is symmetrically installed on the steel hanging beam 9 and connected to the lifting bracket 3 through the steel strand ropes 13 to lift the underground construction equipment 4 placed on the lifting bracket 3. Two lifting ropes are connected under each group of steel strands 13, and the lifting ropes are fixed with special steel wire ropes and buckles. Two translation rails 6 extend toward the side of the steel truss 7 away from the horizontal propulsion cylinder 8. The transport flatbed trolley 10 is located on the side of the steel truss 7 away from the horizontal propulsion cylinder 8, and the transport flatbed trolley 10 is located between the two translation rails 6. The underground construction equipment 4 is lifted to a position above the wellhead of the pit 1 and higher than the transport flatbed truck 10 by four sets of hydraulic lifting mechanisms 2. The steel truss 7 and the lifted underground construction equipment 4 are moved horizontally as a whole to above the transport flatbed truck 10 through the horizontal propulsion cylinder 8, and placed on the transport flatbed truck 10 for transportation.

[0022] Embodiment 1 provides a downhole equipment hoisting system, such as Figure 4As shown, the hydraulic lifting mechanism 2 includes a jack 200 with a rod end facing upward, an upper clamping mechanism installed at the rod end of the jack, and a lower clamping mechanism installed at the rodless end of the jack. The steel strand rope 13 passes through the upper clamping mechanism, the jack 200 and the lower clamping mechanism in sequence, and when the piston of the jack 200 extends upward, the upper clamping mechanism clamps the steel strand rope 13, and the lower clamping mechanism releases the steel strand rope 13, driving the steel strand rope 13 to move upward; when the piston of the jack 200 is retracted downward, the lower clamping mechanism clamps the steel strand rope 13, and the upper clamping mechanism releases the steel strand rope 13, keeping the steel strand rope 13 from moving downward; the steel strand rope 13 is moved upward by repeatedly extending and retracting the jack 200 and cooperating with the upper clamping mechanism and the lower clamping mechanism, and the underground construction equipment 4 placed on the lifting bracket 3 is lifted out of the pit 1. The upper clamping mechanism includes a first piston 201 and a group of first conical clips 202. A first piston lifting sleeve 208 is provided at the rod end of the jack 200. The first piston lifting sleeve 208 is provided outside the piston end of the jack 200 and is fixedly connected to the cylinder body of the rod end of the jack 200. The cylinder body of the first piston 201 is slidably installed in the first piston lifting sleeve 208, and the piston end face of the first piston 201 faces downward and is opposite to the piston end face of the jack 200. The first conical clip 202 is fixedly installed on the piston end face of the first piston 201. A group of first tapered holes 203 matching the first tapered clips 202 are correspondingly opened on the piston end surface; the lower clamping mechanism includes a second piston 204 and a group of second tapered clips 205, the cylinder body of the second piston 204 is fixedly connected to the cylinder body of the rodless end of the jack 200, a locking base 206 is provided on the rod end of the second piston 204, the second tapered clip 205 is fixed to the piston end surface of the second piston 204, and a group of second tapered holes 207 matching the second tapered clips 205 are correspondingly opened on one side of the locking base 206 adjacent to the piston end surface of the second piston 204. Each group of steel strand suspension ropes 13 is provided with one or more steel strands, and the number of the tapered clips and tapered holes matches the steel strands; each steel strand passes through the inner side of the first tapered clip 202 and the second tapered clip 205 corresponding to each other in sequence.

[0023] In the first embodiment, Figures 5 to 12As shown, when the first piston 201 extends downward, the first conical clamp 202 is embedded in the corresponding first conical hole 203, and the upper clamping mechanism clamps the steel strand suspension rope 13. When the first piston 201 is retracted upward, the first conical clamp 202 is disengaged from the first conical hole 203, and the upper clamping mechanism releases the steel strand suspension rope 13. When the second piston 204 extends downward, the second conical clamp 205 is embedded in the corresponding second conical hole 207, and the lower clamping mechanism clamps the steel strand suspension rope 13. When the second piston is retracted upward, the second conical clamp 205 is disengaged from the second conical hole 207, and the lower clamping mechanism releases the steel strand suspension rope 13.

[0024] In the first embodiment, two groups of horizontal propulsion cylinders 8 are provided, which are respectively installed along two translation rails 6. The movement of the steel truss 7 on the translation rails 6 is realized by extending the two groups of horizontal propulsion cylinders 8; Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a plurality of reaction baffles 11 are installed at intervals on the translation track 6, and the installation spacing of the reaction baffles 11 matches the stroke of the horizontal propulsion cylinder 8. A concrete support 5 is provided at the bottom of the translation track 6, and the height of the concrete support 5 is equal to or higher than the height of the transport flatbed truck 10; the bearing capacity of the concrete support 5 is greater than the total weight of the underground construction equipment 4 and the hoisting system, and at least 1.2 times the load safety factor is reserved.

[0025] In the first embodiment, Figures 1 to 3As shown, the steel hanging beams 9 are provided with at least four, which are symmetrically erected in groups of two above the steel truss 7, each steel hanging beam 9 is arranged along the direction of the translation track 6, and four groups of double-jointed channel steel hanging beams 14 are provided on each group of steel hanging beams 9; the hydraulic lifting mechanism 2 is provided with four groups, which are respectively fixedly installed on the corresponding double-jointed channel steel hanging beams 14; the translation track 6 includes a channel steel track beam 600 and two horizontal rails 601 arranged along the length direction of the channel steel track beam 600, and the channel steel track beam 600 has a section every 10 to 12 meters, and each section is connected by high-strength bolts; the reaction baffle 11 is fixedly installed between the two horizontal rails 601, and the height of the reaction baffle 11 is lower than or equal to the height of the horizontal rail 601, and is lower than the height of the bottom surface of the steel truss 7. A temporary bracket 12 made of 48mm diameter steel pipe is arranged above the steel hanging beam 9. The temporary bracket 12 mainly serves as a temporary bracket after the top of the steel strand hanging rope 13 is extended, and also serves as an operating platform for personnel to operate the hydraulic lifting mechanism 2. A temporary scaffolding board should be arranged on the temporary bracket for personnel to walk safely at high altitude. The steel truss 7 is a square frame structure formed by connecting vertical columns and beams through high-strength bolts. The cross-sectional area of ​​the hollow area matches the wellhead of the pit 1. The steel truss 7 is a square body. Steel diagonal braces and horizontal braces are arranged on the four sides of the east, west, south and north. Vertical supports are also arranged on the upper half of the steel truss on the north and south sides. All supports, columns and beams of the steel truss 7 are fixed by high-strength bolts to facilitate disassembly and structural size changes.

[0026] Embodiment 2 provides a method for hoisting underground equipment, using the underground equipment hoisting system provided in Embodiment 1 to hoist underground construction equipment. The specific hoisting steps of the method are as follows: S1. One month before preparing to hoist the underground construction equipment, clean the ground around the pit 1, construct two rows of concrete supports 5 on the north and south sides of the wellhead of the pit 1, and after the concrete supports 5 reach the designed strength, install the translation track 6 on each row of concrete supports 5, specifically, assemble the channel steel track beams in sections above the north and south concrete supports 5 in sequence, and lay the corresponding tracks; the installation height of the translation track 6 is equal to or higher than the height of the transport flatbed vehicle 10, and the translation track 6 extends horizontally to the area outside the pit, and the flatbed transport vehicle 10 is placed between the two translation tracks; S2. Install the steel truss 7, steel beam 9, four sets of hydraulic lifting mechanisms 2, four sets of steel strand ropes 13, two sets of horizontal propulsion cylinders 8 and supporting hydraulic systems and electrical circuits above the translation track from bottom to top, and assemble the entire lifting system. Figures 1 to 3 As shown; wherein, the hydraulic lifting mechanism 2 is fixedly installed on the steel hanging beam above the top of the steel truss, and each set of hydraulic lifting mechanisms 2 is equipped with a set of steel strand lifting ropes 13, and the bottom of the steel strand lifting ropes 13 is provided with a hook matching the lifting bracket 3, which can be effectively connected with the lifting ear on the lifting bracket 3.

[0027] S3. Lift the lifting bracket 3 to the bottom of the well, and push the underground construction equipment 4 as a whole onto the lifting bracket 3 in the tunnel, straighten each group of steel strand lifting ropes 10 and effectively connect them to the lifting bracket 3 to form at least four groups of symmetrically arranged lifting points; ensure that the center of gravity of the underground equipment to be lifted is evenly shared by the four groups of lifting ropes.

[0028] S4. Control four groups of hydraulic lifting mechanisms 2 to work simultaneously, and lift the lifting bracket 3 carrying the underground construction equipment 4 to a position above the wellhead of the well pit 1; the lifting process of each group of hydraulic lifting mechanisms 2 is: control the jack 200 to deliver pressure oil to push the piston of the jack to telescope up and down, when the piston of the jack 200 extends upward, the upper clamping mechanism arranged at the top of the piston clamps the steel strand lifting rope 13, so that the underground construction equipment 4 moves upward together; when the jack piston contracts downward, the lower clamping mechanism arranged at the rodless end of the jack 200 clamps the steel strand lifting rope 13 to ensure that the hoisted underground construction equipment 4 stays safely and reliably in the new position, and at the same time, the upper clamping mechanism arranged at the top of the jack piston releases the steel strand lifting rope, and the piston resets to prepare for the next stroke lifting; the hydraulic lifting mechanism 2 repeats the above process in a cycle to complete the lifting process of the underground construction equipment.

[0029] S5. When the hoisting bracket 3 is lifted to a suspended position above the translation track 6 at the wellhead, it is suspended stably in the air for 10-30 seconds, and the horizontal propulsion cylinder 8 of the steel truss 7 is started. Through multiple propulsions, the steel truss 7 drives the hoisting bracket 3 and the underground construction equipment 4 to move slowly horizontally along the translation track 6 to above the flatbed transport vehicle; specifically, a plurality of reaction baffles are fixedly provided on the translation track 6, and the spacing between adjacent reaction baffles matches the single propulsion stroke of the horizontal propulsion cylinder. The piston end of the horizontal propulsion cylinder is fixedly connected to the steel truss. Each propulsion process of the horizontal propulsion cylinder is to fix the cylinder body of the horizontal propulsion cylinder on the reaction baffle, control the horizontal propulsion cylinder to be fully extended, and push the steel truss to move along the translation track. The single movement distance is equal to the single propulsion stroke of the horizontal propulsion cylinder.

[0030] S6. Control the hydraulic lifting mechanism 2 to lower the lifting height of the hoisted underground construction equipment 4, so that the lifting bracket 3 and the underground construction equipment 4 can be accurately lowered onto the flatbed transport vehicle, and untie the steel strand lifting rope 13 and the lifting bracket 3, and transport the underground construction equipment to the destination via the flatbed transport vehicle 10.

[0031] The control process of each group of hydraulic lifting mechanisms in the second embodiment is as follows: (1) In step S3, the lifting process of the underground construction equipment 4 is as follows: Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the rodless cavity of the upper first piston 201 is controlled to flow oil, and the piston rod of the first piston 201 extends out of the piston cavity, and the first conical clip 202 at its piston end is embedded in the first conical hole 203 corresponding to the piston end of the jack. At this time, the first conical clip 202 is in a clamped state and can clamp the steel strand suspension rope 10 inside it; at the same time, the rod cavity of the lower second piston 204 is controlled to flow oil, and the piston rod of the second piston 204 contracts upward, so that the second conical clip 205 is disengaged from the second conical hole 207. At this time, the second conical clip 205 is in a loosened state, and the clamping of the steel strand suspension rope 10 is released; then the jack 200 is started, and the rodless cavity of the jack 200 is controlled to flow oil, so that the piston of the jack 200 is pressurized and gradually rises, and the rising piston can drive the steel strand suspension rope 10 to rise, thereby realizing the hoisting process of the underground construction equipment 4.

[0032] (2) After the first stage of the lifting process of the jack 200 is completed, it is necessary to lower the jack 200 without load to return the piston of the jack 200 to its original position, so as to facilitate the subsequent second lifting process. The no-load lowering process of the jack 200 is as follows: Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the rod chamber of the first piston 201 is controlled to flow oil, the piston rod of the first piston 201 contracts upward, and the first conical clip 202 is separated from the first conical hole 203. At this time, the first conical clip 202 is in a loose state, and the clamping of the steel strand suspension rope 13 is released; at the same time, the rodless chamber of the second piston 204 is controlled to flow oil, and the piston rod of the second piston 204 extends downward, driving the second conical clip 205 to embed into the second conical hole 207. At this time, the second conical clip 205 is in a clamping state, and the steel strand suspension rope 13 is clamped; then the jack 200 is started, and the rod chamber of the jack 200 is controlled to flow oil, so that the piston of the jack 200 is gradually retracted. During the piston contraction process, the steel strand suspension rope 13 is clamped by the second conical clip 205 and will not move downward. Only the jack piston moves downward to complete the reset work and prepare for the next stroke lifting.

[0033] (3) When the underground construction equipment is lifted to a predetermined height and needs to be fine-tuned for lowering, and when the underground construction equipment needs to be lowered and placed on the lifting bracket 3 in step S6, a load lowering process is required. At the beginning of the load lowering process, the piston of the jack 200 is at a position where the cylinder is almost fully extended, such as Figures 8 to 12As shown, first, the rodless chamber of the first piston 201 is controlled to flow oil, the piston rod of the first piston 201 extends out of the piston chamber, and the first conical clip 203 at the piston end is embedded in the first conical hole 204 corresponding to the piston end of the jack, and the steel strand suspension rope 13 is clamped; at the same time, the rod chamber of the second piston 204 at the lower part is controlled to flow oil, the piston rod of the second piston 204 is retracted upward, so that the second conical clip 205 is disengaged from the second conical hole, and the clamping of the steel strand suspension rope 13 is released; the jack 200 is started, the rod chamber of the jack is controlled to flow oil, and the piston of the jack 200 is retracted downward, thereby driving the underground construction equipment 4 to descend; when the jack is close to the position where the cylinder is completely retracted At the same time, the rod chamber of the first piston 201 is controlled to flow oil, the piston rod of the second piston 204 is extended downward, driving the second conical clip 205 to be embedded in the second conical hole 207, clamping the steel strand suspension rope 13, and at the same time, the rod chamber of the first piston 201 is controlled to flow oil, the piston rod of the first piston 201 is retracted upward, the first conical clip 203 is disengaged from the first conical hole 204, and the clamping of the steel strand suspension rope 13 is released; the jack 200 is started, the rod chamber of the jack is controlled to flow oil, and the piston of the jack 200 is extended back to the position upward to prepare for the next stage of the load lowering process; the above process is repeated to realize the jack-driven lowering adjustment process of the underground construction equipment.

[0034] What is described above is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A downhole equipment hoisting system, used for hoisting downhole construction equipment (4) located in a pit (1), characterized in that: The hoisting system comprises a translation track (6) arranged at the wellhead of a well pit (1), a hoisting frame installed on the translation track (6), a hoisting mechanism installed on the hoisting frame, and a hoisting bracket (3) located in the well pit (1); the translation track (6) is provided with two, symmetrically arranged at the front and rear sides of the wellhead of the well pit (1), and extending to the left and right to the area outside the well pit (1); the hoisting frame comprises a steel truss (7) and a steel hanging beam (9); a pulley (700) matching the translation track (6) is provided at the bottom of the steel truss (7), and is slidably connected to the translation track (6) through the pulley (700) at the bottom, A horizontal propulsion cylinder (8) is provided on one side of the steel truss (7), and the steel truss (7) is pushed to move along the translation track (6) under the action of the horizontal propulsion cylinder (8); the steel hanging beam (9) is fixedly mounted on the top of the steel truss (7); the lifting mechanism comprises at least two groups of steel strand ropes (13) and a hydraulic lifting mechanism (2) installed at the lifting end of each group of steel strand ropes (13); the hydraulic lifting mechanism (2) is symmetrically installed on the steel hanging beam (9), and is connected to the lifting bracket (3) through the steel strand ropes (13) to lift the underground construction equipment (4) placed on the lifting bracket (3); The hydraulic lifting mechanism (2) comprises a jack (200) with a rod end facing upward, an upper clamping mechanism installed at the rod end of the jack, and a lower clamping mechanism installed at the rodless end of the jack. The steel strand rope (13) passes through the upper clamping mechanism, the jack (200), and the lower clamping mechanism in sequence. When the piston of the jack (200) extends upward, the upper clamping mechanism clamps the steel strand rope (13), and the lower clamping mechanism releases the steel strand rope (13), thereby driving the steel strand rope to move upward. The wire rope (13) moves upward; when the piston of the jack (200) is retracted downward, the lower clamping mechanism clamps the steel strand rope (13), and the upper clamping mechanism releases the steel strand rope (13), so as to keep the steel strand rope (13) from moving downward; the steel strand rope (13) is moved upward by repeatedly extending and retracting the jack (200) and cooperating with the upper clamping mechanism and the lower clamping mechanism, and the underground construction equipment (4) placed on the lifting bracket (3) is lifted out of the pit (1).

2. A downhole equipment hoisting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting system further comprises a transport flatbed truck (10), two translation rails (6) extending toward a side of the steel truss (7) away from the horizontal propulsion cylinder (8), the transport flatbed truck (10) being located on a side of the steel truss (7) away from the horizontal propulsion cylinder (8), and the transport flatbed truck (10) being located between the two translation rails (6); the underground construction equipment (4) is lifted to a position above the wellhead of the pit (1) and higher than the transport flatbed truck (10) by at least two sets of hydraulic lifting mechanisms (2), and the steel truss (7) and the lifted underground construction equipment (4) are moved horizontally as a whole to the top of the transport flatbed truck (10) by the horizontal propulsion cylinder (8), and are placed on the transport flatbed truck (10) for transportation by the transport flatbed truck (10).

3. A downhole equipment hoisting system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The upper clamping mechanism comprises a first piston (201) and a group of first conical clips (202); a first piston lifting sleeve (208) is provided at the rod end of the jack (200); the first piston lifting sleeve (208) is provided outside the piston end of the jack (200) and is fixedly connected to the cylinder body of the rod end of the jack (200); the cylinder body of the first piston (201) is slidably installed in the first piston lifting sleeve (208), and the piston end face of the first piston (201) faces downward and is opposite to the piston end face of the jack (200); the first conical clip (202) is fixedly installed on the piston end face of the first piston (201) and is fixedly connected to the piston end face of the jack (200); A group of first tapered holes (203) matching the first tapered clip (202) are correspondingly opened on the piston end surface; the lower clamping mechanism comprises a second piston (204) and a group of second tapered clips (205); the cylinder body of the second piston (204) is fixedly connected to the cylinder body of the rodless end of the jack (200); a locking base (206) is provided on the rod end of the second piston (204); the second tapered clip (205) is fixed to the piston end surface of the second piston (204); and a group of second tapered holes (207) matching the second tapered clip (205) are correspondingly opened on one side of the locking base (206) adjacent to the piston end surface of the second piston (204); Each group of steel strand suspension ropes (13) is provided with one or more steel strands, and the number of the conical clips and the conical holes matches the number of the steel strands; each steel strand passes through the inner side of the first conical clip (202) and the second conical clip (205) corresponding to each other in sequence; when the first piston (201) extends downward, the first conical clip (202) is embedded in the corresponding first conical hole (203), and the upper clamping mechanism clamps the steel strand suspension rope (13), and when the first piston (201) is retracted upward, the upper clamping mechanism clamps the steel strand suspension rope (13). , the first conical clamp (202) is disengaged from the first conical hole (203), and the upper clamping mechanism releases the steel strand suspension rope (13); when the second piston (204) extends downward, the second conical clamp (205) is embedded in the corresponding second conical hole (207), and the lower clamping mechanism clamps the steel strand suspension rope (13); when the second piston is retracted upward, the second conical clamp (205) is disengaged from the second conical hole (207), and the lower clamping mechanism releases the steel strand suspension rope (13).

4. A downhole equipment hoisting system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The horizontal propulsion cylinder (8) is provided with two groups, which are respectively installed along the two translation rails (6), and the steel truss (7) is moved on the translation rails (6) by the extension of the two groups of horizontal propulsion cylinders (8); a plurality of reaction baffles (11) are installed at intervals on the translation rails (6), and the installation spacing of the reaction baffles (11) matches the stroke of the horizontal propulsion cylinder (8).

5. A downhole equipment hoisting system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The steel suspension beams (9) are provided with at least four, and are symmetrically erected in groups of two above the steel truss (7). Each steel suspension beam (9) is arranged along the direction of the translation track (6), and four groups of double-jointed channel steel suspension beams (14) are arranged on each group of steel suspension beams (9); the hydraulic lifting mechanism (2) is provided with four groups, which are respectively fixedly installed on the corresponding double-jointed channel steel suspension beams (14); the translation track (6) includes a channel steel track beam (600) and two horizontal rails (601) arranged along the length direction of the channel steel track beam (600), and the channel steel track beam (600) has a section every 10 to 12 meters, and each section is connected by high-strength bolts; the reaction baffle (11) is fixedly installed between the two horizontal rails (601), and the height of the reaction baffle (11) is lower than or equal to the height of the horizontal rail (601), and is lower than the height of the bottom surface of the steel truss (7).

6. A downhole equipment hoisting system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A temporary support (12) formed by a 48 mm diameter steel pipe is provided above the steel hanging beam (9); the steel truss (7) is a square frame structure formed by connecting vertical columns and beams through high-strength bolts, wherein the cross-sectional area of ​​the hollow area matches the wellhead of the well pit (1); steel diagonal braces and horizontal braces are provided on each side of the steel truss (7); a vertical support is provided on the upper half of the side parallel to the translation track (6); and all supports, columns and beams of the steel truss (7) are connected and fixed by high-strength bolts.

7. The underground equipment hoisting system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The retaining structure (100) of the pit (1) is an underground continuous wall or retaining piles; the underground construction equipment (4) is a large cylindrical, rectangular or square-shaped equipment with an overall weight of 50 to 400 tons; the size of the pit (1) is at least 500 mm larger than the outer contour size of the underground construction equipment (4) to be hoisted; a concrete support (5) is provided at the bottom of the translation track (6); the height of the concrete support (5) is equal to or higher than the height of the transport flatbed truck (10); the bearing capacity of the concrete support (5) is greater than the total weight of the underground construction equipment (4) and the hoisting system, and a load safety factor of at least 1.2 times is reserved.

8. A method for hoisting underground equipment, characterized in that: The hoisting method uses the underground equipment hoisting system according to any one of claims 1 to 7 to hoist the underground construction equipment, and transports it with a flatbed transport vehicle. The specific hoisting steps of the method are as follows: S1. One month before preparing to hoist the underground construction equipment, clean the ground around the pit, construct two rows of concrete support foundations on both sides of the pit mouth, and install translation tracks on each row of concrete support foundations after the concrete support foundations reach the designed strength; S2. Install the steel truss, steel hanging beam, hydraulic lifting mechanism, steel strand hanging rope, horizontal propulsion cylinder and supporting hydraulic system and electrical circuit above the translation track from bottom to top, and assemble the entire lifting system; wherein, the hydraulic lifting mechanism has at least two groups, which are fixedly installed on the steel hanging beam above the top of the steel truss, and each group of hydraulic lifting mechanism is equipped with a group of steel strand hanging rope; S3. The hoisting bracket is hoisted to the bottom of the well, and the underground construction equipment is moved as a whole to the hoisting bracket in the tunnel, and each set of steel strand ropes is straightened and effectively connected to the hoisting bracket to form at least two sets of symmetrically arranged lifting points; S4. Control at least two sets of hydraulic lifting mechanisms to work simultaneously, and lift the hoisting bracket carrying the underground construction equipment to a position above the wellhead of the well pit; the lifting process of each set of hydraulic lifting mechanisms is: control the jack to deliver pressure oil to push the piston of the jack to move up and down, when the jack piston extends upward, the upper clamping mechanism set at the top of the piston clamps the steel strand rope, so that the underground construction equipment moves upward together; when the jack piston contracts downward, the lower clamping mechanism set at the rodless end of the jack clamps the steel strand rope to ensure that the heavy object stays safely and reliably in the new position, and at the same time, the upper clamping mechanism set at the top of the jack piston releases the steel strand rope, and the piston resets to prepare for the next stroke lifting; the hydraulic lifting mechanism repeats the above process cyclically to complete the lifting process of the underground construction equipment; S5. After the hoisting bracket is lifted above the wellhead, it is suspended in the air for 10-30 seconds, and the horizontal propulsion cylinder of the steel truss is started, so that the steel truss drives the hoisting bracket and the underground construction equipment to move slowly horizontally along the translation track to the ground outside the pit; S6. Push the flatbed transport vehicle to the bottom of the lifting bracket, control the hydraulic lifting mechanism to lower the lifting bracket carrying the underground construction equipment onto the flatbed transport vehicle, untie the steel strand lifting rope and the lifting bracket, and transport the underground construction equipment to the destination via the flatbed transport vehicle.

9. A method for hoisting underground equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the step S4, four groups of hydraulic lifting mechanisms are provided, and four lifting points are evenly distributed on both sides of the lifting bracket. At the same time, the four groups of hydraulic lifting mechanisms are controlled to work synchronously to lift the lifting bracket carrying the underground construction equipment. The upper clamping mechanism of each group of hydraulic lifting mechanisms includes a first piston and a group of first conical clips fixedly installed on the piston end face of the first piston, a first piston lifting sleeve is provided at the rod end of the jack, and a group of first conical holes matching the first conical clips are correspondingly opened on the piston end face of the jack; the lower clamping mechanism includes a second piston and a group of second conical clips fixed on the piston end face of the second piston, a locking base is provided at the rod end of the second piston, and a group of second conical holes matching the second conical clips are correspondingly opened on the locking base; the jack, the first piston and the second piston of each group of hydraulic lifting mechanisms are individually provided with a hydraulic control system, and the control process of each group of hydraulic lifting mechanisms is as follows: ① The lifting process of underground construction equipment is as follows: the rodless cavity of the upper first piston is controlled to flow oil, the piston rod of the first piston extends out of the piston cavity, the first conical clip at the piston end is embedded in the first conical hole corresponding to the piston end of the jack, and the steel strand lifting rope is clamped; at the same time, the rod cavity of the lower second piston is controlled to flow oil, the piston rod of the second piston is contracted upward, the second conical clip is disengaged from the second conical hole, and the clamping of the steel strand lifting rope is released; then the jack is started, the rodless cavity of the jack is controlled to flow oil, the piston of the jack is pressurized and gradually rises, and the piston rises to lift the underground construction equipment; ②After the first stage of lifting process is completed, it is necessary to carry out the no-load lowering process, so that the jack piston returns to its original position, and then carry out the second lifting process; The specific process of no-load lowering is as follows: oil is controlled to flow into the rod chamber of the first piston, the piston rod of the first piston contracts upward, the first conical clip is separated from the first conical hole, and the clamping of the steel strand rope is released; at the same time, oil is controlled to flow into the rodless chamber of the second piston, the piston rod of the second piston extends downward, driving the second conical clip to embed into the second conical hole, and clamping the steel strand rope; then the jack is started, and oil is controlled to flow into the rod chamber of the jack, so that the piston of the jack is gradually retracted, and the piston contracts to complete the reset and prepare for the next stroke lifting. During this process, the steel strand rope will not move downward because it is clamped by the second conical clip; ③ When the underground construction equipment is lifted to a predetermined height and the weight needs to be fine-tuned and lowered, the piston of the jack is at a position where the cylinder is almost fully extended. At this time, the load lowering process is carried out: the rodless cavity of the first piston is controlled to flow oil, and the piston rod of the first piston extends out of the piston cavity. The first conical clip at the piston end is embedded in the first conical hole corresponding to the piston end of the jack, and the steel strand lifting rope is clamped; at the same time, the rod cavity of the second piston at the bottom is controlled to flow oil, and the piston rod of the second piston is retracted upward, so that the second conical clip is disengaged from the second conical hole, and the steel strand lifting rope is released. Clamping the stranded wire rope; starting the jack, controlling the oil inlet into the rod chamber of the jack, the piston of the jack contracts downward, and the underground construction equipment is driven to descend; when the jack is close to the position of fully retracted cylinder, controlling the oil inlet into the rodless chamber of the second piston, the piston rod of the second piston extends downward, driving the second conical clamping piece to be embedded in the second conical hole, clamping the stranded wire rope, and at the same time controlling the oil inlet into the rod chamber of the first piston, the piston rod of the first piston contracts upward, the first conical clamping piece is separated from the first conical hole, and the clamping of the stranded wire rope is released; Start the jack, control the oil flow into the rodless chamber of the jack, and extend the piston of the jack back to its position to prepare for the next stage of the load lowering process; repeat the above process to realize the jack's driving the underground construction equipment to lower and adjust the process.

10. A method for hoisting underground equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that: The installation height of the translation track is equal to or higher than the height of the transport flatbed truck, and the translation track extends horizontally to the area outside the pit, and the flatbed truck is placed between the two translation tracks; the hoisting bracket is lifted to a suspended position higher than the translation track by a hydraulic lifting mechanism, and the steel truss is moved to above the flatbed truck along the translation track through multiple thrusts; a plurality of reaction baffles are fixedly arranged on the translation track, and the spacing between adjacent reaction baffles matches the single thrust stroke of the horizontal thrust cylinder, and the piston end of the horizontal thrust cylinder is fixedly connected to the steel truss, and each thrust process of the horizontal thrust cylinder is to fix the cylinder body of the horizontal thrust cylinder on the reaction baffle, control the horizontal thrust cylinder to be fully extended, and push the steel truss to move along the translation track, and the single movement distance is equal to the single thrust stroke of the horizontal thrust cylinder.

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