Polar region drilling integrated equipment and polar region drilling method

Abstract

The invention provides polar region drilling integrated equipment and a polar region drilling method, and particularly relates to drilling integrated equipment used for polar region ice layer drilling or in an extreme climate environment. Comprising a polar region air drill circulation integration system used for conducting primary drilling in a drill hole and a polar region drilling fluid circulation integration system used for conducting secondary drilling in the drill hole. The polar region drilling field power integration system is used for providing power support for the polar region air drilling circulation integration system and the polar region drilling fluid circulation integration system; and the drilling machine system is used in cooperation with the polar region air drilling circulation integration system, the polar region drilling fluid circulation integration system and the polar region drilling field power integration system and is used for completing drilling and coring. The low-temperature resistance of the equipment is less than or equal to-45 DEG C, the equipment can overwinter in the south pole, the equipment can be normally started after overwintering, the equipment can endure severe environmental conditions and complex under-ice environment tests in the construction period of the south pole, and the requirement for drilling reliability is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of polar drilling technology, and in particular to polar drilling integrated equipment and a polar drilling method. Background Art

[0002] The development of polar subglacial bedrock drilling technology and equipment and the acquisition of deep subglacial bedrock samples are of great scientific significance. Polar deep subglacial bedrock drilling provides an opportunity to explore the subglacial environment. By obtaining subglacial bedrock and ice-rock interface samples, we can explore important information about subglacial geological structures and search for ancient biological life forms, while providing space for polar geothermal research. However, due to the harsh polar environmental conditions and complex subglacial environment (basal ice, basal meltwater, and moraine, etc.), subglacial bedrock drilling and sampling is very difficult.

[0003] In the field of polar research, scientific issues related to the polar ice sheet have always been the forefront and hotspot of research. Whether it is the exploration and development of polar resources and energy or the study of the laws of global climate change, it is inseparable from ice core drilling. However, the geological conditions in Antarctica are complex. The ice layer is divided into a high-permeability granular snow layer, a brittle ice layer, a warm ice layer, and an ice-rock interlayer; the strata are divided into a complex ice-rock interface (meltwater, unfrozen moraine, etc.) and bedrock under the ice. The environmental conditions are harsh. The temperature in the inland area of ​​Antarctica is below -55°C, and the temperature in the ice layer ranges from -55°C to -2°C. The construction time is very short each year, with only about 40 days in some areas. In addition, the stability of the borehole wall is poor, the granular snow layer is loose, the brittle ice layer is prone to collapse, the ice-warm layer has creep, and it is difficult to enter the rock at the ice-rock interface. Under the above conditions, higher requirements are placed on the transportation, environmental adaptability, reliability and low-temperature resistance of drilling facilities. The complexity of the ice layer strata also makes it more difficult to drill cores of bedrock under the ice. Therefore, it is imperative to study multi-process polar drilling equipment and system integration. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention proposes a polar drilling integrated equipment and a polar drilling method. Specifically, the polar drilling integrated equipment includes:

[0005] an integrated arctic air drill circulation system for primary drilling in a borehole;

[0006] An integrated system for circulating polar drilling fluids for secondary drilling in the borehole to complete the coring;

[0007] Polar drilling site power integration system for providing power support for the polar air drilling circulation integration system and the polar drilling fluid circulation integration system;

[0008] A drilling rig system for completing drilling and coring used in conjunction with the polar air drill circulation integrated system, the polar drilling fluid circulation integrated system, and the polar drilling site power integrated system.

[0009] Based on the above scheme, the polar air drilling circulation integrated system includes:

[0010] An air compressor for compressing air, a gas storage tank connected to the air compressor for storing high-pressure gas, a refrigerated dryer connected to the gas storage tank for primary drying of the high-pressure air, an adsorption dryer connected to the refrigerated dryer for secondary drying of the high-pressure air, an air cooler connected to the adsorption dryer for cooling the high-pressure air, an air intake pipeline connected to the air outlet of the air cooler for conveying high-pressure airflow to a drill bit, and an exhaust pipeline connected to the drill bit for exhausting air.

[0011] On the basis of the above scheme, the polar air drill circulation integrated system further comprises: a pre-filter for filtering arranged on the input pipeline of the refrigeration dryer and a post-filter for filtering arranged on the output pipeline of the adsorption dryer.

[0012] On the basis of the above scheme, the polar air drill circulation integrated system further comprises: a sensor assembly for monitoring high-pressure air flow, pressure, temperature and humidity is arranged on the air intake pipeline.

[0013] Based on the above scheme, the polar drilling fluid circulation integrated system includes a cooling component for cooling the drilling fluid, an injection component arranged on the drilling fluid input pipeline and connected to the cooling component for injecting low-temperature drilling fluid into the well to cooperate with the drill bit to drill, a solid-liquid separation component connected to the injection component for separating the drilling fluid and ice chips or rock chips, and a parameter detection component arranged at the output end of the injection component for monitoring the key parameters of the drilling fluid entering the wellhead.

[0014] Based on the above scheme, the cooling component includes an air cooler for exchanging heat with outdoor air to dissipate heat from the drilling fluid, a heat exchanger connected to the air cooler for heat exchange, and a circulating pump connected to the heat exchanger for transporting drilling fluid from the injection component to the heat exchanger.

[0015] On the basis of the above scheme, the injection assembly comprises:

[0016] A drilling fluid collecting tank connected to the heat exchanger for storing drilling fluid, an agitator arranged on the drilling fluid collecting tank, a low-temperature plunger pump connected to the drilling fluid collecting tank for conveying drilling fluid, an accumulator arranged on an output pipeline connected to the low-temperature plunger pump for stabilizing and balancing the drilling fluid pressure, and a pressure relief valve for pressure relief arranged on the output pipeline connected to the accumulator.

[0017] Based on the above scheme, the solid-liquid separation component includes: a sewage pump connected to the drill pipe for discharging impurities discharged from the drill pipe, a vibrating screen connected to the sewage pump for achieving solid-liquid material separation, and a vertical centrifuge connected to the vibrating screen for achieving solid-liquid separation to guide the output of drilling fluid and rock cuttings or ice chips.

[0018] On the basis of the above scheme, it also includes: a first container structure for installing a polar air drilling circulation integrated system, a second container structure for installing a polar drilling fluid circulation integrated system, and a third container structure for installing a polar drilling drilling site power integrated system;

[0019] A sled structure for transportation and movement on snow or ice is provided at the bottom of the first container structure, the second container structure and the third container structure;

[0020] Heaters for heating so as to keep the equipment at operating temperature are arranged inside the first container structure, the second container structure and the third container structure.

[0021] In addition, the present invention also provides a polar drilling method, which uses the polar drilling integrated equipment and includes the following steps:

[0022] Ⅰ. When drilling in the granular snow layer, the polar air drill circulation integrated system is used for air reverse circulation drilling, and the casing is lowered and sealed by water injection and freezing;

[0023] Ⅱ. When drilling in ice, if the thickness of the ice sheet is less than the air drilling limit depth, use double-wall drill pipe and drill bit for air reverse circulation drilling;

[0024] If the ice sheet thickness is greater than the air drilling limit depth:

[0025] The first step is to use the polar air drill circulation integrated system to perform air reverse circulation drilling technology to drill to the maximum depth;

[0026] The second step is to use the polar drilling fluid circulation integrated system to perform reverse circulation drilling technology to drill into the ice-rock interlayer;

[0027] III. When drilling in ice-rock interlayers, use the polar drilling fluid circulation integrated system and drill bit for reverse circulation drilling;

[0028] IV. When drilling into bedrock under ice, a polar drilling fluid circulation integrated system is used for rope coring drilling tools.

[0029] Compared with existing equipment, the three systems of the polar air drill circulation integrated system, polar drilling fluid circulation integrated system and polar drilling drilling site power integrated system of the present invention can complete the coring of bedrock under the ice within 25m in the Antarctic continent and carry out continuous coring work in other extremely cold climate environments. The three systems are suitable for various forms of transportation conditions such as roads, railways, container ocean transport ships, snow sleds, etc.; the integrated system can realize both overall hoisting and split helicopter hoisting; the system structure is intelligent, modular, convenient and lightweight, and the equipment is suitable for long-term storage and construction in ultra-low temperature environments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the polar drilling integrated equipment in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the polar air drilling circulation integrated system of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the polar drilling fluid circulation integrated system of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the solid-liquid separation component in the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the third container structure in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be pointed out that the embodiments described below are intended to facilitate the understanding of the present invention and do not have any limiting effect on the present invention.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] The present application provides a specific implementation of polar drilling integrated equipment, such as Figure 1 The polar drilling integrated equipment is used for polar ice drilling, and includes:

[0038] A polar air drill circulation integrated system 1 for performing a drilling operation in a borehole; the polar air drill circulation integrated system 1 is used to improve drilling efficiency;

[0039] Polar drilling fluid circulation integrated system 2 for secondary drilling in a borehole; Polar drilling fluid circulation integrated system 2 is used to complete the coring of the final drilling;

[0040] A polar drilling site power integration system 3 for providing power support for the polar air drilling circulation integration system 1 and the polar drilling fluid circulation integration system 2;

[0041] A drilling rig system 7 for completing drilling and coring is used in conjunction with a polar air drill circulation integrated system 1, a polar drilling fluid circulation integrated system 2, and a polar drilling site power integrated system 3.

[0042] The drilling system 7 selects conventional drill bits and drilling tools according to the adaptability of the usage scenario, which will not be described in detail here.

[0043] like Figure 2 As shown, as a specific embodiment, the polar air drill circulation integrated system 1 includes an air compressor 1-1 arranged in a box for compressing air, a gas storage tank 1-2 connected to the air compressor 1-1 for storing high-pressure gas, a refrigerated dryer 1-3 connected to the gas storage tank 1-2 for primary drying of the high-pressure air, an adsorption dryer 1-4 connected to the refrigerated dryer 1-3 for secondary drying of the high-pressure air, an air cooler 1-5 connected to the adsorption dryer 1-4 for cooling the high-pressure air, an air intake pipeline 1-6 connected to the air outlet of the air cooler 1-5 for conveying high-pressure airflow to the drill bit, and an exhaust pipeline 1-7 connected to the drill bit for exhaust.

[0044] Specifically, due to the limitation of polar ambient temperature, the air temperature at the outlet of air conditioners 1-5 should be ≤-5°C.

[0045] As a specific embodiment, the polar air drill circulation integrated system 1 also includes: a pre-filter 1-9 for filtering arranged on the input pipeline of the refrigeration dryer 1-3 and a post-filter 1-10 for filtering arranged on the output pipeline of the adsorption dryer 1-4.

[0046] As a specific implementation scheme of the polar air drilling cycle integrated system 1, it also includes: a sensor assembly 1-8 for monitoring the high-pressure air flow, pressure, temperature and humidity is arranged on the intake pipeline 1-6. Specifically, the sensor assembly 1-8 includes a vortex flowmeter for monitoring the high-pressure air flow, a pressure transmitter for monitoring the pressure in the intake pipeline 1-6, a second thermometer for monitoring the temperature in the intake pipeline 1-6, and a dew point meter for monitoring the humidity in the intake pipeline 1-6.

[0047] Polar air drilling circulation integrated system 1 is mainly suitable for drilling operations in polar regions, deserts, and other areas with water shortage, drought, or environmental protection requirements. In these environments, traditional liquid circulation media are easily restricted by environmental conditions, while the air drilling circulation integrated system can effectively deal with these problems. In addition, the system can also be used for drilling operations under some special geological conditions, such as frozen soil, salt layers, etc.

[0048] like Figure 3As shown, as a specific embodiment, the polar drilling fluid circulation integrated system 2 includes a cooling component 2-1 for cooling the drilling fluid, an injection component 2-2 arranged on the drilling fluid input pipeline and connected to the cooling component 2-1 for injecting low-temperature drilling fluid into the bottom of the well to cooperate with the drill bit to drill, and a solid-liquid separation component 2-3 connected to the injection component 2-2 for separating the drilling fluid and ice chips or rock chips.

[0049] As a specific implementation scheme of the polar drilling fluid circulation integrated system 2, it also includes: a parameter detection component 2-4 arranged at the output end of the injection component 2-2 for monitoring key parameters of the drilling fluid entering the wellhead, and the parameter detection component 2-4 includes a first thermometer, a pressure gauge, a flow meter and a liquid level meter.

[0050] The cooling assembly 2-1 includes an air cooler 2-1-1, a heat exchanger 2-1-2 and a circulation pump 2-1-3.

[0051] The injection assembly 2-2 includes: a drilling fluid collecting tank 2-2-1 for storing drilling fluid connected to the heat exchanger 2-1-2, an agitator 2-2-2 arranged on the drilling fluid collecting tank 2-2-1, a low-temperature plunger pump 2-2-3 for conveying drilling fluid connected to the drilling fluid collecting tank 2-2-1, an accumulator 2-2-4 for stabilizing and balancing the drilling fluid pressure arranged on the output pipeline connected to the low-temperature plunger pump 2-2-3, and a pressure relief valve 2-2-5 for pressure relief arranged on the output pipeline connected to the other end of the pump head of the low-temperature plunger pump 2-2-3 and connected to the accumulator (2-2-4).

[0052] During operation, the drilling fluid separated from the solid control goes into the drilling fluid collecting tank 2-2-1, and the drilling fluid in the drilling fluid collecting tank 2-2-1 is sent to the heat exchanger 2-1-2 through the circulating pump 2-1-3. The drilling fluid and the refrigerant of the air cooler 2-1-1 exchange heat in the heat exchanger 2-1-2. The air cooler 2-1-1 takes away the heat of the drilling fluid through the heat exchanger 2-1-2 to cool the drilling fluid. After continuous circulation and cooling, the final drilling fluid temperature is ≤-2°C (the setting range can be -20 to 0°C), and it flows from the heat exchanger 2-1-2 through the pipeline to the drilling fluid collecting tank 2-1-1. According to the needs of drilling, the reagent can be added to the drilling fluid collecting tank 2-1-1, and injected into the drilling after being stirred evenly by the agitator 2-2-2.

[0053] like Figure 4As shown, as a specific embodiment, the solid-liquid separation component 2-3 includes: a sewage pump 2-3-1 connected to the drill pipe for discharging impurities discharged from the drill pipe, a vibrating screen 2-3-2 connected to the sewage pump 2-3-1 for achieving solid-liquid material separation, and a vertical centrifuge 2-3-3 connected to the vibrating screen 2-3-2 for achieving solid-liquid separation to guide the output of drilling fluid (returning to the drilling fluid collection tank 2-1-1) and rock or ice chips (output to the rock and ice buckets). Among them, the drilling fluid screened by the vibrating screen 2-3-2 and the vertical centrifuge 2-3-3 is connected to the heat exchanger 2-1-2 through the pipeline and the circulation pump 2-1-3 through the drilling fluid output pipeline. After heat exchange, the low-temperature drilling fluid is injected into the bottom of the well again through the drilling fluid input pipeline through the low-temperature plunger pump 2-2-3 and the pipeline.

[0054] It also includes: a sediment tank 2-3-4 for collecting solid waste. The drilling fluid from the wellhead is deposited in the sediment tank 2-3-4 and then pumped to the vibrating screen 2-3-2 by the sewage pump 2-3-1. The sediment tank 2-3-4 is the must-go for the positive circulation of the drilling fluid; the reverse circulation of the drilling fluid does not pass through the sediment tank, but directly goes from the wellhead to the vibrating screen 2-3-2. The ice and rock chips from the vibrating screen 2-3-2 and the vertical centrifuge 2-3-3 slide or accumulate in the ice (rock) chip tank.

[0055] The arrangement positions of the cooling component 2-1, the injection component 2-2 and the solid-liquid separation component 2-3 in the housing can be changed according to actual conditions.

[0056] The Polar Drilling Fluid Circulation Integrated System 2 is a supporting system used for drilling operations in polar environments. Its design and functions take into account the special conditions of polar environments. The system has better cold resistance, stability and reliability and can be used in drilling construction in extremely cold areas.

[0057] like Figure 5 As shown, as a specific implementation scheme, the polar drilling drilling site power integration system 3 includes two diesel generator sets 3-1, a control cable reel and a muffler 3-3 arranged on the diesel generator set 3-1, which are arranged in a box and used alternately. The two diesel generator sets 3-1 are connected to the control cabinet through power cables and signal cables to form a complete power supply system. The two diesel generator sets 3-1 are used in one and standby in the other, and can be cold and hot, and can be switched seamlessly. The power station can be unmanned, and the power station components and components have good corrosion resistance, moisture resistance, and salt spray resistance, and can adapt to the use under the extremely low temperature environment conditions in Antarctica. Figure 5 The control cable reel and silencer are not shown.

[0058] Polar Drilling Site Power Integration System 3, this type of product has a broad application space, not only limited to Antarctica, but also suitable for areas with harsh environments and difficult energy supply such as mountains and deserts. When conducting geological exploration, resource mining, scientific research and other drilling operations in these areas, the power integration system can provide stable power support for drilling equipment.

[0059] The above three systems can all realize remote intelligent control, forming the domestic leading scientific research results of the three system devices: polar air drill circulation integrated system 1, polar drilling fluid circulation integrated system 2, and polar drilling drilling site power integrated system 3; intelligent control is an important means to improve the performance of polar system devices. By integrating sensors, controllers, communications and other technologies, real-time monitoring, automatic adjustment and remote control of the system can be achieved. Intelligent control can reduce maintenance costs and save manpower, and improve the operating efficiency of the system. Among them, means such as remote control can adopt conventional means of the existing technology, which does not belong to the innovation of the present invention and will not be repeated here.

[0060] The three systems are modularly configured, with a single unit transport weight not exceeding 4t, which can meet the needs of various modes of transportation such as ports, offshore ships, helicopters, and snowfields. Each system can be integrated into a 20-foot container.

[0061] The three systems can achieve a low-temperature resistance of ≤-45℃, can overwinter in Antarctica, and can start normally after wintering. During construction in Antarctica, they can withstand the harsh polar environmental conditions and complex under-ice environment, meet drilling reliability requirements, and reach the world's advanced level.

[0062] Example 2

[0063] Based on the device in Example 1, the present application provides a specific implementation of polar drilling integrated equipment. A specific implementation of integrating a polar air drill circulation integrated system 1, a polar drilling fluid circulation integrated system 2, and a polar drilling drilling site power integrated system 3 in a container for application in Antarctica, specifically, a polar drilling integrated equipment, including a first container structure 4, a second container structure 5, and a third container structure 6, a polar air drill circulation integrated system 1 in Example 1 arranged in the first container structure 4, a polar drilling fluid circulation integrated system 2 in Example 1 arranged in the second container structure 5, a polar drilling drilling site power integrated system 3 in Example 1 arranged in the third container structure 6, a sled structure for transportation and movement on snow or ice arranged at the bottom of the container structure, and a heater arranged inside the container for heating to keep the equipment at operating temperature. (The sled structure and heater are not shown in the figure)

[0064] The polar air drilling circulation integrated system is integrated into a 20-foot container structure and fixed on a sled for transportation; a heater is provided inside the container structure to ensure that the temperature inside the container reaches 0-5°C when the air compressor 1 is started;

[0065] The main design parameters of the air drilling circulation system are as follows:

[0066] (1) Polar air drilling circulation integrated system

[0067] name index Air circulation system quantity 1 set Air pressure dew point -40℃ Cooler outlet air temperature ≤-5℃ flow <![CDATA[10Nm 3 / min]]> pressure 1.5MPa Equipment low temperature resistance ≤-45℃(wintering in Antarctica) volume Can be integrated into a 20-foot container weight The transport weight of a single unit shall not exceed 4t

[0068] (2) Polar drilling fluid circulation integrated system

[0069] name index Low temperature drilling fluid circulation system quantity 1 set Cooler outlet drilling fluid temperature No higher than -2℃ flow 100L / min pressure 2MPa Equipment low temperature resistance ≤-45℃(wintering in Antarctica) volume Can be integrated into a 20-foot container weight The transport weight of a single unit shall not exceed 4t

[0070] (3) Polar Drilling Site Power Integration System

[0071]

[0072]

[0073] When conducting scientific experiments near Zhongshan Station in Antarctica, in order to utilize the efficient drilling characteristics of air circulation, the polar air drill circulation integrated system is used to cooperate with drilling construction within a hole (drilling) depth of 400m, and the polar drilling fluid circulation integrated system is used to cooperate with construction in deeper drilling sections to complete the coring task.

[0074] (1) Polar Drilling Site Power Integration System

[0075] This type of product has a broad application space and is not limited to Antarctica. It can also be used in areas with harsh environments and difficult energy supply, such as mountains and deserts. When conducting geological exploration, resource exploitation, scientific research and other drilling operations in these areas, the power integration system can provide stable power support for the drilling equipment.

[0076] (2) Polar Air Drilling Circulation Integrated System

[0077] Developed polar air drilling circulation integrated system (flow rate 10m 3 / min, rated pressure 1.5MPa) theoretical drilling depth (aperture 102mm) is about 400m.

[0078] The polar air drill circulation integrated system is mainly suitable for drilling operations in polar regions, deserts, and other water-scarce, drought-prone, or environmentally friendly environments. In these environments, traditional liquid circulation media are easily restricted by environmental conditions, while the air drill circulation integrated system can effectively deal with these problems. In addition, the system can also be used for drilling operations under some special geological conditions, such as frozen soil, salt layers, etc.

[0079] (3) Polar drilling fluid circulation integrated system

[0080] The polar drilling fluid circulation integrated system is a supporting system used for drilling operations in polar environments. Its design and functions take into account the special conditions of the polar environment. The system has better cold resistance, stability and reliability and can be used in drilling construction in extremely cold areas.

[0081] Example 3

[0082] Based on the device in Example 1 or 2, the present application provides a specific implementation of a polar drilling method.

[0083] Polar air drilling circulation integrated system is used to cooperate with drilling construction within the hole depth (drilling) of 400m, and polar drilling fluid circulation integrated system is used to cooperate with construction in deeper drilling sections to complete the coring work. Different drilling processes are used according to the different properties of the ice layer and formation being drilled.

[0084] In the granular snow layer, the polar air drilling circulation integrated system is used for air reverse circulation drilling, and the casing is lowered and sealed by water injection and freezing. In ice layer drilling, if the ice sheet thickness is less than the air drilling limit depth (400m), double-wall drill pipe and carbide full-face drill bit are used for air reverse circulation drilling;

[0085] If the thickness of the ice sheet is greater than the air drilling limit depth, the polar air drilling circulation integrated system is first used to perform air reverse circulation drilling to the limit depth, and then the polar drilling fluid circulation integrated system is used to perform drilling fluid reverse circulation drilling to the ice-rock interlayer (i.e. the junction of the ice layer and the bedrock under the ice). The polar drilling fluid circulation integrated system is used to perform reverse circulation drilling in the ice-rock interlayer in conjunction with the PDC full-face drill bit. The bedrock under the ice is drilled using the polar drilling fluid circulation integrated system with a rope coring drill tool.

[0086] Step 1: First, level the site required for drilling operations, arrange the containers of each system according to the operating environment (climate, wind and snow, etc.), and ensure reasonable spacing;

[0087] Step 2: Connect the polar drilling site power integration system 3 and the polar air drilling circulation integration system 1, the polar drilling fluid circulation integration system 2, the cable power line of the container portable drilling rig and various communication monitoring lines;

[0088] Step 3: Connect the air inlet, air outlet, liquid inlet and liquid return pipelines of the polar air drilling circulation integrated system 1, the polar drilling fluid circulation integrated system 2 and the container portable drilling rig;

[0089] As a specific implementation scheme, if the ice sheet thickness is less than the air drilling limit depth (400m), the following steps are included:

[0090] Step 4: Select the polar air drill circulation integrated system 1 to perform air reverse circulation drilling technology; open each valve of the polar air drill circulation integrated system 1 to keep the air inlet and outlet in the pipeline unobstructed;

[0091] Step 5: Open the polar drilling drilling site power integration system 3: Open the panel of the polar drilling drilling site power integration system 3 control cabinet and select the automatic mode;

[0092] Step 6: Activate the polar air drill circulation integrated system 1: Turn on the cold dryer, air compressor, dehumidifier, and air conditioner in sequence, so that the polar air drill circulation integrated system outputs low-temperature (below -10°C) and high-pressure (the valve can be adjusted in the drilling room, not more than 1.5MPa) gas; stop drilling after the air reverse circulation drilling process reaches the bedrock, shut down the polar air drill circulation integrated system, lift the drill and replace the coring drill tool;

[0093] Step 7: Activate the polar drilling fluid circulation integrated system 2, adopt the drilling fluid positive circulation drilling process to perform rope coring, turn on the circulation pump and air cooler to cool the drilling fluid, and wait until the drilling fluid temperature drops below -5°C before proceeding to the next step;

[0094] Step 8: Start the plunger pump and use the drilling fluid positive circulation drilling process to perform rope coring to complete the coring work.

[0095] As a specific implementation scheme, if the ice sheet thickness is greater than the air drilling limit depth (400m), the following steps are included:

[0096] Step 4: Select the polar air drill circulation integrated system 1 to perform air reverse circulation drilling technology; open each valve of the polar air drill circulation integrated system 1 to keep the air inlet and outlet in the pipeline unobstructed;

[0097] Step 5: Open the polar drilling drilling site power integration system 3: Open the panel of the polar drilling drilling site power integration system 3 control cabinet and select the automatic mode;

[0098] Step 6: Activate the polar air drill circulation integrated system 1: Turn on the cold dryer, air compressor, dehumidifier, and air conditioner in sequence, so that the polar air drill circulation integrated system outputs low-temperature (below -10°C) and high-pressure (the valve can be adjusted in the drilling room, not more than 1.5MPa) gas; stop drilling after the air reverse circulation drilling process reaches the bedrock, and shut down the polar air drill circulation integrated system;

[0099] Step 7: Activate the polar drilling fluid circulation integrated system 2, continue drilling using the drilling fluid reverse circulation drilling process, turn on the circulation pump and air cooler to cool the drilling fluid, and wait until the drilling fluid temperature drops below -5°C before proceeding to the next step;

[0100] Step 8: Start the plunger pump and continue drilling to the ice-rock interlayer using the drilling fluid reverse circulation drilling process, then shut down the polar drilling fluid circulation integrated system, lift the drill and replace the coring drill tool;

[0101] Step 9: Activate the polar drilling fluid circulation integrated system 2, adopt the drilling fluid positive circulation drilling process to perform rope coring, turn on the circulation pump and air cooler to cool the drilling fluid, and wait until the drilling fluid temperature drops below -5°C before proceeding to the next step;

[0102] Step 10: Start the plunger pump and use the drilling fluid positive circulation drilling process to perform rope coring to complete the coring work.

[0103] The process technology includes polar air circulation drilling technology and polar drilling fluid circulation drilling technology. Polar air circulation drilling technology has the advantages of fast drilling speed, low energy consumption, continuous coring and sampling without lifting the drill, and can effectively avoid leakage of snow layer; polar drilling fluid circulation drilling technology is suitable for drilling ice-rock interface and bedrock. With low-temperature drilling fluid and drilling fluid circulation system, it can achieve the stability of well wall, balance of formation pressure, carrying and suspension of drill cuttings, cooling and lubrication of drill bit and drilling tools, etc., to ensure that it can drill into the bedrock under the ice and successfully coring.

[0104] The present invention integrates three systems, namely, polar air drill circulation integrated system 1, polar drilling fluid circulation integrated system 2 and polar drilling drilling site power integrated system 3 (hereinafter referred to as "three systems"), which can achieve the goal of coring more than 10m of bedrock under the ice in the Antarctic continent. At the same time, the present invention is suitable for various forms of transportation conditions such as roads, railways, container ocean transport ships, snow sleds, etc.; the integrated system can realize both overall hoisting and split helicopter hoisting; the system structure realizes intelligence, modularization, convenience and lightness, and the equipment is suitable for long-term storage and construction in ultra-low temperature environments.

[0105] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not used to limit the present invention. Any technical personnel in this field can make some changes or modify the technical contents disclosed above into equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any brief modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A polar drilling integrated equipment, characterized in that: include: An integrated arctic air drill circulation system (1) for performing a single drilling pass in a borehole; An integrated polar drilling fluid circulation system (2) for secondary drilling in a borehole to complete the drilling and coring; A polar drilling site power integration system (3) for providing power support for a polar air drilling circulation integration system (1) and a polar drilling fluid circulation integration system (2); and a drilling rig system (7) for completing drilling and coring, used in conjunction with the polar air drilling circulation integrated system (1), the polar drilling fluid circulation integrated system (2), and the polar drilling site power integrated system (3).

2. The polar drilling integrated equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polar air drilling circulation integrated system (1) comprises: An air compressor (1-1) for compressing air, a gas storage tank (1-2) for storing high-pressure gas connected to the air compressor (1-1), a refrigerated dryer (1-3) for primary drying of the high-pressure air connected to the gas storage tank (1-2), an adsorption dryer (1-4) for secondary drying of the high-pressure air connected to the refrigerated dryer (1-3), an air cooler (1-5) for cooling the high-pressure air connected to the adsorption dryer (1-4), an air inlet pipeline (1-6) for conveying high-pressure airflow to a drill bit connected to an air outlet of the air cooler (1-5), and an exhaust pipeline (1-7) for exhausting air connected to the drill bit.

3. The polar drilling integrated equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The polar air drilling circulation integrated system (1) further comprises: a pre-filter (1-9) for filtering arranged on the input pipeline of the refrigeration dryer (1-3) and a post-filter (1-10) for filtering arranged on the output pipeline of the adsorption dryer (1-4).

4. The polar drilling integrated equipment according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The polar air drilling circulation integrated system (1) further comprises: a sensor assembly (1-8) arranged on the air intake pipeline (1-6) for monitoring the high-pressure air flow, pressure, temperature and humidity.

5. The polar drilling integrated equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polar drilling fluid circulation integrated system (2) comprises a cooling component (2-1) for cooling the drilling fluid, an injection component (2-2) arranged on a drilling fluid input pipeline and connected to the cooling component (2-1) for injecting low-temperature drilling fluid into the well to assist the drill bit in drilling, a solid-liquid separation component (2-3) connected to the injection component (2-2) for separating the drilling fluid from ice or rock cuttings, and a parameter detection component (2-4) arranged at the output end of the injection component (2-2) for monitoring the parameters of the drilling fluid entering the wellhead.

6. The polar drilling integrated equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cooling component (2-1) comprises an air cooler (2-1-1) for exchanging heat with outdoor air to dissipate heat from drilling fluid, a heat exchanger (2-1-2) connected to the air cooler (2-1-1) for heat exchange, and a circulation pump (2-1-3) connected to the heat exchanger (2-1-2) for conveying drilling fluid from the injection component (2-2) to the heat exchanger (2-1-2).

7. The polar drilling integrated equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The injection assembly (2-2) comprises: A drilling fluid collection tank (2-2-1) for storing drilling fluid connected to the heat exchanger (2-1-2), an agitator (2-2-2) arranged on the drilling fluid collection tank (2-2-1), a low-temperature plunger pump (2-2-3) for conveying drilling fluid connected to the drilling fluid collection tank (2-2-1), an accumulator (2-2-4) for stabilizing and balancing the drilling fluid pressure arranged on an output pipeline connected to the low-temperature plunger pump (2-2-3), and a pressure relief valve (2-2-5) for pressure relief arranged on an output pipeline connected to the accumulator (2-2-4).

8. The polar drilling integrated equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The solid-liquid separation component (2-3) comprises: a sewage pump (2-3-1) connected to a drill pipe and used to discharge impurities discharged from the drill pipe, a vibrating screen (2-3-2) connected to the sewage pump (2-3-1) and used to separate solid and liquid materials, and a vertical centrifuge (2-3-3) connected to the vibrating screen (2-3-2) and used to separate solid and liquid to guide the output of drilling fluid and rock or ice chips.

9. The polar drilling integrated equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A first container structure (4) for installing a polar air drilling circulation integrated system (1), a second container structure (5) for installing a polar drilling fluid circulation integrated system (2), and a third container structure (6) for installing a polar drilling drilling site power integrated system (3); A sled structure for transportation and movement on snow or ice is provided at the bottom of the first container structure (4), the second container structure (5) and the third container structure (6); Heaters (7) for heating so as to maintain the operating temperature of the equipment are arranged inside the first container structure (4), the second container structure (5) and the third container structure (6).

10. A polar drilling method, using the polar drilling integrated equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Ⅰ. When drilling in the granular snow layer, the polar air drilling circulation integrated system (1) is used to perform air reverse circulation drilling technology, and the casing is lowered and sealed by water injection and freezing; Ⅱ. When drilling into the ice, If the ice sheet thickness is less than the air drilling limit depth: use double-wall drill pipe and drill bit for air reverse circulation drilling; If the ice sheet thickness is greater than the air drilling limit depth: The first step is to use the polar air drilling circulation integrated system (1) to perform air reverse circulation drilling technology to drill to the maximum depth; The second step is to use the polar drilling fluid circulation integrated system (2) to perform drilling fluid reverse circulation drilling technology to drill into the ice-rock interlayer; III. When drilling in ice-rock interlayers, use the polar drilling fluid circulation integrated system (2) and drill bit for reverse circulation drilling; IV. When drilling into bedrock under ice, the polar drilling fluid circulation integrated system (2) is used to drill with a rope coring drill.

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