Waterproof construction method for underground engineering
By using base layer treatment, laying waterproof rolls and asphalt waterproof coatings in underground projects, combined with the use of high viscosity, water-repellent rubber asphalt waterproof coating layers, the problem of water leakage at the joints of waterproof rolls in traditional methods is solved. , achieving higher quality underground waterproof construction results.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411474453.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-22
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-07
AI Technical Summary
Traditional underground engineering waterproofing construction methods cannot effectively solve the water leakage problem at the joints of waterproof coils and cannot meet the increasing waterproofing needs.
Adopt a waterproof construction method for underground engineering, including base layer treatment, laying waterproof coils, asphalt waterproof coating construction and overlapping treatment of different waterproof materials, and use high viscosity and water-resistant rubber asphalt waterproof coating layer as adhesive to ensure waterproof The compact paste and waterproof effect of the coil material.
Through this method, the foundation and walls are not leaky, the quality and effect of underground waterproof construction are improved, and the water leakage problem at the joints of waterproof coils is effectively solved.
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of building engineering construction, and in particular to a waterproof construction method for underground engineering. Background Art
[0002] With the progress of urbanization and people's increasing demand for underground space, more and more buildings have built basements underground. The waterproofing issue in underground projects is very important. Traditional waterproofing construction methods can no longer meet the increasing demand.
[0003] Waterproofing membranes are primarily used in building walls and roofs, as well as in tunnels, highways, and landfills. These flexible, rollable building materials protect against rainwater and groundwater seepage. They provide a leak-proof connection between the foundation and the building, serving as the first barrier to waterproofing for the entire project and playing a crucial role. However, due to the potential for leakage at the joints between the membranes, they are a key concern in waterproofing projects. Improving the waterproofing effectiveness of these joints has long been a pressing industry concern. Summary of the Invention
[0004] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention proposes a method for underground engineering waterproofing construction, which can ensure that the foundation and walls are leak-proof and guarantee the construction quality of underground waterproofing.
[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides an underground engineering waterproofing construction method, comprising the following steps:
[0006] S1: Basement slab waterproofing construction, including base treatment, marking and positioning, waterproofing membrane laying, membrane overlap treatment, self-inspection, repair, acceptance and steel bar binding;
[0007] S2: Basement side wall waterproofing construction, including base treatment, asphalt waterproof coating application, laying of self-adhesive waterproof membrane, protective layer construction and inspection and acceptance;
[0008] S3: Waterproofing construction at the junction of the basement floor and side walls, including waterproofing construction at the corners of the basement exterior wall and top plate, junction construction between the basement floor and side walls, and construction of broken roll materials at the junction of the basement floor and side walls.
[0009] Furthermore, in step S1, the base layer is treated by cleaning the surface debris of the cushion layer before construction, leveling the protruding ash and slurry, keeping the base layer clean and flat before construction, and repairing and strengthening the pits and honeycomb structures in the concrete with cement mortar of the same strength grade. If there is visible water on the base surface, it should be cleared before construction.
[0010] Furthermore, in step S1, laying the waterproof membrane includes pre-laying the reverse-adhesive membrane. During construction, a construction method is adopted in which the large surface presses the pier and the vertical surface of the pier presses the bottom plane of the pier. The bottom plane of the pier is constructed first, and the membrane of the bottom plane of the pier is laid to the bottom edge of the pier mold. Then the pier side wall corners are constructed, and the pier side wall membrane extends downward on the bottom plane and overlaps with the bottom membrane. The overlap width is not less than 80mm. The pier side wall membrane is turned out of the top of the pier and the width is controlled to 200mm to ensure that the overlap position remains on the top plane of the pier, and the overlap width is not less than 80mm. After the membrane is laid, the overlap edge processing of the membrane includes using a roller or scraper to roll and exhaust at all overlapping positions to make the overlapping positions tightly pasted. After rolling and exhausting, the apex position of the three-sided intersection angle of the pier is sealed with a single-sided sand-coated special tape.
[0011] Furthermore, in step S2, during the base treatment, the base is kept solid, flat, dust-free and oil-free, the unevenness and the misaligned plate seams are polished flat or repaired, the tension screw holes of the exterior wall formwork are sealed, all the wall sleeves and embedded parts are installed according to the design requirements, the inner corners of the base are made into arcs with a radius of 50mm or 45° slope feet, and the outer corners are made into fillets with a radius of 20mm. Construction can be carried out when there is no visible water on the base surface.
[0012] Furthermore, in step S2, the asphalt waterproof coating construction first carries out detailed additional layer construction, applies a layer of coating at the detailed nodes, and lays the non-woven fabric reinforcement additional layer before the coating is dry. The width of the additional layer is 300mm on each side, and the overlap width of the long side of the carcass reinforcement material non-woven fabric is not less than 50mm, and the overlap width of the short side is not less than 70mm. After compaction and fit, apply the coating again on the surface of the non-woven fabric; then carry out large-surface coating construction: the spraying should be uniform and there should be no bottom exposure and accumulation. After the coating is dry and black and has passed the acceptance inspection, the roll material is laid. When the coating is applied in pieces, the overlap width is not less than 100mm; avoid adding water to dilute the coating during construction, and the construction temperature is between 5℃ and 35℃. Construction shall not be allowed when the temperature is below 0℃ or it is rainy, including when rain is expected within 6 hours after the completion of construction. The interval between the two coats of coating is within 24h.
[0013] Furthermore, in step S2, when laying the self-adhesive waterproof roll, the roll is first positioned, the roll control line is determined on the base layer, the roll laying direction is determined, and then the roll is trial-laid according to the flow direction; after the roll is trial-laid, the roll to be laid is first cut with the PET film facing outward, and then the release paper on the other side of the roll is peeled off. When tearing, the peeled release paper should be torn at an acute angle of 45° to 60° to the adhesive surface to prevent the release paper from being broken. While tearing the release paper, the pressure roller is used to roll forward and on both sides to expel the air under the roll so that the roll is adhered to the base layer. Stick firmly; when laying the next roll of material, first glue the large surface of the roll, and then deal with the overlapping parts. When overlapping the long sides, lift up the isolation paper at the overlapping part of the lower roll, align the upper roll with the overlapping control line and stick it flat on the lower roll, scrape and press to expel the air, and fully stick it. When overlapping the long sides, overlap according to the overlapping control line of the roll to ensure that the overlap width is not less than 80mm, and the distance between the long side joints of the two adjacent rolls is staggered by 1 / 3 of the width. When overlapping the short sides, the overlap width is not less than 100mm, and the short side overlap joints of the two adjacent rolls are staggered by more than 500mm.
[0014] Furthermore, in step S3, the waterproofing construction of the corner between the basement outer wall and the top plate first adds a layer of butyl tape at the corner between the basement outer wall and the top plate, and extends from the underground outer wall surface to the upper base surface of the top plate to form a closed waterproof layer on the periphery. The outer waterproofing is applied externally with an extension length of 250mm. The top plate roll material extends 250mm to the outer wall, and a high-viscosity anti-slip coating is used in the middle for bonding.
[0015] Furthermore, in step S3, the basement floor waterproofing in the construction of the intersection of the basement floor and the side wall is a high-rise pre-laid anti-adhesive waterproof membrane, the joint is located on the side of the raft, and the side wall waterproof layer is a high-viscosity anti-slip asphalt waterproof coating and a self-adhesive polymer modified asphalt polyester waterproof membrane. The overlap between the basement floor and the side wall is not less than 150mm. If there is a pre-laid anti-adhesive peeling, the peeling membrane is painted with exterior wall paint and pasted twice, each time with a thickness of 1.5mm. Butyl tape is used for bonding in the middle, and the end of the self-adhesive waterproof membrane is sealed with paint. According to the exterior wall waterproofing construction method, the exterior wall waterproof membrane is painted and pasted. Butyl tape is used for bonding between the exterior wall waterproof membrane and the base plate waterproof membrane. Butyl tape is a double-sided adhesive tape.
[0016] Furthermore, in step S3, when the basement floor and side wall are connected, cement-based permeable crystalline waterproof material is added to the concrete structure of the floor floor with a thickness of not less than 1.0 mm and a dosage of not less than 1.5 kg / m 2The base layer should be kept clean, solid, moist and free of visible water. After construction, it should be maintained according to the material requirements. The additional layer adopts 1.5mm thick high-viscosity anti-slip asphalt waterproof coating. The exterior wall waterproof layer returns to the broken end and adopts 1.5mm thick high-viscosity anti-slip asphalt waterproof coating and 3.0mm thick self-adhesive polymer modified asphalt polyester waterproof membrane. The R corner is added at the end of the bottom plate waterproof membrane with an arc length of 300mm, 150mm above and below.
[0017] A method for underground engineering waterproofing construction of the present invention uses a high-viscosity anti-water-skid rubber asphalt waterproof coating layer to connect a polymer self-adhesive film waterproofing membrane layer with a raft foundation, a pre-laid reverse-adhesive waterproofing membrane layer and a self-adhesive polymer modified asphalt polyester waterproofing membrane. The high-viscosity anti-water-skid rubber asphalt waterproofing coating layer is used as an adhesive. Different waterproofing materials can play their respective functions, ensuring that the foundation and walls are leak-proof and the construction quality of underground waterproofing is guaranteed. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0018] The technical solution of the present invention will be more clearly and completely explained below through the description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention.
[0019] A waterproof construction method for underground engineering according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps:
[0020] S1: Basement floor waterproofing construction, including base treatment, line positioning, laying of waterproof membrane, membrane overlap treatment, self-inspection, repair, acceptance and steel bar binding.
[0021] The laying of waterproof membrane includes the construction of pre-laying reverse-adhesive membrane. During construction, the construction method of large surface pressing the pier and the vertical surface pressing the bottom plane of the pier is adopted. The bottom plane of the pier is constructed first, and the membrane of the bottom plane of the pier is laid to the bottom edge of the pier mold. Then the pier side wall corners are constructed. The pier side wall membrane extends downward on the bottom plane and overlaps with the bottom membrane. The overlap width is not less than 80mm. The width of the pier side wall membrane turned out of the pier top is controlled at 200mm to ensure that the overlap position remains on the top plane of the pier, and the overlap width is not less than 80mm. After the membrane is laid, the overlap edge treatment of the membrane includes using a roller or scraper to roll and exhaust at all overlapping positions to make the overlapping positions densely pasted. After rolling and exhausting, a single-sided sand-coated special tape is used to seal the apex of the three-sided intersection angle of the pier.
[0022] Before construction, the base layer should be cleaned of debris on the surface of the cushion layer, and the protruding ash and floating slurry should be leveled. The base layer should be kept clean and flat before construction. Pits and honeycomb structures in the concrete should be repaired and strengthened with cement mortar of the same strength grade. If there is visible water on the base surface, it should be swept away before construction.
[0023] S2: Basement side wall waterproofing construction, including base treatment, asphalt waterproof coating application, laying of self-adhesive waterproof membrane, protective layer construction and inspection and acceptance;
[0024] When treating the base layer, the base layer should be kept solid, flat, dust-free and oil-free. Uneven spots and misaligned board seams should be polished or repaired. The tension screw holes of the exterior wall formwork should be sealed. All wall sleeves and embedded parts should be installed according to the design requirements. The inner corners of the base layer should be made into arcs with a radius of 50mm or 45° slope, and the outer corners should be made into fillets with a radius of 20mm. Construction can be carried out as long as there is no visible water on the base surface.
[0025] The construction of asphalt waterproof coating begins with the construction of detailed additional layer, applying a layer of coating at the detailed nodes, and laying non-woven fabric reinforcement additional layer before the coating is dry. The width of the additional layer is 300mm on each side, and the overlap width of the long side of the carcass reinforcement material non-woven fabric is not less than 50mm, and the overlap width of the short side is not less than 70mm. After compaction and fit, apply the coating again on the surface of the non-woven fabric; then carry out large-surface coating construction: the spraying should be uniform and there should be no bottom exposure and accumulation. After the coating is dry and black and passed the acceptance inspection, the roll material can be laid. When the coating is applied in pieces, the overlap width should be not less than 100mm; avoid adding water to dilute the coating during construction. The construction temperature is 5℃~35℃. Construction is not allowed when the temperature is below 0℃ or it is rainy, including when rain is expected within 6 hours after the completion of construction. The interval between two coats of coating is within 24h.
[0026] When laying self-adhesive waterproofing membrane, first position the membrane, determine the membrane control line on the base layer, determine the membrane laying direction, and then test lay the membrane according to the flow direction; after the test laying, first cut the membrane to be laid with the PET film facing outwards, and then peel off the release paper on the other side of the membrane. When tearing, the peeled release paper should be torn at an acute angle of 45° to 60° to the adhesive surface to prevent the release paper from being pulled off. While tearing the release paper, use a pressure roller to roll it forward and on both sides to expel the air under the membrane so that the membrane is firmly attached to the base layer; laying When rolling the next roll, first glue the large surface of the roll, and then deal with the overlapping parts. When overlapping the long sides, lift up the isolation paper at the overlapping part of the lower roll, align the upper roll with the overlapping control line and stick it flat on the lower roll, scrape and press to expel the air, and fully stick it. When overlapping the long sides, overlap according to the overlapping control line of the roll, and ensure that the overlap width is not less than 80mm. The distance between the long side joints of the two adjacent rolls is staggered by 1 / 3 of the width. When overlapping the short sides, the overlap width is not less than 100mm, and the short side overlap joints of the two adjacent rolls are staggered by more than 500mm.
[0027] S3: Waterproofing construction at the junction of the basement floor and side walls, including waterproofing construction at the corners of the basement exterior wall and top plate, junction construction between the basement floor and side walls, and construction of broken roll materials at the junction of the basement floor and side walls.
[0028] The waterproofing construction of the corner between the basement exterior wall and the top plate first adds a layer of butyl tape at the corner between the basement exterior wall and the top plate, and then extends from the underground exterior wall to the upper base surface of the top plate to form a closed waterproof layer on the periphery. The external waterproofing is applied with an extension length of 250mm. The top plate roll material extends 250mm to the exterior wall, and a high-viscosity anti-slip coating is used in the middle for bonding.
[0029] The bottom plate waterproofing during the construction of the intersection of the basement floor and the side wall is a pre-laid anti-adhesive waterproof membrane for high-rise buildings. The joint is located on the side of the raft slab, and the side wall waterproofing layer is a high-viscosity anti-slip asphalt waterproof coating and a self-adhesive polymer modified asphalt polyester waterproof membrane. The overlap between the bottom plate and the side wall is not less than 150mm. If there is any pre-laid anti-adhesive peeling, the peeled membrane will be painted with exterior wall paint twice, each time with a thickness of 1.5mm. Butyl tape is used for bonding in the middle, and paint is used to seal the end of the self-adhesive waterproof membrane. According to the exterior wall waterproofing construction method, the exterior wall waterproof membrane is painted and pasted. Butyl tape is used for bonding between the exterior wall waterproof membrane and the bottom plate waterproof membrane. Butyl tape is a double-sided adhesive tape.
[0030] When constructing the broken membrane at the junction of the basement floor and the side wall, the concrete structure of the broken part of the floor membrane shall be added with cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof material with a thickness of not less than 1.0mm and a dosage of not less than 1.5kg / m 2 The base layer should be kept clean, solid, moist and free of visible water. After construction, it should be maintained according to the material requirements. The additional layer adopts 1.5mm thick high-viscosity anti-slip asphalt waterproof coating. The exterior wall waterproof layer returns to the broken end and adopts 1.5mm thick high-viscosity anti-slip asphalt waterproof coating and 3.0mm thick self-adhesive polymer modified asphalt polyester waterproof membrane. The R corner is added at the end of the bottom plate waterproof membrane with an arc length of 300mm, 150mm above and below.
[0031] A method for underground engineering waterproofing construction of the present invention uses a high-viscosity anti-water-skid rubber asphalt waterproof coating layer to connect a polymer self-adhesive film waterproofing membrane layer with a raft foundation, a pre-laid reverse-adhesive waterproofing membrane layer and a self-adhesive polymer modified asphalt polyester waterproofing membrane. The high-viscosity anti-water-skid rubber asphalt waterproofing coating layer is used as an adhesive. Different waterproofing materials can play their respective functions, ensuring that the foundation and walls are leak-proof and the construction quality of underground waterproofing is guaranteed.
[0032] The above-described specific embodiments merely describe preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, substitutions, and improvements made by a person skilled in the art to the technical solution of the present invention based on the textual description provided herein without departing from the design concept and spirit of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is determined by the claims.
Claims
1. A waterproof construction method for underground engineering, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Waterproof construction of basement slab, including base treatment, line positioning, laying of waterproofing membrane, treatment of membrane overlap, self-inspection, repair, acceptance and steel bar binding; S2: Waterproofing construction of basement side walls, including base treatment, asphalt waterproof coating construction, laying of self-adhesive waterproofing membranes, protection layer construction and inspection and acceptance; S3: Waterproof construction at the junction of the basement floor and side walls, including waterproof construction at the corners of the basement exterior wall and top plate, junction construction between the basement floor and side walls, and broken roll material construction at the junction of the basement floor and side walls.
2. A waterproof construction method for underground engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the base layer is treated by cleaning the surface debris of the cushion layer before construction, flattening the protruding ash and slurry, keeping the base layer clean and flat before construction, and repairing and strengthening the pits and honeycomb structures in the concrete with cement mortar of the same strength grade. If there is clear water on the base surface, it should be swept away before construction.
3. The underground engineering waterproofing construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, laying waterproof membrane includes pre-laying reverse adhesive membrane construction, and during construction, a construction method of pressing the pier with a large surface and pressing the bottom plane of the pier with the vertical surface of the pier is adopted. The bottom plane of the pier is constructed first, and the membrane of the bottom plane of the pier is laid to the bottom edge of the pier mold. Then the positive and negative corners of the pier side wall are constructed. The membrane of the pier side wall extends downward on the bottom plane and overlaps with the bottom membrane. The overlap width is not less than 80mm. The width of the pier side wall membrane turned out of the top of the pier is controlled to be 200mm, ensuring that the overlap position remains on the top plane of the pier, and the overlap width is not less than 80mm. After the membrane is laid, the overlap edge treatment of the membrane includes using a roller or a scraper to roll and exhaust at all overlapping positions to make the overlapping positions densely pasted. After rolling and exhausting, a single-sided sand-bearing special tape is used at the vertex position of the three-sided intersection angle of the pier for sealing.
4. The underground engineering waterproofing construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the base layer is kept solid, flat, dust-free and oil-free during base layer treatment. Uneven spots and misaligned plate seams are polished or repaired. The tension screw holes of the exterior wall template are sealed. All wall sleeves and embedded parts are installed according to design requirements. The inner corner of the base layer is made into an arc with a radius of 50 mm or a 45° slope foot, and the outer corner is made into a fillet with a radius of 20 mm. Construction can be carried out when there is no visible water on the base surface.
5. The underground engineering waterproofing construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the asphalt waterproof coating construction first carries out the construction of the detailed additional layer, applies a layer of coating at the detailed nodes, and lays the non-woven fabric reinforcement additional layer before the coating is dry. The width of the additional layer is 300mm on each side, and the overlap width of the long side of the carcass reinforcement material non-woven fabric is not less than 50mm, and the overlap width of the short side is not less than 70mm. After compaction and fit, apply the coating again on the surface of the non-woven fabric; then carry out the large-surface coating construction: the spraying should be uniform and there should be no bottom exposure and accumulation. After the coating is dry and black and has passed the acceptance inspection, the coiled material is laid. When the coating is applied in pieces, the overlap width is not less than 100mm; avoid adding water to dilute the coating during construction, the construction temperature is 5℃~35℃, and construction is not allowed when the temperature is less than 0℃ or it is rainy, including when it is expected to rain within 6 hours after the completion of construction. The interval time between two coats of coating is within 24h.
6. The underground engineering waterproofing construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, when laying the self-adhesive waterproofing roll material, the roll material is first positioned, the roll material control line is determined on the base layer, the roll material laying direction is determined, and then the roll material is trial-laid according to the flow direction; after the trial laying of the roll material, the roll material to be laid is first cut, with the PET film facing outward, and then the release paper on the other side of the roll material is peeled off. When tearing, the peeled release paper should be torn at an acute angle of 45° to 60° with the bonding surface to prevent the release paper from being pulled off. While tearing the release paper, use a pressure roller to roll it forward and on both sides to expel the air under the roll material, so that the roll material and the base layer are firmly attached. When laying the next roll of material, first glue the large surface of the roll, and then handle the overlapping parts. When overlapping the long sides, lift up the isolation paper at the overlapping part of the lower roll, align the upper roll with the overlapping control line and stick it flat on the lower roll. Scrape and press to expel the air and fully stick it. When overlapping the long sides, overlap according to the overlapping control line of the roll to ensure that the overlapping width is not less than 80mm, and the distance between the long side joints of two adjacent rolls is staggered by 1 / 3 of the width. When overlapping the short sides, the overlapping width is not less than 100mm, and the short side overlapping joints of two adjacent rolls are staggered by more than 500mm.
7. The underground engineering waterproofing construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the waterproof construction of the corner between the basement exterior wall and the top plate first adds a layer of butyl tape at the corner between the basement exterior wall and the top plate, and forms a closed waterproof layer on the periphery through the underground exterior wall surface to the upper base surface of the top plate. The outer waterproof layer is pasted externally with an extension length of 250mm. The top plate roll material extends 250mm to the exterior wall, and a high-viscosity anti-slip coating is used in the middle for bonding.
8. The underground engineering waterproofing construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the basement floor waterproofing in the construction of the junction between the basement floor and the side wall is a high-rise pre-laid reverse-adhesive waterproof membrane, the joint is located on the side of the raft, the side wall waterproof layer is a high-viscosity anti-slip asphalt waterproof coating and a self-adhesive polymer modified asphalt polyester waterproof membrane, and the overlap between the basement floor and the side wall is not less than 150mm. If the pre-laid reverse-adhesive membrane falls off, the fallen membrane is painted with exterior wall paint twice, each time with a thickness of 1.5mm, and butyl tape is used for bonding in the middle, and the end of the self-adhesive waterproof membrane is sealed with paint. According to the exterior wall waterproofing method, the exterior wall waterproof membrane is painted and pasted, and butyl tape is used for bonding between the exterior wall waterproof membrane and the base plate waterproof membrane. The butyl tape is a double-sided adhesive tape.
9. The underground engineering waterproofing construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, when the cut-off roll material is constructed at the junction of the basement floor and the side wall, a cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof material is added to the concrete structure at the cut-off part of the floor roll material, with a thickness of not less than 1.0 mm and a dosage of not less than 1.5 kg / m 2 The base layer should be kept clean, solid, moist, and free of visible water. After construction, it should be maintained according to the material requirements. The additional layer uses a 1.5mm thick high-viscosity anti-slip asphalt waterproof coating. The exterior wall waterproof layer returns to the broken end and uses a 1.5mm thick high-viscosity anti-slip asphalt waterproof coating and a 3.0mm thick self-adhesive polymer modified asphalt polyester base waterproof membrane. An R corner is added to the end of the bottom plate waterproof membrane at the broken end, with an arc length of 300mm, 150mm each above and below.