Gas cut monitoring experiment device and method suitable for different well types

Abstract

The invention discloses a gas cut monitoring experiment device and method suitable for different well types, and belongs to the field of petroleum and natural gas and drilling engineering. And an experimental scheme can be provided for simulating gas cut monitoring under different working conditions. The device comprises a variable frequency pump, an air compressor, an oil pipe, a sleeve, a variable guide pipe, a heating pipe, a power supply lithium battery, a pulse generator, a driving module, a central control module, a coding module and a pressure sensor. The variable guide pipe provides power through the motor to drive the cylindrical gear to rotate so as to adjust the well bore structure, the heating pipe adjusts the well bottom temperature, and the variable frequency pump can adjust the pump speed so as to control the well bottom pressure. Compared with a traditional gas cut monitoring experiment device, the gas cut monitoring experiment device can control different well body structures, can simulate pipeline inclination angles of 0-90 degrees, different bottom hole pressures and temperatures and different gas cut rates, covers all well types, and has the advantages of being convenient to operate, safe, reliable, capable of reducing experiment cost and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of petroleum drilling, and in particular relates to a gas intrusion monitoring experimental device and method suitable for different well types. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous growth of demand for oil and gas resources, oil and gas exploration and development have gradually expanded to deep, deepwater / ultra-deepwater, and unconventional shale oil and gas resources. The drilling conditions have gradually become more complex: high temperature and high pressure downhole, variable reservoir types, narrow pressure windows, and complex well types. The difficulty of controlling the wellbore pressure during drilling and completion under the interaction of multiple factors has increased, and the risk of gas invasion accidents has increased. Accurate calculation of the wellbore pressure can accurately control the wellbore pressure under complex conditions, and higher accuracy is required for the wellbore multiphase flow model. In-depth revelation of the multiphase flow law in the wellbore and development of a highly adaptable wellbore transient multiphase flow model are of great significance for blowout process analysis, well killing plan formulation, and fine control of wellbore pressure. In order to ensure that the multiphase flow model is more realistic, most of these models are based on limited experimental conditions and have a strong dependence on experimental data information. However, traditional experimental equipment is easily restricted by fixed well types and cannot simulate the sudden overflow of the bottom of the well under complex wellbore structures.

[0003] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a gas invasion monitoring experimental device and method suitable for different well types, which can simulate the change law of bottom hole pressure when gas invasion occurs in vertical wells, horizontal wells, inclined wells, different well depths and different gas invasion rates. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a gas invasion monitoring experimental device and method suitable for different well types, which can replace the existing early gas invasion monitoring experiments, control different wellbore structures, simulate the real bottom hole overflow situation, reduce the experimental cost and improve the reliability of experimental data.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A gas invasion monitoring experimental device suitable for different well types mainly includes: a mud input system, a variable casing system, a pipe string system, a winch system, a gas invasion simulation system, a derrick platform, a tubing elevator, a drainage pool, a receiving device, a heating pipe, a secondary flow valve, a drainage pipe, and an experimental well; the derrick platform is fixed above the experimental well; the mud input system is fixed on the upper surface of the derrick platform; the variable casing system is installed below the derrick platform; the pipe string system is located inside the variable casing system; the winch system is installed on the lower surface of the derrick platform; the receiving device is fixed on the upper surface of the derrick platform; the gas invasion simulation system is installed on the left side of the receiving device and passes through the derrick platform; the mud input system includes a mud tank, an oil inlet pipe, a variable frequency pump, and an oil outlet pipe; the left end of the oil inlet pipe is connected to the mud tank, and the right end is connected to the variable frequency pump; the right end of the variable frequency pump is connected to the oil outlet pipe.

[0006] The variable casing system includes a primary casing, a variable guide tube, and a secondary casing; the upper part of the primary casing is fixed to the lower surface of the derrick platform; the upper part of the primary casing is fixed to the lower surface of the derrick platform; the lower part of the primary casing is connected to the variable guide tube; the end of the variable guide tube is connected to the secondary casing; a heating tube is installed on the inner side of the secondary casing; the primary casing and the drainage tank are connected through a drainage pipe; a secondary flow valve is installed on the drainage pipe, and the end is connected to the drainage tank.

[0007] The pipe string system includes an experimental oil pipe; the oil outlet pipe is connected to the experimental oil pipe; the experimental oil pipe passes through the oil pipe elevator and is fixed in the oil pipe elevator; a pulse receiver is connected in the middle of the experimental oil pipe, and a power supply lithium battery is connected at the end of the experimental oil pipe; the right end of the power supply lithium battery is connected to a pulse generator, a drive module, a central control module, an encoding module, and a pressure sensor in sequence; and the end of the pressure sensor is connected to a drill bit.

[0008] The winch system comprises a winch; a rope is wound around the winch; a lifting ring is installed on the rope; and the lifting ring is welded to the outside of the secondary casing.

[0009] The gas intrusion simulation system includes an air compressor; the air compressor is fixed on the upper surface of the derrick platform, and the air outlet pipe is connected to the bottom of the air compressor; the air outlet pipe passes through the derrick platform; the lower end of the air outlet pipe is sequentially connected to a primary flow valve, a gas storage tank, a flow meter, an upper joint, a hose, and a lower joint; the lower joint is welded to the surface of the secondary casing.

[0010] The variable guide tube includes a first-level guide tube; the first-level guide tube is connected to the first-level sleeve at the top; a first-level large cylindrical gear is fixed at the bottom of the first-level guide tube; the first-level large cylindrical gear is meshed with the first-level small cylindrical gear; the first-level small cylindrical gear is connected to a first-level motor; the first-level motor is fixed on the surface of the second-level guide tube; a second-level large cylindrical gear is fixed at the bottom of the second-level guide tube; the second-level large cylindrical gear is meshed with the second-level small cylindrical gear; the second-level small cylindrical gear is connected to a second-level motor; the second-level motor is fixed on the surface of the third-level guide tube; a third-level large cylindrical gear is fixed at the bottom of the third-level guide tube; the third-level large cylindrical gear is meshed with the third-level small cylindrical gear; the third-level small cylindrical gear is connected to a third-level motor; the third-level motor is fixed on the surface of the fourth-level guide tube; the fourth-level guide tube is connected to the second-level sleeve at the bottom.

[0011] A gas invasion monitoring method applicable to different well types comprises the following steps: Step 1: The variable frequency pump pumps out the mud in the mud tank by pressurizing. The mud enters the experimental oil pipe through the oil outlet pipe, and then flows out of the drill bit to circulate to the annulus. When the mud returns to the top of the annulus, it enters the drainage pool through the drainage pipe. The secondary flow valve is used to adjust the flow rate of the discharged mud. At the same time, the variable frequency pump is used to adjust the frequency and pressure, thereby controlling the bottom hole pressure. Step 2: Turn on the air compressor, and the gas enters the casing through the outlet pipe, the primary flow valve, the gas storage tank, and the hose. The primary flow valve and the flow meter are used to control the gas flow entering the casing to simulate different gas intrusion rates; Step 3: By adjusting the variable guide tube to control the casing rotation angle, the secondary casing rotates upward or downward as the angle of the variable guide tube changes. At this time, the winch shortens or stretches the winch rope as the secondary casing rotates upward or downward, and finally the wellbore changes between 0°-90°; Step 4: Turn on the heating pipe to heat the mud in the wellbore, and set the corresponding temperature according to different bottom hole pressures; Step 5: Taking well depth, vertical well, horizontal well, inclined well, and gas invasion rate as basic references, change one of the conditions each time, keep the other conditions unchanged, use the bottom hole pressure data measured by the pressure sensor and transmit the mud pulse signal to the receiving device for decoding and analysis. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the variable sleeve system of the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the variable guide tube of the present invention in a vertical state; In the figure: 1-derrick platform, 2-mud tank, 3-oil inlet pipe, 4-frequency conversion pump, 5-oil outlet pipe, 6-oil pipe elevator, 7-drainage pool, 8-air compressor, 9-receiving device, 10-air outlet pipe, 11-winch, 12-primary flow valve, 13-air storage tank, 14-flow meter, 15-upper joint, 16-hose, 17-lower joint, 18-drill bit, 19-pressure sensor, 20-encoding module, 21-central control module, 22-drive module, 23-pulse generator, 24-power supply lithium battery, 25-variable guide tube, 26-heating tube, 27-lifting ring, 28-twisted rope, 29-pulse receiver, 30-experimental oil pipe, 31-secondary flow Measuring valve, 32-drainage pipe, 33-experimental well, 34-primary casing, 35-secondary casing, 2501-primary guide pipe, 2502-primary large cylindrical gear, 2503-primary small cylindrical gear, 2504-primary motor, 2505-secondary guide pipe, 2506-secondary large cylindrical gear, 2507-secondary small cylindrical gear, 2508-secondary motor, 2509-third-level guide pipe, 2510-third-level large cylindrical gear, 2511-third-level small cylindrical gear, 2512-third-level motor, 2513-fourth-level guide pipe, a-mud input system, b-variable casing system, c-pipe string system, d-winch system, e-gas invasion simulation system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0014] According to the attached Figure 1 To Attachment Figure 3As shown, a gas invasion monitoring experimental device and method suitable for different well types include: a mud input system a, a variable casing system b, a pipe string system c, a winch system d, a gas invasion simulation system e, a derrick platform 1, a tubing elevator 6, a drainage pool 7, a receiving device 9, a heating pipe 26, a secondary flow valve 31, a drainage pipe 32, and an experimental well 33; the derrick platform 1 is fixed above the experimental well 33; the mud input system a is fixed on the upper surface of the derrick platform 1; the variable casing system b is installed below the derrick platform 1; the pipe string system c is located inside the variable casing system b; the winch system d is installed on the lower surface of the derrick platform 1; the gas invasion simulation system e is installed on the left side of the receiving device 9 and passes through the derrick platform 1; The mud input system a includes a mud tank 2, an oil inlet pipe 3, a variable frequency pump 4, and an oil outlet pipe 5; the left end of the oil inlet pipe 3 is connected to the mud tank 2, and the right end is connected to the variable frequency pump 4; the right end of the variable frequency pump 4 is connected to the oil outlet pipe 5, and the variable frequency pump 4 extracts the mud in the mud tank 2 and transports it to the oil outlet pipe 5; the variable casing system b includes a primary casing 34, a variable guide pipe 25, and a secondary casing 35; the lower part of the primary casing 34 is connected to the variable guide pipe 25; the end of the variable guide pipe 25 is connected to the secondary casing 35; a heating pipe 26 is installed inside the secondary casing 35 to heat The outside of the pipe 26 is connected by a cable, and the bottom hole temperature is adjusted by adjusting the power of the heating pipe 26; the primary casing 34 and the drainage pool 7 are connected by a drainage pipe 32; a secondary flow valve 31 is installed on the drainage pipe 32, and the end is connected to the drainage pool 7, and the bottom hole pressure is further adjusted by adjusting the opening of the secondary flow valve 31 and the frequency of the variable frequency pump 4; the pipe string system c includes an experimental oil pipe 30; the oil outlet pipe 5 is connected to the experimental oil pipe 30; the experimental oil pipe 30 passes through the oil pipe elevator 6 and is fixed in the oil pipe elevator 6; the middle of the experimental oil pipe 30 is connected to a pulse connection The receiver 29 is connected to the end of the experimental oil pipe 30, and the power supply lithium battery 24 is connected to the pulse generator 23, the driving module 22, the central control module 21, the encoding module 20, and the pressure sensor 19 in sequence at the right end of the power supply lithium battery 24, and the power supply lithium battery 24 supplies power to each of the above modules; the end of the pressure sensor 19 is connected to the drill bit 18; the pressure sensor 19 measures the annular pressure at the bottom of the well in real time, and stores the data in the encoding module 20, the encoding module 20 processes the data and sends it to the central control module 21, and the central control module 21 controls the driving module according to the specified protocol 22, the driving module 22 drives the pulse generator 23 with an electric pulse signal to generate a mud pressure pulse, the pulse generator 23 transmits the mud pulse signal to the pulse receiver 29, the pulse receiver 29 performs detection and filtering on the mud pulse signal, filters out the interference of noise, and sends it to the receiving device 9 through a cable to realize real-time display of pressure; the winch system d includes a winch 11; the winch 11 is wound with a rope 28; the rope 28 is installed with a lifting ring 27, and the winch system d releases or pulls back the rope 28 as the angle of the variable casing system b changes;The lifting ring 27 is welded to the outside of the secondary casing 35; the gas intrusion simulation system e includes an air compressor 8; the air compressor 8 is fixed on the upper surface of the derrick platform 1, and the air compressor 8 compresses the external air into the mechanism; the air compressor 8 is connected to the outlet pipe 10 below; the outlet pipe 10 passes through the derrick platform 1, and the tail end is connected with a primary flow valve 12, a gas storage tank 13, a flow meter 14, an upper joint 15, a hose 16, and a lower joint 17 in sequence; the lower joint 17 is welded to the surface of the secondary casing 35, and the gas flow in the outlet pipe 10 is controlled by adjusting the opening of the primary flow valve 12; the variable guide pipe 25 includes a primary guide pipe 2501; the primary guide pipe 2501 is connected to the primary casing 34 at the top and is fixed at the bottom There is a first-stage large cylindrical gear 2502; the first-stage large cylindrical gear 2502 is meshed with a first-stage small cylindrical gear 2503; the first-stage small cylindrical gear 2503 is connected to a first-stage motor 2504; the first-stage motor 2504 is fixed on the surface of a second-stage guide tube 2505; a second-stage large cylindrical gear 2506 is fixed below the second-stage guide tube 2505; the second-stage large cylindrical gear 2506 is meshed with a second-stage small cylindrical gear 2507; the second-stage small cylindrical gear 2507 is connected to a second-stage motor 2508; the second-stage motor 2508 is fixed on the surface of a third-stage guide tube 2509; a third-stage large cylindrical gear 2510 is fixed below the third-stage guide tube 2509; the third-stage large cylindrical gear 2510 is meshed with a third-stage small cylindrical gear 2 511 is meshed; the three-stage small cylindrical gear 2511 is connected to the three-stage motor 2512; the three-stage motor 2512 is fixed on the surface of the four-stage guide tube 2513; the four-stage guide tube 2513 is connected with the two-stage sleeve 35 below; the first-stage motor 2504 is controlled to rotate and then the first-stage small cylindrical gear 2503 is controlled to rotate, and the two-stage guide tube 2505, the three-stage guide tube 2509, and the four-stage guide tube 2513 are driven to rotate through the first-stage large cylindrical gear 2502. Since the connecting part between the first-stage guide tube 2501 and the two-stage guide tube 2505 is an inclined plane, the angle between the first-stage guide tube 2501 and the two-stage guide tube 2505, the three-stage guide tube 2509, and the four-stage guide tube 2513 can be controlled by rotating at different angles; the two The second-stage motor 2508 rotates to control the rotation of the second-stage small cylindrical gear 2507, and drives the third-stage guide tube 2509 and the fourth-stage guide tube 2513 to rotate through the second-stage large cylindrical gear 2506. Since the connecting part between the second-stage guide tube 2505 and the third-stage guide tube 2509 is an inclined surface, the angle between the second-stage guide tube 2505 and the third-stage guide tube 2509 and the fourth-stage guide tube 2513 can be controlled by rotating at different angles; the third-stage motor 2512 is controlled to rotate to control the rotation of the third-stage small cylindrical gear 2511, and drives the fourth-stage guide tube 2513 to rotate through the third-stage large cylindrical gear 2510. Since the connecting part between the third-stage guide tube 2509 and the fourth-stage guide tube 2513 is a plane, the experimental oil pipe 30 and the second-stage casing 35 can be ensured to be coaxial;Finally, the angle change of the variable sleeve system b is achieved. ;

[0015] The use steps of the present invention are described in detail: the variable frequency pump 4 extracts the mud in the mud tank 2 by pressurizing, and the mud enters the experimental oil pipe 30 through the oil outlet pipe 5, and then flows out from the drill bit 18 to circulate to the annulus. When the mud returns to the top of the annulus, it enters the drainage tank 7 through the drainage pipe 32. The secondary flow valve 31 is used to adjust the flow rate of the discharged mud, and the variable frequency pump 4 is used to adjust the frequency and pressure, thereby controlling the bottom hole pressure; turn on the air compressor 8, and the gas enters the casing through the outlet pipe 10, the primary flow valve 12, the gas storage tank 13, and the hose 16. The primary flow valve 12 and the flow meter 14 are used to control the gas flow entering the casing to simulate different gas invasion rates; by adjusting The variable guide tube 25 controls the casing rotation angle, and the secondary casing 35 rotates upward or downward as the angle of the variable guide tube 25 changes. At this time, the winch 11 shortens or lengthens the winch rope 28 as the secondary casing 35 rotates upward or downward, and finally the wellbore changes between 0°-90°; the heating tube 26 is turned on to heat the mud in the wellbore, and the corresponding temperature is set according to different bottom hole pressures; with the well depth, vertical well, horizontal well, inclined well, gas invasion rate, as the basic reference basis, one of the conditions is changed each time, and the other conditions are kept unchanged, and the bottom hole pressure data measured by the pressure sensor 19 is transmitted to the receiving device 9 by the mud pulse signal for decoding and analysis.

Claims

1. A gas intrusion monitoring experimental device suitable for different well types, characterized by: The invention comprises a mud input system (a), a variable casing system (b), a pipe string system (c), a winch system (d), a gas invasion simulation system (e), a derrick platform (1), a tubing elevator (6), a drainage pool (7), a receiving device (9), a heating pipe (26), a secondary flow valve (31), a drainage pipe (32), and an experimental well (33); the derrick platform (1) is fixed above the experimental well (33); the mud input system (a) is fixed on the upper surface of the derrick platform (1); the variable casing system (b) is installed below the derrick platform (1); the pipe string system The system (c) is located inside the variable casing system (b); the winch system (d) is installed on the lower surface of the derrick platform (1); the receiving device (9) is fixed on the upper surface of the derrick platform (1); the gas invasion simulation system (e) is installed on the left side of the receiving device (9) and passes through the derrick platform (1); the mud input system (a) comprises a mud tank (2), an oil inlet pipe (3), a variable frequency pump (4), and an oil outlet pipe (5); the left end of the oil inlet pipe (3) is connected to the mud tank (2), and the right end is connected to the variable frequency pump (4); the right end of the variable frequency pump (4) is connected to the oil outlet pipe (5).

2. According to claim 1, a gas intrusion monitoring experimental device suitable for different well types is characterized by: The variable casing system (b) comprises a primary casing (34), a variable guide tube (25), and a secondary casing (35); the primary casing (34) is fixed on the lower surface of the derrick platform (1) at its upper part; the variable guide tube (25) is connected to the lower part of the primary casing (34); the end of the variable guide tube (25) is connected to the secondary casing (35); a heating tube (26) is installed inside the secondary casing (35); the primary casing (34) and the drainage tank (7) are connected via a drainage pipe (32); a secondary flow valve (31) is installed on the drainage pipe (32), and the end of the drainage pipe (32) is connected to the drainage tank (7).

3. A gas intrusion monitoring experimental device applicable to different well types according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pipe string system (c) comprises an experimental oil pipe (30); the oil outlet pipe (5) is connected to the experimental oil pipe (30); the experimental oil pipe (30) passes through the oil pipe hanger (6) and is fixed in the oil pipe hanger (6); the middle of the experimental oil pipe (30) is connected to a pulse receiver (29), and the end of the experimental oil pipe (30) is connected to a power supply lithium battery (24); the right end of the power supply lithium battery (24) is connected to a pulse generator (23), a drive module (22), a central control module (21), an encoding module (20), and a pressure sensor (19) in sequence; the end of the pressure sensor (19) is connected to a drill bit (18).

4. The gas intrusion monitoring experimental device applicable to different well types according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The winch system (d) comprises a winch (11); a winch rope (28) is wound around the winch (11); a lifting ring (27) is installed on the lifting rope (28); and the lifting ring (27) is welded to the outside of the secondary casing (35).

5. The gas intrusion monitoring experimental device applicable to different well types according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The gas intrusion simulation system (e) comprises an air compressor (8); the air compressor (8) is fixed on the upper surface of a derrick platform (1), and an air outlet pipe (10) is connected below the air compressor (8); the air outlet pipe (10) passes through the derrick platform (1); the lower end of the air outlet pipe (10) is sequentially connected to a primary flow valve (12), a gas storage tank (13), a flow meter (14), an upper joint (15), a hose (16), and a lower joint (17); the lower joint (17) is welded to the surface of a secondary casing (35).

6. The gas intrusion monitoring experimental device applicable to different well types according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The variable guide tube (25) comprises a primary guide tube (2501); the primary guide tube (2501) is connected to the primary sleeve (34) at the top; a primary large cylindrical gear (2502) is fixed below the primary guide tube (2501); the primary large cylindrical gear (2502) is meshed with a primary small cylindrical gear (2503); the primary small cylindrical gear (2503) is connected to a primary motor (2504); the primary motor (2504) is fixed on the surface of the secondary guide tube (2505); a secondary large cylindrical gear (2506) is fixed below the secondary guide tube (2505); the secondary large cylindrical gear (2506) is meshed with the primary small cylindrical gear (2503); The secondary small cylindrical gear (2507) is meshed; the secondary small cylindrical gear (2507) is connected to a secondary motor (2508); the secondary motor (2508) is fixed on the surface of a tertiary guide tube (2509); a tertiary large cylindrical gear (2510) is fixed below the tertiary guide tube (2509); the tertiary large cylindrical gear (2510) is meshed with a tertiary small cylindrical gear (2511); the tertiary small cylindrical gear (2511) is connected to a tertiary motor (2512); the tertiary motor (2512) is fixed on the surface of a tertiary guide tube (2513); and a secondary sleeve (35) is connected below the tertiary guide tube (2513).

7. A gas intrusion monitoring method applicable to different well types, characterized by: A gas intrusion monitoring experiment is performed using a gas intrusion monitoring experimental device suitable for different well types according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the following steps: Step 1: The variable frequency pump (4) pumps out the mud in the mud tank (2) by applying pressure. The mud enters the experimental oil pipe (30) through the oil outlet pipe (5), and then flows out from the drill bit (18) to circulate to the annulus. When the mud returns to the top of the annulus, it enters the drainage tank (7) through the drainage pipe (32). The secondary flow valve (31) is used to adjust the flow rate of the discharged mud. At the same time, the variable frequency pump (4) is used to adjust the frequency and pressure, thereby controlling the bottom hole pressure. Step 2: Turn on the air compressor (8), and the gas enters the casing through the outlet pipe (10), the primary flow valve (12), the gas storage tank (13), and the hose (16). The primary flow valve (12) and the flow meter (14) are used to control the gas flow entering the casing to simulate different gas intrusion rates; Step 3: By adjusting the variable guide tube (25) to control the casing rotation angle, the secondary casing (35) rotates upward or downward as the angle of the variable guide tube (25) changes. At this time, the winch (11) shortens or stretches the winch rope (28) as the secondary casing (35) rotates upward or downward, and finally the wellbore changes between 0° and 90°. Step 4: Turn on the heating pipe (26) to heat the mud in the wellbore, and set the corresponding temperature according to different bottom hole pressures; Step 5: Taking the well depth, vertical well, horizontal well, inclined well and gas invasion rate as basic references, one of the conditions is changed each time, while the other conditions remain unchanged, and the bottom hole pressure data measured by the pressure sensor (19) is transmitted to the receiving device (9) by the mud pulse signal for decoding and analysis.

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