Garbage combustion device and vertical multi-stage garbage gasification furnace

Abstract

The invention discloses a garbage combustion device which comprises a combustion cavity, at least more than one fixed combustion fire grate is arranged in the combustion cavity, the fixed combustion fire grates are arranged in a step shape, and at least more than one first air blowing pipe connected with external aerodynamic force equipment is arranged on the fixed combustion fire grates. A first blowing hole communicated with the first blowing pipe is formed in the fixed combustion fire grate, and the first blowing hole is used for spraying high-pressure air flow from external pneumatic power equipment so as to blow garbage falling onto the fixed combustion fire grate, so that the garbage can move and fall on the fixed combustion fire grate step by step from top to bottom. The invention further discloses a vertical multi-stage garbage gasification furnace. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, low failure rate, large garbage treatment capacity, high combustion efficiency and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention mainly relates to the technical field of garbage combustion, in particular to a garbage combustion device and a vertical multi-stage garbage gasification furnace. Background Art

[0002] Garbage is a pollutant generated along with human production activities. A large amount of waste is extremely harmful to the environment, mainly manifested in the occupation of land, pollution of the atmosphere, soil and water bodies, and the harm caused is difficult to recover. The existing urban domestic waste disposal technology is low and domestic waste disposal requires a lot of funds.

[0003] At present, there are many incineration structures used to deal with urban domestic waste, such as reciprocating grate incinerators and pyrolysis gasification incinerators. Compared with traditional waste incineration technology, waste gasification is one of the new technologies for waste incineration. It can gasify waste into combustible gas in an oxygen-free or oxygen-deficient environment, which can more effectively reduce the production of dioxins than traditional incinerators. At the same time, compared with traditional incinerators, the flue gas dust produced by waste gasification is less and easier to handle.

[0004] However, the existing garbage gasification furnaces still have some disadvantages: 1. Most of the existing garbage gasification furnaces are small furnace structures, the garbage processing capacity is very limited, and the gasification efficiency is not high. There are problems such as uneven heating of garbage and incomplete combustion; 2. Some garbage gasification furnaces adopt a movable grate structure that can reciprocate. For example, Chinese patent application CN202310491714.6 discloses a multi-furnace combined grate type graded gasification combustion furnace, which discloses a grate group including staggered movable grate pieces and fixed grate pieces, and the garbage is conveyed and stirred by the movable grate pieces; although this solution can solve the problem of garbage piling up, the movable grate requires complex hydraulic mechanisms, transmission mechanisms and actuators, which themselves have complex structures, high manufacturing costs and are prone to failure. Once a failure occurs, the machine needs to be shut down. Maintenance is required, and the operating cost is high; 3. Some garbage gasification furnaces in the prior art also adopt the design of fixed grates. For example, Chinese patent application CN200820206091.4 discloses a fixed grate, the bottom of the grate is at least two parallel base side pieces, the lower front end of each base side piece is fixed with a support seat, and the rear end of the lower part of each base side piece is fixed with a hook, which is fixed on a transverse fixed shaft, and the upper surface between the base side pieces is transversely fixed with at least one support plate, and the upper surface of the support plate is transversely fixed with one or more grate units. When this fixed grate is applied to a garbage incinerator, garbage is easily accumulated, and other auxiliary pushing devices are still required to be set up to push the clumped garbage. The additional setting of the pushing device increases the complexity of the furnace structure, and there are still problems such as high cost and easy failure. Therefore, designing a garbage gasification furnace with simple structure, low cost, batch processing of garbage and high combustion efficiency is a technical problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a vertical multi-stage garbage gasification furnace with simple structure, low cost, large garbage processing capacity and high combustion efficiency.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A garbage combustion device comprises a combustion chamber, wherein at least one fixed combustion grate is arranged in a stepped manner, and at least one first air blowing pipe connected to an external pneumatic device is provided on the fixed combustion grate. A first air blowing hole connected to the first air blowing pipe is opened on the fixed combustion grate, and the first air blowing hole is used to spray a high-pressure airflow from the external pneumatic device to blow garbage that falls onto the fixed combustion grate, so that the garbage can move and fall step by step from top to bottom on the fixed combustion grate.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present invention: a grate exhaust air chamber is provided under the plurality of the fixed combustion grates, a first ventilation hole is provided on the fixed combustion grate connected to the grate exhaust air chamber, and the grate exhaust air chamber is connected to an external ventilation device so that air enters the grate exhaust air chamber through the external ventilation device and is ejected from the first ventilation hole.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention: there are multiple first air blowing pipes, which are respectively connected to multiple first air blowing holes, and the first air blowing pipe is provided with a control valve which can control the opening and closing of the first air blowing pipe.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention: it also includes a control component, and the control component is used to control the external pneumatic equipment and the control valve.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention: a cooling pipe is provided in the fixed combustion grate.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention: a drop section is formed between two adjacent fixed combustion grates, and a drop baffle is provided near the drop section.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention: a second air blowing pipe and a second ventilation pipe are arranged in the drop baffle, and a second air blowing hole connected to the second air blowing pipe and a second ventilation hole connected to the second ventilation pipe are opened on the outer wall of the drop baffle.

[0013] The present invention also discloses a vertical multi-stage garbage gasification furnace, comprising a furnace body, wherein the furnace body comprises from top to bottom at least a feed hopper, a drying chamber, a pyrolysis gasification chamber and the garbage combustion device as described above.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention: a pushing assembly is provided near the feed hopper.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention: at least one fixed gasification grate is provided in the drying chamber and the pyrolysis gasification chamber, the fixed gasification grate is arranged in a stepped manner, a third air blowing pipe connected to an external gas power device is provided on the fixed gasification grate, a third air blowing hole connected to the third air blowing pipe is opened on the fixed gasification grate, and the third air blowing hole is used to spray out a high-pressure airflow from the external gas power device to blow the garbage that falls onto the fixed gasification grate, so that the garbage can move and fall step by step from top to bottom on the fixed gasification grate.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention: gaps are provided between adjacent fixed gasification grates.

[0017] As a further improvement of the present invention: a cooling assembly is provided on the fixed gasification grate.

[0018] As a further improvement of the present invention: a plurality of the fixed gasification grates form a group, a material discharge section is provided between two adjacent groups of fixed gasification grates, and a material discharge baffle is provided near the material discharge section.

[0019] As a further improvement of the present invention: a feeding blowing hole is provided on the feeding baffle.

[0020] As a further improvement of the present invention: a material pile detection mechanism is also provided in the furnace body, and the material pile detection mechanism is used to monitor the garbage situation on the fixed gasification grate and the fixed combustion grate and feed back the result to the control component, and control the opening and closing of the external gas power equipment through the control component.

[0021] As a further improvement of the present invention: a slag pusher and a slag pit are further provided at the bottom of the furnace body, and the slag pusher reciprocates in the horizontal direction to push the burned slag into the slag pit.

[0022] As a further improvement of the present invention, it also includes a secondary combustion chamber, wherein an acid removal device is provided in the secondary combustion chamber, and the acid removal device is used to spray acid removal material into the secondary combustion chamber.

[0023] As a further improvement of the present invention: a first channel is provided between the drying chamber and the pyrolysis gasification chamber, a second channel is provided between the pyrolysis gasification chamber and the combustion chamber, and a fourth blowing hole is provided on the furnace body wall opposite to the first channel and the second channel.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are: 1. The garbage combustion device of the present invention can make the garbage naturally stratified between the multiple steps by arranging a fixed combustion grate in a stepped shape in the combustion chamber. When the garbage falls layer by layer from top to bottom on the upper grate, the garbage is broken up and turned over layer by layer, which is more conducive to uniform heating of the garbage. The high-pressure airflow introduced through the first blowing pipe and the first blowing hole blows the garbage to move instead of the mechanical pushing of the traditional reciprocating grate, which not only reduces the wear, jamming, dust accumulation and other faults caused by mechanical movement in the garbage pushing process, but also improves the reliability and operation stability of the device, and reduces the difficulty and cost of subsequent maintenance. Moreover, the air-blowing garbage method can blow off the garbage that falls on the grate in time, avoid the accumulation of garbage in a certain place that affects the air circulation and combustion effect, improve the uniformity and sufficiency of combustion, effectively reduce the generation of incompletely burned substances, reduce the generation of harmful substances such as dioxins, and reduce pollution to the environment. The full combustion of the garbage can also effectively reduce the residual solid waste, and reduce the difficulty and cost of subsequent treatment.

[0025] 2. The vertical multi-stage garbage gasification furnace of the present invention is divided into a drying chamber, a pyrolysis gasification chamber and a combustion chamber. Through the unique structure and stepped arrangement of the fixed combustion grate and the fixed gasification grate, more stepped grate groups can be arranged in the furnace body, so that the garbage is naturally stratified between the multiple steps. The height of the furnace body is correspondingly increased, which enhances the natural gravity of the garbage accumulation in the furnace body and makes the garbage descend more smoothly step by step. When the garbage falls from top to bottom layer by layer on the grate, the garbage is broken up and turned over layer by layer, which is more conducive to uniform heating of the garbage. The high-pressure airflow is introduced through the air pipe and the air hole to blow the garbage to move instead of the mechanical push of the traditional reciprocating grate. It not only reduces the wear, jamming, dust accumulation and other faults caused by mechanical movement in the garbage pushing process, but also improves the reliability and operation stability of the device, and reduces the difficulty and cost of subsequent maintenance.

[0026] 3. The vertical multi-stage garbage gasification furnace of the present invention is provided with a relatively high unloading section and a dropping section. A baffle with a blowing and ventilation function is provided near the unloading section and the dropping section, so that the garbage can be dispersed when it falls from a high position as it moves downward step by step. The amount of garbage falling can be controlled by the distance between the baffle and the unloading section or the dropping section, so that the garbage can be better rolled when falling, which is beneficial to the heating in the next stage. The blowing function of the baffle also reduces the probability of bridging or jamming of the garbage during the falling process.

[0027] 4. The vertical multi-stage garbage gasification furnace of the present invention is provided with a stacking detection mechanism. By controlling the control valve through the control component, the garbage can be controlled more accurately by the system such as step-by-step descent, overall synchronous descent, fixed-point descent, quantitative descent, etc. between the grates under high-pressure airflow, which is more conducive to the process control of stacking, movement, temperature control, etc. of garbage in the furnace body.

[0028] 5. In the vertical multi-stage garbage gasification furnace of the present invention, garbage is burned in the combustion chamber, and high-temperature flue gas is continuously generated. Since the pyrolysis gas and gasification gas generated in the pyrolysis gasification chamber contain a large amount of combustible gas, a part of it will be discharged with the high-temperature flue gas. The high-temperature flue gas containing combustible gas is sent to the secondary combustion chamber through the exhaust pipe for secondary combustion to achieve power generation or used as fuel after purification, etc., which can effectively reduce the residual substances in the flue gas and is more energy-saving and environmentally friendly. The flue gas after the secondary combustion can also be reintroduced into the drying chamber or pyrolysis gasification chamber of the furnace body through the set ventilation pipe, so that the high-temperature flue gas after the secondary high-temperature combustion can be reused to improve the garbage drying and gasification effects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of the garbage combustion device of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the fixed combustion grate of the garbage combustion device of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the drop baffle of the garbage combustion device of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of the vertical multi-stage garbage gasification furnace of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the fixed gasification grate of the vertical multi-stage garbage gasification furnace of the present invention.

[0034] Legend: 1. Combustion chamber; 2. Fixed combustion grate; 3. External gas power equipment; 4. First blowing pipe; 5. First blowing hole; 6. Grate air chamber; 7. First ventilation hole; 8. External ventilation equipment; 9. Control valve; 10. Cooling pipe; 11. Drop baffle; 12. Second blowing pipe; 13. Second ventilation pipe; 14. Second blowing hole; 15. Second ventilation hole; 100. Furnace body; 101. Feed hopper; 102. Drying chamber; 103. Pyrolysis Gasification chamber; 104, fixed gasification grate; 105, third air blowing pipe; 106, third air blowing hole; 107, cooling assembly; 108, unloading baffle; 109, unloading air blowing hole; 110, stacking detection mechanism; 111, slag pushing rod; 112, slag pit; 113, secondary combustion chamber; 114, acid removal device; 115, pushing assembly; 116, gap; 117, first channel; 118, second channel; 119, fourth air blowing hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific preferred embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.

[0036] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "side", "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0037] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or suggesting relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0038] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0039] Embodiment 1 like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this embodiment provides a garbage combustion device, including a combustion chamber 1, wherein at least one fixed combustion grate 2 is arranged in the combustion chamber 1, and the fixed combustion grate 2 is arranged in a stepped manner. At least one first air blowing pipe 4 connected to an external gas power device 3 is provided on the fixed combustion grate 2, and a first air blowing hole 5 connected to the first air blowing pipe 4 is opened on the fixed combustion grate 2. The first air blowing hole 5 is used to spray out a high-pressure airflow from the external gas power device 3 to blow the garbage dropped onto the fixed combustion grate 2, so that the garbage can move and fall step by step from top to bottom on the fixed combustion grate 2.

[0040] The garbage combustion device of this embodiment, by arranging a stepped fixed combustion grate 2 in the combustion chamber 1, can make the garbage naturally stratified between the multiple steps. When the garbage falls from top to bottom layer by layer on the upper grate, the garbage is broken up and turned over layer by layer, which is more conducive to uniform heating of the garbage; the high-pressure airflow is introduced through the first blowing pipe 4 and the first blowing hole 5 to blow the garbage to move instead of the mechanical push of the traditional reciprocating grate, which not only reduces the wear, jamming, dust accumulation and other faults caused by mechanical movement in the garbage pushing process, but also improves the reliability and operation stability of the device, and reduces the difficulty and cost of subsequent maintenance; and the air-blowing garbage method can blow off the garbage that falls on the grate in time, avoid the accumulation of garbage in a certain place to affect the air circulation and combustion effect, improve the uniformity and sufficiency of combustion, effectively reduce the generation of incompletely burned substances, reduce the generation of harmful substances such as dioxins, reduce pollution to the environment, and the full combustion of garbage can effectively reduce the residual solid waste, reducing the difficulty and cost of subsequent treatment. In this embodiment, a grate exhaust air chamber 6 is provided under the plurality of fixed combustion grates 2, and a first ventilation hole 7 is provided on the fixed combustion grate 2 connected to the grate exhaust air chamber 6. The grate exhaust air chamber 6 is connected to an external ventilation device 8, so that air enters the grate exhaust air chamber 6 through the external ventilation device 8 and is ejected from the first ventilation hole 7. Hot air at a certain temperature is introduced into the grate exhaust air chamber 6 and ejected from the first ventilation hole 7 to continuously dry the garbage at the upper end.

[0041] In this embodiment, there are multiple first air blowing pipes 4 (not shown in the figure), which are respectively connected to multiple first air blowing holes 5, and a control valve 9 that can control the opening and closing of the first air blowing pipe 4 is provided on the first air blowing pipe 4. By providing a control valve 9 on each first air blowing pipe 4, it is possible to connect one external pneumatic device 3 with multiple first air blowing pipes 4, and to achieve independent jet control.

[0042] In this embodiment, a control component is also included, and the control component is used to control the external pneumatic device 3 and the control valve 9.

[0043] In this embodiment, a cooling pipe 10 is provided in the fixed combustion grate 2, and a cooling medium (such as water, cold air, etc.) can be passed into the cooling pipe 10. Further, in a preferred embodiment, the cooling pipe 10 is a water-cooled pipe.

[0044] In this embodiment, a drop section is formed between two adjacent fixed combustion grates 2, and a drop baffle 11 is provided near the drop section; a second air blowing pipe 12 and a second ventilation pipe 13 are provided in the drop baffle 11, and a second air blowing hole 14 connected to the second air blowing pipe 12 and a second ventilation hole 15 connected to the second ventilation pipe 13 are provided on the outer wall of the drop baffle 11. By providing a drop baffle 11 with air blowing and ventilation functions near the drop section, the garbage can be dispersed when it falls from a high position while moving downward step by step, and the amount of garbage falling can be controlled by the distance between the drop baffle 11 and the drop section, so that the garbage can be better rolled when falling, which is beneficial to the heating in the next stage, and the probability of bridging or jamming of the garbage during the falling process is also reduced by the air blowing function of the drop baffle 11.

[0045] Working principle: When the garbage enters the combustion chamber 1, it falls to the stepped fixed combustion grate 2 under the action of gravity. The multi-layer steps can allow the garbage to be naturally stratified. High-temperature hot air is introduced into the grate air chamber 6 and ejected from the first ventilation hole 7 to continuously dry the garbage at the upper end. High-pressure airflow (such as compressed air / compressed flue gas / high-temperature steam, etc.) is introduced from the first blowing pipe 4 through the external pneumatic device 3 and ejected from the first blowing hole 5, so that the garbage is blown by the high-pressure airflow in an instant and falls to the next level. When the garbage is blown step by step by the high-pressure airflow, the garbage is rolled, scattered, and evenly heated between the steps. When the garbage falls step by step to the falling section, the garbage accumulates at the falling baffle 11 of the falling section. The falling amount of the garbage is controlled by the distance between the falling baffle 11 and the falling section. At the same time, the higher position difference of the falling section can make the garbage better scattered when it falls. As the garbage descends step by step on the fixed combustion grate 2, the garbage is gradually dried and the garbage combustion work is finally completed.

[0046] Embodiment 2 like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, this embodiment discloses a vertical multi-stage garbage gasification furnace, including a furnace body 100, and the furnace body 100 includes at least a feed hopper 101, a drying chamber 102, a pyrolysis gasification chamber 103 and a garbage combustion device as in the first embodiment from top to bottom.

[0047] In this embodiment, a pushing assembly 115 is provided near the feed hopper 101 , and garbage enters the furnace body 100 through the feed hopper 101 . The pushing assembly 115 can reciprocate in the horizontal direction under the action of the driving mechanism to avoid garbage clogging at the feed hopper 101 .

[0048] In the present embodiment, at least one fixed gasification grate 104 is provided in the drying chamber 102 and the pyrolysis gasification chamber 103. The fixed gasification grate 104 is arranged in a stepped manner. A third air blowing pipe 105 connected to the external gas power device 3 is provided on the fixed gasification grate 104. A third air blowing hole 106 connected to the third air blowing pipe 105 is opened on the fixed gasification grate 104. The third air blowing hole 106 is used to spray high-pressure airflow from the external gas power device 3 to blow the garbage dropped on the fixed gasification grate 104, so that the garbage can move and fall step by step from top to bottom on the fixed gasification grate 104.

[0049] The vertical multi-stage garbage gasification furnace in this embodiment is divided into a drying chamber 102, a pyrolysis gasification chamber 103 and a combustion chamber 1. Through the unique structure and stepped arrangement of the fixed combustion grate 2 and the fixed gasification grate 104, more stepped grate groups can be arranged in the furnace body 100, so that the garbage is naturally stratified between the multiple steps. The height of the furnace body 100 is correspondingly increased, which enhances the natural gravity of the garbage accumulation in the furnace body 100, so that the garbage can descend more smoothly step by step. When the garbage falls from top to bottom layer by layer on the grate, the garbage is broken up and turned over layer by layer, which is more conducive to uniform heating of the garbage. The high-pressure airflow introduced through the blowing pipe and the blowing hole blows the garbage to move instead of the mechanical push of the traditional reciprocating grate. It not only reduces the wear, jamming, dust accumulation and other faults caused by mechanical movement in the garbage pushing process, but also improves the reliability and operation stability of the device, and reduces the difficulty and cost of subsequent maintenance.

[0050] In this embodiment, a gap 116 is provided between adjacent fixed gasification grates 104 , and the hot air generated from the combustion chamber 1 below can pass through the gap 116 between the fixed gasification grates 104 , so that the garbage can be dried and gasified between the drying chamber 102 and the pyrolysis gasification chamber 103 .

[0051] In this embodiment, a cooling assembly 107 is provided on the fixed gasification grate 104. A cooling medium (such as water, cold air, etc.) can be introduced into the cooling assembly 107. Further, in a preferred embodiment, the cooling assembly 107 uses a water cooling pipe.

[0052] In this embodiment, a plurality of fixed gasification grates 104 form a group, a material discharge section is provided between two adjacent groups of fixed gasification grates 104, a material discharge baffle 108 is provided near the material discharge section, and a material discharge air blowing hole 109 is provided on the material discharge baffle 108. By providing a material discharge baffle 108 with air blowing and ventilation function near the material discharge section, the garbage can be dispersed when falling from a high position while moving downward step by step, and the falling amount of the garbage can be controlled by the distance between the material discharge baffle 108 and the material discharge section, so that the garbage can be better rolled when falling, which is beneficial to the heating in the next stage, and the probability of bridging or jamming of the garbage during the falling process is also reduced by the air blowing function of the material discharge baffle 108.

[0053] In this embodiment, a first channel 117 is provided between the drying chamber 102 and the pyrolysis gasification chamber 103, a second channel 118 is provided between the pyrolysis gasification chamber 103 and the combustion chamber 1, and a fourth blowing hole 119 is provided on the furnace body wall opposite to the first channel 117 and the second channel 118. By providing the fourth blowing hole 119 at the first channel 117 and the second channel 118, high-pressure gas is sprayed into the furnace body 100 through an external fan, which can effectively prevent garbage from bridging or getting stuck at the first channel 117 and the second channel 118.

[0054] In this embodiment, a pile detection mechanism 110 is further provided in the furnace body 100. The pile detection mechanism 110 is used to monitor the garbage situation on the fixed gasification grate 104 and the fixed combustion grate 2 and feed back the results to the control component, and control the opening and closing of the external gas power device 3 through the control component. Further, in a preferred embodiment, the pile detection mechanism 110 is a camera component, which takes pictures of the garbage pile situation on the fixed gasification grate 104 and the fixed combustion grate 2 through the camera component and feeds back the results to the control component. The control component compares the received pictures with the pre-stored pictures, and controls the opening and closing of the external gas power device 3 according to the comparison results, so as to realize the mobile control of fixed-point quantitative blowing, overall step-by-step blowing, sequential blowing, etc. of the garbage.

[0055] In this embodiment, a slag pusher 111 and a slag pit 112 are further provided at the bottom of the furnace body 100. The slag pusher 111 reciprocates in the horizontal direction to push the burned slag into the slag pit 112. When the garbage is completely burned, the slag pusher 111 can reciprocate in the horizontal direction to push the slag into the slag pit 112, thereby realizing automatic cleaning of the slag and greatly reducing labor intensity.

[0056] In this embodiment, a secondary combustion chamber 113 is also included, and an acid removal device 114 is also provided in the secondary combustion chamber 113. The acid removal device 114 is used to spray acid removal materials into the secondary combustion chamber 113. The garbage is burned in the furnace body 100, and high-temperature flue gas is continuously generated. Since the pyrolysis gas and gasification gas generated by the pyrolysis gasification chamber 103 contain a large amount of combustible gas, a part of it will be discharged with the high-temperature flue gas. These high-temperature flue gases containing combustible gases are sent to the secondary combustion chamber 113 through the exhaust pipe for secondary combustion to achieve power generation or to be used as fuel after purification, etc., which can effectively reduce the residual substances in the flue gas and be more energy-saving and environmentally friendly. The flue gas after the secondary combustion can also be reintroduced into the drying chamber 102 or the pyrolysis gasification chamber 103 of the furnace body 100 through the set air supply pipe, so that the high-temperature flue gas after the secondary high-temperature combustion can be reused to improve the garbage drying, pyrolysis and gasification effects.

[0057] Working principle: garbage enters from the feed hopper 101, and falls onto the stepped fixed gasification grate 104 under the reciprocating motion of the pushing assembly 115, and is caused to descend step by step between the fixed gasification grates 104 under the action of the high-pressure airflow blown out from the third blowing hole 106. In the process of descending step by step, the garbage is tumbled, broken up, and evenly heated under the action of the unloading section and the unloading blowing hole 109. At the same time, since there is a gap 116 between the fixed gasification grates 104, the hot air generated from the combustion chamber 1 below can naturally pass through the gap 116 between the fixed gasification grates 104, so that the garbage is dried and gasified between the drying chamber 102 and the pyrolysis gasification chamber 103.

[0058] The remaining garbage materials that have completed the gasification operation will fall onto the stepped fixed combustion grate 2 in the combustion chamber 1, and will move downward step by step through the high-pressure airflow ejected from the first blowing hole 5 on the fixed combustion grate 2, and will be replenished with air to the grate air chamber 6 through the external ventilation equipment 8, so as to realize the efficient combustion of the remaining garbage materials in the combustion chamber 1. The high-temperature flue gas and hot air generated by the combustion will enter the pyrolysis gasification chamber 103 and the drying chamber 102 from bottom to top along the structure of the furnace body 100 through the gap 116 between the fixed gasification grates 104.

[0059] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions under the concept of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, some improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A garbage combustion device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a combustion chamber (1), wherein at least one fixed combustion grate (2) is arranged in the combustion chamber (1), the fixed combustion grate (2) is arranged in a stepped manner, at least one first air blowing pipe (4) connected to an external air power device (3) is provided on the fixed combustion grate (2), and a first air blowing hole (5) connected to the first air blowing pipe (4) is opened on the fixed combustion grate (2), and the first air blowing hole (5) is used to eject a high-pressure airflow from the external air power device (3) to blow away garbage that has fallen onto the fixed combustion grate (2), so that the garbage can be moved and dropped step by step from top to bottom on the fixed combustion grate (2).

2. The garbage combustion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A grate exhaust air chamber (6) is provided under the plurality of fixed combustion grates (2); a first ventilation hole (7) is provided on the fixed combustion grate (2) connected to the grate exhaust air chamber (6); and the grate exhaust air chamber (6) is connected to an external ventilation device (8) so that air enters the grate exhaust air chamber (6) through the external ventilation device (8) and is ejected from the first ventilation hole (7).

3. The garbage combustion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are a plurality of first air blowing pipes (4), which are respectively connected to a plurality of first air blowing holes (5). The first air blowing pipe (4) is provided with a control valve (9) capable of controlling the opening and closing of the first air blowing pipe (4).

4. The garbage combustion device according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also comprises a control component, which is used to control the external pneumatic device (3) and the control valve (9).

5. The garbage combustion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cooling pipe (10) is provided inside the fixed combustion grate (2).

6. The garbage combustion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A drop section is formed between two adjacent fixed combustion grates (2), and a drop baffle (11) is provided near the drop section.

7. The garbage combustion device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A second air blowing pipe (12) and a second ventilation pipe (13) are provided in the drop baffle (11), and a second air blowing hole (14) in communication with the second air blowing pipe (12) and a second ventilation hole (15) in communication with the second ventilation pipe (13) are provided on the outer wall of the drop baffle (11).

8. A vertical multi-stage garbage gasification furnace, characterized in that: The invention comprises a furnace body (100), wherein the furnace body (100) comprises, from top to bottom, at least a feed hopper (101), a drying chamber (102), a pyrolysis gasification chamber (103), and the garbage combustion device according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. The vertical multi-stage garbage gasification furnace according to claim 8, characterized in that: A material pushing assembly (115) is provided near the feed hopper (101).

10. The vertical multi-stage garbage gasification furnace according to claim 8, characterized in that: At least one fixed gasification grate (104) is arranged in the drying chamber (102) and the pyrolysis gasification chamber (103); the fixed gasification grate (104) is arranged in a stepped manner; a third air blowing pipe (105) connected to an external gas power device (3) is provided on the fixed gasification grate (104); a third air blowing hole (106) connected to the third air blowing pipe (105) is opened on the fixed gasification grate (104); the third air blowing hole (106) is used to spray high-pressure airflow from the external gas power device (3) to blow away garbage that has fallen onto the fixed gasification grate (104), so that the garbage can move and fall step by step from top to bottom on the fixed gasification grate (104).

11. The vertical multi-stage garbage gasification furnace according to claim 10, characterized in that: Gaps (116) are provided between adjacent fixed gasification grates (104).

12. The vertical multi-stage garbage gasification furnace according to claim 10, characterized in that: A cooling component (107) is provided on the fixed gasification grate (104).

13. The vertical multi-stage garbage gasification furnace according to claim 10, characterized in that: A plurality of the fixed gasification grates (104) form a group, a material discharge section is provided between two adjacent groups of fixed gasification grates (104), and a material discharge baffle (108) is provided near the material discharge section.

14. The vertical multi-stage garbage gasification furnace according to claim 13, characterized in that: The material discharge baffle (108) is provided with a material discharge air blowing hole (109).

15. The vertical multi-stage garbage gasification furnace according to claim 10, characterized in that: A material pile detection mechanism (110) is also provided in the furnace body (100), and the material pile detection mechanism (110) is used to monitor the garbage situation on the fixed gasification grate (104) and the fixed combustion grate (2) and feed the result back to the control component, and control the opening and closing of the external gas power equipment (3) through the control component.

16. The vertical multi-stage garbage gasification furnace according to any one of claims 8 to 15, characterized in that: A slag pusher (111) and a slag pit (112) are also provided at the bottom of the furnace body (100); the slag pusher (111) reciprocates in a horizontal direction to push the burned slag into the slag pit (112).

17. The vertical multi-stage garbage gasification furnace according to any one of claims 8 to 15, characterized in that: It also comprises a secondary combustion chamber (113), wherein an acid removal device (114) is provided in the secondary combustion chamber (113), and the acid removal device (114) is used to inject an acid removal substance into the secondary combustion chamber (113).

18. The vertical multi-stage garbage gasification furnace according to claim 10, characterized in that A first channel (117) is provided between the drying chamber (102) and the pyrolysis gasification chamber (103), a second channel (118) is provided between the pyrolysis gasification chamber (103) and the combustion chamber (1), and a fourth blowing hole (119) is provided on the furnace body wall opposite to the first channel (117) and the second channel (118).

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