A mud-sand separation device for water conservancy engineering and use method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a mud-sand separation device for water conservancy projects and a method for using the same, and belongs to the technical field of mud-sand separation. A mud-sand separation device for water conservancy projects includes a base, and also includes: a sand-stone separation cylinder, which is tiltedly arranged on the upper side of the base through a bracket, and the bottom and top of the sand-stone separation cylinder are respectively provided with a feed port and a discharge port; a separation seat, which is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the sand-stone separation cylinder, and a silt separation cylinder for mud-water separation is arranged in the separation seat, and a plugging component for blocking the opening of the silt separation cylinder is arranged on the separation seat; a belt conveyor, which is fixedly arranged on the base, and the front end of the belt conveyor is placed on the lower side of the silt separation cylinder; and a heating shell, which is coated on the upper side of the belt conveyor; the present invention can effectively separate, process and utilize water, silt and sand and gravel, ensure the continuous operation of the separation work, reduce the workload of the staff, and improve the mud-sand separation effect and mud-sand separation efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mud and sand separation, and in particular to a mud and sand separation device for water conservancy engineering and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Water conservancy projects refer to various projects such as flood control, drainage, irrigation, hydropower generation, water diversion (supply), tidal flat management, soil and water conservation, and water resource protection. They are mainly used to eliminate water disasters and develop and utilize water resources. In water conservancy projects, it is often necessary to separate mud and sand.

[0003] The existing mud and sand separation equipment has poor separation effect and can generally only separate water from mud and sand, but fails to effectively separate silt from sand and gravel, and is unable to classify and process silt and sand and gravel for utilization; at the same time, the moisture content of mud and sand after separation from water is relatively high and still requires further subsequent treatment, which reduces the mud and sand separation effect and efficiency and increases the workload and processing costs of staff. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems existing in the prior art and to propose a mud-sand separation device for water conservancy engineering and a method of using the same.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A mud-sand separation device for water conservancy projects, comprising a base and:

[0007] A sand and gravel separation cylinder, wherein the sand and gravel separation cylinder is tiltedly arranged on the upper side of the base through a bracket, and a feed inlet and a discharge outlet are respectively arranged at the bottom and top of the sand and gravel separation cylinder;

[0008] A separation seat, wherein the separation seat is fixedly mounted at the bottom end of the sand and gravel separation cylinder, a sludge separation cylinder for separating mud and water is arranged inside the separation seat, and a plugging component for plugging the opening of the sludge separation cylinder is arranged on the separation seat;

[0009] A belt conveyor, wherein the belt conveyor is fixed on the base, and the front end of the belt conveyor is placed on the lower side of the sludge separation cylinder;

[0010] A heating shell, the heating shell covering the upper side of the belt conveyor, the heating shell being provided with an electric heating element;

[0011] Wherein, an air duct for conveying hot air is arranged between the heating shell and the sand and gravel separation cylinder.

[0012] Preferably, a conveying shaft is rotatably connected inside the sand and gravel separation cylinder, and a spiral conveying blade is arranged on the conveying shaft. A first motor for driving the conveying shaft to rotate is arranged on the outside of the sand and gravel separation cylinder. A filter screen is fixedly arranged on the bottom side of the sand and gravel separation cylinder, and a guide shell is fixedly arranged on the outside of the sand and gravel separation cylinder and is placed under the filter screen. The bottom of the guide shell is connected to the top of the sludge separation cylinder.

[0013] Preferably, the conveying shaft is provided with a blowing fan blade, and the blowing fan blade is movably connected in the sand and gravel separation cylinder. A hollow cavity connected to the air duct is opened in the sand and gravel separation cylinder, and an exhaust hole connected to the hollow cavity and used to discharge hot air is opened on the inner wall of the sand and gravel separation cylinder.

[0014] Preferably, a rotating rod is rotatably connected inside the sludge separation cylinder, a centrifugal paddle is provided on the rotating rod, the top of the rotating rod passes through the sludge separation cylinder and is connected to a driven bevel gear, and a driving bevel gear meshing with the driven bevel gear is provided on the conveying shaft.

[0015] Preferably, a sleeve is fixedly provided inside the separation seat and sleeved on the outside of the sludge separation cylinder, and the sleeve is connected to a water outlet pipe that passes through the separation seat and extends outward.

[0016] Preferably, the sealing assembly includes two rotating shafts rotatably connected in the separation seat, and elastic retractable plates are symmetrically arranged on both sides of each rotating shaft, and each elastic retractable plate is connected to a sealing plate, and the sealing plates on the upper and lower sides of the rotating shaft are respectively used to seal the openings on the upper and lower sides of the sludge separation cylinder.

[0017] Preferably, the blocking assembly also includes a transmission gear box fixedly mounted on the outside of the separation seat, the transmission gear box is provided with an input shaft and two output shafts, the two output shafts are respectively connected to the two rotating shafts, and a second motor for driving the input shaft to rotate is fixedly mounted on the outside of the transmission gear box.

[0018] Preferably, the sealing plate includes a main plate body for sealing the opening of the sludge separation cylinder, a movable plate slidably connected to the main plate body, and an elastic element arranged between the main plate body and the movable plate, and the end of the elastic telescopic plate away from the rotating shaft is movably connected to the movable plate.

[0019] Preferably, a first synchronous wheel and a second synchronous wheel are respectively provided on the conveying roller and the rotating shaft of the belt conveyor, a synchronous belt is provided between the first synchronous wheel and the second synchronous wheel, and the first synchronous wheel is configured as a one-way pulley.

[0020] The present invention also discloses a method for using a mud-sand separation device for a water conservancy project, comprising the following steps:

[0021] S1: The fluid to be separated and filtered is fed into the feed port of the sand and gravel separation cylinder, and the first motor is controlled to operate. The output shaft of the first motor drives the conveying shaft to rotate, and the conveying shaft drives the spiral conveying blades to convey the fluid upward along the inclined sand and gravel separation cylinder. The water and silt pass through the filter screen at the bottom of the sand and gravel separation cylinder under their own gravity and fall into the guide shell, and the sand and gravel are separated from the mud and water;

[0022] S2: The mud-water mixed fluid falling from the sand and gravel separation cylinder flows from the guide shell to the sludge separation cylinder. When the conveying shaft rotates, the driving bevel gear at the end engages with the driven bevel gear on the rotating rod for transmission. The rotating rod drives the centrifugal paddle to rotate. The centrifugal paddle drives the mud-water mixed fluid to rotate and centrifuge in the sludge separation cylinder, so that the water in the mud-water mixed fluid is separated from the sludge. The water passes through the sludge separation cylinder into the casing and is discharged along the outlet pipe.

[0023] As the fluid separation work continues, the sludge accumulated in the sludge separation cylinder gradually increases;

[0024] S3: Control the second motor to run, the second motor drives the gear in the transmission gear box to rotate, and the two output shafts in the transmission gear box respectively drive the two rotating shafts in the separation seat to rotate, and when the rotating shafts rotate, the upper and lower elastic expansion plates are driven to rotate;

[0025] The upper elastic telescopic plate pushes the upper movable plate, and the lower elastic telescopic plate pulls the lower movable plate. When the upper movable plate moves, the main plate body is driven to move through the elastic element, and the main plate body gradually blocks the upper opening of the sludge separation cylinder. When the lower movable plate moves, it no longer squeezes the elastic element, and the elastic element recovers. During this period, the lower main plate body still keeps blocking the lower opening of the sludge separation cylinder.

[0026] After the upper main plate blocks the upper opening of the sludge separation cylinder, the elastic element connected to the upper main plate is compressed. At this time, the elastic element connected to the lower movable plate is fully restored and drives the lower blocking plate to no longer block the bottom of the sludge separation cylinder. The sludge accumulated at the bottom of the sludge separation cylinder falls onto the belt conveyor.

[0027] Then the second motor drives the rotating shaft to reverse through the transmission gear box, so that the upper sealing plate no longer blocks the top of the sludge separation cylinder, and the lower sealing plate blocks the bottom of the sludge separation cylinder;

[0028] S4: When the rotating shaft is reversed, the second synchronous wheel on the rotating shaft drives the first synchronous wheel on the conveying roller to rotate through the synchronous belt, and the belt conveyor runs and conveys the sludge accumulated on its upper side. When the sludge is conveyed into the heating shell, the electric heating element in the heating shell heats and dries the sludge, and the water in the sludge evaporates to generate water vapor. The water vapor rises and enters the cavity of the sand and gravel separation cylinder along the air guide pipe, and enters the sand and gravel separation cylinder through the exhaust hole connected to the cavity. The hot air moves in the feeding direction of the sand and gravel separation cylinder under the blowing of the fan blades;

[0029] The hot air is initially placed at the end of the sand and gravel separation cylinder. At this time, the hot air dries the separated sand and gravel. As the hot air continues to exchange heat, the hot air condenses into water. The clean water cleans the sand and gravel that are initially separated from the mud and water in the sand and gravel separation cylinder. The sand and gravel separated from the mud and water are discharged from the discharge port after cleaning and drying. The staff collects the sand and gravel by placing a collection container at the discharge port, and collects the dry soil at the end of the belt conveyor.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] 1. The mud-sand separation device for water conservancy projects and its use method can effectively separate and process water, silt and sand and gravel through the cooperation of the sand-stone separation cylinder, the silt separation cylinder and the belt conveyor, ensure the continuous operation of the separation work, reduce the workload of the staff and the separation cost, and improve the mud-sand separation effect and efficiency;

[0032] 2. The sand and gravel separation device for water conservancy projects and its use method are configured such that the sand and gravel separation cylinder is tilted upward, so that when the spiral conveying blades convey the fluid to be separated and filtered, the water body and the silt with small particle size pass through the filter screen during the conveying process, and the fluid conveyed upward is convenient for separating sand and gravel from muddy water, thereby ensuring the effect of separating sand and gravel from muddy water;

[0033] 3. The mud-sand separation device for water conservancy projects and the method of using the same can open the upper opening and the lower opening of the sludge separation cylinder alternately by setting a plugging component in the separation seat, so that the sludge accumulated in the centrifugal process inside the sludge separation cylinder can be discharged intermittently, ensuring the continuous separation work of the sludge separation cylinder. There is no need to manually remove and clean the sludge separation cylinder, which reduces the workload and difficulty of the staff and ensures the continuous operation of the separation work;

[0034] 4. The mud-sand separation device for water conservancy projects and its use method, by setting a heating shell to dry and heat the sludge transported by the belt conveyor, reduce the moisture content of the sludge, improve the sludge treatment effect, and reduce the subsequent sludge treatment work, and the water vapor generated when the sludge is dried is discharged into the sand and gravel separation cylinder through the air guide pipe, and the sand and gravel separated from the mud and water are cleaned and dried, thereby improving the sand and gravel treatment effect and reducing the workload of the staff and the subsequent treatment cost;

[0035] 5. The mud-sand separation device for water conservancy projects and the method of using the device drive the belt conveyor to operate when the plugging component is working, so that the sludge discharge of the sludge separation cylinder cooperates with the sludge transportation of the belt conveyor, so that the above components act as a continuously moving linkage mechanism, and the various components cooperate and relate to each other to achieve coordinated movement, so that the device's mud-water separation and sludge treatment actions are more coherent and smooth. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 The structure of the present invention is schematically shown Figure 1 ;

[0037] Figure 2 The structure of the present invention is schematically shown Figure 2 ;

[0038] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 A partial enlarged structural diagram of the middle part;

[0040] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the partially enlarged structure of the middle B part;

[0041] Figure 6 The structure of the sand and gravel separation cylinder of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0042] Figure 7 The structure of the sand and gravel separation cylinder of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0043] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of two blocking plates of the present invention when they are in abutment with each other;

[0044] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the blocking plate of the present invention;

[0045] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the sludge separation cylinder of the present invention;

[0046] Fig.11 It is a schematic structural diagram of the transmission gear box of the present invention.

[0047] In the figure: 1. base; 2. sand and gravel separation cylinder; 201. feed port; 202. discharge port; 203. filter screen; 204. guide shell; 3. separation seat; 4. sludge separation cylinder; 5. belt conveyor; 6. heating shell; 7. air guide pipe; 8. conveying shaft; 801. spiral conveying blade; 802. first motor; 803. driving bevel gear; 9. rotating shaft; 901. elastic telescopic plate; 902. blocking plate; 9021. main board; 9022. movable plate; 9023. elastic element; 10. transmission gear box; 1001. second motor; 11. rotating rod; 111. centrifugal paddle; 112. driven bevel gear; 12. sleeve; 121. water outlet pipe; 13. first synchronous wheel; 14. second synchronous wheel; 15. fan blade; 16. exhaust hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0049] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0050] Example 1: Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 , a mud-sand separation device for water conservancy engineering, comprising a base 1, and also comprising:

[0051] The sand and gravel separation cylinder 2 is tiltedly arranged on the upper side of the base 1 through a bracket, and a feed port 201 and a discharge port 202 are respectively arranged at the bottom and top of the sand and gravel separation cylinder 2;

[0052] The separation seat 3 is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the sand and gravel separation cylinder 2. A sludge separation cylinder 4 for separating mud and water is arranged inside the separation seat 3. A plugging component for plugging the opening of the sludge separation cylinder 4 is arranged on the separation seat 3;

[0053] A belt conveyor 5, which is fixed on the base 1, and the front end of the belt conveyor 5 is placed on the lower side of the sludge separation cylinder 4;

[0054] A heating shell 6, the heating shell 6 covers the upper side of the belt conveyor 5, and an electric heating element is arranged in the heating shell 6;

[0055] An air duct 7 for conveying hot air is provided between the heating shell 6 and the sand and gravel separation cylinder 2 .

[0056] Specifically, the fluid to be separated and filtered is fed into the feed port 201 of the sand and gravel separation cylinder 2, and the sand and gravel separation cylinder 2 separates the sand and gravel from the mud and water in the fluid. The separated sand and gravel are received by the staff at the discharge port 202, and the mud and water separated from the sand and gravel enter the sludge separation cylinder 4, and the sludge separation cylinder 4 separates the sludge and water. The sludge separated by the sludge separation cylinder 4 enters the heating shell 6 under the conveyance of the belt conveyor 5, and the electric heating element in the heating shell 6 dries the sludge to reduce the water content of the sludge, and the high-temperature water vapor generated when drying the sludge is introduced into the sand and gravel separation cylinder through the air guide pipe 7. After leaving the cylinder 2, the high-temperature air dries the separated sand and gravel. As the hot air continuously exchanges heat with the sand and gravel, the hot air condenses into water, and the clean water cleans the sand and gravel that have been initially separated from the mud and water in the sand and gravel separation cylinder 2. The sand and gravel separated from the mud and water are discharged from the discharge port 202 after being cleaned and dried. The present application can effectively separate, process and utilize water, silt and sand and gravel through the cooperation of the sand and gravel separation cylinder 2, the silt separation cylinder 4 and the belt conveyor 5, thereby ensuring the continuous operation of the separation work, reducing the workload and separation cost of the staff, and improving the mud and sand separation effect and mud and sand separation efficiency.

[0057] Example 2: Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 A mud and sand separation device for water conservancy projects, based on Example 1, further, a conveying shaft 8 is rotatably connected inside the sand and gravel separation cylinder 2, and a spiral conveying blade 801 is arranged on the conveying shaft 8. A first motor 802 for driving the conveying shaft 8 to rotate is arranged on the outside of the sand and gravel separation cylinder 2. A filter screen 203 is fixedly arranged on the bottom side of the sand and gravel separation cylinder 2, and a guide shell 204 is fixedly arranged on the outside of the sand and gravel separation cylinder 2 and is placed under the filter screen 203. The bottom of the guide shell 204 is connected to the top of the sludge separation cylinder 4.

[0058] Specifically, the fluid to be separated and filtered is fed into the feed port 201 of the sand and gravel separation cylinder 2, and the first motor 802 is controlled to run. The output shaft of the first motor 802 drives the conveying shaft 8 to rotate, and the conveying shaft 8 drives the spiral conveying blades 801 to convey the fluid upward along the inclined sand and gravel separation cylinder 2. The water and silt pass through the filter screen 203 at the bottom of the sand and gravel separation cylinder 2 under their own gravity and fall into the guide shell 204. The sand and gravel are separated from the mud and water, thereby ensuring the separation effect of sand and gravel from the mud and water.

[0059] Example 3: Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 7A mud and sand separation device for water conservancy projects, based on Example 2, is further provided with a blowing fan blade 15 on the conveying shaft 8, and the blowing fan blade 15 is movably connected in the sand and gravel separation cylinder 2, and a hollow cavity connected to the air guide pipe 7 is opened in the sand and gravel separation cylinder 2, and an exhaust hole 16 connected to the hollow cavity and used to discharge hot air is opened on the inner wall of the sand and gravel separation cylinder 2.

[0060] Specifically, after the belt conveyor 5 sends the sludge with most of the moisture removed to the heating shell 6, the electric heating element in the heating shell 6 heats and dries the sludge, and the moisture in the sludge evaporates to produce water vapor, which rises and enters the cavity of the sand and gravel separation cylinder 2 along the air guide pipe 7, and enters the sand and gravel separation cylinder 2 through the exhaust hole 16 connected to the cavity. The hot air moves in the feeding direction of the sand and gravel separation cylinder 2 under the blowing of the fan blades 15. The hot air is initially placed at the end of the sand and gravel separation cylinder 2. At this time, the hot air dries the separated sand and gravel. As the hot air continues to exchange heat, the hot air condenses into water, and the clean water cleans the sand and gravel that are initially separated from the mud and water in the sand and gravel separation cylinder 2. The sand and gravel separated from the mud and water are cleaned and dried during the movement along the sand and gravel separation cylinder 2 and are discharged from the discharge port 202, thereby improving the sand and gravel processing effect and reducing the workload of the staff and the subsequent processing costs.

[0061] Example 4: Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 A mud and sand separation device for water conservancy projects, based on Example 3, further, a rotating rod 11 is rotatably connected in the sludge separation cylinder 4, and a centrifugal paddle 111 is provided on the rotating rod 11. The top of the rotating rod 11 passes through the sludge separation cylinder 4 and is connected to a driven bevel gear 112, and an active bevel gear 803 meshing with the driven bevel gear 112 is provided on the conveying shaft 8.

[0062] Furthermore, a sleeve 12 is fixedly disposed inside the separation seat 3 and sleeved on the outside of the sludge separation cylinder 4 , and the sleeve 12 is connected to a water outlet pipe 121 that passes through the separation seat 3 and extends outward.

[0063] Specifically, the mud-water mixed fluid falling from the sand and gravel separation cylinder 2 flows from the guide shell 204 to the sludge separation cylinder 4. When the conveying shaft 8 rotates, the active bevel gear 803 at the end engages with the driven bevel gear 112 on the rotating rod 11 for transmission, and the rotating rod 11 drives the centrifugal paddle 111 to rotate. The centrifugal paddle 111 drives the mud-water mixed fluid to rotate and centrifuge in the sludge separation cylinder 4, so that the water body in the mud-water mixed fluid is separated from the sludge, and the water body passes through the sludge separation cylinder 4 into the casing 12 and is discharged along the outlet pipe 121.

[0064] Example 5: Reference Figure 1-11A mud and sand separation device for water conservancy projects, based on Example 4, further, the blocking component includes two rotating shafts 9 rotatably connected to the separation seat 3, and elastic telescopic plates 901 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of each rotating shaft 9, and each elastic telescopic plate 901 is connected to a blocking plate 902, and the blocking plates 902 on the upper and lower sides of the rotating shaft 9 are respectively used to block the openings on the upper and lower sides of the sludge separation cylinder 4.

[0065] Furthermore, the blocking assembly also includes a transmission gear box 10 fixedly mounted on the outside of the separation seat 3. The transmission gear box 10 is provided with an input shaft and two output shafts. The two output shafts are respectively connected to the two rotating shafts 9. A second motor 1001 is fixedly mounted on the outside of the transmission gear box 10 for driving the input shaft to rotate.

[0066] Furthermore, the sealing plate 902 includes a main plate body 9021 for sealing the opening of the sludge separation cylinder 4, a movable plate 9022 slidably connected to the main plate body 9021, and an elastic element 9023 arranged between the main plate body 9021 and the movable plate 9022. The end of the elastic telescopic plate 901 away from the rotating shaft 9 is movably connected to the movable plate 9022.

[0067] Specifically, when the plugging assembly is initially closed, the plugging plate 902 on the upper side of the separation seat 3 does not block the upper opening of the sludge separation cylinder 4, and the plugging plate 902 on the lower side of the separation seat 3 blocks the lower opening of the sludge separation cylinder 4, so that the muddy water falling in the guide shell 204 can smoothly enter the sludge separation cylinder 4 for mud-water separation. As the fluid separation work continues, the sludge accumulated in the sludge separation cylinder 4 gradually increases.

[0068] The second motor 1001 is controlled to run, and the second motor 1001 drives the gears in the transmission gear box 10 to rotate. The two output shafts in the transmission gear box 10 respectively drive the two rotating shafts 9 in the separation seat 3 to rotate. When the rotating shaft 9 rotates, it drives the upper and lower elastic telescopic plates 901 to rotate. The upper elastic telescopic plate 901 pushes the upper movable plate 9022, and the lower elastic telescopic plate 901 pulls the lower movable plate 9022. When the upper movable plate 9022 moves, the main plate body 9021 is driven to move through the elastic element 9023. The main plate body 9021 gradually blocks the upper opening of the sludge separation cylinder 4. When the lower movable plate 9022 moves, it no longer squeezes the elastic element 9023, and the elastic element 9023 recovers. During this period, the lower main board body 9021 still maintains the blocking state of the lower opening of the sludge separation cylinder 4. After the upper main board body 9021 blocks the upper opening of the sludge separation cylinder 4, the elastic element 9023 connected to the upper main board body 9021 is compressed. At this time, the elastic element 9023 connected to the lower movable plate 9022 is fully restored and drives the lower blocking plate 902 to no longer block the bottom of the sludge separation cylinder 4. The sludge accumulated at the bottom of the sludge separation cylinder 4 falls onto the belt conveyor 5. Then the second motor 1001 drives the rotating shaft 9 to reverse through the transmission gear box 10, so that the upper blocking plate 902 no longer blocks the top of the sludge separation cylinder 4, and the lower blocking plate 902 blocks the bottom of the sludge separation cylinder 4.

[0069] The present application enables the upper opening and the lower opening of the sludge separation cylinder 4 to be opened alternately, thereby allowing the sludge accumulated inside the sludge separation cylinder 4 during the centrifugal process to be discharged intermittently, thereby ensuring the continuous separation work of the sludge separation cylinder 4. There is no need to manually stop the machine to remove and clean the sludge separation cylinder 4, thereby reducing the workload and work difficulty of the staff and ensuring the continuous operation of the separation work.

[0070] Example 6: Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Fig.11 A mud and sand separation device for water conservancy projects, based on Example 5, further, a first synchronous wheel 13 and a second synchronous wheel 14 are respectively provided on the conveying roller and the rotating shaft 9 of the belt conveyor 5, a synchronous belt is provided between the first synchronous wheel 13 and the second synchronous wheel 14, and the first synchronous wheel 13 is configured as a one-way pulley.

[0071] Specifically, the one-way pulley is a prior art, which can only be driven by force to drive the shaft to rotate in one direction. No further details will be given here. When the rotating shaft 9 reverses, the second synchronous wheel 14 on the rotating shaft 9 drives the first synchronous wheel 13 on the conveying roller to rotate through the synchronous belt, and the belt conveyor 5 runs and transports the sludge accumulated on its upper side. When the blocking component works, the belt conveyor 5 is driven to run, so that the sludge discharge of the sludge separation drum 4 and the belt conveyor 5 cooperate in the sludge transportation, so that the above-mentioned components act as a continuously moving linkage mechanism, so that the various components cooperate and relate to each other to achieve coordinated movement, so that the device's mud-water separation and sludge treatment actions are more coherent and smooth.

[0072] The present invention also discloses a method for using a mud-sand separation device for a water conservancy project, comprising the following steps:

[0073] S1: The fluid to be separated and filtered is fed into the feed port 201 of the sand and gravel separation cylinder 2, and the first motor 802 is controlled to operate. The output shaft of the first motor 802 drives the conveying shaft 8 to rotate, and the conveying shaft 8 drives the spiral conveying blade 801 to convey the fluid upward along the inclined sand and gravel separation cylinder 2. The water and silt pass through the filter screen 203 at the bottom of the sand and gravel separation cylinder 2 under their own gravity and fall into the guide shell 204, and the sand and gravel are separated from the mud and water;

[0074] S2: The mud-water mixed fluid dropped from the gravel separation cylinder 2 flows from the guide shell 204 to the sludge separation cylinder 4. When the conveying shaft 8 rotates, the driving bevel gear 803 at the end engages with the driven bevel gear 112 on the rotating rod 11 for transmission. The rotating rod 11 drives the centrifugal paddle 111 to rotate. The centrifugal paddle 111 drives the mud-water mixed fluid to rotate and centrifuge in the sludge separation cylinder 4, so that the water in the mud-water mixed fluid is separated from the sludge. The water passes through the sludge separation cylinder 4 and enters the casing 12 and is discharged along the outlet pipe 121.

[0075] As the fluid separation work continues, the sludge accumulated in the sludge separation cylinder 4 gradually increases;

[0076] S3: Control the second motor 1001 to operate. The second motor 1001 drives the gears in the transmission gear box 10 to rotate. The two output shafts in the transmission gear box 10 respectively drive the two rotating shafts 9 in the separation seat 3 to rotate. When the rotating shafts 9 rotate, the upper and lower elastic expansion plates 901 are driven to rotate.

[0077] The upper elastic expansion plate 901 pushes the upper movable plate 9022, and the lower elastic expansion plate 901 pulls the lower movable plate 9022. When the upper movable plate 9022 moves, the main plate body 9021 is driven to move through the elastic element 9023. The main plate body 9021 gradually blocks the upper opening of the sludge separation cylinder 4. When the lower movable plate 9022 moves, it no longer squeezes the elastic element 9023, and the elastic element 9023 recovers. During this period, the lower main plate body 9021 still keeps blocking the lower opening of the sludge separation cylinder 4.

[0078] After the upper main plate 9021 blocks the upper opening of the sludge separation cylinder 4, the elastic element 9023 connected to the upper main plate 9021 is compressed, and the elastic element 9023 connected to the lower movable plate 9022 is fully restored and drives the lower blocking plate 902 to no longer block the bottom of the sludge separation cylinder 4, and the sludge accumulated at the bottom of the sludge separation cylinder 4 falls onto the belt conveyor 5;

[0079] Then, the second motor 1001 drives the rotating shaft 9 to reversely rotate through the transmission gear box 10, so that the upper blocking plate 902 no longer blocks the top of the sludge separation cylinder 4, and the lower blocking plate 902 blocks the bottom of the sludge separation cylinder 4;

[0080] S4: When the rotating shaft 9 is reversed, the second synchronous wheel 14 on the rotating shaft 9 drives the first synchronous wheel 13 on the conveying roller to rotate through the synchronous belt, and the belt conveyor 5 runs and conveys the sludge accumulated on its upper side. When the sludge is conveyed into the heating shell 6, the electric heating element in the heating shell 6 heats and dries the sludge, and the water in the sludge evaporates to generate water vapor. The water vapor rises and enters the cavity of the sand and gravel separation cylinder 2 along the air guide pipe 7, and enters the sand and gravel separation cylinder 2 through the exhaust hole 16 connected to the cavity. The hot air moves in the feeding direction of the sand and gravel separation cylinder 2 under the blowing of the fan blade 15;

[0081] The hot air is initially placed at the end of the sand and gravel separation cylinder 2. At this time, the hot air dries the separated sand and gravel. As the hot air continues to exchange heat, the hot air condenses into water. The clean water cleans the sand and gravel that have been initially separated from the mud and water in the sand and gravel separation cylinder 2. The sand and gravel separated from the mud and water are discharged from the discharge port 202 after cleaning and drying. The staff collects the sand and gravel by placing a collection container at the discharge port 202, and collects the dry soil at the end of the belt conveyor 5.

[0082] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mud-sand separation device for a hydraulic engineering project, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: Also includes: A sand and gravel separation cylinder (2), the sand and gravel separation cylinder (2) being arranged obliquely on the upper side of the base (1) via a bracket, and a feed inlet (201) and a discharge outlet (202) being respectively arranged at the bottom and top of the sand and gravel separation cylinder (2); A separation seat (3), the separation seat (3) being fixedly mounted at the bottom end of the sand and gravel separation cylinder (2), a sludge separation cylinder (4) for separating mud and water being arranged inside the separation seat (3), and a plugging component for plugging an opening of the sludge separation cylinder (4) being arranged on the separation seat (3); A belt conveyor (5), wherein the belt conveyor (5) is fixedly mounted on the base (1), and the front end of the belt conveyor (5) is placed on the lower side of the sludge separation cylinder (4); A heating shell (6), the heating shell (6) covering the upper side of the belt conveyor (5), and an electric heating element being arranged inside the heating shell (6); Wherein, an air guide pipe (7) for conveying hot air is provided between the heating shell (6) and the sand and gravel separation cylinder (2); A conveying shaft (8) is rotatably connected inside the sand and gravel separation cylinder (2), and a spiral conveying blade (801) is arranged on the conveying shaft (8). A first motor (802) for driving the conveying shaft (8) to rotate is arranged outside the sand and gravel separation cylinder (2). A filter screen (203) is fixedly arranged on the bottom side of the sand and gravel separation cylinder (2). A guide shell (204) disposed below the filter screen (203) is fixedly arranged on the outside of the sand and gravel separation cylinder (2), and the bottom of the guide shell (204) is connected to the top of the sludge separation cylinder (4); The conveying shaft (8) is provided with a blowing fan blade (15), and the blowing fan blade (15) is movably connected in the sand and gravel separation cylinder (2). A hollow cavity connected to the air guide pipe (7) is provided in the sand and gravel separation cylinder (2), and an exhaust hole (16) connected to the hollow cavity and used for exhausting hot air is provided on the inner wall of the sand and gravel separation cylinder (2); A rotating rod (11) is rotatably connected inside the sludge separation barrel (4), a centrifugal paddle (111) is provided on the rotating rod (11), the top of the rotating rod (11) passes through the sludge separation barrel (4) and is connected to a driven bevel gear (112), and a driving bevel gear (803) meshing with the driven bevel gear (112) is provided on the conveying shaft (8); A sleeve (12) is fixedly provided inside the separation seat (3) and sleeved on the outside of the sludge separation cylinder (4); the sleeve (12) is connected to a water outlet pipe (121) that passes through the separation seat (3) and extends outwards; The plugging assembly comprises two rotating shafts (9) rotatably connected in the separation seat (3), elastic telescopic plates (901) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of each rotating shaft (9), and each elastic telescopic plate (901) is connected to a plugging plate (902), and the plugging plates (902) on the upper and lower sides of the rotating shaft (9) are respectively used to plug the openings on the upper side and the lower side of the sludge separation cylinder (4); The blocking plate (902) comprises a main plate body (9021) for blocking the opening of the sludge separation cylinder (4), a movable plate (9022) slidably connected to the main plate body (9021), and an elastic element (9023) arranged between the main plate body (9021) and the movable plate (9022); one end of the elastic telescopic plate (901) away from the rotating shaft (9) is movably connected to the movable plate (9022).

2. A mud-sand separation device for water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blocking assembly further comprises a transmission gear box (10) fixedly mounted on the outside of the separation seat (3), the transmission gear box (10) being provided with an input shaft and two output shafts, the two output shafts being respectively connected to the two rotating shafts (9), and a second motor (1001) for driving the input shaft to rotate is fixedly mounted on the outside of the transmission gear box (10).

3. A mud-sand separation device for water conservancy projects according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first synchronous wheel (13) and a second synchronous wheel (14) are respectively arranged on the conveying roller and the rotating shaft (9) of the belt conveyor (5); a synchronous belt is arranged between the first synchronous wheel (13) and the second synchronous wheel (14); and the first synchronous wheel (13) is arranged as a one-way belt pulley.

4. A method for using the mud-sand separation device for water conservancy projects according to claim 3, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: The fluid to be separated and filtered is fed into the feed port (201) of the sand and gravel separation cylinder (2), and the first motor (802) is controlled to operate. The output shaft of the first motor (802) drives the conveying shaft (8) to rotate. The conveying shaft (8) drives the spiral conveying blades (801) to convey the fluid upward along the inclined sand and gravel separation cylinder (2). The water and sludge pass through the filter screen (203) at the bottom of the sand and gravel separation cylinder (2) under their own gravity and fall into the guide shell (204), and the sand and gravel are separated from the mud and water. S2: the mud-water mixed fluid dropped from the gravel separation barrel (2) flows from the guide shell (204) into the sludge separation barrel (4), and when the conveying shaft (8) rotates, the driving bevel gear (803) at the end engages with the driven bevel gear (112) on the rotating rod (11) for transmission, and the rotating rod (11) drives the centrifugal paddle (111) to rotate, and the centrifugal paddle (111) drives the mud-water mixed fluid to rotate and centrifuge in the sludge separation barrel (4), so that the water in the mud-water mixed fluid is separated from the sludge, and the water passes through the sludge separation barrel (4) into the casing (12) and is discharged along the outlet pipe (121); As the fluid separation process continues, the amount of sludge accumulated in the sludge separation cylinder (4) gradually increases; S3: Controlling the second motor (1001) to operate, the second motor (1001) drives the gears in the transmission gear box (10) to rotate, and the two output shafts in the transmission gear box (10) respectively drive the two rotating shafts (9) in the separation seat (3) to rotate, and when the rotating shafts (9) rotate, the upper and lower elastic retractable plates (901) are driven to rotate; The upper elastic telescopic plate (901) pushes the upper movable plate (9022), and the lower elastic telescopic plate (901) pulls the lower movable plate (9022). When the upper movable plate (9022) moves, the main plate body (9021) is driven to move via the elastic element (9023). The main plate body (9021) gradually blocks the upper opening of the sludge separation cylinder (4). When the lower movable plate (9022) moves, it no longer presses the elastic element (9023). The elastic element (9023) recovers. During this period, the lower main plate body (9021) still maintains a blocking state for the lower opening of the sludge separation cylinder (4). After the upper main plate (9021) blocks the upper opening of the sludge separation barrel (4), the elastic element (9023) connected to the upper main plate (9021) is compressed, and the elastic element (9023) connected to the lower movable plate (9022) is fully restored and drives the lower blocking plate (902) to no longer block the bottom of the sludge separation barrel (4), and the sludge accumulated at the bottom of the sludge separation barrel (4) falls onto the belt conveyor (5); Then, the second motor (1001) drives the rotating shaft (9) to rotate in reverse through the transmission gear box (10), so that the upper sealing plate (902) no longer seals the top of the sludge separation cylinder (4), and the lower sealing plate (902) seals the bottom of the sludge separation cylinder (4); S4: When the rotating shaft (9) is reversed, the second synchronous wheel (14) on the rotating shaft (9) drives the first synchronous wheel (13) on the conveying roller to rotate through the synchronous belt, and the belt conveyor (5) runs and conveys the sludge accumulated on the upper side thereof. When the sludge is conveyed into the heating shell (6), the electric heating element in the heating shell (6) heats and dries the sludge, and the water in the sludge evaporates to generate water vapor. The water vapor rises and enters the cavity of the sand and gravel separation cylinder (2) along the air guide pipe (7), and enters the sand and gravel separation cylinder (2) through the exhaust hole (16) connected to the cavity. The hot air moves in the feeding direction of the sand and gravel separation cylinder (2) under the blowing of the blowing fan blade (15); The hot air is initially placed at the end of the sand and gravel separation cylinder (2). At this time, the hot air dries the separated sand and gravel. As the hot air continuously exchanges heat, the hot air condenses into water. The clean water cleans the sand and gravel that have been initially separated from the mud and water in the sand and gravel separation cylinder (2). The sand and gravel that have been separated from the mud and water are cleaned and dried and then discharged from the discharge port (202). The staff collects the sand and gravel by placing a collection container at the discharge port (202), and collects the dried mud at the end of the belt conveyor (5).

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