Breathable sponge porous structure additive and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an additive of a breathable sponge porous structure and a preparation method of the additive of the breathable sponge porous structure, and the preparation method of the additive of the breathable sponge porous structure comprises the steps that a three-dimensional model of a target additive is constructed; slicing the three-dimensional model according to a preset layer thickness so as to divide the three-dimensional model into a plurality of slice layers; performing scanning path planning on each slice layer, and determining a forming path of each slice layer; the forming path of each slice layer is a plurality of scanning lines which are parallel to one another; the extending directions of the scanning lines in the forming paths of the slice layers are not overlapped; and metal powder is used as a raw material, 3D printing equipment is adopted, and all the slice layers of the three-dimensional model are printed layer by layer according to the forming paths of all the slice layers of the three-dimensional model, so that the target additive is formed. According to the technical scheme, the porosity of the additive of the air-permeable sponge porous structure can be improved, and the prepared air-permeable structural part has the good air-permeable effect in the height direction and the horizontal direction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing, and in particular to an additive manufacturing method of a porous air-permeable sponge structure. Background Art

[0002] The breathable structural parts are usually prepared by powder sintering process. When the breathable structural parts are prepared by powder sintering process, molds need to be opened for different products, which is complex and costly.

[0003] With the continuous development of 3D printing technology, metal 3D printing technology can now also directly prepare breathable structural parts without being restricted by the structure of breathable structural parts. The metal 3D printing process mainly designs a 3D model, and then uses a specific printing process to print layer by layer to finally form a breathable structural part.

[0004] However, the existing process of preparing breathable structural parts by metal 3D printing produces breathable structural parts with square holes of regular shape, uniform distribution and equal size in the height direction. Although the breathability is good in the height direction, the breathability is poor in the horizontal direction, which limits the application occasions. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides an additive material with a breathable sponge porous structure and a preparation method thereof to solve the problems existing in the prior art, which is beneficial to improving the porosity of the additive material with a breathable sponge porous structure, so that the prepared breathable structural component has good breathability in both the height direction and the horizontal direction.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing an additive material of a porous breathable sponge structure, comprising:

[0007] Construct a three-dimensional model of the target additive;

[0008] Slicing the three-dimensional model according to a preset layer thickness to divide the three-dimensional model into a plurality of slice layers;

[0009] Performing scanning path planning for each of the slice layers to determine a forming path for each of the slice layers; the forming path for each of the slice layers is a plurality of scanning lines parallel to each other; and the extending directions of the scanning lines in the forming path of each of the slice layers do not overlap with each other;

[0010] Using metal powder as raw material and 3D printing equipment, the slice layers of the three-dimensional model are printed layer by layer according to the forming path of each slice layer of the three-dimensional model to form the target additive material.

[0011] Optionally, after printing the slice layers of the three-dimensional model in sequence, the method further includes:

[0012] The target additive material is removed from the printing platform of the 3D printing device by using a wire cutting process.

[0013] Optionally, the included angle between the scan lines in the forming paths of two adjacent slice layers is 67°.

[0014] Optionally, the vertical distances between two adjacent scan lines are equal.

[0015] Optionally, a vertical distance d between two adjacent scanning lines has a value range of 0.15 mm ≤ d ≤ 0.25 mm.

[0016] Optionally, the particle size L of the metal powder is in the range of 15 μm ≤ L ≤ 53 μm.

[0017] Optionally, printing the slice layers of the three-dimensional model in sequence includes:

[0018] The slice layers of the three-dimensional model are printed in sequence by laser scanning and printing.

[0019] Optionally, the scanning speed v of the laser has a value range of: 1000mm / s≤v≤2500mm / s.

[0020] Optionally, the power P of the laser has a value range of 80W≤P≤200W.

[0021] In a second aspect, the present invention provides an additive material with a porous air-permeable sponge structure, which is prepared by any of the above-mentioned methods for manufacturing an additive material with a porous air-permeable sponge structure.

[0022] The technical solution of the present invention constructs a three-dimensional model of a target additive material, and slices the three-dimensional mold according to a preset layer thickness, thereby dividing the three-dimensional model into n slice layers, and then performs scanning path planning on each slice layer to determine a forming path for each slice layer, wherein the forming path of each slice layer is a plurality of scanning lines parallel to each other, and the extension directions of the scanning lines in the forming path of each slice layer do not overlap with each other, and finally uses metal powder as a raw material and adopts a 3D printing device to print each slice layer of the three-dimensional model layer by layer according to the forming path of each slice layer of the three-dimensional model to form a target additive material, thereby preparing an additive material with a porous structure of a breathable sponge having good air permeability in both the height direction and the horizontal direction, which is beneficial to improving the porosity of the additive material with a porous structure of a breathable sponge. At the same time, the technical solution of the present invention does not require mold opening for different products, and the preparation method is simple, which is beneficial to improving the preparation efficiency and has low cost.

[0023] It should be understood that the contents described in this section are not intended to identify the key or important features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor are they intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Other features of the present invention will become easily understood through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 A flow chart of a method for manufacturing an additive material having an air sponge porous structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a forming path of an i-th slice layer provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a forming path of an i+1th slice layer provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 A structural diagram of a target additive provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the numbers used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein.

[0031] This embodiment provides a method for manufacturing an additive material with an air sponge porous structure. Figure 1 A flowchart of a method for manufacturing an additive material of an air sponge porous structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention, referring to Figure 1 As shown, the method for manufacturing the additive of the air sponge porous structure includes:

[0032] S110, constructing a three-dimensional model of the target additive.

[0033] The target additive material may include, but is not limited to, a breathable steel structure, which may be used as an injection mold. The three-dimensional model may be constructed by software in a computer or other device, for example, by using CAD software to construct a three-dimensional model of the target additive material.

[0034] S120: Slice the three-dimensional model according to a preset layer thickness to divide the three-dimensional model into a plurality of slice layers.

[0035] Among them, the preset layer thickness can be set according to the structure of the target additive. For example, when the structure of the target additive is more precise, the preset layer thickness can be set to a smaller value, so that when the three-dimensional model of the target additive is divided into slice layers, the thickness of each slice layer is smaller, thereby making the structure of the prepared target additive more refined; on the contrary, when the structure of the target additive is relatively simple, the preset layer thickness can be set to a larger value, which is conducive to reducing the preparation time of the target additive and improving the preparation efficiency. It can be understood that when the preset layer thickness is larger, the process parameters of 3D printing are required to be higher, so the setting of the preset layer thickness must also consider the preparation effect that can be achieved by the process parameters of 3D printing.

[0036] The slicing of the three-dimensional model may be performed by using software with corresponding slicing functions to slice the three-dimensional model.

[0037] S130 , performing scanning path planning for each slice layer to determine a forming path for each slice layer.

[0038] Among them, the forming path of each slicing layer is a plurality of scanning lines parallel to each other, and the extension directions of the scanning lines in the forming path of each slicing layer do not overlap with each other, so that the pores of the prepared target additive material will not be blocked in the height direction and the horizontal direction, so that the finally prepared target additive material has a good air permeability effect in both the height direction and the horizontal direction.

[0039] In an exemplary embodiment, the forming path of each slice layer is a plurality of linear scanning lines parallel to each other, and the included angle of the scanning lines in the forming paths of two adjacent slice layers is a fixed angle, for example, 57° or 67°, so that the extension directions of the scanning lines in the forming paths of the slice layers do not overlap.

[0040] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a forming path of an i-th slice layer provided in an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a shaping path of the i+1th slice layer provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, optionally, the angle between the scan lines in the forming paths of two adjacent slice layers is 67°. In this embodiment, after slicing the three-dimensional model according to the preset layer thickness, the three-dimensional model is divided into n slice layers, from the top to the bottom of the three-dimensional model of the target additive, respectively, the first slice layer to the nth slice layer, each scan line of the forming path of the first slice layer extends in any direction, each scan line of the forming path of the second slice layer is rotated 67° based on each scan line of the forming path of the first slice layer, each scan line of the forming path of the third slice layer is rotated 67° based on each scan line of the forming path of the second slice layer, ..., each scan line of the forming path of the i+1th slice layer is rotated 67° based on each scan line of the forming path of the i-th slice layer, each scan line of the forming path of the i+2th slice layer is rotated 67° based on each scan line of the forming path of the i+1th slice layer, until the forming path of the nth slice layer is obtained. In this way, it can be ensured that the forming paths of each slice layer do not overlap, so that the prepared target additive has a good air permeability effect in both the height direction and the horizontal direction.

[0041] In an optional embodiment, the vertical distances between two adjacent scanning lines are equal, so as to ensure the uniformity of the material in each slice layer, thereby improving the molding effect of the target additive.

[0042] In an optional embodiment, the vertical distance d between two adjacent scanning lines has a value range of: 0.15mm≤d≤0.25mm. When the vertical distance between two adjacent scanning lines is too small, for example, less than 0.15mm, the pores of the target additive are too small, and the pores of the prepared target additive are blocked in the height direction and the horizontal direction, which is not conducive to improving the air permeability of the target additive in the height direction and the horizontal direction; on the contrary, when the vertical distance between two adjacent scanning lines is too large, for example, greater than 0.25mm, the structure of the target additive is loose, which will affect the structural stability of the target additive. Therefore, by limiting the value range of the vertical distance d between two adjacent scanning lines to 0.15mm≤d≤0.25mm, the air permeability of the prepared target additive in the height direction and the horizontal direction can be guaranteed, and the target additive has good mechanical properties.

[0043] S140, using metal powder as raw material, using 3D printing equipment, and printing each slice layer of the three-dimensional model layer by layer according to the forming path of each slice layer of the three-dimensional model to form a target additive.

[0044] The metal powder may include but is not limited to one or more of steel powder, titanium powder, aluminum powder, iron powder, copper powder, copper-nickel alloy, etc. It should be noted that the metal powder mentioned in this embodiment is any metal powder or a mixture of metal powders that can realize metal 3D printing. The selection of the specific type of metal powder can be determined according to actual requirements, and this embodiment does not limit this.

[0045] In an optional embodiment, the value range of the particle size L of the metal powder is: 15μm≤L≤53μm. It can be understood that the particle size of the metal powder has a direct impact on the fluidity and packing density of the material. The smaller the particle size of the metal powder, the stronger the fluidity of the material, and the better the molding effect of the prepared target additive. However, due to the preparation process of the metal powder, the smaller the particle size of the metal powder, the higher the price. On the contrary, the larger the particle size of the metal powder, the weaker the fluidity of the material, which can easily cause defects such as uneven material stacking and pores. Therefore, limiting the value range of the particle size L of the metal powder to 15μm≤L≤53μm can not only meet the requirements for the molding effect of the prepared target additive, but also control the preparation cost.

[0046] The 3D printing equipment may include, but is not limited to, a printing platform, a control mechanism, a feeding mechanism, a material spreading mechanism, a processing heat source, and a CCD camera for real-time monitoring of the processing process.

[0047] The processing heat source may be, but is not limited to, one or more of laser, electromagnetic wave, induction heating and electromagnetic heating. In an optional embodiment, the slice layers of the three-dimensional model are printed in sequence, including: using laser scanning printing to print the slice layers of the three-dimensional model in sequence. Since laser scanning printing can produce a large number of products in a short period of time, the preparation efficiency of the target additive is improved. At the same time, after laser scanning printing, the unsintered metal powder can be recycled, thereby improving the utilization rate of the metal powder and reducing the production cost of the target additive.

[0048] In an optional embodiment, the range of the laser scanning speed v is: 1000mm / s≤v≤2500mm / s. In an optional embodiment, the range of the laser power P is: 80W≤P≤200W, thereby ensuring that the metal powder can be sintered by the laser, thereby ensuring the molding effect of the prepared target additive.

[0049] S150, using wire cutting technology to remove the target additive material from the printing platform of the 3D printing device.

[0050] Among them, wire cutting is a processing method that uses a moving metal wire (molybdenum wire, copper wire or alloy wire, etc.) as an electrode wire, relies on pulsed electric spark discharge between the electrode wire and the workpiece to generate high temperature to melt or vaporize the metal, forming a cut, and thus cutting out parts.

[0051] By adopting the wire cutting process, the target additive material is removed from the printing platform of the 3D printing device, thereby obtaining a usable target additive material.

[0052] In this embodiment, a three-dimensional model of a target additive is constructed, and the three-dimensional mold is sliced ​​according to a preset layer thickness, thereby dividing the three-dimensional model into n slice layers, and then a scanning path planning is performed on each slice layer to determine a forming path for each slice layer, wherein the forming path of each slice layer is a plurality of scanning lines parallel to each other, and the extension directions of the scanning lines in the forming path of each slice layer do not overlap with each other. Finally, metal powder is used as a raw material, and a 3D printing device is used to print each slice layer of the three-dimensional model layer by layer according to the forming path of each slice layer of the three-dimensional model to form a target additive, thereby preparing an additive with a breathable sponge porous structure having good air permeability in both the height direction and the horizontal direction, which is beneficial to improving the porosity of the additive with the breathable sponge porous structure. At the same time, the technical solution of the present invention does not require mold opening for different products, and the preparation method is simple, which is beneficial to improving the preparation efficiency and has low cost.

[0053] Based on the same concept, this embodiment also provides an additive material with a porous air sponge structure, which is prepared by the manufacturing method of the additive material with a porous air sponge structure provided in any of the above embodiments. Therefore, the additive material with a porous air sponge structure provided in this embodiment has the corresponding structure and features of the manufacturing method of the additive material with a porous air sponge structure provided in any of the above embodiments, and can achieve the beneficial effects of the manufacturing method of the additive material with a porous air sponge structure provided in any of the above embodiments. For similarities, please refer to the above description.

[0054] Example

[0055] Table 1. Porosity test results of target additives prepared with different printing process parameters

[0056] Laser power(W) Scanning speed (mm / s) Scanning distance (mm) Porosity (%) 80 1000-1400 0.15 23 80 1600-2000 0.15 27 80 1200-1600 0.2 29 80 1600-2000 0.2 43 120 1200-1600 0.15 14 120 1600-2000 0.15 18 140 1200-1600 0.18 12 140 1600-2000 0.18 17 160 1200-1600 0.18 9 160 1600-2000 0.18 14 160 2000-2500 0.2 19 160 2000-2500 0.24 34

[0057] A method for printing additives of a porous air-permeable sponge structure, comprising the following steps:

[0058] A computer is used to construct a three-dimensional model of the target additive; the three-dimensional model is sliced ​​according to a preset layer thickness, and the three-dimensional model is divided into multiple slice layers; a scanning path is planned for each slice layer to determine the forming path of each slice layer, wherein the forming path of each slice layer is a plurality of linear scanning lines parallel to each other, the vertical distance between two adjacent scanning lines is equal, the value range of the scanning spacing is 0.15mm≤d≤0.24mm, and the angle between the scanning lines in the forming path of two adjacent slice layers is 67°. Steel powder is used as the raw material, 3D printing equipment is used, and laser scanning printing is adopted, wherein the value range of the laser power P is: 80W≤P≤160W, the value range of the laser scanning speed v is: 1000mm / s≤v≤2500mm / s, and each slice layer of the three-dimensional model is printed layer by layer according to the forming path of each slice layer of the three-dimensional model until the target additive with a porous structure of a breathable sponge is formed, and its porosity is 9% to 43%, such as Figure 4 Specific parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0059] The above specific implementations do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for manufacturing an additive material with a porous breathable sponge structure, characterized in that: include: Construct a three-dimensional model of the target additive; Slicing the three-dimensional model according to a preset layer thickness to divide the three-dimensional model into a plurality of slice layers; Performing scanning path planning for each of the slice layers to determine a forming path for each of the slice layers; the forming path for each of the slice layers is a plurality of scanning lines parallel to each other; and the extending directions of the scanning lines in the forming path of each of the slice layers do not overlap with each other; Using metal powder as raw material and 3D printing equipment, the slice layers of the three-dimensional model are printed layer by layer according to the forming path of each slice layer of the three-dimensional model to form the target additive material.

2. The method for manufacturing an additive material of a porous structure of a breathable sponge according to claim 1, characterized in that: After printing the slice layers of the three-dimensional model in sequence, the method further includes: The target additive material is removed from the printing platform of the 3D printing device by using a wire cutting process.

3. The method for manufacturing an additive material of a porous structure of a breathable sponge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The included angle of the scanning lines in the forming paths of two adjacent slice layers is 67°.

4. The method for manufacturing an additive material of a porous structure of a breathable sponge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical distances between two adjacent scanning lines are equal.

5. The method for manufacturing an additive material of a porous structure of a breathable sponge according to claim 4, characterized in that: The vertical distance d between two adjacent scanning lines has a value range of: 0.15 mm ≤ d ≤ 0.25 mm.

6. The method for manufacturing an additive material of a porous structure of a breathable sponge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The value range of the particle size L of the metal powder is: 15 μm≤L≤53 μm.

7. The method for manufacturing an additive material of a porous breathable sponge structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Printing the slice layers of the three-dimensional model in sequence, comprising: The slice layers of the three-dimensional model are printed in sequence by laser scanning and printing.

8. The method for manufacturing an additive material of a porous structure of a breathable sponge according to claim 7, characterized in that: The value range of the laser scanning speed v is: 1000mm / s≤v≤2500mm / s.

9. The method for manufacturing an additive material of a porous structure of a breathable sponge according to claim 7, characterized in that: The power P of the laser has a value range of 80W≤P≤200W.

10. An additive material with a porous structure of a breathable sponge, characterized in that: The porous structure of the breathable sponge is prepared by the method for manufacturing the additive of the breathable sponge porous structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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