Supporting device for underground space

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of underground space supporting, and particularly relates to a supporting device for underground space. Comprising a supporting column, a base is arranged under the supporting column, a supporting arm is hinged to the outer side wall of the upper half section of the supporting column, an inner bearing column is independently installed in the supporting column in a penetrating mode, supporting feet are hinged to the outer side wall of the lower half section of the supporting column, and a through hole communicating the inside and the outside is formed in the outer side of the supporting column; a connecting plate independent of the supporting column is arranged in the supporting column, the supporting legs are connected with pull ropes, and all the pull ropes penetrate through the through holes to be connected to the connecting plate. A connecting column is fixed to the lower end of the inner bearing column, and the lower end of the connecting column abuts against the top of the connecting plate. The supporting ends of the supporting legs abut against the top of the base. According to the invention, the purposes of synchronously completing the opening of the supporting plate and the locking of the height of the supporting column, reducing the operation steps, enabling the installation work of the supporting column to be more convenient, and improving the installation work efficiency are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of underground space support, and in particular relates to a support device for underground space. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization and the continuous increase in population density, the development and utilization of underground space has become an important direction for urban development. The construction of underground space can not only effectively alleviate the problem of urban land shortage, but also improve the comprehensive carrying capacity and operation efficiency of the city. Temporary support columns are often needed during the construction of underground space to support the construction environment of the workers and avoid landslides. Because of working in underground space, temporary support columns themselves need to have some of their due functions.

[0003] Being able to be used repeatedly is one of the necessary conditions; in addition, since the height of the underground space is fixed, the height adjustment function of the support column is also indispensable. It needs to support the top of the underground space from the bottom up; and stability, high flexibility and the ability to be quickly installed or disassembled are also necessary conditions, otherwise it will be difficult to meet market demand.

[0004] In the prior art, there are height-adjustable support columns. After the height is adjusted, the support column needs to be locked manually through a locking piece. Such a structure has poor stability, and manual locking will increase the number of work steps and reduce work efficiency. In other prior art, in order to increase the stability of the support column, a support plate is set at the upper end of the support column to increase the contact area with the top of the underground space, thereby improving stability. However, it also has high flexibility, that is, the ability to be folded, which is convenient for carrying. However, such a structure also means that it needs manual adjustment when it is stretched, which increases the number of work steps, and the foldable function cannot destroy its supporting capacity. When a support column has both the height locking function and the support plate stretching function, it is impossible to take both into account and complete the work synchronously. If the support plate stretching function and the height locking function are completed separately, the work efficiency will be reduced and the purpose of rapid installation cannot be achieved. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a supporting device for underground space, in which the height locking function and the support plate opening function are completed synchronously, thereby reducing manual operation and improving work efficiency during installation.

[0006] The support device for underground space described herein comprises a support column, the interior of the support column is a hollow structure, a base independent of the support column is arranged directly below the support column, and a limit assembly limited to the up and down movement of the support column is arranged between the base and the support column; at least two support arms are hinged on the outer wall of the upper half of the support column, and all the support arms swing inward and outward along the central direction of the support column, and the support arm comprises a supporting end and a force-bearing end; a through groove communicating with the inside and outside is opened on the support column corresponding to the force-bearing end of the support arm, and the force-bearing end of the support arm independently passes through the through groove and is located in the support column; an inner bearing column is independently installed in the support column above the force-bearing end of the corresponding support arm, and the lower end of the inner bearing column rests on the force-bearing end of the support arm;

[0007] At least three support legs are hinged on the outer wall of the lower half of the support column, and all the support legs swing inward and outward along the center direction of the support column. A through hole communicating with the inside and outside is opened on the outer side of the support column below the hinged end of the corresponding support leg, and a connecting plate independent of the through hole is arranged inside the support column corresponding to the through hole. The support legs are all connected with a draw rope, which is made of elastic material, and all the draw ropes are connected to the connecting plate through the through holes opposite to them; a connecting column is fixed at the lower end of the inner support column between the force-bearing ends of all the support arms, and the lower end of the connecting column rests on the top of the connecting plate;

[0008] The supporting ends of the supporting legs are all against the top of the base, and corresponding to each supporting leg, a limiting component for limiting the supporting end of the supporting leg is arranged on the top of the base.

[0009] Furthermore, the cross section of the support column is a rectangular structure.

[0010] Furthermore, there are four support arms which are respectively hinged on the front, rear, left and right outer side walls of the support column.

[0011] Furthermore, the supporting ends of the supporting arms are hinged with supporting plates that can swing along the center direction of the supporting column.

[0012] Furthermore, there are four supporting legs, which are respectively hinged on the front, rear, left and right side walls of the supporting column.

[0013] Furthermore, the base is in a "cross" shaped structure.

[0014] Furthermore, the limiting component includes a plurality of limiting blocks distributed sequentially from the outside to the inside, and all the limiting blocks are fixed on the top of the base.

[0015] Furthermore, the limiting assembly includes four limiting columns distributed in a rectangular shape, the four limiting columns are fixed on the top of the base, and four limiting sleeves for the limiting columns to be independently inserted are fixed on the outer wall of the support column, and the four limiting sleeves are respectively fixed at the corners of the outer wall of the support column.

[0016] Furthermore, a sealing plate is fixed to the lower end of the support column to seal it.

[0017] Furthermore, a limit frame is fixed inside the support column, a limit ring is sleeved on the connecting column above the corresponding limit frame, and a spring is installed between the limit ring and the limit frame to push the connecting column to move upward.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] The present invention receives pressure from the inner bearing column and transmits the pressure to the force-bearing end of the support arm, and moves the connecting plate downward through the connecting column. The force-bearing end of the support arm pushes the support plate upward under pressure; the connecting plate moves downward and pulls the supporting foot to swing inward to the position limited by the restricted block through the pull rope, thereby completing the height locking of the support column; thereby, the expansion of the support plate and the locking of the height of the support column are completed simultaneously, reducing the operating steps, making the installation of the support column more convenient, and improving the installation efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention:

[0021] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the main structure;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure at point A in the middle;

[0024] The names of the components in the figure are: 1. Support column; 2. Limiting ring; 3. Spring; 4. Limiting frame; 5. Second hinged seat; 6. Support foot; 7. Pull rope; 8. Closing plate; 9. Base; 10. Limiting column; 11. Limiting sleeve; 12. Connecting plate; 13. Billiard ball; 14. First hinged seat; 15. Support arm; 16. Support plate; 17. Top plate; 18. Rib plate; 19. Inner supporting column; 20. Connecting column; 21. Limiting block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention is further described below through specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] The supporting device for underground space described in this embodiment is as follows: Figures 1 to 3As shown, it includes a support column 1, the cross section of the support column 1 is a rectangular structure and the interior is a hollow structure, a base 9 independent of the support column 1 is arranged directly below the support column 1, and the support column 1 is located at the center of the base 9.

[0028] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, four rectangularly distributed limiting columns 10 are fixed on the top of the base 9, and four limiting sleeves 11 for the limiting columns 10 to be independently inserted are fixed on the outer wall of the support column 1. The four limiting sleeves 11 are respectively fixed at the corners of the outer wall of the support column 1. This section as a whole constitutes a limiting assembly for the support column 1 to move only up and down.

[0029] When in use, the lower end of the support column 1 is stabilized by four limit columns 10 to prevent it from running off. The limit columns 10 and the limit sleeve 11 do not have support capabilities, and only slide up and down, so that the lower end of the support column 1 can still be restricted after the support column 1 is raised. In addition, the four limit columns 10 are used to limit the four corners of the support column 1, leaving the lower end of the support column 1 and the top of the base 9 vacant, the purpose is to place a hydraulic jack or jack when in use to assist in lifting the support column 1. In addition, if there is enough space, the limit sleeve 11 can also be set at the inner four corners of the support column 1 to reduce interference with the external structure.

[0030] A sealing plate 8 is fixed to the lower end of the support column 1 to seal it; the sealing plate 8 seals the bottom of the support column 1 to facilitate hydraulic jacking or jacking.

[0031] Four support arms 15 are hinged on the outer side wall of the upper half of the support column 1, and are respectively hinged on the front, rear, left and right outer side walls of the support column 1. All support arms 15 swing inward and outward along the center direction of the support column 1, and the support arms 15 include a supporting end and a force-bearing end; corresponding to the force-bearing end of the support arm 15, a through slot communicating with the inside and outside is opened on the support column 1, and the force-bearing end of the support arm 15 independently passes through the through slot and is located in the support column 1.

[0032] During production, the support arm 15 is hinged on the support column 1 through the first hinge seat 14. The first hinge seat 14 is composed of two first hinge blocks distributed front and back. The two first hinge blocks are respectively located in the front and back or left and right sides of the through groove, and the hinge of the support arm 15 is located between the two first hinge blocks and is hinged through the first hinge column.

[0033] The hinge of the support arm 15 is provided with a mounting hole for passing through it, the first hinge column is installed in the mounting hole, and its two ends are independently installed in the hinge holes of the first hinge block, so that the support arm 15 swings. During production, the first hinge seat 14 and the support column 1 are integrally formed to improve the stability of the structure. In addition, the first hinge column needs to withstand a large amount of pressure, and its structure and material selection must have sufficient strength. The support arm 15 also needs to have strong structural strength.

[0034] An inner support column 19 is independently installed in the support column 1 above the force-bearing end of the corresponding support arm 15 , and the lower end of the inner support column 19 rests on the force-bearing end of the support arm 15 .

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, a top plate 17 is fixed to the upper end of the inner supporting column 19 to increase the contact area between the inner supporting column 19 and the top of the underground space and improve stability; in addition, a rib plate 18 is fixed between the top plate 17 and the inner supporting column 19 to improve the stability of the structure between the inner supporting column 19 and the top plate 17.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, the lower end of the inner support column 19 is provided with an oblique chamfer for leaning against the force-bearing end of the support arm 15; the force-bearing end of the support arm 15 is provided with a flat hook for buckling the inner support column 19.

[0037] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the supporting ends of the supporting arms 15 are hinged with a support plate 16 that can swing along the center direction of the supporting column 1. In production, the supporting ends of the supporting arms 15 are provided with hinge grooves, and a connecting block is fixed at the bottom of the support plate 16, and the connecting block is hinged in the groove through a rotating shaft. The support plate 16 helps to increase the contact area with the top of the underground space. At the same time, the hinged structure ensures that when the supporting arm 15 swings, the support plate 16 will not conflict with the inner top of the underground control.

[0038] The relationship between the inner support column 19 and the support arm 15 is as follows: when the upper end of the inner support column 19 is subjected to pressure, the pressure causes the inner support column 19 to move downward, and the lower end of the inner support column 19 presses on the force-bearing end of the support arm 15 to make it swing downward, then the support end of the support arm 15 swings upward, supporting the top of the underground space, providing a certain support, making the support of the support column 1 more stable. During transportation or handling, the support arm 15 can swing and fit with the support column 1, reducing space occupancy to a certain extent, which is more conducive to handling or transportation.

[0039] Four support legs 6 are hinged on the outer wall of the lower half of the support column 1. The four support legs 6 are hinged on the front, back, left and right side walls of the support column 1 respectively. All support legs 6 swing inward and outward along the center direction of the support column 1. The support legs 6 are hinged on the support column 1 through the second hinge seat 5. The second hinge seat 5 and the support legs 6 are connected through the second hinge column. The specific structure refers to the hinge structure between the support arm 15 and the first hinge seat 14. At the same time, the second hinge seat 5 and the support column 1 are an integrated structure to improve the stability of the structure. During production, the second hinge column needs to have a strong pressure resistance.

[0040] Below the hinged end of the corresponding support leg 6, a through hole communicating with the inside and outside is provided on the outer side of the support column 1. Corresponding to the through hole, a connecting plate 12 independent of the through hole is provided inside the support column 1. The support legs 6 are all connected with a pull rope 7, which is made of rubber, rubber or other elastic materials. All the pull ropes 7 are connected to the connecting plate 12 through the corresponding through holes. Four support legs 6 are each connected with a pull rope 7. The through holes are provided on the front, back, left and right side walls of the support column 1. The tension ends of the four pull ropes 7 penetrate the support column 1 and are located inside it. The tension ends of the four pull ropes 7 are all connected to the connecting plate 12. The connecting plate 12 is located at the center of the support column 1. The lengths of the four pull ropes 7 are connected. In use, the connecting plate 12 moves toward the through hole, and the support legs 6 swing inwards under the traction of the pull rope 7.

[0041] A freely rotating fixed pulley is installed on the lower hole wall of the through hole. During use, the pull rope 7 is located in the pulley groove, which can reduce the friction between the pull rope 7 and the through hole wall, and reduce the wear of the pull rope 7.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, a connecting column 20 is fixed at the lower end of the inner supporting column 19 between the force-bearing ends of all the supporting arms 15, and the lower end of the connecting column 20 is against the top of the connecting plate 12. When in use, the inner supporting column 19 is subjected to the pressure from the top of the underground space, and the connecting plate 12 is pressed downward through the connecting column 20, so that it moves downward, pulling the four supporting legs 6 to swing inward.

[0043] A billiard ball 13 is fixed to the lower end of the connecting column 20, and the connecting column 20 is pressed against the connecting plate 12 through the billiard ball 13. The top of the connecting plate 12 is arranged to be an arc surface that fits the connecting column 20 to prevent the connecting plate 12 from deviating.

[0044] like Figure 3 As shown, the supporting ends of the supporting legs 6 are both against the top of the base 9, and the base 9 is in a "cross" shape.

[0045] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, corresponding to each supporting foot 6, a number of limit blocks 21 are fixed on the top of the base 9 and are distributed in sequence from the outside to the inside. This section as a whole constitutes a limiting component for locking the lower end of the supporting foot 6. The base 9 includes a bottom plate and four ground support plates. The four ground support plates are fixed on the front, back, left and right side walls of the bottom plate, forming a "cross"-shaped structure as a whole. The connecting plates 12 are evenly spaced from the outside to the inside. When in use, after the supporting end of the supporting foot 6 swings inward, it rests on the corresponding limit block 21 to limit its movement outward. The limit block 21 can also be replaced with a limit groove, which is opened on the top of the ground support plate and is evenly spaced from the outside to the inside. When in use, the supporting end of the supporting foot 6 rests on the limit groove.

[0046] According to the principle of a right triangle, the vertical distance between the hinge of the supporting foot 6 and the base 9 is the first right-angled side, the horizontal distance between the limit block 21 and the limit column 10 is the second right-angled side, and the supporting foot 6 is the hypotenuse. When the supporting foot 6 swings inward, the limit block 21 on the inner side is closer to the limit column 10, which proves that the second right-angled side is more extreme and the angle between the supporting foot 6 and the supporting column 1 is smaller. When the length of the supporting foot 6 remains unchanged, the length of the first right-angled side increases, which proves that when the supporting foot 6 swings inward, the support column 1 rises higher, thereby achieving the purpose of adjusting the supporting height of the support column 1 to a certain extent.

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, a limit frame 4 is fixed inside the support column 1, and a limit ring 2 is mounted on the connection column 20 corresponding to the upper side of the limit frame 4. A spring 3 is installed between the limit ring 2 and the limit frame 4 to push the connection column 20 to move upward. When in use, the limit ring 2 drives the connection column 20 to move upward under the push of the spring 3, and the connection column 20 pushes the inner bearing column 19 to move upward. Therefore, the supporting force of the spring 3 in the natural state needs to be greater than the weight of the connection column 20, the limit ring 2, the inner bearing column 19 and the top plate 17. When the upper end of the inner bearing column 19 is against the top of the underground space, it moves downward to complete the subsequent functions.

[0048] In addition, during production, the inner frame size of the limiting frame 4 needs to be larger than the diameter of the billiard ball 13, so that the billiard ball 13 can pass through from top to bottom during installation.

[0049] Since the limiting column 10 is independently installed in the limiting sleeve 11, the base 9 can be freely disassembled from the support column 1, which is convenient for movement during work; at the same time, the inner bearing column 19 can also be taken out from the support column 1, which is convenient for movement before use. It is also very convenient to assemble the support column 1, the inner bearing column 19 and the base 9 after the tunnel work site. Simply insert the inner bearing column 19 from the upper end of the support column 1, align the four limiting columns 10 with the limiting sleeve 11, and then insert it into it. Due to the limited height of the underground space, the three are assembled horizontally during assembly. When the limiting column 10 is fully inserted into the limiting sleeve 11, the height of the inner bearing column 19 in the spring-supported state is lower than the height of the underground space.

[0050] In actual use:

[0051] After the preparation work is ready, one or two workers lift the support column 1 and place the hydraulic jack between the support column 1 and the base 9 between the four limit columns 10, or when the support column 1 and the base 9 are still in a horizontal state, place the hydraulic jack between the support column 1 and the base 9 during the assembly process. Start the hydraulic jacking to lift the support column 1. After reaching a certain height, the inner support column 19 rests against the inner top of the underground space, and the support column 1 does not stop. Through the compression of the spring 3, the support column 1 can continue to rise. At this time, since the inner support column 19 no longer rises with the support column 1, its lower end goes deep into the support column 1, and it contacts the force-bearing end of the support arm 15 and presses down, so that the four support arms 15 are stretched upward at the same time. At the same time, the inner support column 19 transmits the pressure to the connecting plate 12 through the connecting column 20, and the connecting plate 12 moves downward, and the four support legs 6 are swung inward by the pull rope 7 until the swing end of the support arm 15 swings to the same horizontal height as the upper end of the inner support column 19, and is jointly supported by the support arm 15 and the inner support column 19. There is no space for movement between the support column 1 and the inner support column 19, and the support column 1 cannot rise. At this time, the support foot 6 stays in place and is limited by the limit block 21. The support column 1 is supported by the four support feet 6; the overall working process is that the support column 1 is rising, and the support arm 15 is stretched open at the same time, and the support area is increased by using the support plate 16. At the same time, the support foot 6 swings inward. Because the pull rope 7 has a certain elasticity, the support end of the support foot 6 automatically rests on the limit block 21 on the inner side, completing the locking of the support column 1 after the height is raised, so that multiple steps of work are completed at the same time, avoiding the need for multi-step operations by the staff, improving work efficiency, and facilitating the rapid installation of the support column 1. After the installation is completed, the hydraulic jacking can be retracted.

[0052] During disassembly, the help of hydraulic jacking is also required to put it back between the support column 1 and the base 9. Through jacking, the support column 1 is forced to lift up a short distance so that the swing end of the support foot 6 can be free from the restriction of the limit block 21. When the swing end of the support foot 6 is not restricted, the hydraulic jacking slowly descends, and the support column 1 descends under its own gravity. When the upper end of the inner bearing column 19 is lower than the height of the underground space, the support column 1 can be recovered, and the removal of the support column 1 can be completed quickly without destroying the integrity of the structure of the support column 1, which is conducive to reuse next time.

Claims

1. A support device for an underground space, comprising a support column (1), wherein the interior of the support column (1) is a hollow structure, and a base (9) independent of the support column (1) is arranged directly below the support column (1), characterized in that: A limit assembly is provided between the base (9) and the support column (1) and is limited to the upward and downward movement of the support column (1); at least two support arms (15) are hinged on the outer side wall of the upper half of the support column (1), and all the support arms (15) swing inward and outward along the central direction of the support column (1), and the support arm (15) comprises a supporting end and a force-bearing end; a through groove communicating with the inside and outside is provided on the support column (1) corresponding to the force-bearing end of the support arm (15), and the force-bearing end of the support arm (15) independently passes through the through groove and is located in the support column (1); an inner bearing column (19) is independently installed in the support column (1) above the force-bearing end of the corresponding support arm (15), and the lower end of the inner bearing column (19) rests against the force-bearing end of the support arm (15); At least three support legs (6) are hingedly connected to the outer wall of the lower half of the support column (1), and all the support legs (6) swing inward and outward along the central direction of the support column (1). A through hole communicating with the inside and outside is opened on the outer side of the support column (1) below the hinged end of the corresponding support leg (6), and a connecting plate (12) independent of the through hole is arranged inside the support column (1) corresponding to the through hole. The support legs (6) are all connected to a pull rope (7), and the pull rope (7) is made of elastic material. All the pull ropes (7) are connected to the connecting plate (12) through the through holes corresponding to the support legs (6); a connecting column (20) is fixed at the lower end of the inner support column (19) between the force-bearing ends of all the corresponding support arms (15), and the lower end of the connecting column (20) is against the top of the connecting plate (12); The supporting ends of the supporting legs (6) are all against the top of the base (9), and corresponding to each supporting leg (6), a limiting component for limiting the supporting end of the supporting leg (6) is provided on the top of the base (9).

2. The underground space support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross section of the support column (1) is a rectangular structure.

3. The underground space support device according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are four support arms (15) which are respectively hinged on the front, rear, left and right outer side walls of the support column (1).

4. The underground space support device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The supporting ends of the supporting arms (15) are hingedly connected with supporting plates (16) which can swing along the central direction of the supporting column (1).

5. The underground space support device according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are four supporting legs (6), and the four supporting legs (6) are respectively hinged on the front, rear, left and right side walls of the supporting column (1).

6. The underground space support device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The base (9) is in a "cross" shaped structure.

7. The underground space support device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The limiting component comprises a plurality of limiting blocks (21) distributed in sequence from the outside to the inside, and all the limiting blocks (21) are fixed on the top of the base (9).

8. The underground space support device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The limiting assembly comprises four limiting columns (10) distributed in a rectangular shape, the four limiting columns (10) are all fixed on the top of the base (9), and four limiting sleeves (11) are fixed on the outer wall of the support column (1) for the limiting columns (10) to be independently inserted, and the four limiting sleeves (11) are respectively fixed at the corners of the outer wall of the support column (1).

9. The underground space support device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A sealing plate (8) is fixed to the lower end of the support column (1) to seal it.

10. The underground space support device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A limit frame (4) is fixed inside the support column (1), a limit ring (2) is sleeved on the connecting column (20) above the corresponding limit frame (4), and a spring (3) is installed between the limit ring (2) and the limit frame (4) to push the connecting column (20) to move upward.

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