Intelligent underwater standard target body

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of underwater acoustic engineering, and particularly relates to an intelligent underwater standard target body which comprises a shell, a high-frequency transducer, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a circuit board, an attitude sensor and a bearing communication cable. The standard target body adopts a spherical metal shell structure, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a posture sensor and the like are fixedly installed, a conformal high-frequency transducer is designed on the surface of the shell, and the standard target body is used for underwater acoustic communication and the design form of the overall structure of the underwater standard target body. It is ensured that the sound scattering characteristic of the underwater standard target body is irrelevant to the angle of incident sound waves and the underwater posture of the incident sound waves, and the underwater standard target body has the advantages of being good in seawater corrosion resistance and light in weight; the sensor and the high-frequency transducer are connected with the dry end equipment through the bearing communication cable, and the underwater position and the spatial attitude of the underwater standard target body can be fed back in real time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of hydroacoustic engineering, and in particular relates to an intelligent underwater standard target body. Background Art

[0002] Underwater standard targets are often used as standards for measuring the intensity of underwater acoustic targets, and can also be used to test sonar technical indicators. They are widely used in the field of underwater acoustic detection. At present, the International Organization for Standardization's Acoustics Technical Committee Underwater Acoustics Technical Committee has established the 4th Working Group (ISO / TC43 / SC3 / WG4), which is drafting an international standard for using standard targets to calibrate active sonars for imaging and scattering measurements (Underwater acoustics-Standard-target method of calibrating active sonars for imaging and measuring scattering). It can be seen that the development of underwater standard targets also plays a vital role in the calibration of active sonars.

[0003] Underwater standard targets are generally made of metal materials, do not contain any communication equipment and sensors, and cannot actively provide their underwater spatial orientation information. In lake and sea tests, affected by wind, waves, and undercurrents, the positioning and underwater ranging of underwater standard targets are technical difficulties in the field of hydroacoustics. At present, GPS positioning technology is usually used, and the positioning distance of the water surface is used as the underwater distance of the underwater standard target. However, the accuracy of the underwater position of the underwater standard target directly affects the accuracy of the target strength test and the evaluation of sonar technical indicators. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to innovatively integrate communication equipment and sensors into a standard target body, thereby providing an intelligent underwater standard target body.

[0005] The present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] An intelligent underwater standard target body, comprising:

[0007] The shell adopts a spherical metal shell structure;

[0008] Two high-frequency transducers are symmetrically arranged and embedded in the shell, and are used to generate specific ultrasonic signals in water;

[0009] The temperature sensor is attached to the shell surface and is used to measure the temperature in the water;

[0010] The pressure sensor is embedded in the housing and is used to measure the pressure in water;

[0011] A circuit board is arranged inside the housing, the circuit board includes a main control circuit, a temperature measurement circuit, a depth measurement circuit and a posture measurement circuit, and the circuit board is used for communication and reading of sensor measurement data;

[0012] The attitude sensor is arranged on the circuit board and is used to measure the spatial attitude of the underwater standard target body;

[0013] Load-bearing communication cable, used for connection and signal transmission between intelligent underwater standard target and dry-end equipment.

[0014] Preferably, the shell diameter is set to D, and the diameter D is determined by the design index of the target strength TS of the intelligent underwater standard target body, and its calculation formula is as follows:

[0015]

[0016] The thickness of the shell is t:

[0017]

[0018] Here, γ is the ratio of the density of the shell material to that of water.

[0019] Preferably, the circuit board calculates the speed of sound in water using the measured temperature and pressure through an empirical formula, and uses RS485 serial port communication to transmit the temperature, pressure, speed of sound in water and the posture of the intelligent underwater standard target body in real time.

[0020] Preferably, the attitude sensor measures the acceleration and angle of the intelligent underwater standard target in the X, Y, and Z directions in real time, and calculates the displacement of the intelligent underwater standard target in space through the main control circuit:

[0021]

[0022]

[0024] in, is the spatial angle in the X, Y, and Z directions, a X (t), a Y (t), a Z (t) is the acceleration in the X, Y, and Z directions.

[0025] Preferably, the dry-end device includes a wireless communication module and an acoustic beacon. The dry-end device is used to provide a radio frequency signal to the intelligent underwater standard target body, stimulate the high-frequency transducer to generate an acoustic wave signal, and propagate from the water medium to the acoustic beacon. The dry-end device calculates that the propagation time of the acoustic wave signal from the high-frequency transducer to the acoustic beacon is τ0, and further obtains the distance between the acoustic beacon and the high-frequency transducer is

[0026] L=cτ0

[0027] Where L is the distance between the acoustic beacon and the high-frequency transducer, and c is the speed of sound in water.

[0028] Preferably, the main control circuit is used to transmit measurement and calculation information to the dry-end equipment through a load-bearing communication cable.

[0029] Preferably, the load-bearing communication cable is a four-core cable, two of which are used for serial communication, and the other two are connected to the high-frequency transducer.

[0030] Preferably, the surface of the pressure sensor is vulcanized, and the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor are connected to the circuit board via wires.

[0031] Preferably, the shell is made of corrosion-resistant metal material.

[0032] In general, the above technical solutions conceived by the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0033] The present invention innovatively integrates communication equipment and sensors into the standard target body. The standard target body adopts a spherical metal shell structure and is installed and fixed with sensors such as temperature, pressure and attitude. A conformal high-frequency transducer is designed on the shell surface for underwater acoustic communication. The design of the overall structure of the underwater standard target body ensures that the sound scattering characteristics of the underwater standard target body are independent of the angle of the incident sound wave and its underwater attitude, so that it has good seawater corrosion resistance and lightweight characteristics; the sensor and the high-frequency transducer are connected to the dry-end equipment through a load-bearing communication cable, which can provide real-time feedback on the underwater position and spatial attitude of the underwater standard target body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the intelligent underwater standard target body of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 It is a diagram of the internal composition of the circuit board of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of underwater positioning of the intelligent underwater standard target body and dry end equipment of the present invention.

[0037] The following are marked in the figure:

[0038] 1-housing; 2-high frequency transducer; 3-temperature sensor; 4-pressure sensor; 5-attitude sensor; 6-circuit board; 7-load-bearing communication cable. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can more clearly understand how to practice the present invention. Although the present invention is described in conjunction with its preferred specific embodiments, these embodiments are only illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0040] In scattered sound testing and active sonar technical indicator inspection, underwater standard target bodies must be positioned underwater. This embodiment will take an intelligent underwater standard target body with a target intensity of -20dB as an example to introduce the use method of the intelligent underwater standard target body.

[0041] As attached Figure 1-3 As shown, an intelligent underwater standard target body comprises:

[0042] Shell 1, adopts a spherical metal shell structure;

[0043] Two high-frequency transducers 2 are symmetrically arranged, and their radiation surfaces are conformal to the shell 1, and they are embedded in the shell 1. Their operating frequency is between 70kHz and 200kHz, and they are used to generate specific ultrasonic signals in water. In addition, the high-frequency transducer 2 can also be used as an acoustic transponder. When receiving a specific sound wave, it forwards the received signal with the same sound wave frequency;

[0044] The temperature sensor 3 is attached to the surface of the housing 1 or embedded in the housing 1. When the housing 1 is thin, the temperature sensor 3 is attached to the inner wall of the housing 1 to measure the temperature in the water.

[0045] A pressure sensor 4, embedded in the housing 1, for measuring the pressure in water;

[0046] A circuit board 6 is arranged inside the housing 1, and the circuit board 6 includes a main control circuit, a temperature measurement circuit, a depth measurement circuit and a posture measurement circuit, and the circuit board 6 is used for communication and reading of sensor measurement data;

[0047] The attitude sensor 5 is arranged on the circuit board 6 and is used to measure the spatial attitude of the underwater standard target body;

[0048] The load-bearing communication cable 7 is used for connecting the intelligent underwater standard target body with the dry-end equipment and transmitting signals.

[0049] Specifically, the diameter of the shell 1 is set to D, and the diameter D is determined by the design index of the target strength TS of the intelligent underwater standard target body, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0050]

[0051] The thickness t of the shell 1 is:

[0052]

[0053] Wherein, γ is the ratio of the density of the shell 1 material to that of water.

[0054] Taking into account the requirements of good seawater corrosion resistance and lightweight, an intelligent underwater standard target is made of aluminum alloy with a diameter of 400mm and a thickness of 56mm.

[0055] The intelligent underwater standard target is slowly placed in the water. The circuit board 6 uses the temperature and pressure measured by the pressure sensor 4 and the temperature sensor 3 to calculate the speed of sound in the water through an empirical formula, and uses RS485 serial port communication to transmit the temperature, pressure, speed of sound in the water and the posture of the intelligent underwater standard target in real time.

[0056] Specifically, the empirical formula is as follows:

[0057] c=1402.7+4.88T-0.0482T 2 +0.000135T 3 +(0.159+2.8×10 -4 T+2.4×10 -6 T 2 )

[0058] Among them, c is the speed of sound in water, T is the temperature in water, and P is the water pressure.

[0059] Specifically, the attitude sensor 5 measures the acceleration and angle of the intelligent underwater standard target in the X, Y, and Z directions in real time, and calculates the displacement of the intelligent underwater standard target in space through the main control circuit:

[0060]

[0063] in, is the spatial angle in the X, Y, and Z directions, a X (t), a Y (t), a Z (t) is the acceleration in the X, Y, and Z directions.

[0064] Specifically, the dry-end device includes a wireless communication module and an acoustic beacon. The dry-end device is used to provide a radio frequency signal to the intelligent underwater standard target body, stimulate the high-frequency transducer 2 to generate an acoustic wave signal, which is transmitted from the water medium to the acoustic beacon. The dry-end device calculates that the propagation time of the acoustic wave signal from the high-frequency transducer 2 to the acoustic beacon is τ0, and further obtains the distance between the acoustic beacon and the high-frequency transducer 2 as

[0065] L=cτ0

[0066] Wherein, L is the distance between the acoustic beacon and the high-frequency transducer 2, and c is the speed of sound in water.

[0067] The main control circuit is used to transmit the measurement and calculation information to the dry end device through the load-bearing communication cable 7. The specific coding format is: The data transmission protocol is RS485 serial port protocol.

[0068] Specifically, the load-bearing communication cable 7 is a four-core cable, two of which are used for serial communication, namely, respectively connecting the circuit board 6 and the dry-end device, and the other two are connected to the high-frequency transducer 2 .

[0069] Specifically, the surface of the pressure sensor 4 is vulcanized to conform to the spherical shell 1 , and the temperature sensor 3 and the pressure sensor 4 are connected to the circuit board 6 via wires.

[0070] Specifically, the housing 1 is made of corrosion-resistant metal material, such as stainless steel or aluminum alloy.

[0071] The present invention provides a radio frequency signal to the intelligent underwater standard target through the dry-end device, which stimulates the high-frequency transducer 2 to generate an acoustic wave signal, which is transmitted from the water medium to the acoustic beacon. The dry-end device calculates the propagation time of the acoustic wave signal from the high-frequency transducer 2 to the acoustic beacon, and further obtains the distance between the acoustic beacon and the high-frequency transducer 2. The wireless communication module in the dry-end device transmits the measured distance and the posture information of the intelligent underwater standard target to the outside through radio. Through L, s X (t), s Y (t), s Z (t) and other parameters can accurately predict the spatial position of the intelligent underwater standard target in the water.

[0072] The above description is only a preferred implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any modification and replacement based on the technical solution and inventive concept provided by the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent underwater standard target, characterized in that: include: The housing (1) adopts a spherical metal housing structure; Two high-frequency transducers (2) are symmetrically arranged and embedded in the housing (1) for generating specific ultrasonic signals in water; A temperature sensor (3) is attached to the surface of the housing (1) and is used to measure the temperature in water; A pressure sensor (4), embedded in the housing (1), for measuring the pressure in water; A circuit board (6) is arranged inside the housing (1), the circuit board (6) comprising a main control circuit, a temperature measurement circuit, a depth measurement circuit and a posture measurement circuit, and the circuit board (6) is used for communication and reading of sensor measurement data; A posture sensor (5) is arranged on a circuit board (6) and is used to measure the spatial posture of an underwater standard target body; The load-bearing communication cable (7) is used for connecting the intelligent underwater standard target body with the dry end equipment and transmitting signals.

2. The intelligent underwater standard target according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the shell (1) is set to D, and the diameter D is determined by the design index of the target strength TS of the intelligent underwater standard target body, and the calculation formula is as follows: The thickness t of the shell (1) is: Here, γ is the ratio of the density of the shell (1) material to that of water.

3. The intelligent underwater standard target according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circuit board (6) uses the measured temperature and pressure to calculate the speed of sound in water through an empirical formula, and uses RS485 serial port communication to transmit the temperature, pressure, speed of sound in water and the posture of the intelligent underwater standard target body in real time.

4. The intelligent underwater standard target according to claim 1, characterized in that: The attitude sensor (5) measures the acceleration and angle of the intelligent underwater standard target in the X, Y and Z directions in real time, and calculates the displacement of the intelligent underwater standard target in space through the main control circuit. in, is the spatial angle in the X, Y, and Z directions, a X (t), a Y (t), a Z (t) is the acceleration in the X, Y, and Z directions.

5. The intelligent underwater standard target according to claim 3, characterized in that: The dry-end device comprises a wireless communication module and an acoustic beacon. The dry-end device is used to provide a radio frequency signal to the intelligent underwater standard target body, to stimulate the high-frequency transducer (2) to generate an acoustic wave signal, which is transmitted from the water medium to the acoustic beacon. The dry-end device calculates that the propagation time of the acoustic wave signal from the high-frequency transducer (2) to the acoustic beacon is τ0, and further obtains that the distance between the acoustic beacon and the high-frequency transducer (2) is L=cτ0 Wherein, L is the distance between the acoustic beacon and the high frequency transducer (2), and c is the speed of sound in water.

6. The intelligent underwater standard target according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main control circuit is used to transmit measurement and calculation information to the dry end equipment through the load-bearing communication cable (7).

7. The intelligent underwater standard target according to claim 1, characterized in that: The load-bearing communication cable (7) is a four-core cable, two of which are used for serial communication, and the other two are connected to the high-frequency transducer (2).

8. The intelligent underwater standard target according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the pressure sensor (4) is vulcanized, and the temperature sensor (3) and the pressure sensor (4) are both connected to the circuit board (6) via wires.

9. The intelligent underwater standard target according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell (1) is made of corrosion-resistant metal material.

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