Application of small-molecule active peptide ring in enhancing plant immune function

Abstract

The invention discloses an application of a small-molecule active peptide ring in enhancing plant immune function, the small-molecule active peptide ring is a ring (valine-proline), the active peptide can efficiently trigger rice immune response, including release of active oxygen, deposition of callose and up-regulation of expression of immune related genes, and the active peptide ring can effectively trigger the immune response of rice. Therefore, the disease resistance of the rice is improved. Compared with a traditional chemical pesticide, the cyclo (valine-proline) serving as a biological agent has the characteristics of environmental friendliness and no chemical residue, and a new solution is provided for agricultural sustainable development.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of bioactive peptides and plant protection, in particular to a small molecule cyclic dipeptide and application of the active peptide in activating the immune function of rice. Background Art

[0002] During the agricultural planting process, crops are often attacked by plant pathogens, which not only seriously affects the quality and output of agricultural products, but also causes significant losses to agricultural production. At present, chemical drugs are widely used to control and prevent the invasion of plant pathogens. Although in the short term, chemical drugs are effective in preventing and controlling plant diseases, they also have some problems that cannot be ignored. First, plant pathogens can easily develop tolerance to these chemicals, which will gradually weaken the control effect of chemicals over time. Secondly, the widespread use of chemicals may lead to drug residues in agricultural products, which will not only damage the ecological environment, but also pose a threat to human health and increase production costs. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop safer and more efficient plant disease control technologies, which not only helps to improve the safety of agricultural products, but also is the key to meeting people's demand for environmentally friendly and healthy agricultural products.

[0003] Small molecule peptides play an increasingly important role in the field of plant protection due to their unique biological properties. As part of the plant immune system, they can directly or indirectly participate in the plant's defense mechanism against pathogens. For example, inducing systemic resistance, small molecule peptides can induce plants to produce systemic resistance, which is a long-term defense response of plants to pathogens. This resistance can be achieved by activating signal transduction pathways in plants. Small molecule peptides can also regulate plant growth. Some specific small molecule peptides can promote plant growth and enhance plant stress resistance, thereby indirectly improving plant resistance to diseases and pests. Due to the biological activity and specificity of small molecule peptides, they are also widely studied as new biopesticides and as plant immune activators to reduce the use of chemical pesticides and protect the environment and human health.

[0004] Plants have a sophisticated and efficient defense system that can resist the invasion of many pathogens. The immune activation technology developed using plant immune activators can trigger the plant's defense response and significantly reduce the incidence of diseases and their impact on crops. This approach helps reduce the use of agricultural chemicals, which not only reduces pollution to the environment, but also provides security for agricultural production.

[0005] The small molecule active peptide ring (valine-proline) discovered by the present invention has been further studied for its function, and its mechanism of inducing plant resistance has been explored, revealing its role in stimulating plant defense response. At present, there is no literature report on using the ring (valine-proline) as an inducer to stimulate plant immune response in the interaction between plants and microorganisms. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above technical problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an application of a small molecule active peptide ring in enhancing plant immune function. The present invention utilizes a small molecule active peptide ring (valine-proline), which can not only efficiently trigger the host's immune response, including the release of reactive oxygen species, the deposition of callose, and the up-regulation of the expression of immune-related genes, but also maintain the host in a "alert" state. This state is conducive to improving the host's disease resistance, and resisting subsequent pathogen invasion (such as rice blast fungus) in an efficient and economical way, thereby preventing or reducing the occurrence of diseases.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] The invention discloses an application of a small molecule active peptide ring in enhancing plant immune function. The small molecule active peptide ring is a ring (valine-proline).

[0009] Furthermore, the small molecule active peptide ring can improve the disease resistance of plants, including inducing plant resistance and / or improving plant defense response.

[0010] Furthermore, the plant resistance includes inducing up-regulation of immune-related genes and alleviating disease symptoms, and enhancing plant defense responses including the production of reactive oxygen species and the deposition of callose.

[0011] Furthermore, the immune gene includes at least one of NPR1, AOS2, and PR1.

[0012] Furthermore, the plant is rice, and the immune pathogen is rice blast fungus.

[0013] Furthermore, the small molecule active peptide ring is used as a plant immune activator and applied to plants by spraying or injection to improve their resistance to diseases. The concentration range of the small molecule active peptide ring is 1 μg / mL to 100 μg / mL.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the small molecule active peptide provided by the present invention has the following advantages:

[0015] The cyclic (valine-proline) can enhance the immune function of rice and improve its resistance to diseases.

[0016] The cyclic (valine-proline) ring can cause the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and callose deposition in rice.

[0017] The ring (valine-proline) can upregulate the expression of marker genes in plant immune-related pathways (salicylic acid and jasmonic acid pathways).

[0018] As a biological agent, cyclo(valine-proline) is environmentally friendly and has no chemical residues. The invention provides a candidate drug for the research and development of new biological pesticides. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a graph showing the expression changes of genes related to different signal pathways on corresponding leaves when the positive controls allylbenzazole and cyclo(valine-proline) induce and activate the rice immune response in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a graph showing the accumulation of reactive oxygen species in rice cells induced by cyclo(valine-proline) in Example 2 of the present invention; A, control group; B, 1 μg / mL cyclo(valine-proline) treatment group; C, 10 μg / mL cyclo(valine-proline) treatment group; D, 100 μg / mL cyclo(valine-proline) treatment group.

[0021] Figure 3 The graph is a result of the accumulation of callose in rice cells induced by cyclo(valine-proline) in Example 3 of the present invention; A, control group; B, 1 μg / mL cyclo(valine-proline) treatment group; C, 10 μg / mL cyclo(valine-proline) treatment group; D, 100 μg / mL cyclo(valine-proline) treatment group.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a quantitative graph of the accumulation of callose in rice cells induced by cyclic (valine-proline) in Example 3 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the inhibitory effect of cyclic (valine-proline) on rice blast hyphae on a plate in Example 4 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a photo of lesions on detached rice leaves after the defense response is activated by ring (valine-proline) induction and infection with rice blast fungus in Example 5 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a statistical diagram of the degree of damage of lesions on detached rice leaves after the defense response was activated by ring (valine-proline) induction and infection with rice blast fungus in Example 5 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8This is a graph showing the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide in detached rice leaves after the defense response was activated by cyclo(valine-proline) and infection with rice blast fungus in Example 5 of the present invention; A, control group; B, group treated with rice blast fungus; C, group treated with bacteria and 10 μg / mL cyclo(valine-proline); D, group treated with bacteria and 100 μg / mL cyclo(valine-proline).

[0027] Fig. 9 This is a real picture of the lesions on the leaves of living rice after the defense response is activated by ring (valine-proline) induction and infection with rice blast fungus in Example 6 of the present invention;

[0028] Fig.10 This is a graph showing the expression level changes of the disease resistance gene PR1 in living rice after the defense response is activated by ring (valine-proline) induction and infection with rice blast fungus in Example 6 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. The embodiments of the present invention are only used to illustrate the content thereof and are not intended to define the invention. It should be clear that within the framework of the core ideas and basic principles of the present invention, any form of adjustment, equivalent substitution or innovation shall be deemed to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] In the examples of the present invention, cyclo(valine-proline) was purchased from GLPBIO, catalog number G4730.0250, https: / / www.glpbio.cn / .

[0031] The reagents used are shown in Table 1:

[0032]

[0033] Example 1: Cyclic (valine-proline) can induce expression of resistance-related genes

[0034] 1. Test crops: Rice plants (9311)

[0035] 2. Planting method: Rice seeds were sterilized with 5% sodium hypochlorite for 5 minutes, washed with sterile water, placed in seedling trays for germination for 3 days, and then transplanted into hydroponic boxes filled with paddy soil and grown in a growth room at 28°C with a light / dark photoperiod of 12h / 12h and a relative humidity of 75%.

[0036] 3. Treatment of test group

[0037] Use a 1 / 10,000 analytical balance to weigh pure cyclo(valine-proline) powder, add 0.01g of powder into 10ml PBS to make a mother solution with a concentration of 1mg / mL, dilute it into 1μg / mL, 10μg / mL, and 100μg / mL solutions when used, and spray it evenly on 2-week-old rice for experiments. The spraying amount of each group of rice is 10mL, and there are 15 rice plants in a group. At the same time, water is sprayed as a control, and 100μg / mL of propylene glycol (PBZ) is sprayed as a positive control. Samples are taken after 12h and RNA is extracted to detect the expression levels of disease-resistant related genes.

[0038] 4. Leaf tissue RNA extraction and PCR verification

[0039] The total RNA of the rice leaves of each group collected in step 3 was extracted as follows:

[0040] 1) Liquid nitrogen grinding: Add 800 μL Trizol (Trizol purchased from Novartis) to a centrifuge tube and place it on ice. Cool the mortar, pre-cool the iron spoon, put the blade directly into the mortar, add a small amount of liquid nitrogen, grind quickly, add a small amount of liquid nitrogen, grind again, repeat this 2-3 times, pour the ground powder into the centrifuge tube, and shake to mix.

[0041] 2) Place on ice for 5 minutes to allow for complete lysis. Centrifuge at 12,000 rpm for 5 minutes and discard the precipitate.

[0042] 3) Take the supernatant and place it in a new centrifuge tube.

[0043] 4) Add 1 / 4 volume of chloroform (200 μL) to the centrifuge tube, shake and mix, emulsify the solution to milky white, and let it stand at room temperature for more than 5 minutes.

[0044] 5) Centrifuge at 12000 rpm and 4°C for 15 min. The homogenate will be divided into three layers: a colorless supernatant layer (containing RNA), a white protein layer in the middle (mostly DNA), and a milky white organic phase at the bottom.

[0045] 6) Pipette the supernatant (300 μL) into another new centrifuge tube.

[0046] 7) Add isopropanol (300 μL) of the same volume as the supernatant to the supernatant, mix thoroughly by inverting, and let stand at room temperature for 10 min.

[0047] 8) Centrifuge at 12000 rpm and 4°C for 10 min. A small amount of white RNA precipitate can be seen at the bottom of the centrifuge tube.

[0048] 9) Carefully discard the supernatant without touching the precipitate. Slowly add 75% ethanol (800 μL) in an equal volume to trizol, gently invert the tube to wash the wall, centrifuge at 12000g at 4℃ for 5 minutes, and discard the supernatant.

[0049] 10) After discarding the excess ethanol, leave the centrifuge tube at room temperature with the lid open for about 3 to 5 minutes. After the precipitate is dried, add an appropriate amount (10 to 20 μL) of RNase-free water to fully dissolve the RNA precipitate to obtain the RNA stock solution, which is stored at -80°C for later use and thawed when used.

[0050] The RNA concentration and quality were tested, and 2 μL of thawed RNA stock solution was taken to measure the OD value and concentration at 280nm and 260nm. The OD260 / 280 value of 1.8 to 2.0 met the concentration requirements of total RNA for reverse transcription. Then, the detected mRNA was configured according to the instructions of the reverse transcription kit (Table 2), mixed evenly, incubated at 37℃ for 15min, and reverse transcribed at 98℃ for 5min, and the prepared cDNA template was placed in a -20℃ refrigerator for standby use. After the reverse transcription was completed, RT-PCR was performed according to the operation of the ChamQBlue Universal SYBR qPCR Master Mix Kit. The PCR reaction was performed in a real-time PCR system. When used, cDNA, primers (Table 4) and PCR reagents were prepared according to Table 3 and added to a 96-well plate for experiment. The two-step reaction conditions are as follows: the first step is pre-denaturation, preheating at 95℃ for 2 minutes; the second step is PCR reaction, 95℃, 15 seconds, 60℃, 30 seconds, 40 cycles. The relative quantification of genes was performed by using 2 – ΔΔCt The analysis was performed by comparing the threshold cycle number (Ct). The amount of cDNA in each sample was calibrated and standardized using the housekeeping gene actin.

[0051] Table 2 RNA reverse transcription system

[0052]

[0053] Table 3 qRT-PCR reaction system

[0054]

[0055] Table 4: Primer sequences

[0056]

[0057]

[0058] 5. Experimental results

[0059] Quantitative PCR was used to detect the expression levels of disease resistance-related genes NPR1, PR1, and AOS2 in leaves. The results of different treatment groups are shown in Figure 2. Figure 1 As shown, the salicylic acid signaling pathway related genes OsPR1 and OsNPR1, and the jasmonic acid signaling pathway related gene OsAOS2 were activated and expressed, and the induction effect of 10 μg / mL and 100 μg / mL cyclo(valine-proline) was better than that of the propenthiazole group. Therefore, cyclo(valine-proline) has a good ability to induce rice immune response and is suitable for use in improving rice disease resistance.

[0060] Figure 1 In the figure, the bar graphs of each sub-graph correspond to the control group, 100 μg / mL allylbenzyl, 1 μg / mL cyclo(valine-proline), 10 μg / mL cyclo(valine-proline), and 100 μg / mL cyclo(valine-proline) from left to right.

[0061] Example 2: Cyclo(valine-proline) induces accumulation of active oxygen in rice

[0062] The diaminobenzidine (DAB) tissue staining method was used to detect ROS bursts. 100 μL of 1 μg / mL, 10 μg / mL, and 100 μg / mL cyclo(valine-proline) was injected into the leaf sheath of the third leaf from the top of the rice plant. Samples were taken 12 hours later to observe the production of hydrogen peroxide, and sterile water was injected into the control group. Rinse with distilled water after 12 hours, put into DAB staining solution (1 mg / mL, pH=3.8), and immerse the leaves in the DAB staining solution for 12 hours. After staining, soak the leaves in 95% ethanol and boil them in a water bath for 10 minutes. Repeat 1-2 times to remove all the chlorophyll from the leaves. Soak the leaves in 70% glycerol, place them on a slide, and observe under a microscope. Figure 2 As shown, after DAB staining, obvious brick-red substance accumulation can be observed in the rice leaf sheaths treated with 10 μg / mL and 100 μg / mL cyclo(valine-proline) solutions, indicating that cyclo(valine-proline) treatment of rice can cause the rice to produce reactive oxygen (mainly hydrogen peroxide) that combines with DAB to produce reddish-brown substances.

[0063] Example 3: Cyclo(valine-proline) induces callose accumulation in rice

[0064] The leaves treated with different concentrations of cyclic (valine-proline) in Example 2 for 12 hours were stained for callose. The leaves were cut 12 hours after spraying, and the leaves were immersed in a lactophenol mixture [phenol (put into a 60°C water bath to melt in advance) 20 mL + lactic acid 20 mL + pure glycerol 8 mL, and then dilute to 100 mL with sterile water], and then heated in a 60°C water bath for 30 minutes for decolorization, and the lactophenol mixture was renewed every 10 minutes. After decolorization, the leaves were washed 3 times with sterile water, and aniline blue solution (0.01 g / mL) was added to immerse the leaves, kept away from light overnight, and then washed 3 times with water, and the callose deposition was observed using a fluorescence microscope.

[0065] The results are as follows Figure 3 As shown, the experimental results show that the small molecule active peptide cyclic (valine-proline) can significantly stimulate the callose deposition of rice, among which the callose deposition caused by the 100 μg / mL cyclic (valine-proline) solution treatment is the highest. Figure 4 It is the quantitative result of callose deposition.

[0066] Example 4, antibacterial experiment of cyclo(valine-proline)

[0067] 1. Cultivation of strains: Activate the strain filter paper stored in a -80℃ refrigerator on complete culture medium and culture for 7 days.

[0068] 2. Experimental treatment: Weigh the pure cyclo(valine-proline) powder with a 1 / 10,000 analytical balance and prepare a mother solution with a concentration of 1 mg / mL with sterile water. Filter and sterilize with a 0.22 mm bacterial filter in an ultra-clean workbench, and prepare mother solution dilutions with concentrations of 10, 100, 1000, and 2000 μg / mL with sterile water for use.

[0069] 3. Pharmacological efficacy test of cyclo(valine-proline)

[0070] After the complete culture medium is sterilized in an autoclave and cooled to an appropriate temperature, 1 mL of the mother solution diluted in step 2 is added to each 9 mL of the culture medium to make the concentrations 1 μg / mL, 10 μg / mL, 100 μg / mL, and 200 μg / mL, respectively. The plates are poured and the activated rice blast fungus blocks of the same diameter are inoculated at the center of the culture medium. Clean water is added to the control group and the operation is the same as above. The culture is carried out in a fungal incubator at 28°C for 7 days.

[0071] Complete medium (1L): 50mL 20×Nitrate Salts (I), 1mL 1000×Trace Elements (II), 10g D-Glucose, 2g peptone, 1g yeast extract, 1g casamino acids, 1mL vitamin solution (III), 15g agar. Adjust pH to 6.5.

[0072] (I) 20×Nitrate Salts (1L): 120g NaNO3, 30.4g KH2PO4, 10.4g KCl, 10.4gMgSO4·7H20.

[0073] (II) 1000×Trace Elements (100mL): 80mL ddH2O, 0.5g MnCl2·4H2O, 2.2gZnSO4·7H2O, 1.1g H3BO3, 0.5g FeSO4·7H2O, 0.17g CoCL2·6H2O, 0.16g CuSO4·5H2O, 0.15gNa2MoO4·2H2O, 5g Na4EDTA.

[0074] (III) vitamin solution (100mL): 0.01g Biotin, 0.01g Pyridoxin, 0.01g Thiamine, 0.01g Riboflavin, 0.01g PAB (P aminobenzoic acid), 0.01g Nicotinicacid.

[0075] 4. Test results

[0076] The results are as follows Figure 5 As shown, under the treatment with different concentrations of cyclic (valine-proline), the effect was similar to that of the water treatment group, and the colony diameter did not decrease significantly, indicating that the cyclic (valine-proline) itself had no strong bactericidal effect.

[0077] Example 5: Cyclo(valine-proline) pretreatment initiates defense response and enhances resistance of detached rice leaves to rice blast pathogen

[0078] 1. Test crops: Rice plants (9311)

[0079] 2. Planting method: Rice seeds were sterilized with 5% sodium hypochlorite for 5 min, washed with sterile water, placed in seedling trays for germination for 3 days, and then transplanted into hydroponic boxes filled with paddy soil and grown in a growth room at 28°C with a light / dark cycle of 12 h / 12 ​​h and a relative humidity of 75%.

[0080] 3. Treatment of test groups: Set up 4 groups, namely water control, 100 μg / mL propylene glycol (PBZ) positive control group, 10 μg / mL and 100 μg / mL cyclo(valine-proline) solution treatment groups. Spray evenly on 3-week-old rice leaves, spray 10 mL per pot (15 rice plants).

[0081] 4. Preparation of spore suspension

[0082] The rice blast fungus strain Guy11 was activated on CM medium and cultured at 28°C for 5-6 days. When the strain grew to 2 / 3 of the size of the culture dish, it was transferred to corn straw culture medium (corn flour 40g / L, rice straw 100g / L, agar powder 15g / L) and cultured in the dark at 28°C for 5-6 days. When the mycelium grew all over the culture dish, the mycelium on the surface was scraped off with a sterile cotton swab and cultured under a black light at 28°C for 3-4 days. At this time, a large number of rice blast fungus spores were seen in the culture medium. The produced spores were suspended with sterile water, and the spore concentration was counted with a hemocytometer. The spore concentration was adjusted to 2×10 5 / mL, and Tween-20 was added at the same time, and the final concentration of Tween-20 was maintained at 0.02%. The suspension obtained at this time was the spore suspension of rice blast fungus, which was used for inoculation determination.

[0083] 5. Rice blast spore inoculation and disease investigation

[0084] For the in vitro rice experiment, the rice leaves grown for 3 weeks were sprayed with different concentrations of cyclo(valine-proline) or propylene thiazole (PBZ) (the spraying method was the same as in Example 1), cut off after 12 hours and placed in a culture dish, and the cut was covered with wet filter paper, 10 μL of spore suspension was dripped on the leaves, 4-5 leaves were treated in each group, and sealed with sealing film. After 24 hours in the dark at 24°C, the leaves were switched back to normal growth conditions. The disease resistance of rice leaves was detected by measuring the length of leaf lesions 5 days after inoculation.

[0085] A rice blast group was set up: 10 μL of spore suspension was directly applied to rice leaves grown for 3 weeks, 4-5 leaves were treated in each group, and the leaves were sealed with a sealing film. The leaves were placed in the dark at 24°C for 24 hours and then switched back to normal growth conditions.

[0086] Same as Example 1.

[0087] 6. Hydrogen peroxide detection

[0088] The detached rice leaves inoculated with the rice blast fungus for 24 hours in Example 5 were subjected to DAB staining in the same manner as in Example 2 to observe the changes in hydrogen peroxide.

[0089] 7. Experimental results

[0090] The experimental results are as follows Figure 6 It can be seen that the water group was not treated with rice blast fungi, while the other four groups were treated with rice blast fungi. The incidence of rice in each treatment group was significantly different. The degree of damage of rice spots inoculated with rice blast fungi after cyclo(valine-proline) pretreatment (treatment group) was significantly lower than that inoculated directly with rice blast fungi (control group). Figure 7 The figure shows the statistical diagram of the degree of damage of rice leaf spots after the defense response was activated by cyclo(valine-proline) and the rice leaf was infected with rice blast fungus. As can be seen from the figure, the cyclo(valine-proline) treatment group was slightly better than the propenthiazole group.

[0091] The results of DAB staining are as follows Figure 8 As shown, significant reactive oxygen bursts were observed in the rice leaves of the treated groups, but not in the control group.

[0092] Example 6: Cyclo(valine-proline) pretreatment initiates defense response and enhances resistance of living rice leaves to rice blast pathogen

[0093] 1. Test crops: Rice plants (9311)

[0094] 2. Planting method: same as in Example 5.

[0095] 3. Treatment of test groups: Set up 4 groups, namely, water control group, 100 μg / mL propadiazole (PBZ) positive control group, 10 μg / mL and 100 μg / mL cyclo(valine-proline) solution treatment groups. Spray the solution evenly on 3-week-old rice leaves, and spray 10 mL per pot (15 rice plants).

[0096] 4. Preparation of spore suspension

[0097] Same as Example 5.

[0098] 5. Rice blast spore inoculation and disease investigation

[0099] For the in vivo rice experiment, the rice leaves grown for 3 weeks were sprayed with different concentrations of cyclo(valine-proline) (the spraying method was the same as in Example 1), and 24 hours later, the spore suspension was evenly sprayed on the rice leaves, and water was used as a control, and allylbenzazole was sprayed as a positive control. After 12 hours, samples were taken and RNA was extracted to detect the expression level of disease resistance-related genes, and observation and photography were taken after 7 days.

[0100] 6. Leaf tissue RNA extraction and PCR verification

[0101] Same as Example 1.

[0102] 7. Experimental results

[0103] like Fig. 9It can be seen that after the rice was treated with cyclo(valine-proline) and then inoculated with rice blast fungus, the degree of disease damage on the leaves was significantly lower than that of the control group that was directly inoculated with the pathogen without treatment, and the cyclo(valine-proline) treatment group was slightly better than the propenthiazole group. The expression of the disease resistance-related gene PR1 in the leaves was detected by quantitative PCR. The results of treatment with different concentrations of cyclo(valine-proline) are shown in Figure 2. Fig.10 As shown, the cyclic (valine-proline) treatment group can induce the expression of the PR1 gene to the greatest extent, followed by the propibenthiazole treatment group. The results show that the plant-derived immune inducer of the present invention significantly upregulated the expression of the disease-resistant gene PR1 after 24 hours of treatment. In summary, the small molecule active peptide cyclic (valine-proline) can be used as a plant immune inducer to enhance the resistance of rice to rice blast fungus and reduce the symptoms of lesions on rice leaves.

[0104] Fig.10 The middle bars from left to right correspond to the control group, rice blast fungus, 100 μg / mL allylbenzazole, and 100 μg / mL cyclo(valine-proline).

[0105] The small molecule active peptide ring (valine-proline) of the present invention is a new type of biologically active substance, which has unique biological activity and mechanism of action compared with traditional chemical pesticides. They can activate the immune system of rice and enhance the resistance of crops to diseases through specific signal transduction pathways. In traditional agricultural production, the use of chemical pesticides often leads to environmental pollution and destruction of ecological balance. As a biotechnology product, small molecule active peptides can effectively control diseases and reduce the use of chemical pesticides without polluting the environment, and promote agricultural production to develop in a sustainable direction. The application of small molecule active peptides helps to achieve the green transformation of agricultural production, which meets the global requirements for environmental protection and sustainable development. In addition to rice, small molecule active peptides may also be used for immune activation of other crops, and have broad application prospects and research value.

[0106] In summary, the application of small molecule active peptides in activating rice immune function not only provides a new solution for agricultural production, but also provides new ideas and tools for achieving sustainable agricultural development and environmental protection.

Claims

1. Application of a small molecule active peptide ring in enhancing plant immune function, characterized in that The small molecule active peptide ring is a ring (valine-proline).

2. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that Small molecule active peptide rings can improve plant disease resistance, including inducing plant resistance and / or improving plant defense responses.

3. The use according to claim 2, characterized in that The plant resistance includes inducing up-regulation of immune-related genes and alleviating disease symptoms, and enhancing plant defense responses including the production of reactive oxygen species and the deposition of callose.

4. The use according to claim 3, characterized in that The immune gene includes at least one of NPR1, AOS2, and PR1.

5. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that The plant is rice, and the immune pathogen is Oryza sativa L.

6. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that Small molecule active peptide rings are used as plant immune activators and applied to plants by spraying or injection to improve their resistance to diseases.

7. The use according to claim 6, characterized in that The concentration range of the small molecule active peptide ring is 1 μg / mL to 100 μg / mL.

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