Real-time automatic detection method for baseband and radio frequency faults

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of chip fault detection, and discloses a real-time automatic detection method for baseband and radio frequency faults, which is based on a BLE (Bluetooth Low Energy) transceiving system and comprises a digital baseband and a radio frequency front end, the method comprises the following steps: opening a receiving path when a sending process is executed, enabling a signal to enter the receiving path through coupling, analyzing the signal by using a radio frequency front end and a digital baseband, and carrying out fault judgment according to an analysis result; adding a fault injection function, normal operation fault detection when the BLE transceiving system is idle and fault detection with fault injection at a sending source, and performing fault judgment according to an operation result; and opening a receiving path during normal transmission, recording signal processing data in the transmission process, performing symbol synchronization and signal processing data comparison in the receiving path, and performing fault judgment according to a synchronization result and a comparison result. According to the invention, whether the radio frequency and digital baseband circuit is normal in function is detected through built-in self-test, the area increase of a chip is reduced, and the time required for detection is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of chip fault detection, and in particular to a real-time automatic detection method for baseband and radio frequency faults. Background Art

[0002] In the functional safety requirements of automobiles, chips need to meet a specific level of diagnostic coverage and need to have the ability to diagnose faults. Chip fault diagnosis is already a commonly used functional safety method in automotive chips. It mainly detects the current working status of the chip in real time, determines whether the working conditions meet the requirements, whether the calculation results meet expectations, and reports the results for subsequent processing. In the prior art, an RF transceiver with testing capabilities is proposed for self-testing of RF devices, and its controller is configured to detect defects in the signal path connected to the RF output port based on the determined phase or power or both. The directional coupler is coupled to the RF output port and is configured to guide the reflected signal incoming at the RF output port as an input signal to the monitoring circuit. Using the monitoring circuit, the input signal is received and is configured to determine the phase of the input signal or the power of the input signal or both.

[0003] However, its RF transceiver needs to use a specific detection circuit to complete the fault detection. The fault detection coverage is not high enough, and the fault diagnosis coverage of the digital baseband part is insufficient. The real-time performance of the fault detection is poor, the reliability of the fault detection itself is poor, and the detection method has a great impact on the chip area. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a real-time automatic detection method for baseband and radio frequency faults, which detects whether radio frequency and digital baseband circuits function normally through built-in self-test, reduces the increase in chip area, and reduces the time required for detection.

[0005] The present invention provides a real-time automatic detection method for baseband and radio frequency faults, based on a BLE transceiver system, wherein the BLE transceiver system includes a digital baseband and a radio frequency front end; During the transmission process, the digital baseband encodes, modulates, and filters the information to be sent, obtains the digital signal to be sent, and sends it to the RF front end, and finally sends it through the antenna; during the reception process, the RF signal received from the antenna is converted into a digital signal by the RF front end, and then sent to the digital baseband for filtering, synchronization, demodulation, etc., and finally obtains the received information; The method specifically comprises: Combine reception and transmission, open the reception path when executing the transmission process, make the signal enter the reception path through coupling, use the RF front end and digital baseband to analyze the signal, and make fault judgment based on the analysis results; A fault injection function is added to the source of transmission. The BLE transceiver system runs a normal fault detection and a fault detection with fault injection when it is idle, and makes a fault judgment according to the operation results; wherein, the normal fault detection is to detect whether the demodulated information is consistent with the original information sent, and the fault detection with fault injection is to replace the information bit of the sent information and then compare the demodulated information with the original information sent; Set the transmission to normal transmission mode and open the receiving path at the same time. Record the signal processing data during the transmission process. Perform symbol synchronization and signal processing data comparison in the receiving path, and make fault judgment based on the synchronization results and comparison results.

[0006] Furthermore, the step of combining reception and transmission, opening the reception path when executing the transmission process, allowing the signal to enter the reception path through coupling, using the RF front end and the digital baseband to analyze the signal, and performing fault judgment based on the analysis result includes: Combine reception and transmission. When executing the transmission process, open the reception path, make the signal enter the reception path through coupling, use the RF front end and digital baseband to analyze the signal, start fault detection while analyzing, and compare the analyzed information with the sent information. If the parsed signal is the same as the transmitted signal, it indicates that the sending and receiving functions of the baseband digital circuit and the RF front end are working normally, the circuit function is normal, and the system has no faults; if the parsed signal is wrong, it indicates that there is a fault in the sending and receiving functions and the circuit function is abnormal.

[0007] Furthermore, the parsing process is as follows: the RF front end converts the RF signal into an IQ signal and then inputs it into the digital baseband. The digital baseband has symbol synchronization and demodulation functions, wherein the symbol synchronization function detects the starting bit value of the frame in the IQ signal. After obtaining the starting position, the signal starting from the starting position is parsed through the demodulation function to obtain the final received information, and the result of the parsing is a digital information bit.

[0008] Furthermore, in the step of combining reception and transmission, opening the reception path when executing the transmission process, allowing the signal to enter the reception path through coupling, using the RF front end and the digital baseband to analyze the signal, and performing fault judgment based on the analysis result, Set the fault detection to start every n transmissions, and can set it to start only during the transmission process of the set mode; for different channels, perform channel convenience or perform fault detection on specific channels.

[0009] Furthermore, the step of adding a fault injection function at the source of transmission, running a normal fault detection and a fault detection with fault injection when the BLE transceiver system is idle, and performing a fault judgment according to the operation results includes: A fault injection function is added to the source of transmission, and the BLE transceiver system runs a normal fault detection when it is idle, that is, when the demodulated information is consistent with the original information sent, the BLE transceiver system is normal; Run a fault detection with fault injection, send information to replace information bits, compare the demodulated information with the original information sent, and report the BLE transceiver system fault when the comparison fails; If the reported fault detection result does not meet the above description, it is considered that the fault detection function has failed and the reported fault detection result is unreliable.

[0010] Furthermore, the detection results of normal fault detection and fault detection with fault injection include: System abnormality: The comparison between the demodulated information and the original information sent fails; The system is abnormal, and there is a problem with the fault reporting itself: the demodulated information is successfully compared with the original information sent. After replacing the bits in the original information, the demodulated information sent can also be successfully compared with the original information without replacement; System is normal: The demodulated information is compared successfully with the original information sent. After the bits in the original information are replaced, the demodulated information sent is compared with the original information without replacement.

[0011] Furthermore, the step of setting the transmission to a normal transmission mode, opening the receiving path at the same time, recording the signal processing data during the transmission process, performing symbol synchronization and signal processing data comparison in the receiving path, and performing fault judgment according to the synchronization result and the comparison result includes: The system is in normal transmission mode, and the receiving channel is opened at the same time. In the BLE system, the data is filtered and modulated by GFSK in the transmitting module, and then enters the RF front end. At the same time, the access address, PDU and CRC check data are recorded. The preamble is used for packet detection, AGC adjustment, DC estimation, and RSSI calculation. The signal is coupled to the LNA after the RF front-end PA and enters the receiving path. The data passes through the RF front-end to the digital baseband. AGC adjustment is performed during the preamble period, and the access address recorded during the transmission process is used for symbol synchronization. After successful synchronization, there is a synchronization indication signal. Successful synchronization means that there is no fault in the detection of the access address stage. It is used to detect faults in the RF front end, AGC, filter, and symbol synchronization module.

[0012] After successful synchronization, the signal will be demodulated, and the demodulated data will be compared with the PDU and CRC recorded by tx. If they are the same, it means there is no fault. It is used to detect faults in the RF front end, AGC, filter, demodulation module, etc. If the sending process ends but synchronization is not successful, or the comparison between the demodulated data and the original sent data fails, it indicates a fault.

[0013] Furthermore, the original information sent is cached and then compared with the demodulated information. The original information sent is cached using FIFO and compared using an XOR gate. If the comparison result is 1, it indicates that a fault is detected. If the comparison result is 0, it indicates that there is no fault.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. Most existing technologies require additional detection circuits to complete fault detection, which will increase the chip area. The present invention adds an original transmission information buffer circuit and a demodulation and transmission information comparison circuit on the basis of the normal transceiver function. The added circuit is very small and has little impact on the chip area.

[0015] 2. Existing fault detection methods usually only detect analog radio frequency circuits, and the fault detection coverage of digital baseband circuits is insufficient. The present invention combines digital baseband circuits and analog radio frequency circuits for fault detection, and the fault diagnosis coverage is higher.

[0016] 3. Existing fault detection methods need to be performed in a separate fault detection process, which takes up independent detection time. The present invention puts fault detection into normal service signal transmission, performs fault detection in real time without affecting normal transmission, and has lower time cost. Compared with the method of performing fault detection separately, it reduces the system working time, thereby reducing the total power consumption of the system.

[0017] 4. The addition of fault injection function enhances the reliability of fault detection itself. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the BLE transceiver system in the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the fault detection path in the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of information bit replacement for sending information in the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the original sending information cache in the present invention.

[0022] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0024] Automotive chips are required to have a certain fault diagnosis coverage in terms of functional safety. For example, the ISO 26262 automotive safety standard has clear provisions on this, requiring the chip to be able to detect its own faults online and take certain safety measures when a fault is detected; for wireless communication chips, the present invention proposes a method for online real-time detection of communication unit faults, including detection of the digital baseband part, analog and radio frequency parts, and minimizing the increase in chip area as much as possible, thereby reducing the time required for detection.

[0025] The present invention provides a real-time automatic detection method for baseband and radio frequency faults, based on a BLE transceiver system, such as Figure 1 As shown, the BLE transceiver system includes a digital baseband and a radio frequency front end, and is functionally divided into signal transmission and signal reception.

[0026] During the sending process, the digital baseband part encodes, modulates, filters, and other processes the information to be sent, obtains the digital signal to be sent, and sends it to the RF front end, and finally sends it through the antenna; during the receiving process, the RF signal received from the antenna is converted into a digital signal through the RF front end, and then sent to the digital baseband for filtering, synchronization, demodulation, etc., and finally the received information is obtained.

[0027] The real-time automatic detection method of baseband and RF faults specifically includes: 1) Combine reception and transmission, open the receiving path when executing the transmission process, allow the signal to enter the receiving path through coupling, use the RF front end and digital baseband to analyze the signal, and make fault judgment based on the analysis results.

[0028] Generally, BLE communication transmission and reception are performed at different times. During the signal transmission process, the receiving function is turned off, and during the signal reception process, the transmission function is turned off. For a single transmission or a single reception function, it is impossible to complete the fault self-test of the digital circuit and the RF front end.

[0029] This embodiment combines reception and transmission. When executing the transmission process, the reception path is opened, the signal enters the reception path through coupling, the RF front end and the digital baseband are used to analyze the signal, and fault detection is enabled while analyzing. The analyzed information is compared with the sent information. Figure 2 shown.

[0030] If the parsed signal is the same as the transmitted signal, it indicates that the baseband digital circuit and the transmitting and receiving functions of the RF front end are working normally, the circuit functions normally, and the system has no faults; if the parsed signal is wrong, it indicates that there is a fault in the transmitting and receiving functions, the circuit functions abnormally, and the fault indication information is provided to the upper layer for further processing. For example, if the Bluetooth in the car cannot establish a connection with the mobile phone or Bluetooth key, the fault report confirms that there is a signal transmission and reception fault. The Bluetooth system can be reset to restore normal operation, or the driver and passengers can be notified through alarm prompts and other means.

[0031] The parsing process is as follows: the RF front end converts the RF signal into an IQ signal and then inputs it into the digital baseband. The digital baseband has symbol synchronization and demodulation functions. The symbol synchronization function detects the starting bit value of the frame in the IQ signal. After obtaining the starting position, the signal starting from the starting position is parsed through the demodulation function to obtain the final received information. The result of the parsing is a digital information bit.

[0032] Fault detection can be completed during the normal transmission process. There is no need to add a separate time window for fault detection. The receiving path only needs to be opened during transmission to parse the transmitted signal, and fault judgment is performed based on the parsed signal. This does not increase the system's operating time and reduces total time and power consumption.

[0033] The fault detection mechanism supports selective operation mode. It is not necessary to perform detection during each transmission. It can be set to start every n transmissions. And it can be turned on only during the transmission process of certain modes, such as broadcast mode. For different channels, channel convenience or fault detection on specific channels can also be performed.

[0034] 2) A fault injection function is added to the source of transmission. The BLE transceiver system runs a normal fault detection and a fault detection with fault injection when it is idle, and makes a fault judgment based on the running results; wherein, the normal fault detection is to detect whether the demodulated information is consistent with the original information sent, and the fault detection with fault injection is to replace the information bit of the sent information and then compare the demodulated information with the original information sent.

[0035] The simple detection and transmission method in part 1) cannot completely determine whether the system has a fault. There is a possibility that the fault detection method fails and the fault is not detected. Therefore, a fault injection function is added to the source of the transmission. When the BLE transceiver system is idle, a normal fault detection is run. The demodulated information should be consistent with the original information sent. After completion, the system should report that it is normal; then run a fault detection with fault injection again, and send information according to Figure 3As shown, the information bits are replaced and the demodulated information is compared with the original transmitted information. In this case, the comparison should fail. After the operation is completed, the system fault should be reported. If the reported fault detection result does not meet the above description, it is considered that the fault detection function has failed and the reported fault detection result is unreliable. The upper-level control should take corresponding measures.

[0036] Both normal fault detection and fault detection with fault injection detect whether the demodulated information is consistent with the original information sent. The detection results, that is, fault detection, are divided into several cases to verify that the demodulated and sent information can correspond: a. When the system is abnormal: the comparison between the demodulated information and the original information sent fails.

[0037] b. When the system is abnormal, there is a problem with the fault reporting itself: the demodulated information is successfully compared with the original information sent, and the demodulated information sent after replacing the bits in the original information can also be successfully compared with the original information without replacement. This situation is obviously not in line with expectations, so it is considered that the fault detection function itself is invalid and should be reported. The fault injection function is also designed to identify this situation.

[0038] c. When the system is normal: the demodulated information is successfully compared with the original information sent. After the bits in the original information are replaced, the demodulated information sent after the replacement fails to compare with the original information without replacement.

[0039] 3) Set the transmission to normal transmission mode and open the receiving path at the same time. Record the signal processing data during the transmission process, perform symbol synchronization and signal processing data comparison in the receiving path, and make fault judgment based on the synchronization results and comparison results.

[0040] The system is in normal transmission mode and the receiving channel is open at the same time. In the BLE system, the data is filtered and modulated by GFSK in the transmitting module and then enters the RF front end. At the same time, the access address, PDU and CRC check data are recorded. The preamble is used for packet detection, AGC adjustment, DC estimation, RSSI calculation, etc., and there is no need to record the data value.

[0041] The signal is coupled to the LNA after the RF front-end PA and enters the receiving path. The data passes through the RF front-end to the digital baseband. AGC adjustment is performed during the preamble period, and the access address recorded during the transmission process is used for symbol synchronization. After successful synchronization, there will be a synchronization indication signal. Successful synchronization means that there is no fault in the detection of the access address stage. It mainly detects faults in the RF front end, AGC, filter, and symbol synchronization module.

[0042] After successful synchronization, the signal will be demodulated, and the demodulated data will be compared with the PDU and CRC recorded by tx. If they are the same, it means there is no fault. It mainly detects faults in the RF front end, AGC, filter, demodulation module, etc.

[0043] If the sending process ends but synchronization is not successful, or the comparison between the demodulated data and the original sent data fails, it indicates a fault.

[0044] In one embodiment, due to the delay between the transmission and reception paths, the original transmission information needs to be buffered before being compared with the demodulated information. This embodiment uses FIFO to buffer the original transmission information. Figure 4 Using an XOR gate for comparison, if the comparison result is 1, it means a fault is detected, and if the comparison result is 0, it means no fault.

[0045] The present invention adds an original transmission information buffer circuit and a demodulation and transmission information comparison circuit on the basis of the normal transceiver function. The added circuit is very small and has little impact on the chip area. The digital baseband circuit and the analog radio frequency circuit are combined to perform fault detection, and the fault diagnosis coverage rate is higher. Fault detection is performed during normal service signal transmission, and fault detection is performed in real time without affecting normal transmission, which has lower time cost. Compared with the method of performing fault detection alone, the system working time is reduced, so that the total power consumption of the system is smaller. The addition of the fault injection function enhances the reliability of the fault detection itself.

[0046] It should be noted that, in this article, the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, device, article or method including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, device, article or method. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "includes a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, device, article or method including the element.

[0047] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A real-time automatic detection method for baseband and radio frequency faults, characterized in that: Based on a BLE transceiver system, the BLE transceiver system includes a digital baseband and a radio frequency front end; During the transmission process, the digital baseband encodes, modulates, and filters the information to be sent, obtains the digital signal to be sent, and sends it to the RF front end, and finally sends it through the antenna; during the reception process, the RF signal received from the antenna is converted into a digital signal by the RF front end, and then sent to the digital baseband for filtering, synchronization, and demodulation, and finally the received information is obtained; The method specifically comprises: Combine reception and transmission, open the reception path when executing the transmission process, make the signal enter the reception path through coupling, use the RF front end and digital baseband to analyze the signal, and make fault judgment based on the analysis results; A fault injection function is added to the source of transmission. The BLE transceiver system runs a normal fault detection and a fault detection with fault injection when it is idle, and makes a fault judgment according to the operation results; wherein, the normal fault detection is to detect whether the demodulated information is consistent with the original information sent, and the fault detection with fault injection is to replace the information bit of the sent information and then compare the demodulated information with the original information sent; Set the transmission to normal transmission mode, open the receiving path at the same time, record the signal processing data during the transmission process, perform symbol synchronization and signal processing data comparison in the receiving path, and make fault judgment based on the synchronization result and comparison result; specifically include: The system is in normal transmission mode, and the receiving channel is opened at the same time. In the BLE system, the data is filtered and modulated by GFSK in the transmitting module, and then enters the RF front end. At the same time, the access address, PDU and CRC check data are recorded. The preamble is used for packet detection, AGC adjustment, DC estimation, and RSSI calculation. The signal is coupled to the LNA after the RF front-end PA and enters the receiving path. The data passes through the RF front-end to the digital baseband. AGC adjustment is performed during the preamble period, and the access address recorded during the transmission process is used for symbol synchronization. After successful synchronization, there is a synchronization indication signal. Successful synchronization means that there is no fault in the detection of the access address stage. It is used to detect faults in the RF front end, AGC, filter, and symbol synchronization module. After successful synchronization, the signal will be demodulated, and the demodulated data will be compared with the PDU and CRC recorded by tx. If they are the same, it means there is no fault. It is used to detect faults in the RF front end, AGC, filter, and demodulation module. If the sending process ends but synchronization is not successful, or the comparison between the demodulated data and the original sent data fails, it indicates a fault.

2. The real-time automatic detection method of baseband and radio frequency faults according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The steps of combining reception and transmission, opening the reception path when executing the transmission process, allowing the signal to enter the reception path through coupling, using the radio frequency front end and the digital baseband to analyze the signal, and performing fault judgment according to the analysis result include: Combine reception and transmission. When executing the transmission process, open the reception path, make the signal enter the reception path through coupling, use the RF front end and digital baseband to analyze the signal, start fault detection while analyzing, and compare the analyzed information with the sent information. If the parsed signal is the same as the transmitted signal, it indicates that the sending and receiving functions of the baseband digital circuit and the RF front end are working normally, the circuit function is normal, and the system has no faults; if the parsed signal is wrong, it indicates that there is a fault in the sending and receiving functions and the circuit function is abnormal.

3. The real-time automatic detection method of baseband and radio frequency faults according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The parsing process is as follows: the RF front end converts the RF signal into an IQ signal and inputs it into the digital baseband. The digital baseband has symbol synchronization and demodulation functions. The symbol synchronization function detects the starting bit value of the frame in the IQ signal. After obtaining the starting position, the signal starting from the starting position is parsed through the demodulation function to obtain the final received information. The result of the parsing is a digital information bit.

4. The real-time automatic detection method of baseband and radio frequency faults according to claim 2 is characterized in that: In the step of combining reception and transmission, opening the reception path when executing the transmission process, allowing the signal to enter the reception path through coupling, using the RF front end and the digital baseband to analyze the signal, and performing fault judgment based on the analysis result, Set the fault detection to start every n transmissions, and can set it to start only during the transmission process of the set mode; for different channels, perform channel convenience or perform fault detection on specific channels.

5. The real-time automatic detection method of baseband and radio frequency faults according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step of adding a fault injection function at the source of transmission, running a normal fault detection and a fault detection with fault injection when the BLE transceiver system is idle, and making a fault judgment based on the running results includes: A fault injection function is added to the source of transmission, and the BLE transceiver system runs a normal fault detection when it is idle, that is, when the demodulated information is consistent with the original information sent, the BLE transceiver system is normal; Run a fault detection with fault injection, send information to replace information bits, compare the demodulated information with the original information sent, and report the BLE transceiver system fault when the comparison fails; If the reported fault detection result does not meet the above description, it is considered that the fault detection function has failed and the reported fault detection result is unreliable.

6. The real-time automatic detection method of baseband and radio frequency faults according to claim 5, characterized in that: The detection results of normal fault detection and fault detection with fault injection include: System abnormality: The comparison between the demodulated information and the original information sent fails; The system is abnormal, and there is a problem with the fault reporting itself: the demodulated information is successfully compared with the original information sent. After replacing the bits in the original information, the demodulated information sent can also be successfully compared with the original information without replacement; System is normal: The demodulated information is compared successfully with the original information sent. After the bits in the original information are replaced, the demodulated information sent is compared with the original information without replacement.

7. The real-time automatic detection method of baseband and radio frequency faults according to claim 1, characterized in that: The original information sent is cached and then compared with the demodulated information. The original information sent is cached using FIFO and compared using an XOR gate. If the comparison result is 1, it means a fault is detected. If the comparison result is 0, it means no fault.

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