Cloud coordination single-phase earth fault positioning system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a cloud coordination single-phase earth fault positioning system and method, and the system is characterized in that a terminal distribution transformer is provided with a sensor collection unit, the sensor collection unit is connected with a transformer area intelligent fusion terminal, and the intelligent fusion terminal is connected with an Internet of Things management platform. The cloud coordination positioning of the single-phase earth fault is realized, the automatic positioning technology can quickly and accurately position the single-phase earth fault point, the troubleshooting and repairing time is greatly shortened, and the fault processing efficiency of a power system is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of power systems, and in particular relates to a cloud-coordinated single-phase grounding fault locating system and method. Background Art

[0002] In a low-current grounding system, since the neutral point is not effectively grounded, when a single-phase grounding fault occurs, the fault signal is often very weak. This makes it very difficult to automatically locate the fault point, because weak signals are difficult to accurately capture and identify. The causes of single-phase grounding faults are complex and diverse, including but not limited to insulation aging of equipment, intrusion of external objects, severe weather conditions such as lightning strikes, strong winds, and human misoperation. In some special power system environments, such as special sites with severe dust, flammable and explosive materials, and power supply systems with ungrounded neutral points or grounded through large resistances, the location of single-phase grounding faults is more complicated. These system environments have higher requirements for automated positioning technology, and existing technologies may find it difficult to meet these requirements. These different reasons may lead to different fault manifestations, increasing the difficulty of automated positioning. The partial discharge signal is very weak when it is generated inside the transformer, and is subject to electromagnetic interference from the transformer itself and other equipment, which makes it difficult to accurately capture and identify the real partial discharge signal during online monitoring. The complexity of the transformer winding structure further aggravates the attenuation and distortion of the signal, reduces the signal-to-noise ratio of the monitoring signal, and increases the difficulty of analysis.

[0003] The online monitoring system for single-phase grounding faults needs to collect, process and analyze a large amount of status data. However, due to the large amount of data and strong noise interference, data processing and analysis are difficult. Therefore, a cloud-coordinated single-phase grounding fault location system and method is urgently needed to solve the problem that single-phase grounding faults cannot be located in a cloud-coordinated manner. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the problem that single-phase grounding fault cannot be located by cloud coordination, and a cloud-coordinated single-phase grounding fault location system and method are proposed.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:

[0006] A cloud-coordinated single-phase grounding fault locating system is provided. A sensor collection unit is installed on a terminal distribution transformer. The sensor collection unit is connected to an intelligent fusion terminal in the substation area. The intelligent fusion terminal is connected to an Internet of Things management platform.

[0007] Furthermore, the sensing acquisition and edge processing unit includes a sensor and an edge computing module. The low-voltage side and high-voltage side of the distribution transformer are respectively connected to voltage sensors, the low-voltage side of the distribution transformer is connected to a current sensor, the voltage sensor and the current sensor are connected to the edge computing module, and the edge computing module is connected to the intelligent fusion terminal.

[0008] Furthermore, the high-voltage side of the distribution transformer is connected to the high-voltage side capacitor divider, the low-voltage side of the distribution transformer is connected to the low-voltage side capacitor divider, and the high-voltage side capacitor divider and the low-voltage side capacitor divider are connected to the edge computing module.

[0009] Furthermore, the low-voltage side of the distribution transformer is connected to a current transformer, and the current transformer is connected to the edge computing module.

[0010] Furthermore, the edge computing module includes an AD converter, an FPGA and an ARM processor.

[0011] A cloud-coordinated single-phase grounding fault locating method comprises the following steps: installing a sensor acquisition and edge processing unit on a terminal distribution transformer, the sensor acquisition and edge processing unit acquires and processes a voltage signal and a current signal of the distribution transformer to obtain a first half-wave time, uploading the first half-wave time to an Internet of Things management platform through an intelligent fusion terminal in an area, and calculating the fault position through a multi-terminal traveling wave positioning algorithm on the Internet of Things management platform.

[0012] Furthermore, the sensor acquisition and edge processing unit includes a sensor and an edge computing module. The low-voltage side and high-voltage side of the distribution transformer collect voltage signals through voltage sensors, and the low-voltage side of the distribution transformer collects current signals through current sensors. The edge computing module obtains voltage signals and current signals for processing and uploads the processing results to the intelligent fusion terminal.

[0013] Furthermore, a high-voltage side capacitor divider is configured on the high-voltage side of the distribution transformer to collect the high-voltage side voltage signal, and a low-voltage side capacitor divider is configured on the low-voltage side of the distribution transformer to collect the low-voltage side voltage signal of the distribution transformer. The edge computing module obtains the high-voltage side voltage signal and the low-voltage side voltage signal through the high-voltage side capacitor divider and the low-voltage side capacitor divider, processes them, and uploads the processing results to the intelligent fusion terminal to locate and monitor faults. A current transformer is configured on the low-voltage side of the distribution transformer to collect the low-voltage side current signal of the distribution transformer. The edge computing module obtains the low-voltage side current signal through the current transformer, processes it, and uploads the processing results to the intelligent fusion terminal.

[0014] Furthermore, the intelligent fusion terminal uploads the processing results to the IoT management platform to obtain the fault location and displays it visually on the IoT management platform.

[0015] Furthermore, the AD converter in the edge computing module quantizes the signals of the high-voltage side capacitor divider and the low-voltage side capacitor divider to obtain a quantized sensor signal, the FPGA in the edge computing module collects, stores and filters the quantized sensor signal to obtain a processed sensor signal, and the ARM in the edge computing module extracts features from the processed sensor signal and performs communication protocols to the outside.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0017] The present invention proposes a cloud-coordinated single-phase grounding fault positioning system, in which a sensor collection unit is installed on the terminal distribution transformer, the sensor collection unit is connected to the intelligent fusion terminal of the substation, and the intelligent fusion terminal is connected to the Internet of Things management platform. Cloud-coordinated positioning of single-phase grounding faults is achieved, and the automated positioning technology can quickly and accurately locate the single-phase grounding fault point, greatly shortening the time for fault investigation and repair, and improving the fault handling efficiency of the power system. The process of manual line inspection and troubleshooting is reduced, the dependence on manual labor is reduced, the labor intensity of the staff is reduced, and the misjudgment and delays that may be caused by manual operation are also reduced. Timely and accurate positioning and handling of single-phase grounding faults can avoid the expansion of faults, reduce more serious power system accidents that may be caused by faults, and thus enhance the safety of the system.

[0018] Furthermore, by collecting and processing signals through the edge computing module and uploading them to the intelligent fusion terminal, the insulation status of the distribution transformer can be monitored in real time and continuously, and local discharge phenomena can be more accurately located and monitored, thereby preventing potential safety hazards from developing into serious failures. The risk of equipment failure can be reduced, the stable operation of the power system can be guaranteed, and large-scale power outages or more serious safety accidents caused by equipment failure can be prevented. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The drawings in the specification are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the present invention. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a cloud-coordinated single-phase grounding fault locating system of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of a single distribution transformer fault location system of a cloud-coordinated single-phase grounding fault location system of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0024] Embodiment 1

[0025] See also Figure 1 ,A cloud coordinated single-phase grounding fault location system is proposed. A sensor acquisition unit is installed on the terminal distribution transformer. The sensor acquisition unit is connected to the intelligent fusion terminal in the substation, and the intelligent fusion terminal is connected to the IoT management platform.

[0026] Intelligent converged terminal refers to a terminal device that uses new technologies, new materials, and new processes to integrate multiple functions. It can collect, process, transmit, and control a variety of data and information, and provide users with convenient, efficient, and intelligent services. It integrates multiple technologies and functions to meet different scenarios and needs. It has the ability to learn, make decisions, and optimize independently to improve work efficiency and accuracy. It supports multiple communication protocols and interfaces to achieve interconnection between devices. It can collect, process, and transmit large amounts of data and information to provide strong support for decision-making.

[0027] Intelligent converged terminals play an important role in the power industry. They are used for intelligent operation and maintenance, remote monitoring, data collection and other functions of the power grid to improve the efficiency and stability of the power grid. They include core hardware components such as processors, memory, sensors, and communication modules, which provide powerful computing and communication capabilities for the equipment. They are responsible for the resource management and task scheduling of the equipment, and provide a stable operating environment for upper-level applications, including application software such as data collection, processing, transmission and control, to realize the intelligent functions of the equipment.

[0028] The IoT management platform is a comprehensive platform that integrates IoT device connection, data collection, processing, analysis and application services. The IoT management platform can realize the connection and management of various IoT devices, including device registration, configuration, status monitoring, remote control and other functions, to ensure that the devices can operate stably and reliably. It supports a variety of communication protocols and interfaces, such as LoRa, NB-IoT, Wi-Fi, etc., to meet the needs of different devices and scenarios. The platform can collect data generated by various IoT devices in real time, and process and analyze them to convert raw data into valuable information. It provides efficient data storage and query mechanisms to support rapid processing and access of large-scale data sets. It supports a variety of data analysis tools and algorithms, such as real-time analysis, pattern recognition, anomaly detection, etc. The platform can integrate various application services, such as remote monitoring, intelligent control, early warning and prediction, etc., to meet different business needs. It provides a rich API interface and SDK toolkit to facilitate developers to quickly develop and deploy IoT applications.

[0029] Furthermore, the sensing acquisition and edge processing unit includes a sensor and an edge computing module. The low-voltage side and high-voltage side of the distribution transformer are respectively connected to voltage sensors, the low-voltage side of the distribution transformer is connected to a current sensor, the voltage sensor and the current sensor are connected to the edge computing module, and the edge computing module is connected to the intelligent fusion terminal.

[0030] Furthermore, the high-voltage side of the distribution transformer is connected to the high-voltage side capacitor divider, the low-voltage side of the distribution transformer is connected to the low-voltage side capacitor divider, and the high-voltage side capacitor divider and the low-voltage side capacitor divider are connected to the edge computing module.

[0031] Furthermore, the low-voltage side of the distribution transformer is connected to a current transformer, and the current transformer is connected to the edge computing module.

[0032] Capacitive voltage divider is a measuring device made by the principle of voltage division of capacitors in series, mainly used to measure AC high voltage. The working principle of capacitive voltage divider is based on the capacitive reactance characteristics of capacitors in AC circuits. When AC voltage is applied to capacitors in series, each capacitor will distribute a part of the voltage according to its capacitive reactance value, thereby achieving a voltage division effect. Compared with ordinary resistive voltage dividers, capacitive voltage dividers have greater voltage resistance and are not easy to break down, so they are more suitable for measuring high voltage.

[0033] The frequency response effect of the capacitor voltage divider makes it suitable for AC circuits, but the response time value is larger than that of the resistor voltage divider, so it is rarely used in the measurement of impulse voltage. The capacitor voltage divider has a simple structure and relatively low installation cost. The capacitor voltage divider has the advantages of wide bandwidth, fast response speed, and good stability, and is particularly suitable for the measurement of fast pulse signals.

[0034] The current transformer is an instrument that converts a large current on the primary side into a small current on the secondary side for measurement. It works on the principle of electromagnetic induction. When the current on the high current side of the primary side passes through the coil, a magnetic field is generated in the closed iron core, and then a current is induced in the winding on the low current side of the secondary side. The magnitude of the induced current is proportional to the current on the primary side and inversely proportional to the number of turns of the secondary coil. According to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, the current transformer is mainly composed of a closed iron core and a winding. The number of turns of the primary winding is very small, and it is connected in series in the circuit of the current to be measured; the number of turns of the secondary winding is large, and it is connected in series in the measuring instrument and the protection circuit. When working, the secondary circuit of the current transformer is always closed, and the impedance of the series coil of the measuring instrument and the protection circuit is very small, making the working state of the current transformer close to a short circuit. The main function of the current transformer is to convert high current into low current for easy measurement and protection. At the same time, it can also play the role of electrical isolation to protect the safety of measuring instruments and personnel.

[0035] Furthermore, the edge computing module includes an AD converter, an FPGA and an ARM processor.

[0036] AD converter is a circuit device used to convert analog signals such as voltage and current into digital signals for processing and storage in digital systems. "A" stands for "Analog", which refers to the analog signal to be converted; "D" stands for "Digital", which refers to the digital signal output after conversion. AD converter converts analog signals into digital signals through four processes: sampling, holding, quantization and encoding. The specific process includes: sampling the analog signal at a certain time interval, then comparing the sampled value with a series of standard digital signals, and finally outputting the corresponding digital quantity through quantization and encoding.

[0037] FPGA is a product further developed on the basis of programmable devices such as PAL, GAL, CPLD, etc. It appears as a semi-custom circuit in the field of application-specific integrated circuits ASIC, which not only solves the shortcomings of custom circuits, but also overcomes the shortcomings of the limited number of gate circuits of the original programmable devices.

[0038] FPGA chips contain a large number of logic gates and triggers. Users can configure these logic gates and triggers through programming to achieve specific logic functions. FPGAs are highly flexible and programmable and can be customized and optimized according to different application requirements. FPGAs have very powerful parallel processing capabilities and can handle multiple tasks at the same time, which gives them a significant advantage in processing high-speed, large-data applications.

[0039] The basic working principle of FPGA is to realize user-defined logic functions through internal programmable logic blocks and input and output blocks. Users can program and configure by using special FPGA development tools such as Xilinx's ISE, Vivado or Altera's Quartus. Development tools usually provide graphical programming interfaces and hardware description language HDL programming methods, and users can choose the appropriate programming method according to their needs.

[0040] ARM processor, full name Advanced RISC Machine, is a low-power, low-cost RISC RISC computer microprocessor. ARM processor adopts RISC design with simple instruction set, low power consumption and high performance. It supports Thumb16-bit / ARM 32-bit dual instruction set, which is well compatible with 8-bit / 16-bit devices and provides all the advantages of 32-bit system. ARM processor uses a large number of registers, and the instruction execution speed is faster. Most data operations are completed in registers, which improves the execution efficiency. The fixed-length instruction format is adopted to facilitate pipeline operation execution and improve data processing capabilities.

[0041] The ARM processor is responsible for processing complex software algorithms and task scheduling, while the FPGA is responsible for high-speed data processing and hardware acceleration. This combination can give full play to the advantages of both, improve the overall performance of the system and reduce power consumption. FPGA and ARM can be integrated in the same SoC system-level core), with faster internal communication rate, high hardware integration and smaller size. The combination of ARM and FPGA can be extended through FPGA to meet the needs of multiple interface resources. The combination of FPGA hardware programmability and ARM software programmability can shorten the product development cycle and reduce the cost of listing.

[0042] The ADC is responsible for quickly converting analog signals into digital signals, the FPGA performs high-speed parallel processing of digital signals, and the ARM performs complex control and algorithm calculations. The three work together to achieve high-performance data processing.

[0043] Embodiment 2

[0044] A cloud-coordinated single-phase grounding fault locating method comprises the following steps: installing a sensor acquisition and edge processing unit on a terminal distribution transformer, the sensor acquisition and edge processing unit acquires and processes a voltage signal and a current signal of the distribution transformer to obtain a first half-wave time, uploading the first half-wave time to an Internet of Things management platform through an intelligent fusion terminal in an area, and calculating the fault position through a multi-terminal traveling wave positioning algorithm on the Internet of Things management platform.

[0045] Furthermore, the sensor acquisition and edge processing unit includes a sensor and an edge computing module. The low-voltage side and high-voltage side of the distribution transformer collect voltage signals through voltage sensors, and the low-voltage side of the distribution transformer collects current signals through current sensors. The edge computing module obtains voltage signals and current signals for processing and uploads the processing results to the intelligent fusion terminal.

[0046] Furthermore, a high-voltage side capacitor divider is configured on the high-voltage side of the distribution transformer to collect the high-voltage side voltage signal, and a low-voltage side capacitor divider is configured on the low-voltage side of the distribution transformer to collect the low-voltage side voltage signal of the distribution transformer. The edge computing module obtains the high-voltage side voltage signal and the low-voltage side voltage signal through the high-voltage side capacitor divider and the low-voltage side capacitor divider, processes them, and uploads the processing results to the intelligent fusion terminal to locate and monitor faults. A current transformer is configured on the low-voltage side of the distribution transformer to collect the low-voltage side current signal of the distribution transformer. The edge computing module obtains the low-voltage side current signal through the current transformer, processes it, and uploads the processing results to the intelligent fusion terminal.

[0047] Furthermore, the intelligent fusion terminal uploads the processing results to the IoT management platform to obtain the fault location and displays it visually on the IoT management platform.

[0048] Furthermore, the AD converter in the edge computing module quantizes the signals of the high-voltage side capacitor divider and the low-voltage side capacitor divider to obtain a quantized sensor signal, the FPGA in the edge computing module collects, stores and filters the quantized sensor signal to obtain a processed sensor signal, and the ARM in the edge computing module extracts features from the processed sensor signal and performs communication protocols to the outside.

[0049] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit its protection scope. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in the field should understand that after reading the present invention, those skilled in the art can still make various changes, modifications or equivalent substitutions to the specific implementation methods of the invention, but these changes, modifications or equivalent substitutions are all within the protection scope of the pending claims of the invention.

Claims

1. A cloud-coordinated single-phase grounding fault location system, characterized in that: A sensor collection unit is installed on the terminal distribution transformer. The sensor collection unit is connected to the intelligent fusion terminal in the substation area, and the intelligent fusion terminal is connected to the Internet of Things management platform.

2. A cloud-coordinated single-phase grounding fault location system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensing acquisition and edge processing unit includes sensors and edge computing modules. The low-voltage side and high-voltage side of the distribution transformer are respectively connected to voltage sensors. The low-voltage side of the distribution transformer is connected to a current sensor. The voltage sensor and the current sensor are connected to the edge computing module, and the edge computing module is connected to the intelligent fusion terminal.

3. A cloud-coordinated single-phase grounding fault location system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-voltage side of the distribution transformer is connected to the high-voltage side capacitor divider, the low-voltage side of the distribution transformer is connected to the low-voltage side capacitor divider, and the high-voltage side capacitor divider and the low-voltage side capacitor divider are connected to the edge computing module.

4. A cloud-coordinated single-phase grounding fault location system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low-voltage side of the distribution transformer is connected to the current transformer, and the current transformer is connected to the edge computing module.

5. A cloud-coordinated single-phase grounding fault location system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The edge computing module includes an AD converter, FPGA and ARM processor.

6. A cloud-coordinated single-phase grounding fault location method, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: installing a sensor acquisition and edge processing unit on the terminal distribution transformer, the sensor acquisition and edge processing unit acquires and processes the voltage signal and current signal of the distribution transformer to obtain the first half-wave time, uploading the first half-wave time to the Internet of Things management platform through the intelligent fusion terminal of the substation, and obtaining the fault position through the multi-terminal traveling wave positioning algorithm on the Internet of Things management platform.

7. A cloud-coordinated single-phase grounding fault location method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The sensing acquisition and edge processing unit includes sensors and edge computing modules. The voltage signals on the low-voltage and high-voltage sides of the distribution transformer are collected through voltage sensors, and the current signals on the low-voltage side of the distribution transformer are collected through current sensors. The edge computing module obtains the voltage and current signals for processing and uploads the processing results to the intelligent fusion terminal.

8. A cloud-coordinated single-phase grounding fault location method according to claim 7, characterized in that: A high-voltage side capacitor divider is configured on the high-voltage side of the distribution transformer to collect the high-voltage side voltage signal. A low-voltage side capacitor divider is configured on the low-voltage side of the distribution transformer to collect the low-voltage side voltage signal of the distribution transformer. The edge computing module obtains the high-voltage side voltage signal and the low-voltage side voltage signal through the high-voltage side capacitor divider and the low-voltage side capacitor divider, processes them, and uploads the processing results to the intelligent fusion terminal to locate and monitor faults. A current transformer is configured on the low-voltage side of the distribution transformer to collect the low-voltage side current signal of the distribution transformer. The edge computing module obtains the low-voltage side current signal through the current transformer, processes it, and uploads the processing results to the intelligent fusion terminal.

9. A cloud-coordinated single-phase grounding fault location method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The intelligent fusion terminal uploads the processing results to the IoT management platform to obtain the fault location and displays it visually on the IoT management platform.

10. A cloud-coordinated single-phase grounding fault location method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The AD converter in the edge computing module quantizes the signals of the high-voltage side capacitor divider and the low-voltage side capacitor divider to obtain a quantized sensor signal. The FPGA in the edge computing module collects, stores and filters the quantized sensor signal to obtain a processed sensor signal. The ARM in the edge computing module extracts features from the processed sensor signal and performs communication protocols to the outside.

Images