Water-soluble foliar fertilizer for preventing diseases and insect pests and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a water-soluble foliar fertilizer for preventing diseases and insect pests and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of fertilizers. The water-soluble foliar fertilizer comprises the following components: a peat extraction chelating agent, a pH buffer agent, a surfactant, mineral nutrients, antibiotic substances, disease-resistant substances and the like. The peat extraction chelating agent is added into the water-soluble foliar fertilizer, the peat extraction chelating agent can be combined with multivalent metal ions to form a soluble metal complex, if several elements are used at the same time, the antagonism disadvantage exists among the elements, the foliar fertilizer can be made into an organic complexing state or an integrated state, the disadvantage can be overcome, and the water-soluble foliar fertilizer can be applied to water-soluble foliar fertilizers. Therefore, the key problem of coexistence of nutrient elements in leaf fertilizer research is solved, and the chelated trace elements are good in mobility and solubility in plants, easy to absorb and utilize by the plants, high in activity and small in dosage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to fertilizers, and in particular to a water-soluble foliar fertilizer for preventing diseases and insect pests and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The research on foliar fertilizer in agricultural production has a long history. Before the 20th century, people abroad have discovered that plant stems and leaves can absorb nutrients to improve plant deficiency symptoms: Byccehro, one of the founders of agricultural chemistry, believed that leaves can absorb nutrients into the plant body like roots while absorbing water droplets. In the 1840s, Gorie in the UK proved the fact that plant stems and leaves can absorb nutrients through experiments. Griss applied FeSO4 solution to grape leaves to correct iron deficiency chlorosis and achieved good results. In the 1930s and 1940s, foliar fertilization, as a supplement to soil fertilization, began to be widely used on various crops as a routine measure in Western countries.

[0003] In recent years, most of the foliar fertilizers produced and promoted have low effective component content and single nutritional effect. The high technological content of foliar fertilizers will ultimately be reflected in whether it can increase farmers' production and income. This requires foliar fertilizers to provide as many nutrients as possible and have high multi-micronutrients. It is difficult to compound so many ingredients and make them soluble in water without precipitation. This is the main problem in foliar fertilizer research and the only way to produce famous brand foliar fertilizers. Summary of the invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a water-soluble foliar fertilizer for preventing diseases and insect pests; another purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a water-soluble foliar fertilizer for preventing diseases and insect pests.

[0005] Technical solution: A water-soluble foliar fertilizer for preventing diseases and insect pests, comprising the following components: peat-extracted chelating agent, pH buffer, surfactant, mineral nutrition, antibiotics, disease-resistant substances, water, etc.

[0006] Preferably, the water-soluble foliar fertilizer specifically comprises the following components in parts by weight: peat extracted chelating agent: 5-10 parts, pH buffer: 0.2-0.5 parts, surfactant: 0.4-0.8 parts, mineral nutrition: 12-20 parts, antibiotics: 0.2-0.4 parts, disease resistance substances: 0.4-0.8 parts, and water 1000-1200 parts.

[0007] Preferably, the peat-extracted chelating agent is a peat-extracted concentrated solution, which is prepared by adding peat to a 5-fold volume of a 5M dilute nitric acid aqueous solution, ultrasonicating at 40KHz for 1h, filtering, adjusting the pH of the filtrate to 8-9 with sodium carbonate while stirring, filtering out insoluble matter, concentrating under reduced pressure at 70°C to 1 / 5 of the volume of the filtrate, adding 0.1 times the weight of 18-crown ether-6 by weight of the peat while stirring, and dissolving to obtain the chelating agent.

[0008] Preferably, the pH buffer is any one of disodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and dipotassium hydrogen phosphate.

[0009] Preferably, the surfactant is any one of disodium lauryl sulfosuccinate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium thiolate, and potassium thiolate.

[0010] Preferably, the mineral nutrition is a mixture of diammonium phosphate, urea, copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, magnesium sulfate, calcium nitrate, ferrous sulfate, and boric acid, and the mass ratio of each substance is diammonium phosphate: urea: copper sulfate: zinc sulfate: magnesium sulfate: calcium nitrate: ferrous sulfate: boric acid = 10:5:0.5:1:2:3:8:2.

[0011] Preferably, the antibiotic substance is a whole plant extract of Sophora flavescens, and the preparation method is: grind the dried whole plant of the leguminous plant Sophora flavescens with a grinder, add ethanol with a volume 10 times the mass of the powder, stir and heat to 50°C to extract for 1h, filter, and concentrate the filtrate at 50°C under reduced pressure until no ethanol drops out.

[0012] Preferably, the antibiotic substance is a whole plant extract of Sophora flavescens, and the preparation method is: grind the dried whole plant of the leguminous plant Sophora flavescens with a grinder, add ethanol with a volume 10 times the mass of the powder, stir and heat to 50°C to extract for 1h, filter, and concentrate the filtrate at 50°C under reduced pressure until no ethanol drops out.

[0013] Preferably, the disease-resistant substance is willow bark extract, and the preparation method is as follows: grind the dry willow bark with a grinder, add ethanol 10 times the mass of the powder and vitamin C 0.0001 times the mass of the powder, stir at 10°C under argon protection for 12 hours, filter, and evaporate the filtrate to dryness under reduced pressure at 40°C.

[0014] Preferably, the water is deoxygenated purified water.

[0015] A method for preparing a water-soluble foliar fertilizer for preventing diseases and insect pests comprises the following steps: S1. Under argon atmosphere, add peat extraction chelating agent, pH buffer, and surfactant to deoxygenated purified water at room temperature, and stir to dissolve to obtain solution 1; S2, adding the mineral nutrients to the solution 1 obtained in step S1 under stirring, stirring to make it clear, to obtain solution 2; S3. Add antibiotics and anti-disease substances to the solution 2 obtained in step S2, stir and mix evenly, and filter out insoluble matter. Beneficial Effects

[0016] (1) The water-soluble foliar fertilizer for preventing diseases and insect pests disclosed in the present invention can provide the nutrients required by crops and also play a role in resisting diseases and preventing insect pests.

[0017] (2) The present invention adds a peat-extracted chelating agent to the water-soluble foliar fertilizer. The peat-extracted chelating agent can combine with multivalent metal ions to form a soluble metal complex. If several elements are used at the same time, there are antagonistic disadvantages between the elements. The foliar fertilizer can be made into an organic complex state or an integrated state, which can overcome these disadvantages and solve the key problem in the research of foliar fertilizers - the coexistence of nutrient elements. In addition, the chelated trace elements have good mobility and solubility in the plant body, are easily absorbed and utilized by the plant, and are highly active and used in small amounts.

[0018] (3) The present invention adds a surfactant to the water-soluble foliar fertilizer. The surfactant promotes the absorption of nutrients by the leaves by changing the physical and chemical properties of the spraying liquid, thereby improving the nutrient utilization rate.

[0019] (4) The present invention adds antibiotics to the water-soluble foliar fertilizer. The antibiotics can exert an insect-resistant effect by affecting the nervous system or metabolic system of insects. In addition, the antibiotics used in the present invention are plant extracts, thereby eliminating environmental pollution.

[0020] (5) The present invention adds disease-resistant substances to the water-soluble foliar fertilizer, which, as endogenous signals of plants, can exert disease-resistant effects by affecting the production of plant hormones. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing the effects of the peat-extracted chelating agent and other chelating agents of the present invention on product stability.

[0022] In the figure: a is citric acid, b is amino acid, c is no chelating agent added, d is the chelating agent of the present invention, and e is EDTA.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the effect of pH value on product stability of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the technical solution of the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0025] Embodiment 1

[0026] A water-soluble foliar fertilizer for preventing diseases and insect pests comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 5 parts of a peat-extracted chelating agent, 0.2 parts of a pH buffer, 0.4 parts of a surfactant, 12 parts of mineral nutrients, 0.2 parts of an antibiotic, 0.4 parts of a disease-resistant substance, and 1000 parts of water.

[0027] Preparation of peat extract chelating agent: Add peat to 5 times the volume of 5M dilute nitric acid aqueous solution, ultrasonicate at 40KHz for 1h, filter, adjust the filtrate to pH 8-9 with sodium carbonate while stirring, filter out insoluble matter, and concentrate under reduced pressure at 70°C to 1 / 5 of the filtrate volume. Add 18-crown ether-6 (0.1 times the weight of the peat) while stirring and dissolve to obtain the product.

[0028] Preparation of antibiotics: The dried whole plant of the leguminous plant Sophora flavescens was crushed with a grinder, 10 times the volume of ethanol by the mass of the powder was added, stirred and heated to 50°C for extraction for 1 hour, filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure at 50°C until no ethanol dripped out.

[0029] Preparation of disease-resistant substances: The dried willow bark was crushed with a grinder, and 10 times the volume of ethanol by mass of the crushed powder and 0.0001 times the mass of vitamin C by mass of the crushed powder were added, stirred at 10°C and soaked under argon protection for 12 hours, filtered, and the filtrate was evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure at 40°C.

[0030] Preparation of a water-soluble foliar fertilizer for preventing diseases and insect pests: (1) Under argon atmosphere, 5 g of peat-extracted chelating agent, 0.2 g of pH buffer, and 0.4 g of surfactant were added to 1000 g of deoxygenated purified water at room temperature, and stirred to obtain solution 1; (2) Add 12 g of mineral nutrients (the mass ratio of each substance is diammonium phosphate: urea: copper sulfate: zinc sulfate: magnesium sulfate: calcium nitrate: ferrous sulfate: boric acid = 10:5:0.5:1:2:3:8:2) to the solution 1 obtained in step (1) under stirring, and stir until dissolved to obtain solution 2; (3) Add 0.2 g of antibiotics and 0.4 g of anti-disease substances to the solution 2 obtained in step (2), stir and mix evenly, and filter out insoluble matter.

[0031] Embodiment 2

[0032] A water-soluble foliar fertilizer for preventing diseases and insect pests comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 7 parts of a peat-extracted chelating agent, 0.35 parts of a pH buffer, 0.6 parts of a surfactant, 16 parts of mineral nutrients, 0.3 parts of an antibiotic substance, 0.6 parts of a disease-resistant substance, and 1,100 parts of water.

[0033] Preparation of peat extract chelating agent: Add peat to 5 times the volume of 5M dilute nitric acid aqueous solution, ultrasonicate at 40KHz for 1h, filter, adjust the filtrate to pH 8-9 with sodium carbonate while stirring, filter out insoluble matter, and concentrate under reduced pressure at 70°C to 1 / 5 of the filtrate volume. Add 18-crown ether-6 (0.1 times the weight of the peat) while stirring and dissolve to obtain the product.

[0034] Preparation of antibiotics: The dried whole plant of the leguminous plant Sophora flavescens was crushed with a grinder, 10 times the volume of ethanol by the mass of the powder was added, stirred and heated to 50°C for extraction for 1 hour, filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure at 50°C until no ethanol dripped out.

[0035] Preparation of disease-resistant substances: The dried willow bark was crushed with a grinder, and 10 times the volume of ethanol by mass of the crushed powder and 0.0001 times the mass of vitamin C by mass of the crushed powder were added, stirred at 10°C and soaked under argon protection for 12 hours, filtered, and the filtrate was evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure at 40°C.

[0036] Preparation of a water-soluble foliar fertilizer for preventing diseases and insect pests: (1) Under argon atmosphere, 7 g of peat-extracted chelating agent, 0.35 g of pH buffer, and 0.6 g of surfactant were added to 1100 g of deoxygenated purified water at room temperature, and stirred to obtain solution 1; (2) Add 16 g of mineral nutrients (the mass ratio of each substance is diammonium phosphate: urea: copper sulfate: zinc sulfate: magnesium sulfate: calcium nitrate: ferrous sulfate: boric acid = 10:5:0.5:1:2:3:8:2) to the solution 1 obtained in step (1) under stirring, and stir until dissolved to obtain solution 2; (3) Add 0.3 g of antibiotics and 0.6 g of anti-disease substances to the solution 2 obtained in step (2), stir and mix evenly, and filter out the insoluble matter.

[0037] Embodiment 3

[0038] A water-soluble foliar fertilizer for preventing diseases and insect pests comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 10 parts of a peat-extracted chelating agent, 0.5 parts of a pH buffer, 0.8 parts of a surfactant, 20 parts of mineral nutrients, 0.4 parts of an antibiotic substance, 0.8 parts of a disease-resistant substance, and 1,200 parts of water.

[0039] Preparation of peat extract chelating agent: Add peat to 5 times the volume of 5M dilute nitric acid aqueous solution, ultrasonicate at 40KHz for 1h, filter, adjust the filtrate to pH 8-9 with sodium carbonate while stirring, filter out insoluble matter, and concentrate under reduced pressure at 70°C to 1 / 5 of the filtrate volume. Add 18-crown ether-6 (0.1 times the weight of the peat) while stirring and dissolve to obtain the product.

[0040] Preparation of antibiotics: The dried whole plant of the leguminous plant Sophora flavescens was crushed with a grinder, 10 times the volume of ethanol by the mass of the powder was added, stirred and heated to 50°C for extraction for 1 hour, filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure at 50°C until no ethanol dripped out.

[0041] Preparation of disease-resistant substances: The dried willow bark was crushed with a grinder, and 10 times the volume of ethanol by mass of the crushed powder and 0.0001 times the mass of vitamin C by mass of the crushed powder were added, stirred at 10°C and soaked under argon protection for 12 hours, filtered, and the filtrate was evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure at 40°C.

[0042] Preparation of a water-soluble foliar fertilizer for preventing diseases and insect pests: (1) Under argon atmosphere, 10 g of peat-extracted chelating agent, 0.5 g of pH buffer, and 0.8 g of surfactant were added to 1200 g of deoxygenated purified water at room temperature, and stirred to obtain solution 1; (2) Add 20 g of mineral nutrients (the mass ratio of each substance is diammonium phosphate: urea: copper sulfate: zinc sulfate: magnesium sulfate: calcium nitrate: ferrous sulfate: boric acid = 10:5:0.5:1:2:3:8:2) to the solution 1 obtained in step (1) under stirring, and stir until dissolved to obtain solution 2; (3) Add 0.4 g of antibiotics and 0.8 g of anti-disease substances to the solution 2 obtained in step (2), stir and mix evenly, and filter out insoluble matter.

[0043] Comparative Example 1

[0044] Same as Example 1, except that the peat-extracted chelating agent is not added.

[0045] Comparative Example 2

[0046] Same as Example 1, except that no antibiotics are added.

[0047] Comparative Example 3

[0048] Same as Example 1, except that no disease-resistant substance is added.

[0049] The water-soluble foliar fertilizer for preventing diseases and insect pests obtained in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 was tested, and rapeseed was randomly selected from the same field for testing. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0050] Table 1 Test results of water-soluble foliar fertilizers of embodiments and comparative examples

[0051] From the results in Table 1, it can be seen that the water-soluble foliar fertilizer for preventing diseases and insect pests prepared by the present invention cooperates with each other, and the product stability is improved by adding a peat extracted chelating agent. A certain insect resistance can be achieved by adding antibiotics, and a certain disease resistance effect can be achieved by adding disease-resistant substances, thereby improving the corresponding utilization rate and achieving a better and more stable crop yield.

[0052] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the patent of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A water-soluble foliar fertilizer for preventing diseases and insect pests, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following components: peat extraction chelating agent, pH buffer, surfactant, mineral nutrition, antibiotic substance, disease resistance substance, water and the like.

2. The water-soluble foliar fertilizer for preventing diseases and insect pests according to claim 1, characterized in that: Specifically, the invention comprises the following components by weight: 5-10 parts of peat extraction chelating agent, 0.2-0.5 parts of pH buffer, 0.4-0.8 parts of surfactant, 12-20 parts of mineral nutrition, 0.2-0.4 parts of antibiotics, 0.4-0.8 parts of disease resistance substances and 1000-1200 parts of water.

3. The water-soluble foliar fertilizer for preventing diseases and insect pests according to claim 1, characterized in that: The peat extraction chelating agent is a peat extraction concentrate, and the preparation method is as follows: add peat to 5 times the volume of 5M dilute nitric acid aqueous solution, ultrasonicate at 40KHz for 1h, filter, adjust the pH of the filtrate to 8-9 with sodium carbonate while stirring, filter out insoluble matter, concentrate under reduced pressure at 70°C to 1 / 5 of the volume of the filtrate, add 18-crown ether-6 in an amount of 0.1 times the weight of the peat while stirring, and dissolve to obtain the chelating agent.

4. The water-soluble foliar fertilizer for preventing diseases and insect pests according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pH buffer is any one of disodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and dipotassium hydrogen phosphate.

5. The water-soluble foliar fertilizer for preventing diseases and insect pests according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surfactant is any one of disodium lauryl sulfosuccinate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium mercaptide, and potassium mercaptide.

6. The water-soluble foliar fertilizer for preventing diseases and insect pests according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mineral nutrition is a mixture of diammonium phosphate, urea, copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, magnesium sulfate, calcium nitrate, ferrous sulfate, and boric acid. The mass ratio of each substance is diammonium phosphate: urea: copper sulfate: zinc sulfate: magnesium sulfate: calcium nitrate: ferrous sulfate: boric acid = 10:5:0.5:1:2:3:8:

2.

7. The water-soluble foliar fertilizer for preventing diseases and insect pests according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antibiotic substance is a whole plant extract of Sophora flavescens, and the preparation method is as follows: the dried whole plant of the leguminous plant Sophora flavescens is crushed with a crusher, ethanol in a volume 10 times the mass of the crushed powder is added, stirred, heated to 50°C, extracted for 1 hour, filtered, and the filtrate is concentrated under reduced pressure at 50°C until no ethanol drops out.

8. The water-soluble foliar fertilizer for preventing diseases and insect pests according to claim 1, characterized in that: The disease-resistant substance is willow bark extract, and the preparation method is as follows: grind the dry willow bark with a grinder, add ethanol with a volume 10 times the mass of the powder and vitamin C with a volume 0.0001 times the mass of the powder, stir at 10°C and soak for 12 hours under argon protection, filter, and evaporate the filtrate to dryness under reduced pressure at 40°C.

9. The water-soluble foliar fertilizer for preventing diseases and insect pests according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water was deoxygenated purified water.

10. A method for preparing a water-soluble foliar fertilizer for preventing pests and diseases according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Under argon atmosphere, add peat extraction chelating agent, pH buffer, and surfactant to deoxygenated purified water at room temperature, and stir to dissolve to obtain solution 1; S2, adding the mineral nutrients to the solution 1 obtained in step S1 under stirring, stirring to make it clear, to obtain solution 2; S3. Add antibiotics and anti-disease substances to the solution 2 obtained in step S2, stir and mix evenly, and filter out insoluble matter.

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