Electromagnetic ammunition supply device and ammunition loading assembly thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an electromagnetic ammunition supply device and an ammunition loading assembly thereof, relates to the field of electromagnetic launchers, and aims to improve the ammunition supply speed and the ammunition supply reliability. The bullet loading device comprises a bullet loading assembly and a magazine, the magazine is used for containing shots with ferromagnetism and preparing a first shot to a bullet loading position, and a bullet loading channel is coaxial with the first shot located at the bullet loading position. A bullet loading channel is formed in the bullet loading assembly, and the bullet loading assembly is used for pushing a first bullet, located at a bullet loading position, in the magazine to a designated position along the bullet loading channel through a magnetic field; a magnetic field generated by an electromagnetic coil of the bullet loading assembly is conducted to the two axial opposite sides of the bullet loading channel through a magnetizer, so that when a first bullet exists in the bullet loading position, a magnetic circuit is closed through the first bullet. The electromagnetic coil does not need to be arranged adjacent to the magazine, the magazine is allowed to be far away from the electromagnetic coil, reverse friction force or magnetic attraction force of the first bullet is relieved or avoided, and the bullet supply speed and reliability are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of electromagnetic launchers, in particular to an electromagnetic ammunition feeding device and an ammunition loading assembly thereof. Background Art

[0002] Before the electromagnetic launcher uses the acceleration coil to launch the projectile from the barrel, it is necessary to first push the projectile from the loading position in the magazine to the designated position. The designated position is the initial position of the acceleration section. This process is called loading, and the corresponding facility is called a feeding device. The electromagnetic feeding device is a common feeding device, which uses an electromagnetic field for loading.

[0003] The currently known electromagnetic feeding device uses the electromagnetic coil of the loading assembly to suck the projectile out of the magazine, and the loading position of the magazine is arranged adjacent to the electromagnetic coil of the loading assembly. The key structure of the feeding device is as follows Figure 1 shown.

[0004] The magnetic field energy conversion efficiency of the feeding device of this structure is high. However, on the one hand, the projectile needs to be close enough to the electromagnetic coil to obtain sufficient feeding force, and the projectile is contained in the magazine, which requires the magazine to be close enough to the electromagnetic coil. Then the electromagnetic coil and the magazine are prone to interference, which limits the installation space of the magazine and brings difficulties to the structural design of the magazine. In addition, under the action of the magnetic field of the electromagnetic coil, the projectile at the loading position will be subject to the magnetic attraction of the adjacent projectiles, which increases the friction force or the magnetic attraction opposite to the loading direction of the projectile during loading, reduces the acceleration of the electromagnetic coil magnetic field acting on the projectile at the loading position, affects the feeding speed, and may cause jamming in severe cases, reducing the feeding reliability. In addition, if the magnetic attraction of the projectile at the loading position is increased by increasing the current of the electromagnetic coil, the magnetic attraction between adjacent projectiles will also increase at the same time. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide an electromagnetic ammunition feeding device and its loading assembly to improve the ammunition feeding speed and reliability in order to solve all or part of the above-mentioned problems.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A loading assembly is formed with a loading channel, and the loading assembly is used to push a first projectile located at a loading position in a magazine along the loading channel to a designated position through a magnetic field;

[0008] The loading assembly includes an electromagnet, which includes a magnetizer and an electromagnetic coil. The magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic coil is transmitted to the opposite sides of the loading channel axially through the magnetizer, so that when a first projectile is present at the loading position, the magnetic circuit is closed through the first projectile.

[0009] Optionally, the magnetic conductor includes at least two sections of sub-magnetic conductors, and the two sections of sub-magnetic conductors respectively have an end portion located on opposite sides of the axial direction of the loading channel.

[0010] Optionally, the electromagnetic coil includes a first coil, and the first coil surrounds the loading channel; the two sections of the sub-magnetic conductors are respectively embedded in opposite sides of the first coil.

[0011] Optionally, the electromagnetic coil includes a second coil and a third coil, and the second coil and the third coil are respectively wrapped around two sections of the sub-magnetic conductor.

[0012] Optionally, the magnetic conductor is an integrated structure.

[0013] Optionally, the magnetic conductor half surrounds the loading channel, and two ends of the magnetic conductor are respectively located on opposite sides of the loading channel in the axial direction.

[0014] Optionally, the magnetic conductor completely surrounds the loading channel, and the magnetic conductor is arranged at a position where the air gap is smallest when the first projectile is in the loading position.

[0015] Optionally, the loading assembly further includes a sixth coil, the sixth coil is located on a side of the electromagnet away from the magazine, and the sixth coil is coaxially arranged with the loading channel.

[0016] The present invention also provides an electromagnetic feeding device, which includes a magazine and the above-mentioned loading assembly, wherein the magazine is used to accommodate ferromagnetic projectiles and prepare a first projectile to a loading position, and the loading channel is coaxial with the first projectile located at the loading position.

[0017] Optionally, the magazine prepares the first projectile to the loading position from the side or axial direction of the loading channel.

[0018] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0019] The loading assembly of the present invention abandons the scheme of using the magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic coil in free space to load bullets in the prior art, and adopts the scheme of applying the magnetic field from both sides of the projectile, and uses the magnetic conductor to conduct the magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic coil to both sides of the projectile, completes the closure of the magnetic circuit through the projectile, and applies the bullet-feeding force toward the loading channel to the projectile. The present invention does not need to arrange the electromagnetic coil and the magazine in close proximity, and the method of conducting the magnetic field through the magnetic conductor allows the magazine to be far away from the electromagnetic coil, reducing the requirements for the magazine structure. In addition, while achieving the effective application of the bullet-feeding force to the projectile at the loading position, the magnetic attraction caused by the magnetic field conducted to the adjacent projectile is reduced, thereby reducing or avoiding the reverse friction or magnetic attraction, improving the acceleration of the projectile acted on by the electromagnetic coil, improving the bullet-feeding efficiency, allowing the projectile to enter the barrel more smoothly, preventing the occurrence of bullet jams, and improving the bullet-feeding reliability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The present invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0021] Figure 1 It is the core structural diagram of the existing electromagnetic ammunition feeding device.

[0022] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Magnetic induction intensity distribution diagram of the structural electromagnetic ammunition feeding device.

[0023] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Force diagram of the projectile.

[0024] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Contact pressure diagram of each projectile under a certain state.

[0025] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of a loading assembly using a segmented magnetic conductor in one embodiment.

[0026] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Example: Contact pressure diagram of a projectile under a certain state.

[0027] Figure 7 , Figure 8 They are structural diagrams of two other embodiments of the bullet loading assembly using a segmented magnetic conductor.

[0028] Figure 9(a) is a structural diagram of a bullet loading assembly using a semi-enclosed structure magnetic conductor in one embodiment. Figure 9(b) and Figure 9(c) are respectively a magnetic induction intensity distribution diagram and a projectile force diagram under this embodiment.

[0029] Figure 10(a) is a structural diagram of a bullet loading assembly using a semi-enclosed structure magnetic conductor in another embodiment. Figure 10(b) is a force diagram of the projectile in this embodiment.

[0030] Fig.11 It is a structural diagram of a multiplexed semi-enclosed structure magnetic conductor in one embodiment.

[0031] Figure 12(a) is a structural diagram of a bullet loading assembly using a semi-enclosed structure magnetic conductor in another embodiment. Figures 12(b) and 12(c) are respectively a magnetic induction intensity distribution diagram and a projectile force diagram in this embodiment.

[0032] Fig.13 , Fig.14 , Fig.15 They are structural diagrams of the loading assembly using a fully enclosed structure magnetic conductor in three embodiments.

[0033] Fig.16 This is a schematic diagram of axial ammunition supply.

[0034] In the figure, 1 is the first projectile, 2 is the second projectile, 3 is the third projectile, 4 is the first coil, 5 is the magnetizer, 51 is the first sub-magnetizer, 52 is the second sub-magnetizer, 53 is the first end, 54 is the second end, 55 is the third end, 56 is the fourth end, 57 is the support arm, 58 is the downward pressure coil, 6 is the second coil, 7 is the third coil, 8 is the fourth coil, 9 is the fifth coil, 10 is the air gap, 11 is the sixth coil, and 12 is the barrel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] All features disclosed in this specification, or steps in all methods or processes disclosed, except mutually exclusive features and / or steps, can be combined in any manner.

[0036] Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any additional claims and abstract), unless otherwise stated, may be replaced by other equivalent or alternative features having similar purposes. That is, unless otherwise stated, each feature is only an example of a series of equivalent or similar features.

[0037] The structure of a typical electromagnetic ammunition feeding device is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, a loading channel is formed by the cavity in the middle of the first coil 4, and the top position of the magazine is the loading position. The first projectile 1 at this position is coaxial with the loading channel. The magnetic field generated by the first coil 4 acts on the first projectile 1 at the loading position, and a magnetic attraction force toward the loading channel is generated on the first projectile 1, thereby accelerating the first projectile 1 from a stationary state to pass through the cavity of the first coil 4 and enter the acceleration section.

[0038] In the above electromagnetic feeding device, it is assumed that the magazine 12 is loaded with 5 projectiles, namely the first projectile 1, the second projectile 2, the third projectile 3..., and the size of the projectiles is Φ8*20mm, and the material is 10 steel. The initial spacing between the front surface of the projectile and the rear surface of the first coil 4 is 2mm, and the loading position at this time is located on the extension line of the loading channel. The first coil 4 is a circular copper coil with specifications of an inner diameter of 10mm, an outer diameter of 20mm, and a length of 5mm. A current of 10 kiloampere-turns (kAt) is passed through the coil. Figure 2 As shown, the left side shows the situation when the first projectile 1 advances -3mm, and the right side shows the situation when it advances 15mm. Figure 2 As shown, the first projectile 1 transmits a larger magnetic field to the second projectile 2, so the first projectile 1 will be subjected to a larger magnetic attraction force from the second projectile 2 in the X-axis direction. When the projectile is accelerated in the Z-axis direction, the magnetic attraction force will form a friction force that affects the acceleration effect of the projectile.

[0039] like Figure 3 It shows the force variation diagram of the first projectile 1 to the third projectile 3 in the Z-axis and X-axis directions without considering the force of the magazine 12 on the projectiles. Figure 3 In the figure, the six curves represent the forces on the first projectile 1 to the third projectile 3 in the X-axis and Z-axis directions. In the figure, the "1X" curve represents the force on the first projectile 1 in the X-axis direction, and the "1Z" curve represents the force on the first projectile 1 in the Z-axis direction, and the other curves are similar. Among them, the "1Z" curve is the "supply force" that drives the first projectile 1 to accelerate. Figure 3 In the figure, the horizontal axis represents the distance that the first projectile 1 moves forward based on the "loading position" (i.e., the initial position). For example, when the horizontal axis is 5 mm, it means that the front surface of the No. 1 projectile is 3 mm in front of the rear surface of the first coil 4 (minus the 2 mm distance from the first coil 4 at the initial time). Figure 3 As shown, when the first projectile 1 is in the loading position, the distance between the front surface of the projectile and the rear surface of the electromagnetic coil is 2mm, and the first projectile 1 is subjected to a suction force of 26N. If the first projectile 1 moves backward to -3mm, the distance between the front surface of the projectile and the coil is 5mm, and this force is reduced to 5.6N. That is, the feeding force will decrease sharply as the distance between the projectile and the electromagnetic coil increases. Therefore, the electromagnetic coil needs to be very close to the ferromagnetic part of the projectile to generate enough electromagnetic force to suck the projectile out of the magazine, which poses a challenge to the design of the magazine structure. If you want to increase the feeding force of the projectile in the loading position, the design difficulty and cost of the magazine structure will increase exponentially. Especially when the front end of the projectile is sharpened or provided with non-ferromagnetic components, the ferromagnetic part of the projectile will be farther away from the electromagnetic coil, and the electromagnetic coil will have a smaller feeding force on the projectile.

[0040] In addition, under the action of the first coil 4, the first to third pellets 1 to 3 are subjected to a large force in the X-axis direction. Taking the first pellet 1 as an example, it will be subjected to a maximum electromagnetic force of 51N downward (-X-axis direction), and the friction force of the first pellet 1 on the second pellet 2 cannot be ignored. Figure 4 The figure shows the contact pressure between the projectiles when the first projectile 1 moves 5 mm without considering the spring force of the magazine. At this time, the first projectile 1 is subjected to the magnetic attraction force of 232.9 N of the second projectile. In extreme cases, the electromagnetic force in the -X axis direction on the first projectile 1 will make it impossible for the first coil 4 to pull the projectile out of the magazine 12, causing a jam. Although the feeding force of the first coil 4 on the first projectile 1 is usually sufficient to pull it to accelerate along the Z axis, it is worth noting that since the projectile will be subjected to multi-directional forces when it is accelerated, and the forces will change with the distance the projectile moves, it will seriously affect the acceleration of the projectile, making the initial velocity of the projectile entering the acceleration section unstable, affecting the reliability of feeding.

[0041] In order to solve the problems of increased difficulty in magazine design caused by the need to design the electromagnetic coil of the loading assembly and the projectile at the loading position to be very close in the typical structure, and poor feeding speed and reliability caused by the electromagnetic coil of the loading assembly in the typical structure causing the second projectile 23 to produce a large magnetic attraction force on the first projectile 1, the embodiments of the present application provide a loading assembly to avoid or alleviate the above problems through the design of the loading assembly.

[0042] According to an embodiment of the present application, a loading channel is formed on the loading assembly, and the loading channel is connected to the loading position on the magazine. The loading assembly is used to push the first projectile 1 located at the loading position in the magazine to a designated position along the loading channel through a magnetic field. The loading assembly includes an electromagnet, and the electromagnet includes a magnetizer 5 and an electromagnetic coil. The magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic coil is transmitted to the opposite sides of the axial direction of the loading channel through the magnetizer 5, so that when the first projectile 1 is present at the loading position, the magnetic circuit is closed through the first projectile 1. In this way, when the electromagnetic coil is energized, the magnetic field generated will act on the first projectile 1 through the magnetizer 5, thereby applying a feeding force toward the loading channel on the first projectile 1, and pushing the first projectile 1 through the loading channel into the acceleration section.

[0043] By applying a magnetic field to the first projectile 1 from the side of the loading position through the magnetic conductor 5, compared with the method of directly applying a magnetic field to the first projectile 1 from the front through the electromagnetic coil, it is not necessary to design the electromagnetic coil close to the magazine, and the problem of increased difficulty in magazine design caused by the interference of the electromagnetic coil with the magazine position is eliminated. In addition, the magnetic conductor 5 applies a magnetic field to the first projectile 1 from the side, which can greatly reduce the conduction of the magnetic field to the second projectile 2, thereby reducing the magnetic attraction of the second projectile 2 to the first projectile 1, reducing the friction force on the first projectile 1 when loading, and improving the feeding speed and feeding reliability.

[0044] In some embodiments, the magnetizer 5 includes at least two sections of magnetizers 5, the two sections of magnetizers 5 form a pair, and the two sections of magnetizers 5 each have two ends, and the two sections of magnetizers 5 each have an end located on opposite sides of the axial direction of the loading channel, one side of each section of the magnetizer 5.

[0045] In a feasible embodiment, the electromagnetic coil is still arranged from the front side of the first projectile 1. The difference is that it does not directly approach the first projectile 1 to suck it out, but its magnetic field acts on the first projectile 1 from the side through two sections of magnetic conductors 5 to suck it out. Therefore, the first coil 4 can be slightly far away from the loading position (such as more than 2mm), and the gap left in between is sufficient to allow the magazine to be designed conventionally.

[0046] like Figure 5 As shown, the electromagnetic coil includes a first coil 4, which surrounds the loading channel; two sub-magnetic conductors 5 are respectively embedded on opposite sides of the first coil 4. The two-terminal magnetizers 5 are, for example, the first sub-magnetizer 51 and the second sub-magnetizer 52. The two ends of the first sub-magnetizer 51 are respectively referred to as the first end 53 and the second end 54, and the two ends of the second sub-magnetizer 52 are respectively referred to as the third end 55 and the fourth end 56. The two-terminal magnetizers 5 are both U-shaped and symmetrically embedded on the left and right outer sides of the axial direction of the first coil 4. Of course, it is not necessarily required to be at this position, and it can also be rotated around the axial direction of the first coil 4 by a certain angle based on this position. The first end 53 of the first sub-magnetizer 51 and the third end 55 of the second sub-magnetizer 52 are respectively located on opposite sides of the axial direction of the loading channel. And, as a feasible, simple and effective embodiment, the second end 54 of the first sub-magnetizer 51 and the fourth end 56 of the second sub-magnetizer 52 are also respectively located on opposite sides of the axial direction of the loading channel. The magnetic field generated after the first coil 4 is energized, and the magnetic flux lines are bypassed by the sub-magnetizers 5 on both sides. The suction forces generated by the two sections of sub-magnetizers 5 in the axial direction of the non-loading channel when bypassing the magnetic flux lines are just opposite in direction and can offset each other, and no new force will be generated in the X-axis direction.

[0047] like Figure 6 Shown Figure 5 In the embodiment, the force of each bullet in the magazine is not considered when the first bullet 1 moves 5 mm. Figure 6 It can be seen that the contact pressure of the first projectile 1 on the second projectile 2 is reduced to 17.9, which is almost equivalent to Figure 1The friction force of the first projectile 1 is greatly improved, and it is found through experiments that the elastic force of the first projectile 1 is also improved. And this is only the effect of using a pair of sub-magnetic conductors. If more pairs of sub-magnetic conductors are used, the effect of improving the elastic force of the first projectile 1 and reducing the contact pressure of the second projectile 2 will be more significant. The shape, structure and number of the sub-magnetic conductors 5 can be flexibly designed according to the actual situation. This embodiment is only an example.

[0048] In the above embodiment, the first coil 4 is surrounded by the sub-magnetic conductor 5, while in another feasible embodiment, the sub-magnetic conductor 5 is wrapped by the electromagnetic coil. Specifically, the electromagnetic coil includes the second coil 6 and the third coil 7, and the second coil 6 and the third coil 7 are respectively wrapped around two sections of the sub-magnetic conductor 5. For example, the sub-magnetic conductor 5 pair still includes the first sub-magnetic conductor 51 and the second sub-magnetic conductor 52, the second coil 6 is wrapped around the first sub-magnetic conductor 51, and the third coil 7 is wrapped around the second sub-magnetic conductor 52.

[0049] like Figure 7 As shown, the first end 53 of the first sub-magnetic conductor 51 and the third end 55 of the second sub-magnetic conductor 52 are respectively located on opposite sides of the axial direction of the loading channel, and the first end 53 and the third end 55 are both connected to the loading channel with a support arm 57, the second coil 6 is wrapped around the support arm 57 connected to the first end 53, and the third coil 7 is wrapped around the support arm 57 connected to the third end 55. In this way, the second coil 6 and the third coil 7 can be as close to the first projectile 1 as possible, thereby improving the supply force acting on the first projectile 1.

[0050] In other similar embodiments, the first end 53 and the third end 55 are not connected to the support arm 57, and the second coil 6 and the third coil 7 are respectively wrapped around the middle of the two ends or the other end of the sub-magnetic conductor 5. Figure 8 The diagram shows a schematic diagram of a second coil 6 being wrapped between a first end 53 and a second end 54, and a third coil 7 being wrapped between a third end 55 and a fourth end 56. Alternatively, only one of the first end 53 and the third end 55 may be connected to a support arm 57. In this case, referring to the above embodiment, the sub-magnetizer 5 with the support arm 57 is wrapped with a coil on the support arm 57, and the sub-magnetizer 5 without the support arm 57 is wrapped with a coil at an end or in the middle.

[0051] For the embodiment in which the electromagnetic coil is wrapped around two sections of sub-magnetizers 5, no matter which implementation method is adopted, the second end 54 of the first sub-magnetizer 51 and the fourth end 56 of the second sub-magnetizer 52 complete the magnetic circuit closure outside the loading position. One great advantage of this design is that the second coil 6 and the third coil 7 can be electromagnetic coils that share other facilities, for example, the second coil 6 is wrapped around the second end 54 of the first sub-magnetizer 51 and the third coil 7 is wrapped around the fourth end 56 of the second sub-magnetizer 52; or, the magnetic field of the second coil 6 and the third coil 7 can be transmitted to other facilities through the two sections of sub-magnetizers 5 for reuse, for example, the second coil 6 is wrapped around the first end 53 of the first sub-magnetizer 51 and the third coil 7 is wrapped around the third end 55 of the second sub-magnetizer 52. If there is another ferromagnetic element between the second end 54 and the fourth end 56, the magnetic field of the second coil 6 and the third coil 7 completes the magnetic circuit closure through the ferromagnetic element and applies a force to the ferromagnetic element. In this way, the overall design quantity of the electromagnetic coil and the magnetizer 5 can be reduced, and the weight of the electromagnetic transmitter can be reduced.

[0052] In other embodiments, the magnetizer 5 is an integrated structure. This corresponds to the segmented structure of the magnetizer 5. The segmented magnetizer 5 means that in addition to the first projectile 1 at the loading position, magnetizers (such as projectiles at other positions, the first projectile 1 at other positions, or other magnetic conductive materials) are also required to complete the magnetic circuit closure at other positions; while the integrated structure means that only the first projectile 1 is required to complete the magnetic circuit closure at the loading position, and the magnetic circuit closure is completed by itself at other positions. In other words, the integrated structure does not require the magnetizer 5 to be a fully connected structure, and it can be spliced ​​from multiple sections of sub-magnetizers 5, for example, by docking two sections of U-shaped, E-shaped or C-shaped sub-magnetizers 5, or by connecting a group of EI-type magnetizers 5.

[0053] The integrally structured magnetic conductor 5 is arranged at the position where the air gap 10 is the smallest with respect to the first projectile 1 at the loading position, so that when the first projectile 1 is present at the loading position, the magnetic circuit is closed through the first projectile 1 .

[0054] In a possible implementation manner, the magnetic conductor 5 half surrounds the loading channel, and two ends of the magnetic conductor 5 are respectively located on two opposite sides of the loading channel in the axial direction.

[0055] This embodiment is based on the above-mentioned segmented embodiment using two segments of sub-magnetizers 5, and connects the second end 54 of the first sub-magnetizer 51 and the fourth end 56 of the second sub-magnetizer 52. It should be noted that the connection here refers to direct magnetic circuit closure, which can be achieved by physical connection, or by designing the distance between the two ends to be very close to achieve direct magnetic circuit closure, or on the basis of the two sub-magnetizers 5, another segment of magnetizer 5 is very close to the second end 54 of the first sub-magnetizer 51 and the fourth end 56 of the second sub-magnetizer 522 to achieve direct magnetic circuit closure.

[0056] In a feasible implementation manner, the magnetizer 5 half surrounds the loading channel, presenting a U-shaped or C-shaped structure, and two ends of the magnetizer 5 are respectively located at opposite sides of the axial direction of the loading channel.

[0057] In this type of implementation, as shown in FIG9( a), Figure 7 Based on the embodiment, the second end 54 of the first sub-magnetizer 51 and the fourth end 56 of the second sub-magnetizer 522 are connected. In this embodiment, it is assumed that the size of the projectile is Φ8*20mm, and the material of the projectile and the iron core 5 are both 10 steel. The two coils are square ring-shaped copper coils, and the current is 5kAt, totaling 10kAt. At this time, the resistance loss power of the electromagnetic coil is 3.1kW. The magnetic induction intensity distribution diagram when the first projectile 1 advances 6.5mm is shown in Figure 9(b), where the left side is the z=5mm plane, the gap between the iron core and the projectile is 1mm, and the right side is the ZOX plane; the force conditions of each projectile are shown in Figure 9(c). Or, as shown in Figure 10(a), in Figure 8 Based on the embodiment, the second end 54 of the first sub-magnetic conductor 51 and the fourth end 56 of the second sub-magnetic conductor 522 are connected. The force conditions of each projectile in this embodiment are shown in FIG. 10( b ).

[0058] It should be noted that the two ends of the so-called magnet 5 are respectively located on opposite sides of the axial direction of the loading channel, which does not mean that the two ends of the magnet 5 are terminated at the loading channel, and it can also continue to extend to other positions. However, no matter what its structure is, when there is a first projectile 1 at the loading position, the magnetic circuit of the magnet 5 is closed through the first projectile 1.

[0059] Similar to the above embodiment using a segmented magnetic conductor, in this implementation, the magnetic conductor 5 can also be reused with other facilities.

[0060] In one feasible implementation, the first sub-magnetic conductor 51 and the second sub-magnetic conductor 52 are connected above or below the loading channel (if they are segmented, they are not connected), such as Fig.11The diagram shown is connected below the loading channel, and on the first sub-magnetic conductor 51 and the second sub-magnetic conductor 52, they extend to the two sides of the position of the second projectile 2 in the direction of the magazine, and the end of the extended part is respectively wrapped with a pressing coil 58 (if it is a segmented type, there may be no pressing coil 58). In this way, through the magnetic conductor extending to the magazine and the wrapped pressing coil 58, when the pressing coil 58 is energized, a downward pressure in the direction away from the first projectile 1 can be applied to the second projectile 2. At this time, the first coil 6 and the coil 7 are responsible for accelerating the first projectile 1 from the loading position toward the barrel 12, which reduces the friction of the first projectile 1 during acceleration and improves the loading speed and reliability. In this way, the magnetic conductor originally used to press down the second projectile 2 is reused with the magnetic conductor 5 used for loading in this embodiment. And the integrated structure of the two is also convenient for installation and layout.

[0061] In this type of implementation, there is another feasible implementation. As shown in Figure 12(a), the electromagnetic coil only includes one coil, which is wrapped around the middle of the magnetizer 5. In this implementation, assuming that the size of the projectile is still Φ8*20mm, the material of the projectile and the magnetizer 5 is 10 steel, the current of the coil is 10kAt, and the coil resistance loss power is 3.3kW. The magnetizer 5 is designed to be U-shaped, and the magnetic induction intensity distribution diagram when the first projectile 1 advances 6.5mm is shown in Figure 12(b). The left side is the z=5mm plane, the gap between the iron core and the projectile is 1mm, and the right side is the ZOX plane; the force conditions of each projectile are shown in Figure 12(c). The magnetizer 5 here can be formed by connecting the two-terminal magnetizer 5 through the coil, or the coil can be wrapped around the integrally formed magnetizer 5.

[0062] The segmented or semi-enclosed magnetic conductor 5 can reserve sufficient space for the design of magazines or other mechanical structures to improve the flexibility and integration of the electromagnetic transmitter structure layout. It has the following advantages:

[0063] 1) Fewer structural conflicts.

[0064] The existing design method needs to ensure that the projectile at the top of the magazine is close enough to the first coil 4, and the projectile is as far forward as possible in the magazine, otherwise the force of the first coil 4 on the projectile will be greatly reduced. Since the first coil 4 is wrapped around the loading channel, it is easy to interfere with the magazine in the entire circumference, so it is necessary to ensure that the magazine arm is thin enough, and its optional installation position is also extremely limited.

[0065] In the above embodiment, the gap of the magnetizer 5 reserves enough space for the installation of the magazine, and the magazine can be flexibly installed and designed without having to design the magazine wall to be thin, and the magazine can even be directly inserted into the gap of the magnetizer 5. Moreover, even if the projectile head is sharpened or replaced with a non-ferromagnetic material, the feeding force can be improved by relatively moving the magnetizer 5 backward.

[0066] 2) Strong initial elastic force.

[0067] When the projectile is moving from a static state to a moving state, the feeding force required to overcome the static friction is greater than the dynamic friction to be overcome after the projectile leaves the static state. Therefore, the greater the feeding force in the static state (at the loading position), the better the loading effect. In the prior art, even if the magazine is installed close enough to the first coil 4, due to the thickness of the magazine's physical medium, it is impossible for the projectile to obtain the maximum feeding force that can be provided by the electromagnetic coil at the loading position.

[0068] In the above embodiment, since the interference area between the magnetic conductor 5 and the magazine is reduced, the loading channel can be connected to the loading position. At the loading position, the projectile can enter the loading channel, thereby obtaining the maximum feeding force of the electromagnetic coil at the initial position.

[0069] 3) Little interference in ammunition supply.

[0070] When the magnetic field of the first coil 4 in the prior art acts on the first projectile 1, the larger magnetic field will be transmitted to other adjacent projectiles, causing the other projectiles to exert a larger magnetic attraction on the first projectile 1, so that the first projectile 1 is subjected to a larger force in multiple directions. While weakening the acceleration of the first coil 4 on the projectile, it also introduces an unfavorable factor to the projectile feeding process, affecting the speed and reliability of feeding. In the above embodiment, the magnetic field of the electromagnetic coil acts on the projectile at the loading position from the side, and the magnetic attraction on other projectiles is very small, so that the feeding force of the electromagnetic coil on the projectile at the loading position is purer, reducing the impact of the unfavorable factors on feeding in the prior art, improving the acceleration of the electromagnetic coil on the projectile at the loading position, and improving the feeding speed and reliability.

[0071] In another embodiment, the magnetizer 5 can be designed to completely surround the loading channel. Similarly, the magnetizer 5 is arranged at a position where the air gap 10 is smallest when the first projectile 1 is at the loading position, so that when the first projectile 1 is present at the loading position, the magnetic circuit is closed by the first projectile 1.

[0072] The fully enclosed magnetizer 5 can be obtained by symmetrically mirroring the magnetizer 5 of the semi-enclosed embodiment described above.

[0073] like Fig.13As shown, the magnetizer 5 shown in FIG9 is mirrored symmetrically up and down around the arms 57 on both sides, and an O-shaped magnetizer 5 with two arms 57 on opposite sides of the middle is obtained. This structure can also be formed by connecting two E-shaped magnetizers 5 on the left and right, and the two arms 57 are respectively wrapped around the second coil 6 and the third coil 7. On this basis, one or two arms 57 can also be removed. When two arms 57 are removed, the following is obtained Fig.14 As shown in the O-shaped magnetic conductor 5, the coils wrapped around the magnetic conductor 5 can be the second coil 6 and the third coil 7 on the left and right sides, or the fourth coil 8 and the fifth coil 9 on the upper and lower sides.

[0074] Or, if Fig.15 As shown, in Fig.13 On the basis of the embodiment, no arm 57 is removed, but the second coil 6 and the third coil 7 are removed, and the fourth coil 8 and the fifth coil 9 are respectively wrapped around the upper and lower sides of the magnetic conductor 5. Of course, the second coil 6 and the third coil 7 are not removed, and the fourth coil 8 and the fifth coil 9 are added instead.

[0075] Regardless of the structure of the fully enclosed magnetizer 5 and how the coil is wrapped, when the first projectile 1 is present at the loading position of the magnetizer 5, the magnetic circuit is closed through the first projectile 1.

[0076] In the loading assembly of the above embodiment, in the case of designing multiple electromagnetic coils, the current direction of each electromagnetic coil needs to follow the principle of being conducive to accelerating the first projectile 1.

[0077] The loading assembly of the above embodiment is usually sufficient to suck out the first projectile 1 at the loading position. In order to further increase the loading speed, in some embodiments, the loading assembly is also designed with a continuous acceleration feeding strategy. A sixth coil 11 is also designed on the side of the electromagnet away from the magazine. The sixth coil 11 is coaxially arranged with the loading channel. For example, it can be Figure 5 The first coil 4 in the embodiment is directly translated to the side of the electromagnet away from the loading position to obtain the sixth coil 11, or the sixth coil 11 obtained by translating the first coil 4 is directly applied to the loading assembly in other embodiments. By designing the sixth coil 11, the first projectile 1 sucked out by the previous coil can be accelerated axially. In addition, although the sixth coil 11 does not use any magnetic conductor 5 to bypass the magnetic flux lines, since the first projectile 1 has been sucked out by the previous coil and the distance between the sixth coil 11 and the second projectile 2 is far enough, the second projectile 2 will not generate excessive magnetic attraction on the first projectile 1 due to the sixth coil 11.

[0078] The embodiment of the present application also provides an electromagnetic feeding device, which mainly includes a magazine and a loading assembly of the above embodiment. The magazine is used to accommodate ferromagnetic projectiles and prepare the first projectile 1 to the loading position. The first projectile 1 is the projectile currently in the magazine to be loaded. In the present application, all projectiles prepared to the loading position are called the first projectile 1, and the second projectile 2 is the projectile adjacent to the first projectile 1. The loading channel is coaxial with the first projectile 1 located at the loading position. In a preferred embodiment, the loading channel is connected to the loading position, that is, at least a part of the ferromagnetic part of the first projectile 1 is located between the magnetizers 5 on both sides, so that a larger feeding force can be obtained at the loading position. In addition, since the loading assembly provided in the embodiment of the present application can reserve sufficient installation space for the magazine, the magazine is designed to extend between the magnetizers 5 on both sides to achieve this effect.

[0079] In addition, the traditional magazine feeding method is to install the magazine from the top, bottom or side of the electromagnetic launcher, and the projectile is fed to the loading assembly from the side. The loading assembly in the embodiment of the present application can realize the loading of this feeding method. In addition, the embodiment of the present application also provides another feeding method - axial feeding, that is, the magazine prepares the first projectile 1 to the loading position from the axial direction of the loading channel, such as Fig.16 As shown, Fig.16 It is only used to describe the feeding direction, and the structure of the loading assembly is not shown. The loading assembly of this embodiment is also applicable to the loading of the axial feeding method. In addition, the axial feeding has another advantage that the second projectile 2 is loaded into the loading position synchronously when the first projectile 1 is loaded, without waiting for the first projectile 1 to be fully loaded, thereby shortening the loading interval between projectiles, increasing the loading speed, and providing a strong guarantee for increasing the shooting speed.

[0080] The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments, but extends to any new features or any new combination disclosed in this specification, as well as any new method or process steps or any new combination disclosed.

Claims

1. A loading assembly, formed with a loading channel, the loading assembly is used to push a first projectile located at a loading position in a magazine along the loading channel to a designated position through a magnetic field; characterized in that: The loading assembly includes an electromagnet, which includes a magnetizer and an electromagnetic coil. The magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic coil is transmitted to the opposite sides of the loading channel axially through the magnetizer, so that when a first projectile is present at the loading position, the magnetic circuit is closed through the first projectile.

2. The loading assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic conductor includes at least two sections of sub-magnetic conductors, and each of the two sections of sub-magnetic conductors has an end portion located on two opposite sides of the axial direction of the loading channel.

3. The loading assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: The electromagnetic coil comprises a first coil, and the first coil surrounds the loading channel; the two sections of the sub-magnetic conductors are respectively embedded in the opposite sides of the first coil.

4. The loading assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: The electromagnetic coil includes a second coil and a third coil, and the second coil and the third coil are respectively wrapped around two sections of the sub-magnetic conductor.

5. The loading assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic conductor is an integrated structure.

6. The loading assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that: The magnetic conductor half surrounds the loading channel, and two ends of the magnetic conductor are respectively located at two opposite sides of the loading channel in the axial direction.

7. The loading assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that: The magnetic conductor completely surrounds the loading channel, and the magnetic conductor is arranged at a position where the air gap is the smallest when the first projectile is at the loading position.

8. The loading assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The loading assembly also includes a sixth coil, which is located on a side of the electromagnet away from the magazine, and the sixth coil is coaxially arranged with the loading channel.

9. An electromagnetic ammunition feeding device, characterized in that: It comprises a magazine and a loading assembly as described in any one of claims 1-8, wherein the magazine is used to accommodate ferromagnetic projectiles and prepare a first projectile to a loading position, and the loading channel is coaxial with the first projectile located at the loading position.

10. The electromagnetic ammunition feeding device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The magazine prepares the first projectile to the loading position from the side or axial direction of the loading channel.

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