Breeding method of excellent kiwi fruit rootstock

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of plant cultivation, in particular to an excellent kiwi fruit rootstock breeding method which comprises the steps that actinidia kolomikta which grows robustly and vigorously is selected as a male parent material, and actinidia arguta which grows robustly and vigorously is selected as a female parent material; hybridizing the male parent material and the female parent material to obtain hybrid seeds; carrying out seedling sowing, seedling cultivation and seedling field planting on the hybrid seeds; selecting an excellent kiwi fruit plant from the planted seedlings as a kiwi fruit rootstock material; the kiwi fruit rootstock material is used for rapid breeding, and the novel woody-root kiwi fruit rootstock which is resistant to drought and waterlogging and strong in growth is obtained. By means of the breeding method, the excellent novel woody-root kiwi fruit stock which is resistant to drought, resistant to waterlogging and strong in growth can be obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of plant cultivation, in particular to a breeding method for excellent kiwifruit rootstock. Background Art

[0002] Kiwifruit has a unique flavor, contains dietary fiber and a variety of mineral nutrients, has the effect of clearing the intestines and strengthening the stomach, and is a fruit that is deeply favored by consumers. Kiwifruit is a perennial vine plant, and reproduction requires planting of seedlings and grafting of buds on seedlings. For many years, seedlings have been mainly planted after sowing seeds of Actinidia chinensis or Actinidia chinensis, but Actinidia chinensis or Actinidia chinensis have poor resistance to waterlogging and drought. After sowing seeds, a large number of separation phenomena occur, and individual resistance varies. Unwanted female kiwifruit varieties have poor resistance to stress.

[0003] The fleshy roots of current kiwifruit rootstocks are shallowly distributed and poorly drought-tolerant. In addition, the leaves are large and the transpiration is strong, so kiwifruit plants are particularly afraid of high temperatures and drought. In addition, the fleshy roots of kiwifruit are sensitive to hypoxia, and waterlogging for several days will cause the plants to shed leaves or die, so kiwifruit is also particularly afraid of waterlogging. The above characteristics of the kiwifruit root system often become the key limiting factor in improving its yield and quality, and even become a bottleneck problem restricting the development of the kiwifruit industry. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a breeding method for excellent kiwifruit rootstocks, which can obtain an excellent new type of drought-resistant and waterlogged kiwifruit rootstock with strong growth, which is of great significance to improving kiwifruit yield and quality and promoting the sustainable development of the kiwifruit industry.

[0005] The present invention is achieved by adopting the following technical solutions: A method for breeding high-quality kiwifruit rootstocks, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: Step S 1 . Select the robust and vigorous Actinidia zedoariae as the male parent material, and select the robust and vigorous Actinidia zedoariae as the female parent material; Step S 2 . Hybridizing the male parent material and the female parent material to obtain hybrid seeds; Step S 3 . Complete seeding, seedling cultivation and seedling planting of the above hybrid seeds; Step S 4 . Then select a good kiwi fruit plant from the planted seedlings as the kiwi fruit rootstock material; Step S 5 . Using step S 4The kiwifruit rootstock material obtained was used for rapid breeding to obtain a new type of woody root kiwifruit rootstock that is drought-resistant, waterlogged-resistant and has strong growth.

[0006] The step S 1 Strong and vigorous growth specifically means: one-year-old branches are more than 1 cm in diameter and more than 2 meters in length; 5-year-old main stems are more than 10 cm in diameter; the root system is well-developed and has many fibrous roots.

[0007] When the selected male and female parent materials are wild plants, their branches are taken and grafted onto delicious kiwifruit seedlings respectively.

[0008] The step S 4 The characteristics of Chinese kiwifruit rootstock material are: young branches are smooth, with small, white and solid pith; alternate year branches are gray-green with prominent lenticels; the root system is well-developed, the roots are woody roots, and the taproot is well-developed.

[0009] The step S 5 Rapid propagation specifically refers to: rapid propagation through cuttings.

[0010] Rapid propagation by cuttings includes the following steps: Step S 51 . Collection of scion; Step S 52 . Preparation of scion storage nursery; Step S 53 . Storage of scion; Step S 54 . Preparation of nursery; Step S 55 . Preparation of cuttings; Step S 56 . Cuttings; Step S 57 . Daily management; Step S 58 . Transplant the seedlings.

[0011] The step S 54 The preparation of the nursery includes: compacting the well-sorted soil and then covering it with black agricultural film.

[0012] The step S 56 The process of medium cutting includes: inserting the scion into the soil at an angle of 45 degrees to the ground, with the oblique direction being in one direction.

[0013] The step S 57 Daily management includes: when the scion grows 2 to 3 leaves, pinching is carried out.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. Compared with the seedling rootstocks of Actinidia deliciosa or Actinidia seu calyx, the kiwifruit rootstock obtained by the method still grows well after being flooded for 24 hours, and there is no death phenomenon when planted in heavy and barren soil. The grafting survival rate of red-fleshed kiwifruit and yellow-fleshed kiwifruit varieties is more than 95%, the yield per mu is more than 3,000 catties, the annual root thickness is 2-3CM, and there is no "big and small feet" phenomenon. The kiwifruit rootstock in the present invention has the advantages of excellent drought resistance and waterlogging resistance and strong growth, which is of great significance to improving the yield and quality of kiwifruit and promoting the sustainable development of the kiwifruit industry.

[0015] 2. In the present invention, there is no restriction on the sources of the male parent material and the female parent material, and both wild resources and artificially cultivated resources are acceptable, as long as they meet the requirements of healthy and vigorous growth.

[0016] 3. In the present invention, the soil in the nursery needs to be compacted so that the scion can fully contact the soil and have a good moisturizing effect. In addition, black agricultural film is used for covering to increase the temperature of the soil so that the scion can first take root and then sprout. Compared with the conventional growth mode of first sprouting and regenerating roots, the survival rate of cuttings can be improved.

[0017] 4. Insert the scion into the soil at an angle of 45 degrees to the ground. The slant direction should be in one direction so that the scion can fully contact the soil, which is convenient for improving the survival rate.

[0018] 5. When the scion grows 2 to 3 leaves, pinching can promote the scion to take root and sprout again, further improving the survival rate of the cuttings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, wherein: Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram comparing the root system of the kiwifruit rootstock of the present invention with the root system of the seedling rootstock of Actinidia deliciosa or Actinidia seu calyx; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a branch of a kiwifruit rootstock in the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the flower of the kiwifruit rootstock in the present invention Figure 1 ; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the flower of the kiwifruit rootstock in the present invention Figure 2 ; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of flowers and leaves of kiwifruit rootstock in the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the leaves of the kiwifruit rootstock in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] Example 1 As a basic embodiment of the present invention, the present invention includes a method for breeding excellent kiwifruit rootstock, comprising the following steps: Step S 1 . Select the strong and vigorous Actinidia zedoaria kiwifruit as the male material, and select the strong and vigorous Actinidia zedoaria kiwifruit as the female material.

[0021] Step S 2 . Hybridize the male material and the female material to obtain hybrid seeds.

[0022] Step S 3 . Complete seed sowing, seedling cultivation and seedling planting of the above hybrid seeds.

[0023] Step S 4 . Then, a good kiwifruit plant was selected from the planted seedlings as the kiwifruit rootstock material. The good kiwifruit plant showed vigorous growth and strong resistance.

[0024] Step S 5 . Using step S 4 The kiwifruit rootstock material obtained was used for rapid breeding to obtain a new type of woody root kiwifruit rootstock that is drought-resistant, waterlogged-resistant and has strong growth.

[0025] In this embodiment, the hybridization method, the method for obtaining hybrid seeds, the method for sowing seeds, the method for cultivating seedlings, the method for planting seedlings and the method for rapid propagation can all adopt conventional kiwifruit cultivation methods in the art.

[0026] Example 2 As another embodiment of the present invention, the present invention includes a method for breeding excellent kiwifruit rootstock, comprising the following steps: Step S 1 . Select the robust and vigorous Actinidia chinensis as the male parent material, and select the robust and vigorous Actinidia gezao as the female parent material. The Actinidia chinensis and Actinidia gezao are both artificially planted, with robust growth and vigorous growth, one-year-old branches with a diameter of more than 1 cm and a length of more than 2 meters, and a 5-year-old main stem with a diameter of more than 10 cm, a well-developed root system, many fibrous roots, and water and drought resistance.

[0027] Step S 2 . Hybridize the male material and the female material to obtain hybrid seeds.

[0028] Step S 3 . Complete seed sowing, seedling cultivation and seedling planting of the above hybrid seeds.

[0029] Step S4 . Then, a good kiwifruit plant was selected from the planted seedlings as the kiwifruit rootstock material. The young branches of the kiwifruit rootstock material are smooth, with small, white and solid pith; the branches of the alternate year are gray-green with more obvious lenticels; the root system is well-developed, the roots are woody roots, and the taproot is well-developed.

[0030] Step S 5 . Using step S 4 The kiwifruit rootstock material obtained is rapidly propagated by cuttings to obtain a new type of woody root kiwifruit rootstock that is drought-resistant, waterlogging-resistant and has strong growth.

[0031] Example 3 As the best embodiment of the present invention, the present invention includes a method for breeding excellent kiwifruit rootstock, comprising the following steps: Step S 1 . Actinidia chinensis was selected as the male parent material, and Actinidia kudzui was selected as the female parent material. Both the male parent material and the female parent material are wild resources, specifically collected from the wild environment of Yinghua Mountain in Hongbai Town, Shifang, Sichuan Province.

[0032] The characteristics of the dog-shaped kiwifruit used as the male material are as follows: branches, twigs purple-brown, about 3 mm in diameter, short flower branches are basically hairless, with more obvious yellow lenticels, long flower branches are thinly covered with short hairs on the top when young, with less obvious lenticels, alternate year branches are brown, about 5 mm in diameter, shiny, lenticels are quite obvious, slightly raised; pith brown, lamellar. Leaves are membranous or thin papery, broadly ovate, oblong ovate to oblong obovate, 6-15 cm long, 5-10 cm wide, acute to shortly acuminate at the apex, cordate at the base, a few are rounded to truncate, asymmetrical on both sides, with simple or double serrations on the margins, nearly the same color on both sides, often turning white on the upper part, then gradually turning purple-red, nearly clean on both sides or slightly covered with some dusty soft hairs along the midrib and lateral veins, with scattered weak small prickles on the ventral side, with or without pubescent hairs on the axils of the lateral veins on the dorsal side, the leaf veins are not well developed, nearly flat, with 6-8 pairs of lateral veins; petiole 2.5-5 cm long, slightly covered with a small amount of dusty soft hairs at first, then bald. Flowers, cymes, males have 3 flowers, females usually have 1 solitary flower, pedicel and slender, more or less yellow-brown pubescent, pedicel 8-12 mm long, pedicel 4-8 mm long, bracts small, subulate, less than 1 mm, flowers white or pink, fragrant, 15-20 mm in diameter; sepals 5, oblong ovate, 4-6 mm long, both sides covered with very faint short pubescence, edges with ciliary hairs; petals 5, oblong obovate, 6-10 mm long; filaments filiform, 5-6 mm long, anthers yellow, oblong arrow-shaped, about 2 mm long; ovary cylindrical, about 3 mm long, glabrous, style 3-5 mm long. The fruit is oblong, ovate or spherical, sometimes flat and oblong, up to 2.5 cm long, with clean, hairless, spotless skin, dark green when unripe, light orange-red with dark vertical stripes when ripe; the calyx falls off when the fruit is ripe. The seeds are about 2 mm long.

[0033] The characteristics of the kiwifruit used as the mother material are as follows: branches, flowering twigs are slender, generally more than 20 cm, about 2.5 mm in diameter, basically glabrous, with the top of young branches slightly pubescent, and the lenticels are not very obvious; pith white, solid. Leaves, membranous (in flowering period) to thin papery, ovate or elliptic ovate, 7-14 cm long, 4.5-8 cm wide, acuminate to acuminate at the apex, rounded or broadly cuneate at the base, with fine serrations on the margins, green on the ventral side, with a few scattered small prickles, sometimes turning white or light yellow at the front end, light green on the back, with some curly pubescent hairs along the midrib and lateral veins, sometimes with a few small prickles on the midrib, the veins are relatively developed, circular and linear on the back, with about 7 pairs of lateral veins, the upper part of which is often bifurcated, with quite obvious transverse veins and inconspicuous reticular veins; petiole nearly glabrous, 1.5-3.5 cm long. Flowers, male cymes, peduncles densely brown silky, female flowers solitary, inflorescence 1-3 flowers, peduncles 2-3 mm long, pedicels 6-8 mm long, all thinly pubescent; bracts small, about 1 mm long; flowers white, fragrant, 2-2.5 cm in diameter; sepals 5, ovate to oblong ovate, 5-7 mm long, thinly pubescent or nearly pubescent on both sides; petals 5, obovate to oblong obovate, 8-13 mm long, the outer 2-3 backs are sometimes slightly pubescent; filaments linear, 5-6 mm long, anthers yellow, ovate arrow-shaped, 1-1.5 mm long; ovary urn-shaped, 4-6 mm long, clean and glabrous, style 3-4 mm long. Fruit, light orange when ripe, ovoid or columnar ovoid, light orange-red when ripe, 2.5-3 cm long, glabrous, without spots, with a beak at the top and persistent sepals at the base.

[0034] The branches of the above-mentioned male and female materials are taken and directly grafted onto perennial delicious kiwifruit seedlings. The grafting time is in autumn. The buds are cut on the main stem of the delicious kiwifruit seedlings. The buds are completely covered with a grafting film. After cutting, two-thirds of the branches and leaves of the delicious kiwifruit are cut off. After the leaves fall in winter, they are all cut off from the grafted buds. Before the spring of the second year, the grafted buds are cut with scissors to wait for the germination of spring buds.

[0035] Step S 2 . Hybridize the male material and the female material to obtain hybrid seeds.

[0036] In 2017, a large number of flowers bloomed. The male flowers of Actinidia kiwifruit were used for hybridization with the female plants of Actinidia gezao. The details include: Preparation of pollen from male flowers of Actinidia kiwifruit. When the male flowers just turn white, the anthers are manually removed and placed on clean white paper to separate them from other pollen. In an environment of 22-24 degrees Celsius, the pollen is exploded and placed in a sealed container for later use. When the female flowers of Actinidia gezao kiwifruit just turn white, use tweezers to gently open the petals, cover the whole flower with a sealed paper bag, and wait for 2-4 hours to start pollination. When pollinating, remove the paper bag on the female flower, quickly use a clean brush to gently apply the male flower pollen on the stigma of the female flower, and then cover the whole flower with a sealed paper bag. Remove the paper bag after 5-7 days to check whether the hybridization is successful. The fruit that is successfully hybridized is covered with an isolation bag on the outside. Manage the fruit as normal.

[0037] After the fruits are ripe, they are picked and softened naturally. The fruits are mashed and placed in a container and soaked in clean water for about 24 hours. The fruits are poured into a sieve and rinsed under clean water. Wait for the fruits to separate from the seeds. The washed seeds are placed on newspapers and dried naturally. Hybrid seeds were obtained in September 2017.

[0038] Step S 3 . Complete seed sowing, seedling cultivation and seedling planting of the above hybrid seeds.

[0039] Among them, seed sowing specifically refers to: about one month before the beginning of spring in 2018, store the seeds moisturizingly, place the seeds in a bag woven from gauze, place the well-permeable foam in a leaky container, and then place the seeds in the middle. For about a month, sprinkle with 40-50 degrees Celsius warm water once a day, and the seeds will germinate in about 20-30 days.

[0040] Among them, seedling cultivation specifically refers to: seedling cultivation technology is divided into two stages. The first stage is nutrient tray seedling cultivation, including the preparation of nutrient trays. The specifications of the nutrient trays are 21 holes and 120 grams. The nutrient soil with a thickness of 0-6 mm is sterilized at high temperature, soaked with clean water, and placed in the holes. The nutrient soil is compacted, and the sprouted seeds are gently placed in the nutrient soil with tweezers. The seeds should not be exposed to the soil surface, and the humidity of the nutrient soil should be kept above 80%. It cannot dry out. The second stage is nutrient pot seedling cultivation: the seedlings in the nutrient tray can be transplanted only after they grow 4-5 leaves. The specification of the nutrient pot is 26*21. The nutrient soil is prepared with 50% 0-10mm nutrient soil and 50% sandy loam. 100 grams of fungicide per cubic meter are used to kill insects and sterilize the soil. The soil and nutrient soil are fully mixed and clean water is added to keep the soil humidity at 60-70%. The mixed nutrient soil is put into the nutrient pot, and the seedlings in the nutrient tray are moved into the nutrient pot. The nutrient pot is placed in a semi-shaded and semi-sunny place to maintain the humidity of the nutrient soil. It is irrigated with 5‰ urea for about 10 days. A total of 560 seedlings were obtained.

[0041] Among them, the planting of seedlings specifically refers to: the preparation of the ridge surface, the ridge width is 6 meters, slightly higher in the middle, the ditch width is 1 meter, and the depth is 1 meter. The seedlings will be planted in November 2018.

[0042] Step S 4 . During the observation period of 2019-2020, an excellent kiwifruit plant was selected from the planted seedlings as the kiwifruit rootstock material. Specifically, after the seedlings grew up and bloomed, we observed and found that an F1 generation plant grew vigorously, showed strong resistance, and was significantly different from other plants. It was tentatively named "Shuzhen No. 1" and selected as the key observation plant.

[0043] The characteristics of "Shuzhen No. 1" are: the young branches are smooth, the pith is small, white and solid, the branches of the previous year are gray-green, and the lenticels are more obvious, as shown in the instructions. Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the left side is the branch of the previous year, and the right side is the young branch. The leaves are membranous or papery, ovate to ovate-oblong, 5-10cm long and 4.5-6.5cm wide, with acuminate or short acuminate tip, rounded, rounded or nearly cordate base, with fine serrations on the edge, glabrous on the upper side, and scattered rough hairs on the midrib on the lower side. When the leaves become old, some of the leaves turn grayish white, the petioles are red, and when young, they are thinly covered with very fine hairs, as shown in the instructions. Figure 5 And the instruction manual Figure 6 The flowers are white, and the flowering period in Shifang, Sichuan is from April 26 to May 3. There are 1 to 3 flowers in the axillary, the pedicel is 5 to 15 mm long, with a node in the middle; there are 5 to 6 petals, white, broadly ovate, with many stamens, 68 to 86 styles, 5 sepals with "T" shape, and the pedicel is slightly pubescent, as shown in the instructions. Figure 3 And the instruction manual Figure 4 shown.

[0044] More specifically, "Shuzhen No. 1" was compared with Actinidia deliciosa and two groups of Actinidia calyx kiwifruit seedling rootstocks. Figure 1 , from left to right, the control group is the annual root system of Actinidia deliciosa, the annual root system of Actinidia sutchuenensis and the annual root system of another Actinidia sutchuenensis. As can be seen from the figure, the root system of "Shuzhen No. 1" is well developed, the roots are woody roots, and the taproot is well developed. "Shuzhen No. 1" performs well. After years of observation, "Shuzhen No. 1" still grows well after being flooded for 24 hours. There is no death when planted in heavy and poor soil. The survival rate of grafting with red-fleshed kiwifruit and yellow-fleshed kiwifruit varieties is more than 95%, and the yield per mu is more than 3,000 catties. The thickness of the annual root is 2-3CM, and there is no "big and small feet" phenomenon.

[0045] Step S 5 . Using step S 4 The kiwifruit rootstock material "Shuzhen No. 1" obtained in the experiment was rapidly propagated by cuttings in the spring of 2021 to obtain a new type of woody root kiwifruit rootstock that is drought-resistant, waterlogged and strong in growth, which specifically includes the following steps: Step S 51 . Collection of scion: Wait for step S 4 After the leaves of the kiwifruit rootstock material "Shuzhen No. 1" fall, disinfect the branch scissors with 75% alcohol, and cut the whole scion without disease and insects and with a diameter greater than 0.5 cm for later use.

[0046] Step S 52 . Preparation of the scion storage bed. Select the relatively heavy yellow soil for the storage bed, dig and loosen the soil, and make it fine into the size of broad bean grains. Compact and flatten the soil, make it level, use soil disinfectants such as oxadipamide to disinfect the soil, make ridges into 2-meter wide ridges, and make the furrows 20-30 cm deep. Water the soil thoroughly.

[0047] Step S 53 . Preservation of scion: Insert the lower end of the scion straight into the soil of the preservation nursery 1-2cm, with a distance of 5-10cm between each plant, keep the soil humidity above 85%, and cover the scion completely with 95% sunshade net.

[0048] Step S 54 . Preparation of nursery. Before the beginning of spring, prepare the nursery. The soil quality of the nursery is semi-sandy loam, with a soil thickness of more than 80cm and a pH value of 5.5-6.5. Spread 4-5 tons of organic fertilizer per mu with more than 50% decomposed organic matter and less than 30% water content. Use a tiller to deep-turn the soil to a depth of more than 50cm, finely till it into 150cm ridges, compact the soil, and then cover it with a 2-meter-wide 10-wire black agricultural film, and compact it with fine soil on all sides.

[0049] Step S 55 . Preparation of cutting scion. Cut the branches of "Shuzhen No. 1" into short branches of 10-20cm, leaving 2-3 buds on the branches, and cut the upper end and the end inserted into the soil into a "horse hoof" shape, such as (<), tie 50 branches into a bundle, align the upper ends, put them in a large solvent, and soak them in 100 times rooting powder diluted with water for 2 hours.

[0050] Step S 56 . Cuttings. The plant spacing for cuttings is 20cm, the row spacing is 30cm, and the number of cuttings per mu is about 10,000. The method of cuttings is to insert the scion into the soil about 10cm, and at least one bud is inserted into the soil. The most critical technology is to insert the scion into the soil at an angle of 45 degrees to the ground, with the oblique direction in one direction. After cutting, quickly irrigate with clean water.

[0051] Step S 57. Daily management. When the scion grows 2 to 3 leaves, pinch the top. Weed frequently, do not spray pesticides, only remove manually, irrigate frequently, keep the soil humidity above 80-90% for a long time, do not apply any fertilizer before roots grow, irrigate 1-2‰ nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers one month after roots grow, irrigate 3-5‰ nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers one month after roots grow, add 3-8‰ biological fertilizer containing humic acid, irrigate once every 15-20 days, when the temperature rises above 25℃, use a shade net with a light transmittance of 75% for shade, and the shade net needs to be 50-200cm away from the seedlings.

[0052] Step S 58 . Transplantation. Transplantation can be done when more than 60% of the leaves of "Shuzhen No. 1" have fallen. Use a hoe to dig the seedlings, and do not pull them directly. The main thing is to keep the root system intact as much as possible. After transplanting, 20 seedlings are bundled together, and the roots are covered with black agricultural film to prevent water loss and keep the seedlings from losing water.

[0053] In summary, after reading the present invention document, ordinary technicians in this field can make various other corresponding transformation schemes based on the technical scheme and technical concept of the present invention without creative mental labor, which all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for breeding high-quality kiwifruit rootstock, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1. Select a robust and vigorous Actinidia chinensis kiwifruit as the male parent material, and select a robust and vigorous Actinidia chinensis kiwifruit as the female parent material; Step S2. hybridizing the male parent material and the female parent material to obtain hybrid seeds; Step S3. completing the sowing of the hybrid seeds, the cultivation of seedlings and the planting of seedlings; Step S4. Then selecting a good kiwi fruit plant from the planted seedlings as a kiwi fruit rootstock material; Step S5. Using the kiwifruit rootstock material obtained in step S4, rapid breeding is performed to obtain a new type of woody root kiwifruit rootstock that is drought-resistant, waterlogged-resistant and has strong growth.

2. The method for breeding a high-quality kiwifruit rootstock according to claim 1, characterized in that: The healthy growth and vigorous growth in step S1 specifically refer to: the diameter of the one-year-old branches is more than 1 cm and the length is more than 2 meters; the diameter of the five-year-old main stem is more than 10 cm; the root system is well-developed and there are many fibrous roots.

3. The method for breeding a high-quality kiwifruit rootstock according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the selected male and female parent materials are wild plants, their branches are taken and grafted onto delicious kiwifruit seedlings respectively.

4. The method for breeding a high-quality kiwifruit rootstock according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The characteristics of the kiwifruit rootstock material in step S4 are: the young branches are smooth, with small, white and solid pith; the branches of the previous year are gray-green with obvious lenticels; the root system is well-developed, the roots are woody roots, and the taproot is well-developed.

5. The method for breeding a high-quality kiwifruit rootstock according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rapid propagation in step S5 specifically refers to: rapid propagation by cuttings.

6. The method for breeding high-quality kiwifruit rootstock according to claim 5, characterized in that: Rapid propagation by cuttings includes the following steps: Step S 51 . Collection of scion; Step S 52 . Preparation of scion storage nursery; Step S 53 . Storage of scion; Step S 54 . Preparation of nursery; Step S 55 . Preparation of cuttings; Step S 56 . Cuttings; Step S 57 . Daily management; Step S 58 . Transplant the seedlings.

7. The method for breeding high-quality kiwifruit rootstock according to claim 5, characterized in that: The step S 54 The preparation of the nursery includes: compacting the complete soil and then covering it with black agricultural film.

8. The method for breeding high-quality kiwifruit rootstock according to claim 5, characterized in that: The step S 56 The process of medium cutting includes: inserting the scion into the soil at an angle of 45 degrees to the ground, with the oblique direction being in one direction.

9. The method for breeding high-quality kiwifruit rootstock according to claim 5, characterized in that: The step S 57 Daily management includes: when the scion grows 2 to 3 leaves, pinching is carried out.

Images