Ship impact buffering device
By designing a ship impact buffer device, the buffer mechanism and roller assembly are used to absorb energy and reduce friction, solving the problem of damage during collision between ships and bridge piers in the prior art, achieving better protection effect and longer service life.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411692057.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-25
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-07
- Estimated Expiration
- Not applicable · inactive patent
AI Technical Summary
When existing ships collide with bridge piers, the tires' cushioning and frictional isolation capabilities are insufficient, resulting in varying degrees of damage between the hull and bridge piers.
A ship impact buffer device is designed, including a mounting part and a buffer part. The buffer part is composed of the first and second buffer mechanisms, and the roller is made of components such as slide grooves, sliding blocks, stretching and compression springs, articulation structures, and friction plates. The assembly absorbs energy during collision and reduces friction, and the buffer mechanism absorbs energy during collision.
It effectively reduces the impact and friction between the hull and the bridge piers, extends the service life of the device, reduces maintenance costs, and provides good protection effects.
Smart Images

Figure CN119262210A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of marine engineering ship collision structure protection, and in particular relates to a ship collision buffer device. Background Art
[0002] When sailing, some ships sometimes need to temporarily stop beside bridge piers to avoid course danger. In order to reduce the collision and friction between the hull and the bridge piers, most existing ships hang used tires on the edge of the ship to cushion the collision and friction between the ship and the bridge piers.
[0003] However, due to the low fit between the tire and the hull, the buffering and friction isolation capabilities are limited when collisions and frictions occur, resulting in varying degrees of damage between the ship and the bridge piers. Therefore, a device that can buffer and isolate friction is urgently needed. Summary of the invention
[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a ship impact buffer device to solve the above-mentioned problem.
[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
[0006] A ship impact buffer device comprises: a mounting portion, the mounting portion being detachably mounted on a ship hull, a buffer portion being detachably connected to a side of the mounting portion located outside the hull, and at least one group of roller assemblies being arranged on a side of the buffer portion away from the mounting portion;
[0007] The buffer portion includes a first mounting plate and a second mounting plate. The first mounting plate is arranged in parallel with the second mounting plate. At least two first buffer mechanisms and at least four second buffer mechanisms are arranged between the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate.
[0008] Preferably, a plurality of the first buffer mechanisms are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the first mounting plate, the first buffer mechanism comprises two slide grooves, the two slide grooves are respectively fixed to the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate, the two slide grooves are arranged correspondingly, two sliding blocks are slidably connected in the slide grooves, a tension spring is fixed between the two sliding blocks, a compression spring is fixed between the sliding block and the end of the slide groove, a hinge seat is fixed on the sliding block, the hinge seat extends out of the slide groove, a second hinge rod is hinged between the hinge seats on the two slide grooves, and the two second hinge rods are rotatably connected at the middle.
[0009] Preferably, the second buffer mechanism comprises two connecting components, the two connecting components are respectively fixed to the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate, and the two connecting components are correspondingly arranged;
[0010] The connecting assembly comprises a plurality of outer hinge plates, the plurality of outer hinge plates are fixedly connected to the first mounting plate / the second mounting plate, the plurality of outer hinge plates are arranged at equal intervals, an inner hinge plate is arranged between two adjacent outer hinge plates, the plurality of inner hinge plates pass through the outer hinge plates and are fixedly connected to the fixed plate, a first hinge rod is fixedly connected to one side of the fixed plate away from the inner hinge plate, and the two correspondingly arranged first hinge rods are hinged to each other;
[0011] The plurality of outer hinge plates and the plurality of inner hinge plates are rotatably connected via a rotating shaft.
[0012] Preferably, a third mounting groove is provided on the side where the outer hinge plate is bonded to the inner hinge plate, a third friction plate is placed in the third mounting groove, and a second mounting groove is provided on the side where the inner hinge plate is bonded to the outer hinge plate, a second friction plate is placed in the second mounting groove, and the friction surfaces of the second friction plate and the third friction plate are in contact with each other.
[0013] Preferably, the outer hinge plate and the inner hinge plate are both provided with a first arc-shaped slideway, a plurality of the first arc-shaped slideways are coaxial and correspondingly arranged, and the first arc-shaped slideway is coaxially arranged with the rotating shaft;
[0014] The second friction plate and the third friction plate are both provided with a second arc-shaped slideway, the second arc-shaped slideway is arranged corresponding to the first arc-shaped slideway, the length of the second arc-shaped slideway is smaller than the length of the first arc-shaped slideway, and clamping bolts are provided through the first arc-shaped slideway and the second arc-shaped slideway.
[0015] Preferably, the roller assembly comprises two roller mounting plates fixedly connected to one side of the second mounting plate, the two roller mounting plates are parallel and symmetrically arranged, a long axis is fixedly connected between the two roller mounting plates, and a roller is rotatably connected to the long axis.
[0016] Preferably, the mounting portion comprises a fixing frame, the fixing frame is arranged in a U-shape and one side wall of the fixing frame is longer than the other side wall, a first screw is threadedly connected to a short wall of the fixing frame, one end of the first screw passes through the short wall of the fixing frame and is fixedly connected to a first handle, and the other end of the first screw passes through the fixing frame and is fixedly connected to a clamping plate;
[0017] A plurality of first mounting grooves are provided on the long wall of the fixing frame, and the plurality of first mounting grooves are arranged in an array, and magnets are fixed in the first mounting grooves, and the magnets are in contact with the hull;
[0018] A nut is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the long wall of the fixing frame, and the nut is threadedly connected to a second screw rod. One end of the second screw rod penetrates into the fixing frame and is rotatably connected to a suction cup, and the other end of the second screw rod penetrates out of the long wall of the fixing frame and is fixedly connected to a second handle.
[0019] Preferably, a plurality of slide rails are fixedly connected to a side of the long wall of the fixing frame away from the hull, and the plurality of slide rails are distributed in an array, a T-shaped slider is slidably connected in the slide rail, a distance between two adjacent slide rails is greater than the length of the T-shaped slider, one end of the T-shaped slider passes through the slide rail and is fixedly connected to the first mounting plate, a screw is threadedly connected to the slide rail, and the screw passes through the slide rail and is threadedly connected to the T-shaped slider.
[0020] Preferably, a fourth mounting groove is provided at the hinged parts of the two first hinged rods, the openings of the two fourth mounting grooves are arranged correspondingly, a fourth friction plate is placed in the fourth mounting groove, and the friction surfaces of the two fourth friction plates are in contact with each other.
[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:
[0022] When in use, the present invention is first fixedly installed on the hull through the installation part, and multiple devices of the present invention can be installed according to actual needs; when the hull approaches the pier during driving, the roller assembly first contacts the pier, and the pier applies pressure to the roller. At this time, the first buffer mechanism and the second buffer mechanism in the buffer part are compressed and contracted to absorb energy, thereby avoiding the hull from contacting the pier and being damaged. The existence of the roller assembly effectively reduces the friction between the device and the pier, reduces the probability of damage to the device, and has a longer service life; at the same time, the installation part and the buffer part are detachably connected, and the buffer part can be replaced when it is damaged, thereby reducing costs; when the buffer part is damaged, the installation part provides the last layer of protection for the hull.
[0023] The device of the present invention can effectively reduce the impact force and friction force between the pier and the hull when the hull collides with the pier, thereby achieving a good protective effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work:
[0025] Figure 1 It is a front view of the present invention;
[0026] Figure 2 A top view of the present invention;
[0027] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of the middle A;
[0028] Figure 4It is a front view of the outer hinged plate of the present invention;
[0029] Figure 5 It is a front view of the third friction plate in the present invention;
[0030] Among them, 1, fixing frame; 2, first screw rod; 3, first handle; 4, clamping plate; 5, first mounting groove; 6, magnet; 7, suction cup; 8, nut; 9, second handle; 10, second screw rod; 11, slide rail; 12, T-shaped slider; 13, screw; 14, first mounting plate; 15, outer hinge plate; 16, first arc slideway; 17, second arc slideway; 18, clamping bolt; 19, rotating shaft; 20, rotating hole; 2 1. Fixed plate; 22. First hinged rod; 23. Roller mounting plate; 24. Long axis; 25. Roller; 26. Second mounting plate; 27. Second mounting slot; 28. Second friction plate; 29. Second hinged rod; 30. Slide slot; 31. Compression spring; 32. Sliding block; 33. Tension spring; 34. Inner hinged plate; 35. Third mounting slot; 36. Third friction plate; 37. Fourth mounting slot; 38. Fourth friction plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0031] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0032] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0033] Reference Figures 1 to 5 The present invention discloses a ship impact buffer device, comprising: a mounting portion, the mounting portion is detachably mounted on a ship hull, a buffer portion is detachably connected to a side of the mounting portion outside the hull, and at least one group of roller assemblies is arranged on a side of the buffer portion away from the mounting portion;
[0034] The buffer portion includes a first mounting plate 14 and a second mounting plate 26 . The first mounting plate 14 and the second mounting plate 26 are arranged in parallel. At least two first buffer mechanisms and at least four second buffer mechanisms are arranged between the first mounting plate 14 and the second mounting plate 26 .
[0035] When in use, the present invention is first fixedly installed on the hull through the installation part, and multiple devices of the present invention can be installed according to actual needs; when the hull approaches the pier during driving, the roller assembly first contacts the pier, and the pier applies pressure to the roller. At this time, the first buffer mechanism and the second buffer mechanism in the buffer part are compressed and contracted to absorb energy, thereby avoiding the hull from contacting the pier and being damaged. The existence of the roller assembly effectively reduces the friction between the device and the pier, reduces the probability of damage to the device, and has a longer service life; at the same time, the installation part and the buffer part are detachably connected, and the buffer part can be replaced when it is damaged, thereby reducing costs; when the buffer part is damaged, the installation part provides the last layer of protection for the hull.
[0036] The device of the present invention can effectively reduce the impact force and friction force between the pier and the hull when the hull collides with the pier, thereby achieving a good protective effect.
[0037] A further optimized solution is that multiple first buffer mechanisms are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the first mounting plate 14, and the first buffer mechanism includes two slide grooves 30, and the two slide grooves 30 are respectively fixed on the first mounting plate 14 and the second mounting plate 26, and the two slide grooves 30 are arranged correspondingly. Two sliding blocks 32 are slidably connected in the slide grooves 30, and a tension spring 33 is fixed between the two sliding blocks 32. A compression spring 31 is fixed between the sliding block 32 and the end of the slide groove 30, and a hinge seat is fixed on the sliding block 32. The hinge seat extends out of the slide groove 30, and a second hinged rod 29 is hinged between the hinge seats on the two slide grooves 30, and the two second hinged rods 29 are rotatably connected in the middle.
[0038] When the hull collides with the pier, the roller assembly contacts the pier, and the second mounting plate 26 is compressed, the second mounting plate 26 approaches the first mounting plate 14, the ends of the two second hinged rods 29 move away from each other, the compression spring 31 is compressed, and the tension spring 33 is stretched, thereby playing a buffering role.
[0039] According to a further optimized solution, the second buffer mechanism includes two connecting components, which are respectively fixed to the first mounting plate 14 and the second mounting plate 26, and the two connecting components are arranged correspondingly;
[0040] The connection assembly includes a plurality of outer hinged plates 15, which are all fixedly connected to the first mounting plate 14 / the second mounting plate 26. The plurality of outer hinged plates 15 are arranged at equal intervals, and an inner hinged plate 34 is arranged between two adjacent outer hinged plates 15. The plurality of inner hinged plates 34 pass through the outer hinged plates 15 and are all fixedly connected to the fixed plate 21. The first hinged rod 22 is fixedly connected to one side of the fixed plate 21 away from the inner hinged plate 34, and is located in the same connection assembly, and is hinged between the two correspondingly arranged first hinged rods 22;
[0041] The plurality of outer hinge plates 15 and the plurality of inner hinge plates 34 are rotatably connected via a rotating shaft 19 .
[0042] A further optimized solution is provided, on one side where the outer hinge plate 15 and the inner hinge plate 34 are in contact with each other, a third mounting groove 35 is provided, in which a third friction plate 36 is placed, and on one side where the inner hinge plate 34 and the outer hinge plate 15 are in contact with each other, a second mounting groove 27 is provided, in which a second friction plate 28 is placed, and the friction surfaces of the second friction plate 28 and the third friction plate 36 are in contact with each other.
[0043] According to a further optimization scheme, the outer hinge plate 15 and the inner hinge plate 34 are both provided with a first arc-shaped slideway 16, and a plurality of first arc-shaped slideways 16 are coaxially and correspondingly arranged, and the first arc-shaped slideway 16 is coaxially arranged with the rotating shaft 19;
[0044] A second arc-shaped slide 17 is provided on the second friction plate 28 and the third friction plate 36 . The second arc-shaped slide 17 is provided corresponding to the first arc-shaped slide 16 . The length of the second arc-shaped slide 17 is less than that of the first arc-shaped slide 16 . Clamping bolts 18 are provided through the first arc-shaped slide 16 and the second arc-shaped slide 17 .
[0045] The outer hinge plate 15 , the inner hinge plate 34 , the second friction plate 28 , and the third friction plate 36 are all provided with a rotation hole 20 , and the rotation shaft 19 is coaxially disposed in the rotation hole 20 .
[0046] When the hull collides with the pier, the roller assembly contacts the pier, and the second mounting plate 26 is compressed, and the second mounting plate 26 is close to the first mounting plate 14. At this time, the hinge of the two first hinge rods 22 rotates to drive the inner hinge plate 34 to rotate. At this time, friction is generated between the second friction plate 28 and the third friction plate 36 to consume energy. When the hull is separated from the pier, it is reset under the action of the compression spring 31 and the tension spring 33;
[0047] When the rotation amount of the inner hinge plate 34 exceeds the length of the second arc-shaped slideway 17 on the second friction plate 28 and the third friction plate 36 , the clamping bolt 18 damages the second friction plate 28 and the third friction plate 36 , further absorbing energy.
[0048] According to a further optimized solution, the roller assembly includes two roller mounting plates 23 fixedly connected to one side of the second mounting plate 26. The two roller mounting plates 23 are parallel and symmetrically arranged. A long shaft 24 is fixedly connected between the two roller mounting plates 23, and a roller 25 is rotatably connected to the long shaft 24.
[0049] The roller 25 can effectively reduce the friction force generated when the hull collides with the bridge pier.
[0050] A further optimized solution is that the mounting portion includes a fixing frame 1, the fixing frame 1 is arranged in a U-shape and one side wall of the fixing frame 1 is longer than the other side wall, a first screw rod 2 is threadedly connected to the short wall of the fixing frame 1, one end of the first screw rod 2 passes through the short wall of the fixing frame 1 and is fixedly connected to a first handle 3, and the other end of the first screw rod 2 passes through the fixing frame 1 and is fixedly connected to a clamping plate 4;
[0051] A plurality of first mounting grooves 5 are provided on the long wall of the fixing frame 1. The plurality of first mounting grooves 5 are distributed in an array. Magnets 6 are fixedly connected in the first mounting grooves 5. The magnets 6 are in contact with the hull.
[0052] A nut 8 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the long wall of the fixing frame 1, and a second screw rod 10 is threadedly connected to the nut 8. One end of the second screw rod 10 penetrates into the fixing frame 1 and is rotatably connected to the suction cup 7, and the other end of the second screw rod 10 penetrates the long wall of the fixing frame 1 and is fixedly connected to the second handle 9.
[0053] First, overlap the fixing frame 1 on the edge of the hull. At this time, the long wall is located outside the hull. Use the first handle 3 to rotate the first screw 2 to make the clamping plate 4 abut against the hull. At this time, the magnet 6 fits with the hull, and then rotate the second handle 9 to make the suction cup 7 adsorbed on the hull to complete the fixation.
[0054] A further optimized solution is that a plurality of slide rails 11 are fixedly connected to the side of the long wall of the fixing frame 1 away from the hull, and the plurality of slide rails 11 are distributed in an array, and a T-shaped slider 12 is slidably connected to the slide rail 11, and the distance between two adjacent slide rails 11 is greater than the length of the T-shaped slider 12, one end of the T-shaped slider 12 passes through the slide rail 11 and is fixedly connected to the first mounting plate 14, and a screw 13 is threadedly connected to the slide rail 11, and the screw 13 passes through the slide rail 11 and is threadedly connected to the T-shaped slider 12.
[0055] The T-shaped slider 12 slides into the slide rail 11 , and then the screw 13 is tightened to fix the slide rail 11 and the T-shaped slider 12 . At this time, the first mounting plate 14 is fixedly mounted on the fixing frame 1 .
[0056] According to a further optimization scheme, a fourth mounting groove 37 is provided at the hinge of the two first hinged rods 22, the openings of the two fourth mounting grooves 37 are arranged correspondingly, a fourth friction plate 38 is placed in the fourth mounting groove 37, and the friction surfaces of the two fourth friction plates 38 are in contact with each other.
[0057] The friction energy dissipation effect is further improved by disposing the two fourth friction plates 38 .
[0058] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.
[0059] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.
Claims
1. A ship impact buffer device, characterized in that: include: A mounting portion, the mounting portion being detachably mounted on the hull, a buffer portion being detachably connected to a side of the mounting portion located outside the hull, and at least one set of roller assemblies being arranged on a side of the buffer portion away from the mounting portion; The buffer portion comprises a first mounting plate (14) and a second mounting plate (26); the first mounting plate (14) and the second mounting plate (26) are arranged in parallel; at least two first buffer mechanisms and at least four second buffer mechanisms are arranged between the first mounting plate (14) and the second mounting plate (26).
2. A ship impact buffer device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of first buffer mechanisms are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the first mounting plate (14), and the first buffer mechanism comprises two slide grooves (30), the two slide grooves (30) are respectively fixed to the first mounting plate (14) and the second mounting plate (26), the two slide grooves (30) are arranged correspondingly, two sliding blocks (32) are slidably connected in the slide groove (30), a tension spring (33) is fixed between the two sliding blocks (32), a compression spring (31) is fixed between the sliding block (32) and the end of the slide groove (30), a hinge seat is fixed on the sliding block (32), the hinge seat extends out of the slide groove (30), a second hinge rod (29) is hinged between the hinge seats on the two slide grooves (30), and the two second hinge rods (29) are rotatably connected at the middle.
3. A ship impact buffer device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second buffer mechanism comprises two connecting components, the two connecting components are respectively fixed to the first mounting plate (14) and the second mounting plate (26), and the two connecting components are arranged correspondingly; The connection assembly comprises a plurality of external hinged plates (15), the plurality of external hinged plates (15) are all fixedly connected to the first mounting plate (14) / the second mounting plate (26), the plurality of external hinged plates (15) are arranged at equal intervals, an internal hinged plate (34) is arranged between two adjacent external hinged plates (15), the plurality of internal hinged plates (34) pass through the external hinged plates (15) and are all fixedly connected to the fixed plate (21), a first hinged rod (22) is fixedly connected to a side of the fixed plate (21) away from the internal hinged plate (34), and the two correspondingly arranged first hinged rods (22) are hingedly connected to each other; The plurality of outer hinged plates (15) and the plurality of inner hinged plates (34) are rotatably connected via a rotating shaft (19).
4. A ship impact buffer device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A third mounting groove (35) is provided on one side where the outer hinge plate (15) and the inner hinge plate (34) are in contact with each other, and a third friction plate (36) is placed in the third mounting groove (35); a second mounting groove (27) is provided on one side where the inner hinge plate (34) and the outer hinge plate (15) are in contact with each other, and a second friction plate (28) is placed in the second mounting groove (27); the friction surfaces of the second friction plate (28) and the third friction plate (36) are in contact with each other.
5. A ship impact buffer device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer hinge plate (15) and the inner hinge plate (34) are both provided with first arc-shaped chutes (16). A plurality of the first arc-shaped chutes (16) are coaxially and correspondingly arranged, and the first arc-shaped chutes (16) are coaxially arranged with the rotating shaft (19). The second friction plate (28) and the third friction plate (36) are both provided with second arc-shaped chutes (17). The second arc-shaped chutes (17) are correspondingly arranged with the first arc-shaped chutes (16). The length of the second arc-shaped chutes (17) is less than the length of the first arc-shaped chutes (16). A clamping bolt (18) is penetrated through the first arc-shaped chutes (16) and the second arc-shaped chutes (17).
6. A ship impact buffer device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The roller assembly includes two roller mounting plates (23) fixedly connected to one side of the second mounting plate (26). The two roller mounting plates (23) are parallel and symmetrically arranged. A long shaft (24) is fixedly connected between the two roller mounting plates (23), and a roller (25) is rotatably connected to the long shaft (24).
7. A ship impact buffer device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting portion includes a fixing frame (1). The fixing frame (1) is arranged in a U-shape and one side wall of the fixing frame (1) is longer than the other side wall. A first screw rod (2) is threadedly connected to the short wall of the fixing frame (1). One end of the first screw rod (2) penetrates through the short wall of the fixing frame (1) and is fixedly connected with a first handle (3). The other end of the first screw rod (2) penetrates into the fixing frame (1) and is fixedly connected with a clamping plate (4). A plurality of first mounting grooves (5) are formed in the long wall of the fixing frame (1). The plurality of first mounting grooves (5) are distributed in an array. Magnets (6) are fixedly connected in the first mounting grooves (5), and the magnets (6) are attached to the hull. A nut (8) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the long wall of the fixing frame (1). A second screw rod (10) is threadedly connected to the nut (8). One end of the second screw rod (10) penetrates into the fixing frame (1) and is rotatably connected with a suction cup (7). The other end of the second screw rod (10) penetrates through the long wall of the fixing frame (1) and is fixedly connected with a second handle (9).
8. A ship impact buffer device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A plurality of slide rails (11) are fixedly connected to the side of the long wall of the fixing frame (1) away from the hull. The plurality of slide rails (11) are distributed in an array. A T-shaped slider (12) is slidably connected in the slide rails (11). The distance between adjacent two slide rails (11) is greater than the length of the T-shaped slider (12). One end of the T-shaped slider (12) penetrates out of the slide rails (11) and is fixedly connected with the first mounting plate (14). A screw (13) is threadedly connected to the slide rails (11). The screw (13) penetrates into the slide rails (11) and is threadedly connected with the T-shaped slider (12).
9. A ship impact buffer device according to claim 3, characterized in that: Fourth mounting grooves (37) are formed at the hinge joints of the two first hinge rods (22). The openings of the two fourth mounting grooves (37) are correspondingly arranged. Fourth friction plates (38) are placed in the fourth mounting grooves (37), and the friction surfaces of the two fourth friction plates (38) are attached.