High-temperature underglaze colored porcelain and firing process thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of ceramic manufacturing, in particular to high-temperature under-glaze colored porcelain and a firing process thereof.The high-temperature under-glaze colored porcelain comprises a green body, the green body is sequentially covered with a transparent glaze layer, a texture layer and a flock texture layer from top to bottom, the raw material of the transparent glaze layer is transparent glaze, the raw material of the texture layer is a color toner and a crystallization toner, and the raw material of the flock texture layer is flock texture glaze. Cracks similar to pigeon velvet are formed after the velvet grain layer is sintered, the transparent glaze is high in brightness and good in fluidity, the fineness of velvet grain glaze slip is smaller than that of the transparent glaze, and meanwhile the high-temperature viscosity is larger than that of the transparent glaze, so that during high-temperature sintering, after the velvet grain layer generates the cracks, the glaze surface flows to fill the cracks, and the unique decoration style of the cracks under the glaze is formed; and under-glaze color lines and crystal lines are formed between the color colorant and the crystal colorant, so that the glaze has unique aesthetic feeling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of ceramic manufacturing, and in particular to high-temperature underglaze colored porcelain and a firing process thereof. Background Art

[0002] Underglaze color, also known as "kiln color", is a kind of glaze decoration of porcelain. Underglaze color is a major decorative method for ceramics. It uses colorants to draw various patterns on the formed and dried blanks, and then covers them with white transparent glaze or other light-colored glazes and fires them once. After firing, the pattern is covered with a layer of transparent glaze film underneath. The surface is bright and soft, smooth and not protruding, and appears crystal clear. The appearance of underglaze colored porcelain should be traced back to the late Han Dynasty and the Three Kingdoms period, but at that time, porcelain was simply decorated with red pigments. Most of the existing underglaze colors simply use colorants to draw patterns on the blanks, and their colors and forms are single. In view of this, this case was created. Summary of the invention

[0003] An object of the present invention is to solve at least the above-mentioned problems through high-temperature underglaze colored porcelain and its firing process.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: high-temperature underglaze colored porcelain, including a blank, which is covered with a transparent glaze layer, a texture layer and a velvet layer from top to bottom, the raw material of the transparent glaze layer is transparent glaze, the raw material of the texture layer is color colorant and crystalline colorant, and the raw material of the velvet layer is velvet glaze.

[0005] Preferably, the raw materials of the transparent glaze include the following components by weight: 35-40 parts of glass powder, 20-30 parts of quartz, 35-40 parts of albite, 12-15 parts of potassium feldspar, 20-25 parts of calcium carbonate powder, 10-12 parts of Inner Mongolia clay, 5-8 parts of white talc, 2-4 parts of zinc oxide, and 5-8 parts of lithium carbonate.

[0006] Preferably, the raw materials of the color toner include the following components by weight: 28-33 parts of cornstarch, 25-30 parts of orange colorant, 2-5 parts of red colorant, 28-33 parts of New Zealand kaolin powder, 0.2-0.5 parts of American viscous rubber powder, and 50-60 parts of clean water.

[0007] Preferably, the raw materials of the color toner include the following components by weight: 5-8 parts of iron ore red, 2-5 parts of manganese dioxide, 6-8 parts of aluminum oxide, 5-7 parts of zinc oxide, 4-6 parts of magnesium oxide, 10-12 parts of silica, 12-14 parts of feldspar, 6-8 parts of mica, 10-12 parts of glass powder, and 2-4 parts of silicon nitride.

[0008] Preferably, the raw materials of the crystalline colorant include the following components by weight: the raw materials of the crystalline colorant include the following components by weight: 10-12 parts of calcium carbonate, 15-16 parts of dolomite, 15-20 parts of limestone, 8-10 parts of star feldspar, 10-12 parts of glass powder, 10-12 parts of magnesite, 15-20 parts of quartz, and 5-8 parts of iron ore red powder.

[0009] Preferably, the raw materials of the velvet layer include the following components by weight: 35-40 parts of glass powder, 20-30 parts of quartz, 35-40 parts of albite, 12-15 parts of potassium feldspar, 10-15 parts of vermiculite, 12-15 parts of prehnite, 12-15 parts of zeolite, and 12-15 parts of colemanite.

[0010] Preferably, the raw materials of the green body include the following components by weight: 30-35 parts of plastic clay, 10-20 parts of hard clay, 20-30 parts of quartz, 20-35 parts of feldspar, and 10-15 parts of white sandstone.

[0011] The firing process of high-temperature underglaze colored porcelain includes the following steps:

[0012] (1) Raw material preparation: Select high-quality ceramic raw materials and prepare them for use after crushing, screening and other treatments;

[0013] (2) Molding: Molding the prepared raw materials according to the design requirements to obtain the desired porcelain shape;

[0014] (3) Biscuit firing: The body is put into the kiln for biscuit firing;

[0015] (4) Applying velvet glaze on the unglazed body and drying;

[0016] (5) Using color pigments and crystal pigments to draw underglaze color patterns and crystal patterns on the velvet glaze, and applying transparent glaze after drying;

[0017] (6) High-temperature firing: The dried porcelain is placed in a high-temperature kiln for firing to obtain the finished product.

[0018] Preferably, in step (3), the biscuit sintering curve of the green body is: heating from room temperature to 300°C takes 150 min; heating from 300°C to 550°C takes 90 min; heating from 550°C to 800°C takes 150 min; keeping at 800°C for 60 min, and finally cooling naturally.

[0019] Preferably, in the step (5), the high temperature firing curve is: it takes 120 minutes to heat up from room temperature to 550°C; it takes 120 minutes to heat up from 550°C to 1000°C; it takes 60 minutes to keep warm at 1000°C; it takes 150 minutes to heat up from 1000°C to 1270°C; it takes 90 minutes to heat up from 1270°C to 1330°C; it takes 60 minutes to keep warm at 1330°C; it takes 30 minutes to cool down from 1330°C to 1310°C; it takes 30 minutes to cool down from 1310°C to 1270°C, and finally cool naturally.

[0020] From the above description, it can be seen that the high-temperature underglaze colored porcelain and its firing process provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects: the velvet layer forms cracks similar to pigeon down after firing, the transparent glaze has high brightness and good fluidity, the velvet glaze slurry is finer than the transparent glaze, and the high-temperature viscosity is greater than that of the transparent glaze. Therefore, when fired at high temperature, after cracks are generated in the velvet layer, the glaze surface flows to fill the cracks, thereby forming a unique decorative style of underglaze cracks, and the colored colorant and the crystalline colorant form underglaze colored lines and crystalline lines in the middle, which are unique in beauty. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention is further described below through specific implementation modes.

[0022] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0023] High-temperature underglaze colored porcelain includes a body, which is covered with a transparent glaze layer, a texture layer and a velvet texture layer from top to bottom in sequence. The raw material of the transparent glaze layer is transparent glaze, the raw material of the texture layer is color colorant and crystalline colorant, and the raw material of the velvet texture layer is velvet texture glaze. After firing, the velvet texture layer forms cracks similar to pigeon down. The transparent glaze has high brightness and good fluidity. The velvet texture layer is 2-3 times thicker than the surface glaze. The velvet texture glaze slurry is finer than the transparent glaze. At the same time, the high-temperature viscosity is greater than that of the transparent glaze. Therefore, when fired at high temperature, after the velvet texture layer cracks, the glaze surface flows to fill the cracks, thereby forming a unique decorative style of underglaze cracks, and the color colorant and crystalline colorant form underglaze color textures and crystal textures in the middle, which are unique in beauty.

[0024] The raw materials of the transparent glaze include the following components by weight: 35-40 parts of glass powder, 20-30 parts of quartz, 35-40 parts of sodium feldspar, 12-15 parts of potassium feldspar, 20-25 parts of calcium carbonate powder, 10-12 parts of Inner Mongolia clay, 5-8 parts of white talc, 2-4 parts of zinc oxide, and 5-8 parts of lithium carbonate. The transparent glaze has good transparency and high fluidity. The transparent glaze has high feldspar and calcium carbonate content, so it has good fluidity. During the firing process, the velvet layer produces crack glaze, and the transparent glaze can quickly fill the cracks, so that the surface of the glaze is smooth and bright, and the glaze has faint cracks inside, and has unique pigeon velvet flower net cracks inside the glaze.

[0025] The raw materials of the color toner include the following components by weight: 28-33 parts of raw flour, 25-30 parts of orange colorant, 2-5 parts of red colorant, 28-33 parts of New Zealand kaolin powder, 0.2-0.5 parts of American viscous glue powder, and 50-60 parts of water. The color toner is used as the pigment of the texture layer, and after high-temperature firing, it forms underglaze color patterns, which are bright in color, not easy to fade, and have strong wear resistance.

[0026] The raw materials of the color toner include the following components by weight: 5-8 parts of iron red powder, 2-5 parts of manganese dioxide, 6-8 parts of aluminum oxide, 5-7 parts of zinc oxide, 4-6 parts of magnesium oxide, 10-12 parts of silica, 12-14 parts of feldspar, 6-8 parts of mica, 10-12 parts of glass powder, and 2-4 parts of silicon nitride. Raw powder is used to adjust the color and increase the stability of the color. The iron red powder can make the color of the toner more colorful, the silicate contained can make the toner more stable and beautiful, so as to obtain color-stable underglaze color lines, manganese dioxide can reduce the firing temperature of the toner, and other components in the raw powder can improve the heat resistance of the toner, thereby improving its stability.

[0027] The raw materials of the crystalline colorant include the following components by weight: 10-12 parts of calcium carbonate, 15-16 parts of dolomite, 15-20 parts of limestone, 8-10 parts of star feldspar, 10-12 parts of glass powder, 10-12 parts of magnesia, 15-20 parts of quartz, and 5-8 parts of iron red powder. During the firing process, the crystalline colorant penetrates into the cracks produced by the velvet layer, and magnesium is precipitated as forsterite, so that the cracks in the area where the crystalline colorant is applied have yellow crystal flowers, thereby producing cracks with a yellow flashing texture, which is different from ordinary cracks and has a unique artistic beauty.

[0028] The raw materials of the velvet layer include the following components by weight: 35-40 parts of glass powder, 20-30 parts of quartz, 35-40 parts of albite, 12-15 parts of potassium feldspar, 10-15 parts of vermiculite, 12-15 parts of prehnite, 12-15 parts of zeolite, and 12-15 parts of colemanite. Vermiculite expands in volume when fired at high temperature, and prehnite foams at high temperature, which together form a pattern similar to pigeon hair in the velvet layer, and the velvet layer forms a light green or milky white base color after firing.

[0029] The raw materials of the green body include the following components by weight: 30-35 parts of plastic clay, 10-20 parts of hard clay, 20-30 parts of quartz, 20-35 parts of feldspar, and 10-15 parts of white sandstone.

[0030] The firing process of high-temperature underglaze colored porcelain includes the following steps:

[0031] (1) Raw material preparation: Select high-quality ceramic raw materials and prepare them for use after crushing, screening and other treatments;

[0032] (2) Molding: Molding the prepared raw materials according to the design requirements to obtain the desired porcelain shape;

[0033] (3) Biscuit firing: The body is put into the kiln for biscuit firing;

[0034] (4) Applying velvet glaze on the unglazed body and drying;

[0035] (5) Using color pigments and crystal pigments to draw underglaze color patterns and crystal patterns on the velvet glaze, and applying transparent glaze after drying;

[0036] (6) High-temperature firing: The dried porcelain is placed in a high-temperature kiln for firing to obtain the finished product.

[0037] In the step (3), the biscuit sintering curve of the green body is: heating from room temperature to 300°C takes 150 minutes; heating from 300°C to 550°C takes 90 minutes; heating from 550°C to 800°C takes 150 minutes; keeping at 800°C for 60 minutes, and finally cooling naturally.

[0038] In the step (5), the high temperature firing curve is: it takes 120 minutes to heat from room temperature to 550°C; it takes 120 minutes to heat from 550°C to 1000°C; it takes 60 minutes to keep at 1000°C; it takes 150 minutes to heat from 1000°C to 1270°C; it takes 90 minutes to heat from 1270°C to 1330°C; it takes 60 minutes to keep at 1330°C; it takes 30 minutes to cool from 1330°C to 1310°C; it takes 30 minutes to cool from 1310°C to 1270°C, and finally cools naturally. The underglaze color fired at high temperature is stable and bright, not easy to fade, and yellow crystals penetrate into the local cracks, which is unique in beauty.

[0039] The above are only some specific implementation methods of the present invention, but the design concept of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any non-substantial changes to the present invention using this concept shall be deemed as an infringement of the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. High temperature underglaze colored porcelain, characterized by: The invention comprises a body, which is sequentially covered with a transparent glaze layer, a grain layer and a velvet grain layer from top to bottom. The raw material of the transparent glaze layer is transparent glaze, the raw material of the grain layer is color toner and crystalline toner, and the raw material of the velvet grain layer is velvet grain glaze.

2. The high-temperature underglaze colored porcelain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw materials of the transparent glaze include the following components by weight: 35-40 parts of glass powder, 20-30 parts of quartz, 35-40 parts of albite, 12-15 parts of potassium feldspar, 20-25 parts of calcium carbonate powder, 10-12 parts of Inner Mongolia clay, 5-8 parts of white talc, 2-4 parts of zinc oxide, and 5-8 parts of lithium carbonate.

3. The high temperature underglaze colored porcelain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw materials of the color toner include the following components by weight: 28-33 parts of cornstarch, 25-30 parts of orange colorant, 2-5 parts of red colorant, 28-33 parts of New Zealand kaolin powder, 0.2-0.5 parts of American viscous rubber powder, and 50-60 parts of clean water.

4. The high-temperature underglaze colored porcelain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw materials of the color toner include the following components by weight: 5-8 parts of iron oxide red, 2-5 parts of manganese dioxide, 6-8 parts of aluminum oxide, 5-7 parts of zinc oxide, 4-6 parts of magnesium oxide, 10-12 parts of silica, 12-14 parts of feldspar, 6-8 parts of mica, 10-12 parts of glass powder, and 2-4 parts of silicon nitride.

5. The high temperature underglaze colored porcelain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw materials of the crystalline colorant include the following components by weight: the raw materials of the crystalline colorant include the following components by weight: 10-12 parts of calcium carbonate, 15-16 parts of dolomite, 15-20 parts of limestone, 8-10 parts of star feldspar, 10-12 parts of glass powder, 10-12 parts of magnesite, 15-20 parts of quartz, and 5-8 parts of iron ore red powder.

6. The high temperature underglaze colored porcelain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw materials of the velvet layer include the following components by weight: 35-40 parts of glass powder, 20-30 parts of quartz, 35-40 parts of albite, 12-15 parts of potassium feldspar, 10-15 parts of vermiculite, 12-15 parts of prehnite, 12-15 parts of zeolite, and 12-15 parts of colemanite.

7. The high temperature underglaze colored porcelain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw materials of the green body include the following components by weight: 30-35 parts of plastic clay, 10-20 parts of hard clay, 20-30 parts of quartz, 20-35 parts of feldspar, and 10-15 parts of white sandstone.

8. The firing process of high temperature underglaze colored porcelain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) Raw material preparation: Select high-quality ceramic raw materials and prepare them for use after crushing, screening and other treatments; (2) Molding: Molding the prepared raw materials according to the design requirements to obtain the desired porcelain shape; (3) Biscuit firing: The body is put into the kiln for biscuit firing; (4) Applying velvet glaze on the unglazed body and drying; (5) Using color pigments and crystal pigments to draw underglaze color patterns and crystal patterns on the velvet glaze, and applying transparent glaze after drying; (6) High-temperature firing: The dried porcelain is placed in a high-temperature kiln for firing to obtain the finished product.

9. The firing process of high temperature underglaze colored porcelain according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (3), the biscuit sintering curve of the green body is: heating from room temperature to 300°C takes 150 minutes; heating from 300°C to 550°C takes 90 minutes; heating from 550°C to 800°C takes 150 minutes; keeping at 800°C for 60 minutes, and finally cooling naturally.

10. The firing process of high temperature underglaze colored porcelain according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (5), the high temperature firing curve is: it takes 120 minutes to heat up from room temperature to 550°C; it takes 120 minutes to heat up from 550°C to 1000°C; it takes 60 minutes to keep warm at 1000°C; it takes 150 minutes to heat up from 1000°C to 1270°C; it takes 90 minutes to heat up from 1270°C to 1330°C; it takes 60 minutes to keep warm at 1330°C; it takes 30 minutes to cool down from 1330°C to 1310°C; it takes 30 minutes to cool down from 1310°C to 1270°C, and finally it cools naturally.