Light topological heat pipe sleeve thin-shell radiator for high-specific-power motor of unmanned aerial vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses a light topological heat pipe sleeve thin-shell radiator for a high-specific-power motor of an unmanned aerial vehicle. The light topological heat pipe sleeve thin-shell radiator comprises a first-stage heat pipe and a second-stage heat pipe, according to the light topological heat pipe sleeve thin-shell radiator for the unmanned aerial vehicle high-specific-power motor, heat dissipation of the unmanned aerial vehicle high-specific-power motor is achieved based on the first-stage heat pipe and the second-stage heat pipe; the high-specific-power motor of the unmanned aerial vehicle works in a near space atmospheric environment. According to the heat radiator, the heat radiation area required by air-cooled heat radiation of the heat pipe is greatly increased, the temperature uniformity and the heat radiation efficiency of the heat pipe are improved, compared with heat radiation of fins at a condensation section of a traditional heat pipe, the heat radiation capability is improved by more than 10 times, and heat generated in a motor can be well and rapidly taken away even under the condition of rarefied atmosphere.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of unmanned aerial vehicles, heat pipes and heat dissipation devices, and in particular relates to a lightweight topological heat pipe sleeve thin shell heat sink for a high power ratio motor of an unmanned aerial vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Near-space long-flight UAVs are characterized by long flight, long stay, and uninterrupted operation. The outstanding contradiction between their load and energy supply level puts forward higher requirements for weight reduction, efficiency improvement, and energy consumption reduction of the propulsion system. The propulsion motor is the core power component of near-space aircraft. In this context, there are two major challenges: how to improve the specific power and how to improve work efficiency. A key bottleneck restricting the above two challenges of the motor is the heat dissipation problem inside the motor. In addition, the atmospheric density in near-space above 20 kilometers is only about 1 / 15 of that on the ground. The thin air causes the convection coefficient of traditional air cooling to be greatly reduced, and the heat dissipation problem of the motor is prominent. Measures such as optimizing the internal air duct structure of the motor and increasing the power and speed of the cooling fan are only simple improvements and cannot fundamentally solve or improve the thermal problem.

[0003] At present, the cooling method of the motor mainly adopts air cooling. One way is to design air-cooled fins on the motor casing to increase the convection heat exchange area with the environment; the other is to establish an air flow field inside the motor by a fan arranged coaxially with the shaft. Since the coil windings are closely arranged and stacked in the motor stator slots, in practice the wind field inside the motor can only flow through the gaps between the edges of the coils and different slots, and the heat transfer method between the closely stacked wires inside the windings is still mainly heat conduction. Therefore, even under ground conditions where the air density remains unchanged, the heat dissipation of the coil windings is still poor. In order to improve the efficiency of dissipating the heat generated by the winding wires into the external environment heat sink, heat pipes are introduced into the motor stator heat dissipation as a high thermal conductivity element, and their enhanced heat dissipation effect is significant.

[0004] There are many published documents and patents on the use of heat pipes in motors. These documents and patents present the following characteristics: First, the heat pipes mainly use conventional straight cylindrical heat pipes; second, most motors work on the ground, and the design of the heat pipe condensation section is either combined with water cooling or through the condensation section fins combined with air cooling; third, the heat pipe heat dissipation of UAVs has not yet involved the challenges brought by the rarefied atmospheric environment conditions and the demand for high specific power motors. In order to improve the specific power of the propulsion motor of the airborne UAV, one is to reduce the size and weight of the motor as much as possible while ensuring that the power remains unchanged; second, the traditional motor design scheme of the outer stator and inner rotor is changed to the mode of the outer rotor and inner stator, increasing the motor rotation torque, stator density and motor space utilization. These changes in the motor of the airborne UAV mean that it generates more heat in a smaller weight, the inner stator cannot dissipate heat to the outside through the motor casing, and the heat problem in a more compact space is more prominent. Therefore, the conventional simple heat pipe design can no longer meet its heat dissipation needs. In addition, due to the harsher atmospheric environment in the near-space, it is necessary to develop a new lightweight and high-performance heat pipe design for the rarefied atmosphere of the near-space. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technology of the present invention solves the problem: Overcoming the shortcomings of the prior art, providing a lightweight topological heat pipe sleeve thin shell radiator for a high power density motor of an unmanned aerial vehicle, which greatly increases the heat dissipation area required for air-cooled heat dissipation of the heat pipe, while improving the temperature uniformity and heat dissipation efficiency of the heat pipe. Compared with the traditional heat pipe condensation section fin heat dissipation, the heat dissipation capacity is increased by more than 10 times, and the heat generated inside the motor can be better and faster even under the thin atmospheric conditions at high altitudes.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention discloses a lightweight topological heat pipe sleeve thin shell radiator for a high power density motor of an unmanned aerial vehicle, comprising: a primary heat pipe and a secondary heat pipe; wherein, the lightweight topological heat pipe sleeve thin shell radiator for a high power density motor of an unmanned aerial vehicle realizes heat dissipation of the high power density motor of the unmanned aerial vehicle based on the primary heat pipe and the secondary heat pipe; the high power density motor of the unmanned aerial vehicle operates in a near-space atmospheric environment.

[0007] In the above-mentioned lightweight topological heat pipe sleeve thin shell radiator for the high power density motor of the UAV, the high power density motor of the UAV includes: an inner stator, an outer rotor, a motor shaft and a motor housing; wherein the inner stator and the outer rotor are arranged in the motor housing; the inner stator is located in the outer rotor; the rotation of the outer rotor drives the motor shaft to rotate, thereby driving the rotation of the propeller of the UAV.

[0008] In the above-mentioned lightweight topological heat pipe sleeve thin shell radiator for the high power density motor of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the first-level heat pipe includes: a heating section A and a condensing section A connected with a smooth transition; the second-level heat pipe includes: a heating section B and a condensing section B connected with a smooth transition; wherein the heating section A contacts the inner stator and absorbs the heat generated by the inner stator coil in the form of heat conduction; the heating section B contacts the condensing section A and absorbs the heat transmitted by the first-level heat pipe in the form of heat conduction; the condensing section B extends along the envelope of the motor housing in a bionic topological manner, that is, it first bends and extends outward from the tail end of the motor housing, and then bends and extends toward the front end of the motor housing along the axial direction of the high power density motor of the unmanned aerial vehicle.

[0009] In the above-mentioned lightweight topological heat pipe sleeve thin shell radiator for the high power density motor of the UAV, the first-level heat pipe is arranged in a plurality of circular rings; the heating section A is designed as a cylindrical heat pipe that penetrates into the inner stator, or fits tightly on the circumferential outer surface of the inner stator, or fits tightly on the rear end outer surface of the inner stator; the outer surface of the condensation section A is embedded in the inner surface of the heating section B, and they are fixed together by welding or riveting.

[0010] In the above-mentioned lightweight topological heat pipe sleeve thin shell radiator for the high power density motor of the UAV, the first-level heat pipe and the second-level heat pipe are designed to be divided into two halves, that is, the heating section A, the condensing section A, the heating section B and the condensing section B are designed to be divided into two halves; among which, the upper and lower halves of the condensing section B and the upper and lower halves of the heating section B respectively form an integral topological heat pipe.

[0011] In the lightweight topological heat pipe sleeve thin shell radiator for the above-mentioned UAV high power ratio motor, the upper and lower halves of the secondary heat pipe are designed as an integral ultra-thin flat heat pipe, with a vacuum cavity structure inside, arranged with a capillary wick and filled with heat pipe working medium.

[0012] In the above-mentioned lightweight topological heat pipe sleeve thin shell radiator for the high power density motor of the UAV, the upper and lower halves of the secondary heat pipe are respectively designed as a combined structure combining an ultra-thin metal plate and a pulsating heat pipe; wherein the outer surface of the pulsating heat pipe is embedded in the inner surface of the ultra-thin metal plate and welded together.

[0013] In the lightweight topological heat pipe sleeve thin shell radiator for the above-mentioned high power density motor of the UAV, the thickness of the ultra-thin metal plate is: 0.5~1.0mm; the outer diameter of the pulsating heat pipe is: 2~4mm.

[0014] In the above-mentioned lightweight topological heat pipe sleeve thin shell radiator for the high power density motor of the UAV, the secondary heat pipe is a circular sleeve thin shell three-dimensional structure, and the upper and lower halves of the secondary heat pipe are respectively half of the circular sleeve thin shell three-dimensional structure.

[0015] In the lightweight topological heat pipe sleeve thin shell radiator for the above-mentioned UAV high power density motor, the packaging metal material of the first-level heat pipe and the second-level heat pipe is copper alloy, aluminum alloy or titanium alloy; the two-phase working medium of the first-level heat pipe and the second-level heat pipe is distilled water, ammonia, acetone, ethanol or Freon; the first-level heat pipe and the second-level heat pipe both adopt a thin shell design, and the weight of the entire radiator does not exceed 100g.

[0016] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0017] (1) The present invention discloses a lightweight topological heat pipe sleeve thin shell radiator for a high power ratio motor of an unmanned aerial vehicle. It discloses for the first time a new type of heat pipe radiator for unmanned aerial vehicle motors operating in the harsh environment of the thin atmosphere of near space. While greatly increasing the heat dissipation area required for air-cooled heat dissipation of the heat pipe, it improves the temperature uniformity and heat dissipation efficiency of the heat pipe. Compared with the heat dissipation of the fin of the condensation section of the traditional heat pipe, the heat dissipation capacity of the radiator of the present invention is improved by more than 10 times, and even in the thin atmosphere of high altitude, it can quickly and effectively remove the heat generated inside the motor.

[0018] (2) The present invention discloses a lightweight topological heat pipe sleeve thin shell radiator for a high power ratio motor of an unmanned aerial vehicle. It innovatively designs a two-stage heat pipe topological sleeve thin shell structure, which realizes uniform temperature heat dissipation of a large area of ​​heat pipes, thereby greatly improving the heat dissipation capacity and having the advantage of light weight; the topological configuration realizes a design that is coaxial with the motor and has a bionic appearance, which is equivalent to putting a thin "coat" on the motor, thereby minimizing the flight flow resistance; the sleeve thin shell adopts a two-half design instead of an integrated design, which improves the processing and preparation feasibility of the radiator and the convenience of installation and maintenance.

[0019] (3) The present invention discloses a lightweight topological heat pipe sleeve thin shell radiator for a high specific power motor of an unmanned aerial vehicle. Compared with a traditional motor, a motor using the radiator of the present invention can remove the fins on the motor casing and the cooling fan on the motor. While supporting the effective heat dissipation of the motor, the output torque of the motor and the compactness of the motor structure are improved, thereby reducing the weight and increasing the efficiency of the motor, and improving the specific power index of the motor in near-space unmanned aerial vehicle applications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a front view of a lightweight topological heat pipe sleeve thin shell radiator for a high specific power motor of a UAV according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 AA section view;

[0022] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of coupling between a primary heat pipe and a secondary heat pipe in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a combined structure of a two-stage heat pipe in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a traditional heat pipe air cooling solution in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the embodiments disclosed in the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] Reference Figures 1 to 3 In this embodiment, the lightweight topological heat pipe sleeve thin shell radiator for the high power specific motor of the unmanned aerial vehicle comprises: a primary heat pipe 101 and a secondary heat pipe 102. The lightweight topological heat pipe sleeve thin shell radiator for the high power specific motor of the unmanned aerial vehicle realizes heat dissipation of the high power specific motor of the unmanned aerial vehicle based on the primary heat pipe 101 and the secondary heat pipe 102; the high power specific motor of the unmanned aerial vehicle works in a near-space atmosphere environment with poor heat dissipation conditions and a small mass flow of rarefied air 110.

[0027] In this embodiment, the high specific power motor of the drone specifically includes: an inner stator 103, an outer rotor 104, a motor shaft 105 and a motor housing 106. Among them, the inner stator 103 and the outer rotor 104 are arranged in the motor housing 106; the inner stator 103 is located in the outer rotor 104; the rotation of the outer rotor 104 drives the motor shaft 105 to rotate, thereby driving the rotation of the drone propeller 107. Designing the motor into an inner stator + outer rotor working mode is conducive to improving the compactness of the motor winding arrangement, increasing the output torque of the rotor, thereby reducing the size and weight of the motor, and greatly improving the specific power performance of the motor; however, the heat flux density of the inner stator increases, and the heat of the inner stator cannot be dissipated through the traditional motor outer housing.

[0028] In this embodiment, the first-level heat pipe 101 specifically includes: a heating section A1011 and a condensing section A1012 connected by a smooth transition; the second-level heat pipe 102 specifically includes: a heating section B1021 and a condensing section B1022 connected by a smooth transition. Among them, the heating section A1011 contacts the inner stator 103 and absorbs the heat generated by the inner stator coil in the form of heat conduction; the heating section B1021 contacts the condensing section A1012 and absorbs the heat transmitted by the first-level heat pipe 101 in the form of heat conduction; the condensing section B1022 extends along the envelope of the motor housing 106 in a bionic topological manner, that is, it first bends and extends outward from the tail end of the motor housing 106, and then bends and extends toward the front end of the motor housing 106 along the axial direction of the high power ratio motor of the drone, so as to realize the topological streamline bionic design of the lightweight topological heat pipe sleeve thin shell radiator for the high power ratio motor of the drone, and the topological streamline bionic design can reduce the resistance caused by the installation of the radiator during the flight of the drone.

[0029] In this embodiment, the first-level heat pipe 101 is arranged in a plurality of circular rings. The heating section A1011 is designed as a cylindrical heat pipe that penetrates into the inner stator 103, or fits tightly to the circumferential outer surface of the inner stator 103, or fits tightly to the rear end outer surface of the inner stator 103. The outer surface of the condensing section A1012 is embedded in the inner surface of the heating section B1021, and they are fixed together by welding or riveting.

[0030] In this embodiment, considering the convenience of installation and arrangement, the first-level heat pipe 101 and the second-level heat pipe 102 are designed to be divided into two halves, that is, the heating section A1011, the condensing section A1012, the heating section B1021 and the condensing section B1022 are designed to be divided into two halves. The upper and lower halves of the condensing section B1022 and the upper and lower halves of the heating section B1021 respectively form an integral topological heat pipe.

[0031] Furthermore, the upper and lower halves of the secondary heat pipe 102 can be designed as an integral ultra-thin flat heat pipe, with a vacuum cavity structure inside, and a capillary wick and a heat pipe working medium.

[0032] Furthermore, the upper and lower halves of the secondary heat pipe 102 can be designed as a combined structure combining an ultra-thin metal plate 201 and a pulsating heat pipe 202. Figure 4 As shown, the outer surface of the pulsating heat pipe 202 is embedded in the inner surface of the ultra-thin metal plate 201 and welded together. The thickness of the ultra-thin metal plate 201 is 0.5-1.0 mm; the outer diameter of the pulsating heat pipe 202 is 2-4 mm.

[0033] In this embodiment, the secondary heat pipe 102 is a circular sleeve thin shell three-dimensional structure, and the upper and lower halves of the secondary heat pipe 102 are respectively a half circular sleeve thin shell three-dimensional structure. The semi-circular sleeve structure is flattened along the axial direction and the annular arc direction of the UAV high power ratio motor to form a rectangular ultra-thin flat shell, which greatly increases the heat exchange area for the heat pipe to effectively dissipate heat to the surrounding atmosphere; the rectangular ultra-thin flat shell can be processed into a topological heat pipe sleeve through a sheet metal hot forming process.

[0034] In this embodiment, the packaging metal material of the primary heat pipe 101 and the secondary heat pipe 102 is copper alloy, aluminum alloy or titanium alloy. The two-phase working medium of the primary heat pipe 101 and the secondary heat pipe 102 is a low-temperature fluid such as distilled water, ammonia, acetone, ethanol or Freon. The primary heat pipe 101 and the secondary heat pipe 102 are both thin-shell designed, and the weight of the entire radiator does not exceed 100g.

[0035] In this embodiment, if Figure 5 As shown, the motor after adopting the radiator of the present invention can remove the fins 1081 of the condensing section of the first-level heat pipe in the traditional heat pipe heat dissipation solution, the fins 1082 on the motor housing, and the fan 109 arranged inside or at the rear end of the motor.

[0036] Although the present invention has been disclosed as above in the form of a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art may make possible changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention by using the methods and technical contents disclosed above without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

[0037] The contents not described in detail in the specification of the present invention belong to the common knowledge of the professionals in this field.

Claims

1. A lightweight topology heat pipe sleeve thin shell radiator for high power ratio motor of unmanned aerial vehicle, characterized in that: include: A primary heat pipe (101) and a secondary heat pipe (102); wherein the lightweight topological heat pipe sleeve thin shell heat sink for the high power density motor of the unmanned aerial vehicle realizes heat dissipation of the high power density motor of the unmanned aerial vehicle based on the primary heat pipe (101) and the secondary heat pipe (102); the high power density motor of the unmanned aerial vehicle operates in a near-space atmospheric environment.

2. The lightweight topology heat pipe sleeve thin shell radiator for high power ratio motor of UAV according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A high specific power motor for a drone comprises: an inner stator (103), an outer rotor (104), a motor shaft (105) and a motor housing (106); wherein the inner stator (103) and the outer rotor (104) are arranged in the motor housing (106); the inner stator (103) is located in the outer rotor (104); the rotation of the outer rotor (104) drives the motor shaft (105) to rotate, thereby driving the rotation of a drone propeller (107).

3. The lightweight topology heat pipe sleeve thin shell radiator for high specific power motor of UAV according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A first-level heat pipe (101) comprises: a heating section A (1011) and a condensing section A (1012) connected with a smooth transition; a second-level heat pipe (102) comprises: a heating section B (1021) and a condensing section B (1022) connected with a smooth transition; wherein the heating section A (1011) contacts an inner stator (103) and absorbs heat generated by the inner stator coil in the form of heat conduction; the heating section B (1021) contacts the condensing section A (1012) and absorbs heat transmitted by the first-level heat pipe (101) in the form of heat conduction; and the condensing section B (1022) extends along the envelope of a motor housing (106) in a bionic topological manner, i.e., it first bends and extends outwards from the rear end of the motor housing (106), and then bends and extends toward the front end of the motor housing (106) along the axial direction of the high power ratio motor of the drone.

4. The lightweight topology heat pipe sleeve thin shell radiator for high specific power motor of UAV according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The first-stage heat pipe (101) is arranged in a plurality of circular rings; the heating section A (1011) is designed as a cylindrical heat pipe and penetrates into the interior of the inner stator (103), or fits tightly against the circumferential outer surface of the inner stator (103), or fits tightly against the rear end outer surface of the inner stator (103); the outer surface of the condensation section A (1012) is embedded in the inner surface of the heating section B (1021), and the two are fixed together by welding or riveting.

5. The lightweight topology heat pipe sleeve thin shell radiator for high specific power motor of UAV according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The first-stage heat pipe (101) and the second-stage heat pipe (102) are both designed to be divided into upper and lower halves, that is, the heating section A (1011), the condensing section A (1012), the heating section B (1021) and the condensing section B (1022) are all designed to be divided into upper and lower halves; wherein the upper and lower halves of the condensing section B (1022) and the upper and lower halves of the heating section B (1021) respectively form an integral topological heat pipe.

6. The lightweight topology heat pipe sleeve thin shell radiator for high specific power motor of UAV according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The upper and lower halves of the secondary heat pipe (102) are respectively designed as an integral ultra-thin flat plate heat pipe, the interior of which is a vacuum cavity structure, and is provided with a capillary wick and filled with a heat pipe working medium.

7. The lightweight topology heat pipe sleeve thin shell radiator for high specific power motor of UAV according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The upper and lower halves of the secondary heat pipe (102) are respectively designed as a combined structure combining an ultra-thin metal plate (201) and a pulsating heat pipe (202); wherein the outer surface of the pulsating heat pipe (202) is embedded in the inner surface of the ultra-thin metal plate (201) and welded together.

8. The lightweight topology heat pipe sleeve thin shell radiator for high specific power motor of UAV according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The thickness of the ultra-thin metal plate (201) is: 0.5~1.0mm; the outer diameter of the pulsating heat pipe (202) is: 2~4mm.

9. The lightweight topology heat pipe sleeve thin shell radiator for high specific power motor of UAV according to claim 5, characterized in that: The secondary heat pipe (102) is a circular sleeve thin shell type three-dimensional structure, and the upper and lower halves of the secondary heat pipe (102) are respectively half of the circular sleeve thin shell type three-dimensional structure.

10. The lightweight topology heat pipe sleeve thin shell radiator for high specific power motor of UAV according to claim 3, characterized in that: The packaging metal material of the first-level heat pipe (101) and the second-level heat pipe (102) is copper alloy, aluminum alloy or titanium alloy; the two-phase working medium of the first-level heat pipe (101) and the second-level heat pipe (102) is distilled water, ammonia, acetone, ethanol or Freon; the first-level heat pipe (101) and the second-level heat pipe (102) both adopt a thin shell design, and the weight of the entire radiator does not exceed 100g.

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