Detachable grinding wheel, device and method for grinding mortise of turbine disc

Abstract

The invention discloses a detachable grinding wheel, device and method for turbine disc mortise grinding, and relates to the field of grinding machining.The detachable grinding wheel comprises a grinding wheel base body and grinding parts, the grinding wheel base body is provided with at least two grinding parts in the circumferential direction, and the grinding parts are detachably connected with the grinding wheel base body; the grinding wheel base body is a clamping plate base body or a cup-shaped base body, the grinding part is a claw-shaped grinding part or a fan-shaped grinding part, the claw-shaped grinding part and the clamping plate base body form a claw-shaped grinding wheel, and the fan-shaped grinding part and the cup-shaped base body form a fan-shaped grinding wheel. The grinding wheel base body part and the grinding part can be detached, the manufacturing, maintaining and using cost is reduced, and the mortise machining efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of grinding processing, and in particular to a detachable grinding wheel, a device and a method for grinding a turbine disc tenon and groove. Background Art

[0002] The tenon and groove of the turbine disk is one of the core structures in the aircraft engine. In the extreme working environment of high-speed rotation, the tenon and groove of the turbine disk not only bears the key tasks of fixing the blades and transmitting power, but also is the basis for ensuring the stable operation and high-efficiency performance of the engine. As a key component in the aircraft engine, the shape accuracy, surface quality and dimensional consistency of the tenon and groove of the turbine disk directly affect the overall performance and reliability of the engine. Therefore, the forming grinding process, with its high precision and high efficiency, has become an important means to achieve high-quality processing of the tenon and groove. Through forming grinding, the geometric shape of the tenon and groove can be accurately controlled, including its key parameters such as inclination angle, cone angle, depth, etc., to ensure the precise fit between the tenon and groove and the blade, reduce assembly errors, and improve the aerodynamic efficiency of the engine. At the same time, forming grinding can also form a uniform and delicate texture on the surface of the tenon and groove, reduce surface roughness, enhance wear resistance and fatigue resistance, and extend the service life of the tenon and groove and blades.

[0003] For turbine disc tenon processing equipment, the following solutions exist in the prior art: CN104148992B discloses a grinding method for impeller hub tenon processing. First, according to the machine type and the structure and size characteristics of the impeller hub tenon, the installation method of the impeller hub and the specific position of the machine tool worktable are determined; then, the grinding method of the tenon is selected, and the inner and outer diameters, axial heights and the shape and size of the grinding working part of the cup-shaped grinding wheel are accurately designed to ensure that there is no interference with other parts of the impeller hub during the grinding process; then, according to the selected CNC machine tool motion mode, a CNC grinding program is written, and the motion trajectory of the cup-shaped grinding wheel is controlled by the program to achieve precise grinding of the tenon; finally, under the drive of the CNC machine tool spindle, the cup-shaped grinding wheel rotates according to the preset trajectory and completes the grinding operation. Although this patent proposes a grinding method, it does not involve the specific structural design of the cup-shaped grinding wheel, nor does it clarify its applicable conditions. CN113977020A discloses a turbine disc tenon processing method, which includes: using the inner hole of the turbine disc for axial clamping; pre-cutting at each tenon position to release stress by wire cutting; rough cutting the tenon contour and leaving a margin; multiple wire cutting and fine cutting to the required size to ensure that the thickness of the remelting layer does not exceed 0.005mm; and finally using a broach for fine machining to remove the remelting layer. This technology reduces clamping stress by axial clamping and pre-cutting to release stress to avoid deformation, but it is only applicable to straight and oblique groove processing, and cannot process arc-shaped tenons.

[0004] CN109926894B discloses a turbine disc tenon-groove forming grinding device and a method of use (patent number). The device uses a stepper motor to connect the turbine disc, and controls the relative movement of the turbine disc and the annular grinding wheel through a numerical control program to achieve the grinding of the tenon-groove. This method improves the processing efficiency and accuracy, but the equipment structure is complex, and the tenon-groove position needs to be manually adjusted, which affects the processing efficiency and accuracy. CN117564873A discloses a turbine disc tenon-groove forming grinding device and method, which leaves an escape portion upstream and downstream of the grinding portion of the grinding wheel. The escape portion can reduce the weight of the grinding wheel, reduce the difficulty of driving and controlling the spindle, thereby improving the processing accuracy, and use the escape portion for the turbine disc to pass through to reduce the difficulty of feeding, facilitate switching of the processing position, and improve the processing efficiency. However, the grinding wheel adopts an integrated design and is made of metal materials, which makes the overall weight of the grinding wheel larger, inconvenient to install, and the grinding wheel speed is limited, resulting in poor improvement of the grinding surface integrity; in addition, the abrasive particles need to be replaced as a whole after wear, and the manufacturing, maintenance and replacement costs are high.

[0005] In summary, the current processing of turbine disc tenon and groove mainly has the following problems: 1. The abrasive wear of the single-layer abrasive grinding wheel makes the surface accuracy retention poor. The overall replacement after wear and scrapping causes material waste and high manufacturing and maintenance costs; 2. The existing grinding processing method of the turbine disc tenon and groove has the problems of low rotation speed, low processing efficiency and poor surface integrity caused by the heavy grinding wheel; 3. Although a variety of tenon and groove processing technologies have been proposed and applied, there is still a lack of special grinding tools that can accurately match the complex geometry of the turbine disc tenon and groove, high efficiency and processing accuracy in order to achieve efficient and high-precision forming grinding for the turbine disc tenon and groove structure. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a detachable grinding wheel, device and method for grinding the tenon and groove of a turbine disc. The grinding wheel base part and the grinding part can be disassembled, which reduces the manufacturing, maintenance and use costs and improves the processing efficiency of the tenon and groove.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0008] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a turbine disc tongue and groove grinding detachable grinding wheel, comprising a grinding wheel base and a grinding part, wherein the grinding wheel base is provided with at least two grinding parts in a circumferential direction, and the grinding part is detachably connected to the grinding wheel base;

[0009] The grinding wheel base is a clamping plate base or a cup-shaped base, the grinding part is a claw-shaped grinding part or a fan-shaped grinding part, the claw-shaped grinding part and the clamping plate base constitute a claw-shaped grinding wheel, and the fan-shaped grinding part and the cup-shaped base constitute a fan-shaped grinding wheel.

[0010] As a further implementation, the clamping plate base includes two circular plates parallel to each other, which are connected by a connecting component and have an installation gap; one end of the claw-shaped grinding part extends into the installation gap and is detachably connected to the circular plate.

[0011] As a further implementation, the connecting component is a columnar structure, and the end surface of the claw-shaped grinding part extending into the installation gap is an arc surface to fit with the columnar structure.

[0012] As a further implementation, the other end of the claw-shaped grinding portion has a claw portion, and the claw portion is arranged outside the claw-shaped grinding portion, or is arranged on both sides of the claw-shaped grinding portion.

[0013] As a further implementation, the angle range of the sector-shaped grinding portion is less than or equal to 360°;

[0014] The cup-shaped base is provided with a boss, and the fan-shaped grinding part is provided with a limiting groove matched with the boss; or, the fan-shaped grinding part is provided with a boss, and the cup-shaped base is provided with a limiting groove matched with the boss.

[0015] As a further implementation, the grinding wheel base may be provided with a weight-reducing groove.

[0016] As a further implementation, the grinding part is connected to the grinding wheel base through expansion screws;

[0017] The expansion screw comprises a sleeve and a core shaft, wherein the core shaft is coaxially arranged inside the sleeve; when the core shaft is tightened, the sleeve expands in the corresponding hole.

[0018] As a further implementation, an abrasive layer is attached to the surface of the grinding portion.

[0019] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a turbine disc tenon-groove grinding device, comprising a machine tool system, a turbine disc clamping device and the detachable grinding wheel, wherein the detachable grinding wheel is mounted on a machine tool spindle;

[0020] The turbine disc clamping device includes a clamp, a clamp sensor and a driving mechanism. The clamp is used to clamp the turbine disc, and the driving mechanism is used to drive the clamp to move linearly to change the position of the turbine disc; the clamp sensor is used to feed back the detection signal to the controller when the grinding wheel is retracted, and the controller controls the clamp to rotate the turbine disc.

[0021] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a turbine disc tenon-groove grinding method, using the grinding device, comprising:

[0022] Move the grinding part of the grinding wheel into the tenon groove of the turbine disc and align the grinding part with the shape of the tenon groove;

[0023] The turbine disc is ground using a single-sided grinding wheel or a double-sided grinding wheel;

[0024] After the entire mortise and tenon processing is completed, the fixture sensor detects that the grinding wheel has withdrawn, and the fixture drives the turbine disk to rotate so that the next mortise and tenon is aligned with the grinding part for grinding.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0026] (1) The present invention adopts a detachable grinding wheel, that is, the grinding wheel base part and the grinding part can be disassembled. The detachable design allows only the grinding part to be replaced, thereby reducing unnecessary waste and reducing manufacturing, maintenance and use costs; it solves the problem of high replacement cost after the traditional grinding wheel is used to grind the mortise and tenon, and can process both sides of the mortise and tenon at the same time, which greatly improves the efficiency of mortise and tenon processing.

[0027] (2) The grinding wheel of the present invention can be divided into two types: claw-shaped grinding wheel and fan-shaped grinding wheel. The claw-shaped grinding wheel includes a clamping plate base and a claw-shaped grinding part. The clamping plate base plays a connecting and fixing role, and the claw-shaped grinding part improves the flexibility and processing accuracy of the grinding wheel, and can accurately process the mortise and tenon with complex shapes; the fan-shaped grinding wheel includes a cup-shaped base and a fan-shaped grinding part. The cup-shaped base has good stability, can withstand uniform pressure from all directions, and is not easy to deform. The arc-shaped surface can reduce stress concentration, thereby improving the overall strength and durability; the fan-shaped grinding part is provided with a slotted structure, and the slotted structure transforms the continuously moving heat source of the grinding arc zone into an intermittently moving heat source, thereby enhancing the heat dissipation of the grinding zone, and can significantly reduce the grinding temperature, which helps to reduce and avoid thermal damage to the surface of the turbine disk and improve the processing quality.

[0028] (3) The detachable grinding wheel of the present invention is used for mortise and tenon grinding. The grinding wheel substrate is made of lightweight composite materials or is designed to reduce weight on a metal substrate, which effectively reduces the overall weight of the grinding wheel and improves the shortcomings of low linear speed of the grinding wheel during grinding and reduced grinding accuracy due to excessive weight of the grinding wheel. The processing accuracy and efficiency of the grinding wheel are effectively improved to meet the requirements of surface integrity forming processing. The detachable grinding wheel can realize the replacement of the grinding wheel grinding part on the machine, which can omit the process of re-calibrating the tool after the traditional grinding wheel is replaced, thereby greatly improving the efficiency and quality of the grinding process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] The accompanying drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0030] Figure 1 Axonometric measurement of the turbine disk tongue and groove grinding device of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0031] Figure 2 Axonometric measurement of the turbine disk tongue and groove grinding device of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0032] Figure 3 Axonometric measurement of the turbine disk tongue and groove grinding device of the present invention Figure 3 ;

[0033] FIG4( a ) is a side view of the double-sided claw structure of the present invention;

[0034] FIG4( b ) is a side view of a single-sided claw structure of the present invention;

[0035] FIG4( c ) is an axonometric view of the double-sided claw structure of the present invention;

[0036] FIG5( a ) is a front view of the splint base of the present invention;

[0037] FIG5( b ) is a side view of the splint base of the present invention;

[0038] FIG5( c ) is an axonometric view of the splint base of the present invention;

[0039] FIG6( a ) is a front view of a claw-shaped grinding wheel with a double-claw structure according to the present invention;

[0040] FIG6( b ) is a right side view of the claw-shaped grinding wheel with a double-claw structure of the present invention;

[0041] FIG6( c ) is a top view of a claw-shaped grinding wheel with a double-claw structure according to the present invention;

[0042] FIG6( d ) is an isometric view of a claw-shaped grinding wheel with a double-claw structure according to the present invention;

[0043] FIG. 7( a ) is a front view of a claw-shaped grinding wheel with a four-claw structure according to the present invention;

[0044] FIG7( b ) is a right side view of the claw-shaped grinding wheel with four claw structures of the present invention;

[0045] FIG. 7( c ) is a top view of a claw-shaped grinding wheel having a four-claw structure according to the present invention;

[0046] FIG. 7( d ) is an isometric view of a claw-shaped grinding wheel having a four-claw structure according to the present invention;

[0047] FIG8( a ) is a front view of a claw-shaped grinding wheel with a six-claw structure according to the present invention;

[0048] FIG8( b ) is a right side view of the claw-shaped grinding wheel with a six-claw structure of the present invention;

[0049] FIG8( c ) is a top view of a claw-shaped grinding wheel with a six-claw structure according to the present invention;

[0050] FIG8( d ) is an isometric view of a claw-shaped grinding wheel with a six-claw structure according to the present invention;

[0051] FIG9( a ) is a front view of a fan-shaped grinding wheel with a double-fan structure according to the present invention;

[0052] FIG9( b ) is a cross-sectional view of a fan-shaped grinding wheel with a double-fan structure according to the present invention;

[0053] FIG9( c ) is an axonometric view of a fan-shaped grinding wheel with a double-fan structure according to the present invention;

[0054] FIG10( a ) is a front view of a four-fan structured sector-shaped grinding wheel according to the present invention;

[0055] FIG10( b ) is a cross-sectional view of a fan-shaped grinding wheel having a four-fan structure according to the present invention;

[0056] FIG10( c ) is an axial side view of a fan-shaped grinding wheel having a four-fan structure according to the present invention;

[0057] FIG. 11( a ) is a front view of a cup-shaped substrate with double weight-reducing grooves according to the present invention;

[0058] FIG11( b ) is an isometric view of a cup-shaped substrate with double weight-reducing grooves according to the present invention;

[0059] FIG11( c ) is a cross-sectional view of a cup-shaped substrate with double weight-reducing grooves according to the present invention;

[0060] FIG. 12( a ) is a front view of a cup-shaped substrate with four weight-reducing grooves according to the present invention;

[0061] FIG12( b ) is an isometric view of a cup-shaped substrate with four weight-reducing grooves according to the present invention;

[0062] FIG12( c ) is a cross-sectional view of a cup-shaped substrate with four weight-reducing grooves according to the present invention;

[0063] FIG. 13( a ) is a front view of a cup-shaped substrate with six weight-reducing grooves according to the present invention;

[0064] FIG13( b ) is an isometric view of a cup-shaped substrate with six weight-reducing grooves according to the present invention;

[0065] FIG13( c ) is a cross-sectional view of a cup-shaped substrate with six weight-reducing grooves according to the present invention;

[0066] FIG. 14( a ) is a schematic diagram showing the cooperation between the cup-shaped substrate and the fan-shaped grinding part of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0067] FIG14( b ) is a cross-sectional view of FIG14( a );

[0068] FIG. 15( a ) is a front view of a sector-shaped grinding part provided with a limit groove according to the present invention;

[0069] FIG15( b ) is a cross-sectional view of FIG15( a );

[0070] FIG15( c ) is an axonometric view of a sector-shaped grinding portion provided with a limit groove according to the present invention;

[0071] FIG. 16( a ) is a front view of a cup-shaped base provided with an annular boss according to the present invention;

[0072] FIG16( b ) is a cross-sectional view of FIG16( a );

[0073] FIG. 16( c ) is an isometric view of a cup-shaped base provided with an annular boss according to the present invention;

[0074] FIG. 17( a ) is a schematic diagram showing the cooperation between the cup-shaped substrate and the fan-shaped grinding part of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0075] FIG17( b ) is a cross-sectional view of FIG17( a );

[0076] FIG. 18( a ) is a front view of a sector-shaped grinding portion provided with an annular boss according to the present invention;

[0077] FIG18( b ) is a cross-sectional view of FIG18( a );

[0078] FIG. 18( c ) is an isometric view of a sector-shaped grinding portion provided with an annular boss according to the present invention;

[0079] FIG. 19( a ) is a front view of a cup-shaped base provided with a limiting groove according to the present invention;

[0080] FIG19( b ) is a cross-sectional view of FIG19( a );

[0081] FIG. 19( c ) is an isometric view of a cup-shaped base provided with a limiting groove according to the present invention;

[0082] FIG. 20( a ) is a schematic diagram showing the cooperation between the cup-shaped substrate and the fan-shaped grinding part of the present invention. Figure 3 ;

[0083] FIG20( b ) is a cross-sectional view of FIG20( a );

[0084] FIG. 21( a ) is a front view of a sector-shaped grinding portion provided with a semi-annular boss according to the present invention;

[0085] FIG. 21( b ) is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 21( a );

[0086] FIG. 21( c ) is an isometric view of a sector-shaped grinding portion provided with a semi-annular boss according to the present invention;

[0087] FIG. 22( a ) is a front view of a cup-shaped base provided with a matching groove according to the present invention;

[0088] FIG22( b ) is a cross-sectional view of FIG22( a );

[0089] FIG22( c ) is an isometric view of a cup-shaped base provided with a matching groove according to the present invention;

[0090] FIG. 23( a ) is a front view of the expansion screw casing of the present invention;

[0091] FIG23( b) is a top view of the expansion screw casing of the present invention;

[0092] FIG23( c ) is an axonometric view of the expansion screw casing of the present invention;

[0093] FIG. 24( a ) is a front view of the expansion screw mandrel of the present invention;

[0094] FIG24( b) is a top view of the expansion screw mandrel of the present invention;

[0095] FIG24( c) is an axonometric view of the expansion screw mandrel of the present invention;

[0096] FIG. 25( a ) is a front view of the expansion screw of the present invention;

[0097] FIG. 25( b ) is a top view of the expansion screw of the present invention;

[0098] FIG. 25( c ) is an axonometric view of the expansion screw of the present invention.

[0099] Among them, I, machine tool system, II, turbine disc clamping device, III, grinding wheel;

[0100] I-1, machine tool worktable, I-2, first drive motor, I-3, speed sensor, I-4, first coupling, I-5, reducer, I-6, second coupling, I-7, bearing seat;

[0101] II-1, controller, II-2, support seat, II-3, fixture sensor, II-4, second drive motor, II-5, flange, II-6, turbine disk, II-7, cover plate, II-8, screw nut, II-9, screw; III-1, claw-shaped grinding part, III-2, double-sided claw-shaped structure, III-3, splint base, III-4, tool handle, III-5, machine tool spindle, III-6, expansion screw, III-7, single-sided claw-shaped structure, III-8, threaded hole, III-9, mounting hole, III-10, limit hole, III-11, cup-shaped base, III-12, fan-shaped grinding part, III-13, weight reduction groove, III-14, limit groove, III-15, annular boss, III-16, semi-annular boss, III-17, limit surface, III-18, core shaft, III-19, sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0102] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in the present invention have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0103] Embodiment 1:

[0104] The present embodiment provides a detachable grinding wheel for turbine disc tenon and groove grinding, which is installed on the machine tool spindle III-5 through a tool handle III-4, and the grinding wheel includes a detachably connected grinding wheel base and a grinding part; the grinding wheel base material is made of metal material or a lightweight composite material, and has good strength and rigidity; when the grinding wheel base is made of metal material, whether to adopt a weight reduction scheme and the specific weight reduction scheme are determined according to the load-bearing condition of the machine tool spindle III-5, and when the grinding wheel base is made of a lightweight composite material, the weight reduction scheme is generally not adopted.

[0105] The grinding part is designed according to the structure of the tenon and groove of turbine disk II-6, on which an abrasive layer is attached. Its manufacturing accuracy is 1-2 levels higher than the shape and position accuracy of the tenon and groove, allowing the slight error of the tenon and groove to be corrected by a small amount of material removal during the grinding process, thereby ensuring that the final machined tenon and groove accuracy meets or even exceeds the design requirements; the grinding part can be designed for single-sided grinding or double-sided grinding. When single-sided grinding is adopted, the abrasive layer is distributed on the outside of the grinding part; when double-sided grinding is adopted, the abrasive layer is distributed on both sides inside and outside the grinding part, which can complete the processing of the two side surfaces and bottom surface of the tenon and groove of turbine disk II-6 at one time, and is suitable for the fine processing of arc-shaped tenon and groove.

[0106] The abrasive layer is composed of abrasive grains and a binder, where the abrasive grains can be arranged in different distribution structures or shapes and particle sizes. The abrasive grains can be diamond or cubic boron nitride (CBN), which are attached to the grinding part by brazing or electroplating technology to ensure stability and durability during the grinding process. The particle size and arrangement distribution structure or shape of the abrasive grains are determined according to the processing requirements, such as surface integrity parameters such as surface roughness and morphology, and are fixed to the surface of the grinding part by a binder to form the grinding layer of the grinding wheel.

[0107] The grinding wheel of this embodiment is a claw-shaped grinding wheel, the grinding wheel base of the claw-shaped grinding wheel is the splint base III-3, and the grinding part of the claw-shaped grinding wheel is the claw-shaped grinding part III-1; the claw-shaped grinding part III-1 adopts a material with high hardness, strength and wear resistance, so that it can withstand the larger cutting force in the grinding process, maintain the shape stability of the claw-shaped structure, and ensure the grinding accuracy.

[0108] like Figure 5(a)-Figure 5(c)As shown, the clamping plate base III-3 includes two circular plates, which are connected by a connecting component so that there is a mounting gap for the claw-shaped grinding part III-1 between the two circular plates. In this embodiment, the connecting component is a cylindrical structure, which is installed at the center of the circular plate; the connecting component and the circular plate are provided with mounting holes III-9 corresponding to each other, and the mounting holes III-9 are provided with keyways to achieve a stable key connection with the shank III-4. The two circular plates are provided with threaded holes III-8 corresponding to each other, and the threaded holes III-8 are evenly distributed around the mounting holes III-9; the claw-shaped grinding part III-1 is provided with a limiting hole III-10 corresponding to the threaded hole III-8, and a bolt is passed through the threaded hole III-8 and the limiting hole III-10 to achieve a detachable connection with the claw-shaped grinding part III-1.

[0109] The mounting end surface of the claw-shaped grinding part III-1 and the circular plate is an arc surface, which is adapted to the curvature of the columnar structure, so that the claw-shaped grinding part III-1 fits with the connecting component after being inserted into the mounting gap, making the connection between the claw-shaped grinding part III-1 and the clamping plate base III-3 more stable. Two or more claw-shaped grinding parts III-1 can be provided, such as Figure 6(a)-Figure 6(d) As shown, the clamping plate base III-3 is equipped with two claw-shaped grinding parts III-1, that is, a double-claw structure, and the two claw-shaped grinding parts III-1 are collinear with the center of the clamping plate base III-3; Figure 7(a)-Figure 7(d) As shown, the splint base III-3 is equipped with four claw-shaped grinding parts III-1, that is, a four-claw structure; Figure 8(a)-Figure 8(d) As shown, the clamping plate base III-3 is installed with six claw-shaped grinding parts III-1, that is, a six-claw structure.

[0110] A claw portion is provided at the other end of the claw-shaped grinding part III-1 away from the mounting end. As shown in Figures 4(a) and 4(c), the claw portion is provided on the inner and outer sides of the claw-shaped grinding part III-1 to form a double-sided claw structure III-2 for double-sided grinding; as shown in Figure 4(b), the claw portion is provided on the outer side of the claw-shaped grinding part III-1 to form a single-sided claw structure III-7 for single-sided grinding.

[0111] When the number of claw-shaped grinding parts III-1 reaches or exceeds two, the maximum gap between two adjacent claw-shaped grinding parts III-1 must be no less than the thickness of the turbine disk II-6 to ensure that the grinding wheel can smoothly pass through the tenon groove of the turbine disk II-6, thereby completing the grinding process of the tenon groove. The maximum number of grinding wheel claw-shaped grinding parts III-1 can be calculated using formula (1):

[0112]

[0113] In formula (1), n maxRepresents the maximum number of claw-shaped grinding parts III-1, R is the radius of the inner circle of the grinding wheel, l is the total width of the claw-shaped grinding part III-1, including the width l1 of the claw-shaped grinding part III-1, whose value range is between 0 and πD and the gap l2 between two adjacent claw-shaped grinding parts III-1, whose minimum value is equal to the thickness of the turbine disk II-6, and the maximum value cannot exceed the circumference of the inner circle of the grinding wheel.

[0114] Embodiment 2:

[0115] This embodiment provides a detachable grinding wheel for turbine disc tenon and groove grinding, wherein the grinding wheel is a fan-shaped grinding wheel, the grinding wheel base of the fan-shaped grinding wheel is a cup-shaped base III-11, and the grinding part of the fan-shaped grinding wheel is a fan-shaped grinding part III-12.

[0116] The cup-shaped substrate III-11 is "cup-shaped". Specifically, the longitudinal section of the cup-shaped substrate III-11 is an isosceles trapezoid, and the transverse section is a circle. This shape has good stability, can withstand uniform pressure from all directions, and is not easy to deform. The arc-shaped surface can reduce stress concentration, thereby improving overall strength and durability. At the same time, the substrate can be reduced in a variety of ways to reduce the weight of the grinding wheel and increase the rotation speed of the grinding wheel.

[0117] The fan-shaped grinding part III-12 is installed at the end with a larger diameter of the cup-shaped base III-11, and the angle range of the fan-shaped grinding part III-12 is less than or equal to 360°, that is, the fan-shaped grinding part III-12 can be installed individually or in multiples. When two or more fan-shaped grinding parts III-12 are installed, that is, the angle of a single fan-shaped grinding part III-12 is less than 360°, and a gap is left between adjacent fan-shaped grinding parts III-12, that is, a slotted structure is formed, so as to avoid interference between the grinding wheel and the turbine disk II-6 during the grinding process, thereby achieving fast and flexible feed, alignment and retraction, and increasing the chip space and reducing grinding wheel clogging; in addition, the slotted structure transforms the continuous moving heat source in the grinding arc zone into an intermittent moving heat source, thereby enhancing the heat dissipation in the grinding zone, which can significantly reduce the grinding temperature, help to reduce and avoid thermal damage to the surface of the turbine disk II-6, and improve the processing quality; at the same time, the slotted structure can increase the flow of coolant entering the grinding zone, enable the grinding fluid to enter and exit the grinding zone at a higher frequency, and play a better cooling effect.

[0118] When two or more fan-shaped grinding parts III-12 are installed, the basic principle of installation is: the gap between two adjacent fan-shaped grinding parts III-12 should be greater than or equal to the thickness of the turbine disk II-6, and its function is the same as that of the slotted structure. The maximum number of fan-shaped grinding parts III-12 can be obtained by formula (2):

[0119]

[0120] In formula (2), d represents the width between the sector-shaped grinding parts III-12, and its minimum value is also equal to the thickness of the turbine disk II-6, and its maximum value cannot exceed the circumference of the inner circle of the grinding wheel.

[0121] like Figure 9(a)-Figure 9(c) As shown, the cup-shaped base III-11 is installed with two fan-shaped grinding parts III-12, and the two fan-shaped grinding parts III-12 are symmetrically installed; Figure 10(a)-Figure 10(c) As shown, the cup-shaped base III-11 is installed with four sector-shaped grinding parts III-12, and the four sector-shaped grinding parts III-12 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the cup-shaped base III-11.

[0122] For the weight reduction scheme, a weight reduction groove III-13 can be opened on the cup-shaped base III-11, and the shape of the weight reduction groove III-13 can be square, triangular or arc-shaped. The number of weight reduction grooves III-13 is not limited. It should be noted that the number of weight reduction grooves III-13 can be an odd number or an even number. In the present embodiment, the shape of the weight reduction groove III-13 is an arc-shaped. The arc-shaped groove can disperse the stress of the base when it is subjected to force and reduce the stress concentration phenomenon. At the same time, it can distribute the stress more evenly, thereby resisting deformation and damage. As the number of weight reduction grooves III-13 increases, the arc length and height of the corresponding weight reduction groove III-13 decrease, and the rotation angle is α.

[0123]

[0124] In formula (3), n represents the number of turbine disks II-6.

[0125] like Figure 11(a)-Figure 11(c) As shown, the cup-shaped base III-11 is symmetrically provided with two weight-reducing grooves III-13; Figure 12(a)-Figure 12(c) As shown, the cup-shaped base III-11 has three weight-reducing grooves III-13 evenly distributed thereon; Figure 13(a)-Figure 13(c) As shown, the cup-shaped base III-11 has six weight-reducing grooves III-13 evenly distributed thereon.

[0126] Regarding the connection method between the sector-shaped grinding component and the cup-shaped base III-11, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 14(a) and FIG. 14(b), Figure 15(a)-Figure 15(c) as well as Figure 16(a)-Figure 16(c)As shown, an annular boss III-15 is provided on the contact surface between the cup-shaped base III-11 and the fan-shaped grinding component, and a limiting hole III-10 is provided on the peripheral side of the annular boss III-15; a limiting groove III-14 is provided on the mating surface between the fan-shaped grinding component and the cup-shaped base III-11, and the limiting groove III-14 is plug-fitted with the annular boss III-15, and at the same time, a limiting protrusion of the fan-shaped grinding component located on the inner side of the limiting groove III-14 is also provided with a limiting hole III-10, and the connection between the fan-shaped grinding component and the cup-shaped base III-11 is achieved by arranging an expansion screw III-6 in the limiting hole III-10.

[0127] like Figure 25(a)-Figure 25(c) As shown, the expansion screw III-6 includes a core shaft III-18 and a sleeve III-19, and the core shaft III-18 is coaxially arranged in the sleeve III-19. As shown in Figures 23(a) and 23(b), a plurality of notches are formed in an annular direction at one end of the sleeve III-19; Figure 24(a)-Figure 24(c) As shown, a nut is provided at one end of the core shaft III-18, and the nut corresponds to one end of the sleeve III-19 where a slot is provided.

[0128] During assembly, align the limiting holes of the cup-shaped base III-11 and the fan-shaped grinding part III-12, insert the expansion screw III-6 into the limiting hole III-10, and tap it lightly with a hammer to make the sleeve III-19 of the expansion screw III-6 enter the limiting hole III-10. After that, use a screwdriver or a wrench to tighten the nut of the expansion screw III-6. As the nut is tightened, the sleeve III-19 will expand in the limiting hole III-10, thereby tightly fixing the cup-shaped base III-11 and the fan-shaped grinding part III-12.

[0129] It should be noted that the diameter and depth of the limit hole III-10 must match the specifications of the expansion screw III-6, and the depth of the groove should not be too deep to avoid the grinding part becoming thinner and causing the grinding wheel to deform during operation and affect the processing accuracy.

[0130] Embodiment 3:

[0131] The grinding wheel of this embodiment is a fan-shaped grinding wheel, which is different from the embodiment 2 in that: as shown in FIG. 17 (a) and FIG. 17 (b), Figure 18(a)-Figure 18(c) as well as Figure 19(a)-Figure 19(c) As shown, the annular boss III-15 is arranged on the contact surface of the fan-shaped grinding part III-12, and a limiting groove III-14 is arranged on the contact surface of the cup-shaped base III-11.

[0132] The other structures are the same as those in Example 2 and will not be described again here.

[0133] Embodiment 4:

[0134] The grinding wheel of this embodiment is a fan-shaped grinding wheel, which is different from the embodiment 2 in that: as shown in FIG. 20 (a) and FIG. 20 (b), Figure 21(a)-Figure 21(c) as well as Figure 22(a)-Figure 22(c) As shown, the contact surface of the fan-shaped grinding part III-12 is provided with two symmetrical semi-annular bosses III-16, and there is a certain distance between the end faces of the two semi-annular bosses III-16; the semi-annular boss III-16 has a limit hole III-10. A matching groove is provided on the contact surface of the cup-shaped base III-11, and the shape of the matching groove is shown in Figure 22 (c). It consists of two parts, namely, a fan-shaped groove and a semi-annular groove connected to the fan-shaped groove. The end face of the semi-annular groove is a limit face III-17, which abuts against the end of the semi-annular boss III-16 to achieve circumferential positioning of the grinding wheel during high-speed operation; a limit hole III-10 is provided on the inner side (close to the center of the circle) of the semi-annular groove.

[0135] The other structures are the same as those in Example 2 and will not be described again here.

[0136] Embodiment 5:

[0137] This embodiment provides a turbine disc tongue and groove grinding device, such as Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, it includes a machine tool system I, a turbine disc clamping device II and a grinding wheel III, and the grinding wheel III adopts the detachable grinding wheel described in any one of Examples 1 to 4; the machine tool system I includes a machine tool worktable I-1 and a machine tool spindle III-5, and the grinding wheel III is installed on the machine tool spindle III-5 through a tool handle III-4. After the grinding wheel and the tool handle III-4 are matched, a dynamic balancing ring is used for dynamic balancing, and the dynamic balancing grade is G2.5.

[0138] The turbine disk clamping device II includes a driving mechanism and a clamp. In the present embodiment, the driving mechanism includes a first driving motor I-2, a reducer I-5, a screw II-9, and a screw nut II-8. The first driving motor I-2 is connected to the reducer I-5 through a first coupling I-4, and the reducer I-5 is connected to the screw II-9 through a second coupling I-6; the screw II-9 is supported on the upper side of the machine tool worktable I-1 by a bearing seat I-7, and the screw nut II-8 cooperates with the screw II-9. The clamp is used to clamp the turbine disk II-6, and the clamp is connected to the nut through the support seat II-2. The clamp moves along the screw II-9 with the support seat II-2 by rotating the screw II-9, so that the installation position of the turbine disk II-6 can be flexibly adjusted to better grind the turbine disk II-6.

[0139] The first drive motor I-2 is equipped with a speed sensor I-3 for feedback and control of the speed of the first drive motor I-2. The first drive motor I-2 may be a DC servo motor or an AC servo motor, and the reducer I-5 may be a single-stage gear reducer I-5, a harmonic gear reducer I-5 or an RV reducer I-5.

[0140] The fixture includes a second drive motor II-4, a flange II-5, and a cover II-7. The turbine disc II-6 is bolted to the motor shaft of the second drive motor II-4 through the flange II-5 and the cover II-7. The second drive motor II-4 is fixed on the support seat II-2, and the second drive motor II-4 is installed vertically. The support seat II-2 is also equipped with a fixture sensor II-3 and a controller II-1. The fixture sensor II-3 can be an inductive sensor or a voltage sensor, which can measure the displacement, pressure, vibration and other parameters of the grinding wheel, and is used to feedback the feed and retract signals of the grinding wheel, and convert the pressure signal into a voltage or current signal and transmit it to the controller II-1. The specific working process is: when the grinding wheel retracts, the fixture sensor II-3 detects the signal, and the signal is amplified and conditioned, and then fed back to the controller II-1. The controller II-1 analyzes the signal and responds quickly, and sends a command to the second drive motor II-4. The second drive motor II-4 receives the signal and drives the turbine disc II-6 to rotate a certain angle.

[0141] Embodiment 6:

[0142] This embodiment provides a turbine disc tenon-groove grinding method, using the grinding device described in Embodiment 5, comprising the following steps:

[0143] Step 1: Clean the surface of the workpiece to be processed.

[0144] Step 2: Installation:

[0145] (1) Install the grinding wheel III on the machine tool spindle III-5;

[0146] (2) Install the drive mechanism, fixture, turbine disk II-6, and screw II-9 on the machine tool worktable I-1, check the equipment installation accuracy and ensure that the parallelism between the turbine disk II-6 and the machine tool worktable I-1 is less than 10μm.

[0147] Step 3: Grinding:

[0148] (1) Move the grinding part of the grinding wheel into the tenon groove of turbine disk II-6 so that the grinding part is aligned with the tenon groove shape of turbine disk II-6;

[0149] (2) By using programming software, a grinding program for the tenon groove of turbine disk II-6 is pre-programmed to grind the tenon groove of turbine disk II-6; when a single-sided grinding wheel is used, the grinding wheel and turbine disk II-6 are moved to a suitable position to start grinding on one side. After the grinding is completed, the turbine disk II-6 is rotated by a certain angle to grind the next tenon groove. When a double-sided grinding wheel is used, the turbine disk II-6 and the grinding wheel are moved to a suitable position to process both sides of the tenon groove until the tenon groove processing accuracy meets the required accuracy requirements.

[0150] (3) When the entire mortise and tenon processing is completed, the fixture detects the withdrawal of the grinding wheel through the fixture sensor II-3, and feeds back the signal to the controller II-1, causing the second drive motor II-4 to rotate a certain angle (the rotation angle can be determined by the number of mortise and tenon grooves on the turbine disk II-6), and starts the grinding process of the next mortise and tenon groove. This cycle is repeated until the grinding process of all mortise and tenon grooves is completed.

[0151] When a single claw-shaped grinding part III-1 is used for grinding, its motion trajectory is pendulum-like. Specifically, the single claw-shaped grinding part III-1 will reciprocate within a preset angle range. This pendulum-like motion mode helps to achieve a more uniform material removal rate during the grinding process of the mortise and tenon, thereby significantly improving the grinding efficiency.

[0152] If multiple claw-shaped grinding parts III-1 are used for grinding, then according to the specific requirements of the processing and the shape characteristics of the mortise and tenon, you can choose to continue to use the pendulum trajectory to maintain the uniformity and efficiency of grinding; or, you can choose to use a more traditional circular trajectory to make the claw-shaped grinding part III-1 move in a circle around a center point. This circular trajectory may be more suitable for achieving mortise and tenon processing of specific shapes or precisions in some cases.

[0153] Among them, the grinding parameters include grinding wheel speed, spindle feed speed and grinding depth, which are determined according to the turbine disk II-6 material and the mortise and tenon processing requirements; the grinding wheel inner diameter linear speed is set to 5-100m / s, and the grinding wheel speed is converted according to the grinding wheel diameter; the spindle feed speed is set to 50-5000mm / min; and the grinding depth is set to 0.005-1mm.

[0154] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A detachable grinding wheel for grinding the tongue and groove of a turbine disc, characterized in that: It comprises a grinding wheel base and a grinding part, wherein the grinding wheel base is provided with at least two grinding parts in the circumference thereof, and the grinding parts are detachably connected to the grinding wheel base; The grinding wheel base is a clamping plate base or a cup-shaped base, the grinding part is a claw-shaped grinding part or a fan-shaped grinding part, the claw-shaped grinding part and the clamping plate base constitute a claw-shaped grinding wheel, and the fan-shaped grinding part and the cup-shaped base constitute a fan-shaped grinding wheel.

2. A detachable grinding wheel for grinding tongue and groove of turbine disc according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping plate base comprises two circular plates parallel to each other, which are connected by a connecting component and have an installation gap; one end of the claw-shaped grinding part extends into the installation gap and is detachably connected to the circular plate.

3. A detachable grinding wheel for grinding tongue and groove of turbine disc according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connecting component is a columnar structure, and the end surface of the claw-shaped grinding part extending into the installation gap is an arc surface so as to fit with the columnar structure.

4. A detachable grinding wheel for grinding tongue and groove of turbine disc according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The other end of the claw-shaped grinding part has a claw portion, and the claw portion is arranged outside the claw-shaped grinding part, or is arranged on both sides of the claw-shaped grinding part.

5. The detachable grinding wheel for grinding the tongue and groove of a turbine disc according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle range of the sector-shaped grinding portion is less than or equal to 360°; The cup-shaped base is provided with a boss, and the fan-shaped grinding part is provided with a limiting groove matched with the boss; or, the fan-shaped grinding part is provided with a boss, and the cup-shaped base is provided with a limiting groove matched with the boss.

6. A detachable grinding wheel for grinding tongue and groove of turbine disc according to claim 1, 2 or 5, characterized in that: The grinding wheel base may be provided with a weight-reducing groove.

7. A detachable grinding wheel for grinding tongue and groove of turbine disc according to claim 1, 2 or 5, characterized in that: The grinding part is connected to the grinding wheel base through expansion screws; The expansion screw comprises a sleeve and a core shaft, wherein the core shaft is coaxially arranged inside the sleeve; when the core shaft is tightened, the sleeve expands in the corresponding hole.

8. A detachable grinding wheel for grinding tongue and groove of turbine disc according to claim 1, 2 or 5, characterized in that: An abrasive layer is attached to the surface of the grinding part.

9. A turbine disc tenon and groove grinding device, characterized in that: It comprises a machine tool system, a turbine disc clamping device and a detachable grinding wheel as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the detachable grinding wheel is mounted on a machine tool spindle; The turbine disc clamping device includes a clamp, a clamp sensor and a driving mechanism. The clamp is used to clamp the turbine disc, and the driving mechanism is used to drive the clamp to move linearly to change the position of the turbine disc; the clamp sensor is used to feed back the detection signal to the controller when the grinding wheel is retracted, and the controller controls the clamp to rotate the turbine disc.

10. A turbine disc tenon and groove grinding method, characterized in that: The grinding device according to claim 9 comprises: Move the grinding part of the grinding wheel into the tenon groove of the turbine disc and align the grinding part with the shape of the tenon groove; The turbine disc is ground using a single-sided grinding wheel or a double-sided grinding wheel; After the entire mortise and tenon processing is completed, the fixture sensor detects that the grinding wheel has withdrawn, and the fixture drives the turbine disk to rotate so that the next mortise and tenon is aligned with the grinding part for grinding.

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