Rotary ultrasonic vibration auxiliary electrolytic machining system and method

Abstract

The system comprises a machine tool spindle, a conductive slip ring, an ultrasonic generator, an electrolytic direct-current power source and an ultrasonic vibration device, and the ultrasonic vibration device comprises a spindle connecting rod, an ultrasonic vibrator, a conductive rubber sleeve, an amplitude-change pole, a cathode rod and a cathode head; a stator of the conductive slip ring is fixed on a machine tool, stator terminals are respectively connected with positive and negative poles of the ultrasonic generator, a rotor of the conductive slip ring is fixed on a machine tool spindle, and rotor terminals are respectively connected with positive and negative poles of the ultrasonic vibrator; the spindle connecting rod is fixed on a machine tool spindle, the amplitude-change pole is fixed on the spindle connecting rod and fixedly connected with the ultrasonic vibrator, the lower end of the spindle connecting rod is connected with the upper end of the cathode rod through the conductive rubber sleeve, and the cathode head is fixed at the lower end of the cathode rod; and the amplitude-change pole is connected with the cathode rod. The circulating updating effect of the electrolyte in the machining area is improved, ultrasonic vibration can be intensively transmitted to the workpiece machining area, and energy loss is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ultrasonic electrolytic composite machining, and in particular to a rotary ultrasonic vibration assisted electrolytic machining system and method. Background Art

[0002] Electrolytic machining is a special machining method based on the principle of electrochemical anode dissolution, which uses a tool cathode with a reasonable shape to achieve workpiece forming. The machining process is not limited by the hardness of the material and has the advantages of no cutting force, no loss of machining tools, and wide applicability. In some cases, due to the limitation of tool electrode size, the material removal rate of electrolytic machining can only reach hundreds of mm 3 / min, it is difficult to meet the manufacturing requirements of efficient processing of large structural parts.

[0003] Ultrasonic machining is a machining method that uses ultrasonic vibration to act on the workpiece surface, and uses high-frequency vibration to make abrasives or tools cut, grind or remove materials from the workpiece surface. During ultrasonic machining, the end face of the tool vibrates at ultrasonic frequencies, and the free abrasive in the liquid between the tool and the workpiece is used to mechanically impact and polish the machined surface to remove the workpiece material. It has the advantages of low macro-cutting force and good surface quality.

[0004] On the basis of electrolytic machining, ultrasonic vibration is used as an aid. The unique cavitation effect of ultrasonic vibration can be used to remove the oxide layer of the processed area, and the circulation efficiency of the electrolyte in the machining gap can be improved, which can improve the material removal rate. At present, ultrasonic electrolytic composite machining mainly includes three types: tool vibration, workpiece vibration and solution vibration. Solution ultrasonic vibration is relatively easy to achieve. For example, the Chinese invention patent with application publication number CN117047209A discloses "ultrasonic assisted discharge-electrochemical-mechanical composite finishing method and device", which realizes ultrasonic vibration of the solution by installing an ultrasonic vibrator at the bottom of the electrolytic cell. This vibration mode has certain limitations, that is, the vibration of the vibrator cannot be effectively transmitted to the processing area of ​​the workpiece, there is energy loss, and the vibration range is large, which is easy to cause the electrolyte to heat up. There are many achievements in cathode tool vibration. For example, Ding Xiang of Yangzhou University proposed a rotary ultrasonic vibration assisted electrolytic machining system in "Design and Experiment of Rotary Ultrasonic Composite / Assisted Electrolysis-Discharge Development Machining System", which realized the ultrasonic vibration of the spindle. The machining system fixes the workpiece on the workbench, and the tool electrode and the workpiece are immersed in the electrolyte at the same time. The tool electrode is fed with rotation and axial ultrasonic vibration, and the material is removed by the rotary ultrasonic action and the gap electrolysis between the workpiece and the electrode. The above two technologies are both hydrostatic machining. When hydrostatic machining is adopted, when machining deep grooves or deep holes, ultrasonic vibration is generally ineffective in achieving the exchange between the electrolyte in the machining area and the external electrolyte, resulting in the difficulty in timely discharge of the insoluble products in the machining gap, thereby reducing the current density and even causing a short circuit. At the same time, electrolytic machining generates a lot of heat, which accumulates in the machining area, causing the conductivity of the electrolyte to change, reducing the machining accuracy and surface quality. It can be seen that hydrostatic machining is difficult to achieve high-quality machining of structures such as deep grooves or deep holes.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need in the art for an electrolytic machining system to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a rotary ultrasonic vibration assisted electrolytic machining system and method to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, which can improve the electrolyte circulation renewal effect in the machining area, improve the machining efficiency, ensure the machining accuracy and surface quality, and enable the ultrasonic vibration to be concentratedly transmitted to the workpiece machining area to reduce energy loss.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0008] The present invention provides a rotary ultrasonic vibration assisted electrolytic machining system, comprising a machine tool spindle, a conductive slip ring, an ultrasonic generator, an electrolytic DC power supply and an ultrasonic vibration device, wherein the ultrasonic vibration device comprises a spindle connecting rod, an ultrasonic vibrator, a conductive rubber sleeve, a horn, a cathode rod and a cathode head;

[0009] The stator of the conductive slip ring is fixed on the machine tool, and the stator terminals are respectively connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the ultrasonic generator; the rotor of the conductive slip ring is fixed on the main shaft of the machine tool, and the rotor terminals are respectively connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the ultrasonic vibrator;

[0010] The spindle connecting rod is coaxially fixed to the spindle of the machine tool, the amplitude rod is fixed to the spindle connecting rod and is fixedly connected to the ultrasonic vibrator, the lower end of the spindle connecting rod is connected to the upper end of the cathode rod through the conductive rubber sleeve, and the cathode head is fixed to the lower end of the cathode rod; the lower end of the amplitude rod is connected to the cathode rod, so as to transmit vibration to the cathode head through the cathode rod;

[0011] The main shaft connecting rod, the conductive rubber sleeve, the cathode rod and the cathode head are internally connected to form an electrolyte flow channel;

[0012] The positive electrode of the electrolytic DC power supply is connected to the workpiece, and the negative electrode is connected to the main shaft of the machine tool.

[0013] Preferably, an insulating sleeve is provided between the rotor of the conductive slip ring and the machine tool spindle.

[0014] Preferably, the amplitude transformer is a V-shaped amplitude transformer, and the ultrasonic vibrators are distributed at both ends of the upper part of the V-shaped amplitude transformer.

[0015] Preferably, the surface of the horn is subjected to black oxidation treatment.

[0016] Preferably, the outer surface of the horn is coated with an insulating layer.

[0017] Preferably, insulating ceramic is provided between the amplitude changing rod and the cathode rod, and insulating ceramic is provided between the amplitude changing rod and the main shaft connecting rod.

[0018] Preferably, the housing of the conductive slip ring, the main shaft connecting rod, the cathode rod and the cathode head are made of corrosion-resistant metal materials.

[0019] The present invention provides a rotary ultrasonic vibration assisted electrolytic machining method, based on the rotary ultrasonic vibration assisted electrolytic machining system described above, comprising the following steps:

[0020] Step 1: fix the workpiece in the processing area, move the X-axis and Y-axis of the machine tool to make the cathode head at the predetermined processing position of the workpiece, and then adjust the Z-axis to determine the initial processing gap between the cathode head and the workpiece;

[0021] Step 2: Connect the machine tool spindle to the negative electrode of the electrolytic DC power supply, connect the workpiece to the positive electrode of the electrolytic DC power supply, open the valve, and the electrolyte passes through the machine tool spindle, the spindle connecting rod, the conductive rubber sleeve and the cathode rod, and is ejected from the cathode head to act on the surface of the workpiece;

[0022] Step 3: Turn on the ultrasonic generator, and the vibration generated by the ultrasonic vibrator is transmitted to the cathode rod through the horn, and further transmitted to the cathode head, so that the cathode head generates longitudinal ultrasonic vibration;

[0023] Step 4: Turn on the electrolytic DC power supply and run the machine tool processing program. The machine tool spindle rotates and moves along the feed direction to achieve ultrasonic vibration-assisted electrolytic processing.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0025] When the present invention is working, the electrolyte is ejected from the cathode head through the machine tool spindle, the spindle connecting rod, the conductive rubber sleeve and the cathode rod, and acts on the surface of the workpiece. The conductive slip ring ensures that the ultrasonic vibration device rotates synchronously with the machine tool spindle, realizing the rotational ultrasonic vibration of the spindle and the central liquid supply. The central liquid supply (internal liquid spraying) can better control the flow of the electrolyte, forcing the electrolyte in the processing gap to exchange with the outside world, and improving the electrolyte circulation and renewal effect in the processing area, thereby taking away the processing products and the generated heat, improving the processing efficiency, and ensuring the processing accuracy and surface quality. The present invention adopts a segmented tool electrode design, and the cathode rod is softly connected to the spindle connecting rod through a conductive rubber sleeve, which can suppress the amplitude from being transmitted upward, and the ultrasonic vibration is concentratedly transmitted to the workpiece processing area, reducing energy loss.

[0026] Furthermore, the present invention sets the amplitude transformer as a V-shaped amplitude transformer, and connects the cathode rod through the lower end of the V-shaped amplitude transformer, so that the lower end surfaces on both sides of the V-shaped amplitude transformer can obtain a smaller horizontal spacing, so that the vibrations of the ultrasonic vibrators on both sides are more easily concentrated in the central processing area, which has the function of transmitting the vibration to the center, so that the amplitude is concentrated in the workpiece processing area, reducing the vibration energy loss and improving the vibration effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the rotary ultrasonic vibration assisted electrolytic machining system in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of part A;

[0030] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of part B;

[0031] Figure 4 is an admittance circle diagram of an ultrasonic vibrator in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 is an impedance curve diagram of an ultrasonic vibrator in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 is an amplitude diagram of the cathode head end surface in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a simulation vibration shape diagram of a main shaft connecting rod and a cathode rod in a separate layout and connected by a conductive rubber sleeve in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 This is the vibration shape diagram of the integrated layout of the main shaft connecting rod and the cathode rod.

[0036] In the figure: 1-spindle rotation direction, 2-machine tool spindle, 3-conductive slip ring, 4-spindle connecting rod, 5-ultrasonic vibrator, 6-conductive rubber sleeve, 7-amplifier, 71-connecting part, 8-cathode rod, 9-insulating ceramic, 10-cathode head, 11-spindle feeding direction, 12-workpiece, 13-ultrasonic generator, 14-electrolyte, 15-ultrasonic vibration direction, 16-electrolysis product, 17-electrolysis DC power supply, 18-electrolyte flow channel, 19-tightening nut. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a rotary ultrasonic vibration assisted electrolytic machining system and method to solve the problems existing in the prior art, improve the electrolyte circulation renewal effect in the machining area, improve machining efficiency, ensure machining accuracy and surface quality, and enable ultrasonic vibration to be concentratedly transmitted to the workpiece machining area to reduce energy loss.

[0039] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0040] Embodiment 1

[0041] like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment provides a rotary ultrasonic vibration assisted electrolytic machining system, including a machine tool spindle 2, a conductive slip ring 3, an ultrasonic generator 13, an electrolytic DC power supply 17 and an ultrasonic vibration device, the ultrasonic vibration device including a spindle connecting rod 4, an ultrasonic vibrator 5, a conductive rubber sleeve 6, a horn 7, a cathode rod 8 and a cathode head 10;

[0042] The stator of the conductive slip ring 3 is fixed on the machine tool, and the stator terminals are respectively connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the ultrasonic generator 13; the rotor of the conductive slip ring 3 is fixed on the main shaft 2 of the machine tool, and the rotor terminals are respectively connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the ultrasonic vibrator 5;

[0043] The spindle connecting rod 4 is coaxially fixed to the machine tool spindle 2, the horn 7 is fixed to the spindle connecting rod 4 and fixedly connected to the ultrasonic vibrator 5, the lower end of the spindle connecting rod 4 is connected to the upper end of the cathode rod 8 through the conductive rubber sleeve 6, and the cathode head 10 is fixed to the lower end of the cathode rod 8; the lower end of the horn 7 is connected to the cathode rod 8, and is used to transmit the vibration to the cathode head 10 through the cathode rod 8;

[0044] The main shaft connecting rod 4, the conductive rubber sleeve 6, the cathode rod 8 and the cathode head 10 are internally connected to form an electrolyte flow channel 18;

[0045] The positive electrode of the electrolytic DC power supply 17 is connected to the workpiece 12 , and the negative electrode is connected to the machine tool spindle 2 .

[0046] During operation, the electrolyte is ejected from the cathode head 10 through the machine tool spindle 2, the spindle connecting rod 4, the conductive rubber sleeve 6 and the cathode rod 8, and acts on the surface of the workpiece. The conductive slip ring 3 ensures that the ultrasonic vibration device rotates synchronously with the machine tool spindle 2, realizing the rotational ultrasonic vibration of the spindle and the central liquid supply. The electrolytic DC power supply 17 provides electrical energy to meet the requirements of high-intensity energy field and high-efficiency processing. The ultrasonic vibrator 5 (i.e., ultrasonic transducer) converts the high-frequency electrical oscillation signal generated by the ultrasonic generator 13 into high-frequency mechanical vibration. The amplitude is amplified by the horn 7 and transmitted to the cathode head 10, so that the tool electrode generates high-frequency vibration to realize ultrasonic vibration-assisted electrolytic processing.

[0047] This system uses central liquid supply to force the electrolyte in the processing gap to exchange with the outside world, improve the electrolyte circulation and renewal effect in the processing area, and can timely discharge the insoluble products in the processing gap to ensure the normal electrolysis. It can also timely remove the heat generated by electrolysis to prevent heat accumulation in the processing area, thereby improving processing efficiency and ensuring processing accuracy and surface quality. It is especially suitable for processing deep grooves or deep holes.

[0048] During the machining process, the electrolytic product 16 is forced to move under the action of ultrasonic cavitation, and the machined surface is continuously micro-polished, and the oxide film produced by anodization on the surface of the workpiece 12 is promptly removed, thereby improving the efficiency and surface quality of the electrolytic machining. The ultrasonic cavitation effect is also conducive to the circulation and renewal of the electrolyte, taking away excess electrolytic products 16, and improving the surface quality of the electrolytic machining.

[0049] In order to transfer most of the amplitude to the processing area and reduce the vibration energy loss, the main shaft connecting rod 4 and the cathode rod 8 are softly connected by a conductive rubber sleeve 6. The conductive rubber sleeve 6 has the functions of passing electrolyte and conducting electricity. If an ordinary rubber tube is used, there is no direct conduction between the main shaft connecting rod 4 and the cathode rod 8, but there is a potential difference, which will cause the cathode rod 8 to be electrolytically corroded. The main shaft connecting rod 4 and the cathode rod 8 adopt a split structure and are connected by a conductive rubber sleeve 6. There are three considerations: first, it is equivalent to shortening the length of the cathode rod 8 in disguise, reducing the weight of the cathode rod 8, making vibration more likely to occur; second, it is convenient for assembly. If the two are made into one, accessories such as insulating ceramics and nuts will be difficult to install; third, it suppresses the upward transmission of the amplitude and reduces the vibration energy loss.

[0050] like Figure 7 As shown, it is a simulation vibration diagram of the main shaft connecting rod 4 and the cathode rod 8 in this scheme, which are arranged separately and connected by a conductive rubber sleeve 6. Figure 8 This is the vibration mode diagram of the integrated layout of the main shaft connecting rod 4 and the cathode rod 8, and the peak-to-peak value of the simulated voltage of both is 200V.

[0051] Figure 7 The characteristic frequency of the ultrasonic vibration device is 42673 Hz, and the peak amplitude of the end face of the cathode head 10 is 23.283 μm; Figure 8 The characteristic frequency is 42145Hz, and the peak amplitude of the cathode head 10 end surface is 15.347μm (the characteristic frequency of the device is related to its own structure). Figure 8 In the figure, the middle part of the horn 7 has obvious vibration, indicating that the vibration loss is large; Figure 7 In the case of vibration, the vibration basically stays in the lower part of the conductive rubber sleeve 6, and the vibration loss is relatively Figure 8 Therefore, separating the main shaft connecting rod 4 from the cathode rod 8 and connecting them with a conductive rubber sleeve 6 can greatly reduce the vibration loss and increase the amplitude of the cathode head end face.

[0052] The spindle connecting rod 4 is connected to the machine tool spindle 2 through a water stop chuck and a nut, and is fixed to the amplitude change rod 7 through a clamping nut 19. Specifically, a connecting portion 71 is fixedly provided in the middle of the amplitude change rod 7, and the top of the connecting portion 71 is sleeved on the bottom of the spindle connecting rod 4, and the connecting portion 71 is pressed against the step at the bottom of the spindle connecting rod 4 through the clamping nut 19. In order to prevent the ultrasonic generator 13 from interfering with the electrolytic DC power supply 17, thereby affecting the processing, the system is provided with an insulating sleeve, such as an epoxy resin sleeve, between the rotor of the conductive slip ring 3 and the machine tool spindle 2, so that the conductive slip ring 3 and the machine tool spindle 2 are insulated; an insulating layer, such as a resin insulating layer, is coated on the outer surface of the amplitude change rod 7; an insulating ceramic 9 is provided between the amplitude change rod 7 and the cathode rod 8 and the cathode head 10, and a certain gap is left between the amplitude change rod 7 and the cathode rod 8, and the cathode head 10 presses and fixes the amplitude change rod 7 between the two insulating ceramics 9, and presses the amplitude change rod 7 and the two insulating ceramics 9 to the cathode rod 8, so that the horn 7 is insulated from the cathode rod 8 and the cathode head 10; an insulating ceramic 9 is provided between the horn 7 and the spindle connecting rod 4, and a certain gap is left between the two, and an insulating ceramic 9 is provided between the horn 7 and the clamping nut 19, and the horn 7 is clamped and fixed between the two insulating ceramics 9 by the clamping nut 19, so that the horn 7 is insulated from the spindle connecting rod 4; the horn 7 is set as a V-shaped horn, and the ultrasonic vibrator 5 is distributed at the upper two ends of the V-shaped horn, and the ultrasonic vibrators 5 at the two ends are connected in parallel to prevent the electrolyte in the tube electrode from seeping into the ultrasonic vibrator 5 and causing a short circuit. This system insulates the tool electrode and the horn 7, so that the currents of the two do not interfere with each other, and a larger processing voltage can be applied.

[0053] This system is used for electrolytic machining. The neutral salt solution used in the machining and the salt mist generated are both corrosive to a certain extent, so the device is required to have corrosion resistance. Among them, the outer shell of the conductive slip ring 3, the main shaft connecting rod 4, the cathode rod 8, and the cathode head 10 are made of corrosion-resistant metal materials, such as stainless steel; the surface of the horn 7 is subjected to black oxidation treatment, and then the insulating layer is coated after the black oxidation treatment; the black oxidation treatment is mainly to prevent the salt solution from rusting the horn 7, and the insulating layer is to prevent the insulation performance from being reduced when the electrolyte splashes into the gap between the insulating ceramic 9, the cathode rod 8 and the horn 7. It is a safety measure, and the insulating layer can also play a role in rust prevention.

[0054] The amplitude of the cathode head 10 can be adjusted by adjusting the power of the ultrasonic generator 13 and changing the specifications of the ultrasonic vibrator 5 .

[0055] In this system, the cathode head 10 can be customized in different shapes and sizes according to processing requirements.

[0056] Figure 4 is the admittance circle diagram of the ultrasonic vibrator 5 in this system, Figure 5It is the impedance curve of the ultrasonic vibrator 5 in this system. The quality of the assembly state of the ultrasonic vibrator 5 and the horn 7 can be judged based on the roundness of the admittance circle. As can be seen from the figure, the roundness of the admittance circle of the ultrasonic vibrator 5 is very regular, indicating that the assembly between the ultrasonic vibrator 5 and the horn 7 is good and the operation is stable. The Q in the impedance curve of the ultrasonic vibrator 5 m Q stands for electromechanical quality factor, which is the ratio of the resonant frequency of the vibrator to its bandwidth. It is used to measure the damping characteristics and frequency selectivity of the vibrator. A high quality factor means that the vibrator loses energy more slowly and the vibration can continue for a longer time. m It reached 1064.1, indicating that the vibration loss is very small and can meet the needs of ultrasonic vibration.

[0057] Figure 6 This is the end face amplitude diagram of the cathode head 10 in this system. The peak-to-peak value of the test voltage is 200V, the operating frequency is 41847Hz, the length of the cathode head 10 is 20mm, and the measured peak-to-peak value of the amplitude is 6.3μm. If the amplitude of the cathode head 10 is to be increased, it can be achieved by increasing the test voltage and appropriately reducing the length of the cathode head 10.

[0058] Embodiment 2

[0059] This embodiment provides a rotary ultrasonic vibration assisted electrolytic machining method, based on the rotary ultrasonic vibration assisted electrolytic machining system described in the first embodiment, comprising the following steps:

[0060] Step 1: Fix the workpiece in the processing area, move the X-axis and Y-axis of the machine tool to make the cathode head 10 at the predetermined processing position of the workpiece, and then adjust the Z-axis to determine the initial processing gap between the cathode head 10 and the workpiece;

[0061] Step 2: Connect the machine tool spindle to the negative pole of the electrolytic DC power supply 17, connect the workpiece to the positive pole of the electrolytic DC power supply 17, open the valve, and the electrolyte passes through the machine tool spindle 2, the spindle connecting rod 4, the conductive rubber sleeve 6 and the cathode rod 8, and is ejected from the cathode head 10 to act on the surface of the workpiece;

[0062] Step 3: Turn on the ultrasonic generator 13, the vibration generated by the ultrasonic vibrator 5 is transmitted to the cathode rod 8 through the horn 7, and further transmitted to the cathode head 10, so that the cathode head 10 generates longitudinal ultrasonic vibration;

[0063] Step 4: Turn on the electrolytic DC power supply 17, run the machine tool processing program, and the machine tool spindle 2 rotates while moving along the feed direction to achieve ultrasonic vibration-assisted electrolytic processing.

[0064] Among them, in step one, the initial processing gap should not be too large, otherwise the electric field between the cathode and the workpiece will be weakened, the processing current will decrease, and the processing efficiency will be reduced. At the same time, it should not be too small, otherwise the processing products and electrolyte will be difficult to discharge, thereby affecting the processing accuracy.

[0065] During electrolytic machining, when the tool cathode feed is equal to the workpiece anode removal, the gap between the tool and the workpiece remains unchanged, which is called the balance gap. When the initial machining gap is larger than the balance gap, the current at the end of the tube electrode is small, and the anode workpiece material removal is smaller than the tool feed, resulting in a gradual decrease in the machining gap and a gradual increase in the current until the balance gap is reached; vice versa.

[0066] Generally speaking, when the initial machining gap is transformed into the balanced gap, the current tends to rise / fall, which causes the machining size to change. This is unacceptable for high-precision machining, so the initial machining gap should be as close to the balanced gap as possible. The initial machining gap is generally 0.1-0.5mm.

[0067] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A rotary ultrasonic vibration assisted electrochemical machining system, characterized in that: It includes a machine tool spindle, a conductive slip ring, an ultrasonic generator, an electrolytic DC power supply and an ultrasonic vibration device, wherein the ultrasonic vibration device includes a spindle connecting rod, an ultrasonic vibrator, a conductive rubber sleeve, a horn, a cathode rod and a cathode head; The stator of the conductive slip ring is fixed on the machine tool, and the stator terminals are respectively connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the ultrasonic generator; the rotor of the conductive slip ring is fixed on the main shaft of the machine tool, and the rotor terminals are respectively connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the ultrasonic vibrator; The spindle connecting rod is coaxially fixed to the spindle of the machine tool, the amplitude rod is fixed to the spindle connecting rod and is fixedly connected to the ultrasonic vibrator, the lower end of the spindle connecting rod is connected to the upper end of the cathode rod through the conductive rubber sleeve, and the cathode head is fixed to the lower end of the cathode rod; the lower end of the amplitude rod is connected to the cathode rod, so as to transmit vibration to the cathode head through the cathode rod; The main shaft connecting rod, the conductive rubber sleeve, the cathode rod and the cathode head are internally connected to form an electrolyte flow channel; The positive electrode of the electrolytic DC power supply is connected to the workpiece, and the negative electrode is connected to the main shaft of the machine tool.

2. The rotary ultrasonic vibration assisted electrochemical machining system according to claim 1, characterized in that: An insulating sleeve is provided between the rotor of the conductive slip ring and the main shaft of the machine tool.

3. The rotary ultrasonic vibration assisted electrochemical machining system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The amplitude transformer is a V-shaped amplitude transformer, and the ultrasonic vibrators are distributed at both ends of the upper part of the V-shaped amplitude transformer.

4. The rotary ultrasonic vibration assisted electrochemical machining system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the horn is subjected to black oxidation treatment.

5. The rotary ultrasonic vibration assisted electrochemical machining system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the horn is coated with an insulating layer.

6. The rotary ultrasonic vibration assisted electrochemical machining system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Insulating ceramics are provided between the amplitude changing rod and the cathode rod, and insulating ceramics are provided between the amplitude changing rod and the main shaft connecting rod.

7. The rotary ultrasonic vibration assisted electrochemical machining system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell of the conductive slip ring, the main shaft connecting rod, the cathode rod and the cathode head are made of corrosion-resistant metal materials.

8. A method for electrochemical machining assisted by rotary ultrasonic vibration, characterized in that: The rotary ultrasonic vibration assisted electrochemical machining system according to any one of claims 1 to 7 comprises the following steps: Step 1: fix the workpiece in the processing area, move the X-axis and Y-axis of the machine tool to make the cathode head at the predetermined processing position of the workpiece, and then adjust the Z-axis to determine the initial processing gap between the cathode head and the workpiece; Step 2: Connect the machine tool spindle to the negative electrode of the electrolytic DC power supply, connect the workpiece to the positive electrode of the electrolytic DC power supply, open the valve, and the electrolyte passes through the machine tool spindle, the spindle connecting rod, the conductive rubber sleeve and the cathode rod, and is ejected from the cathode head to act on the surface of the workpiece; Step 3: Turn on the ultrasonic generator, and the vibration generated by the ultrasonic vibrator is transmitted to the cathode rod through the horn, and further transmitted to the cathode head, so that the cathode head generates longitudinal ultrasonic vibration; Step 4: Turn on the electrolytic DC power supply and run the machine tool processing program. The machine tool spindle rotates and moves along the feed direction to achieve ultrasonic vibration-assisted electrolytic processing.

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