Special compound fertilizer for saline-alkali soil rice and preparation method of special compound fertilizer

Abstract

The invention discloses a special compound fertilizer for saline-alkali soil rice and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of fertilizer preparation. Comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of nitrogen fertilizer, 10-15 parts of calcium superphosphate, 8-12 parts of modified attapulgite, 50-80 parts of biomass straw, 1-3 parts of trace elements, 0.5-2 parts of amino acid, 2-4 parts of bacillus subtilis, 3-5 parts of silicate bacteria, 2-5 parts of salt-tolerant azospirillum brasilense and 10-20 parts of desulfurized gypsum. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 1, weighing the raw materials in parts by weight, and stirring and mixing the biomass straws, the trace elements, the amino acids, the bacillus subtilis, the silicate bacteria and the salt-tolerant azospirillum brasilense to obtain a premix; 2, continuously stirring and mixing the premix, nitrogen fertilizer, calcium superphosphate, modified attapulgite and desulfurized gypsum to obtain a mixture; and 3, granulating the mixture, and drying to obtain the compound fertilizer capable of promoting crop growth and improving the soil quality of the saline-alkali soil.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of fertilizer preparation, and in particular relates to a special compound fertilizer for rice in saline-alkali land and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Saline-alkali land refers to land affected by natural or human factors, which causes salt substances to gradually penetrate into the soil, making the soil contain more salt and alkali, and making this type of land unusable. Agricultural production under saline-alkali conditions is a major problem facing Chinese agriculture. Because the saline-alkali soil itself contains too much salt, according to the principle of plant cell osmosis, it is difficult for plant cells to absorb inorganic nutrients and water, causing the plants to die due to their own lack of inorganic nutrients and water. Therefore, it is difficult for crops to grow in saline-alkali land. At present, the global saline-alkali land is growing at a rate of about 1-1.5 million hectares per year. Saline-alkali land shows the characteristics of expansion, dispersion, and muddy when wet, shrinkage, compaction, hardness, and poor permeability when dry, which can cause crop physiological drought, affect the normal nutrition of crops, and even poison them, thereby affecting food production and reducing the area of ​​arable land. Especially for rice cultivation, rice is not easy to grow in saline-alkali land, which greatly limits the planting area of ​​rice, thereby affecting rice production.

[0003] The existing fertilizers for improving saline-alkali soil are relatively simple in function, poor in improving rice, and difficult to improve rice yield and growth quality, and poor in improving saline-alkali soil, making it difficult to achieve coordinated improvement of rice yield and growth quality and saline-alkali soil improvement, and further limited in performance for use in high-cold areas. Therefore, how to develop a special fertilizer that can keep rice growing normally in saline-alkali land to increase the rice planting area, thereby increasing rice yield to meet people's growing demand for rice, has become a technical problem that needs to be solved at present. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a special compound fertilizer for rice in saline-alkali land and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background technology.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A special compound fertilizer for rice in saline-alkali land, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0007] 30-50 parts of nitrogen fertilizer, 10-15 parts of superphosphate, 8-12 parts of modified attapulgite, 50-80 parts of biomass straw, 1-3 parts of trace elements, 0.5-2 parts of amino acids, 2-4 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 3-5 parts of silicate bacteria, 2-5 parts of salt-tolerant Brazilian Azospirillum, and 10-20 parts of desulfurized gypsum.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention, the modified attapulgite is prepared by the following steps:

[0009] Add 0.5-0.6 g of humic acid to 500 mL of deionized water, adjust the solution pH to 4-6, add 5-6 g of attapulgite, stir to react, filter, age for 22-24 hours, filter, and dry at 80° C. for 20-24 hours to obtain modified attapulgite.

[0010] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the usage ratio of humic acid, deionized water and attapulgite is 0.5-0.6 g:500 mL:5-8 g.

[0011] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the pH is adjusted to 4-6.

[0012] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the nitrogen fertilizer is one of urea, ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium nitrate and ammonium sulfate.

[0013] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the biomass straw is one of rice straw, corn straw, wheat straw and cotton straw.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention, the trace element is one of borax and zinc sulfate heptahydrate.

[0015] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the amino acid is one of glycine, threonine, leucine, alanine and methionine.

[0016] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a special compound fertilizer for rice in saline-alkali land, comprising the following steps:

[0017] Step 1, weighing raw materials by weight, stirring and mixing biomass straw, trace elements, amino acids, Bacillus subtilis, silicate bacteria and salt-tolerant Azospirillum brasiliensis to obtain a premix;

[0018] Step 2, continuing to stir and mix the premix obtained in step 1, nitrogen fertilizer, superphosphate, modified attapulgite and desulfurized gypsum to obtain a mixture;

[0019] Step 3: putting the mixture obtained in step 2 into a granulator for granulation and drying to obtain a special compound fertilizer for rice in saline-alkali land.

[0020] As a further solution of the present invention, the rotation speed during the stirring and mixing process in step 1 is 400-500 r / min, and the stirring time is 20-30 min; the rotation speed during the stirring and mixing process in step 2 is 1000-1200 r / min, and the stirring time is 40-60 min.

[0021] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0022] The saline-alkali land rice-specific compound fertilizer provided in the present invention is prepared by mixing nitrogen fertilizer, superphosphate, modified attapulgite, biomass straw, trace elements, amino acids, Bacillus subtilis, silicate bacteria, salt-tolerant Brazilian nitrogen-fixing spirillum and desulfurized gypsum. The compound fertilizer made by its specific formula raw materials can significantly improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil, increase the soil aggregate structure, alleviate the problem of soil compaction, improve the soil permeability and water and fertilizer retention capacity, and improve the utilization rate of the compound fertilizer. The modified attapulgite is prepared by humic acid modification, and the humic acid is coated on the surface and internal voids of the attapulgite, which improves the hydrophobicity and dispersibility of the attapulgite and improves the adsorption performance of the attapulgite. On the other hand, due to the strong adsorption and ion exchange capacity of the attapulgite, the metal ions therein replace the replaceable sodium ions on the soil colloid, thereby improving the physical and chemical properties of the saline-alkali soil, reducing the pH value and alkalinity of the saline-alkali soil, enhancing the ion adsorption capacity of the saline-alkali soil, and improving the water holding capacity of the saline-alkali soil.

[0023] The preparation method of the special compound fertilizer for rice in saline-alkali land provided by the present invention is simple. The prepared special compound fertilizer for rice in saline-alkali land has the effects of promoting crop growth, improving saline-alkali land soil quality and increasing the organic matter content of the land, can better regulate the physical and chemical properties of the soil, and avoid the re-accumulation of salt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Example 1

[0026] This embodiment provides a special compound fertilizer for rice in saline-alkali land, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0027] 30 parts of urea, 10 parts of superphosphate, 8 parts of modified attapulgite, 50 parts of rice straw, 1 part of borax, 0.5 parts of glycine, 2 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 3 parts of silicate bacteria, 2 parts of salt-tolerant Brazilian Azospirillum, and 10 parts of desulfurized gypsum.

[0028] The preparation steps of modified attapulgite are as follows:

[0029] 0.5 g of humic acid was added to 500 mL of deionized water, the pH value of the solution was adjusted to 5, 5 g of attapulgite was added, the mixture was stirred for reaction, filtered, aged for 24 h, filtered, and dried at 80° C. for 24 h to obtain modified attapulgite.

[0030] The preparation method is as follows:

[0031] Step 1, weighing raw materials by weight, stirring and mixing rice straw, borax, glycine, Bacillus subtilis, silicate bacteria and salt-tolerant Azospirillum brasiliensis at a rotation speed of 400 r / min and a stirring time of 20 min to obtain a premix;

[0032] Step 2, the premix obtained in step 1, urea, superphosphate, modified attapulgite and desulfurized gypsum are further stirred and mixed at a speed of 1000 r / min for 40 min to obtain a mixture;

[0033] Step 3: putting the mixture obtained in step 2 into a granulator for granulation and drying to obtain a special compound fertilizer for rice in saline-alkali land.

[0034] Example 2

[0035] The only difference from Example 1 is that:

[0036] 0.55 g of humic acid was added to 500 mL of deionized water, the pH value of the solution was adjusted to 5, 6 g of attapulgite was added, the mixture was stirred for reaction, filtered, aged for 24 h, filtered, and dried at 80° C. for 24 h to obtain modified attapulgite.

[0037] Example 3

[0038] The only difference from Example 1 is that:

[0039] 0.6 g of humic acid was added to 500 mL of deionized water, the pH value of the solution was adjusted to 5, 6 g of attapulgite was added, the mixture was stirred for reaction, filtered, aged for 22-24 h, filtered, and dried at 80° C. for 20-24 h to obtain modified attapulgite.

[0040] Example 4

[0041] The only difference from Example 1 is that:

[0042] 40 parts of urea, 12 parts of superphosphate, 10 parts of modified attapulgite, 60 parts of rice straw, 1 part of borax, 1 part of glycine, 2 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 3 parts of silicate bacteria, 2 parts of salt-tolerant Brazilian Azospirillum, and 15 parts of desulfurized gypsum.

[0043] Example 5

[0044] The only difference from Example 1 is that:

[0045] 50 parts of urea, 15 parts of superphosphate, 12 parts of modified attapulgite, 75 parts of rice straw, 2 parts of borax, 1.5 parts of glycine, 2 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 3 parts of silicate bacteria, 4 parts of salt-tolerant Brazilian Azospirillum, and 18 parts of desulfurized gypsum.

[0046] Example 6

[0047] The only difference from Example 1 is that:

[0048] 35 parts of ammonium bicarbonate, 10 parts of superphosphate, 10 parts of modified attapulgite, 75 parts of cotton straw, 2 parts of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 1 part of leucine, 2 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 3 parts of silicate bacteria, 2 parts of salt-tolerant Brazilian Azospirillum, and 15 parts of desulfurized gypsum.

[0049] Comparative Example 1

[0050] This comparative example provides a special compound fertilizer for rice in saline-alkali land, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0051] 30 parts of urea, 10 parts of superphosphate, 50 parts of rice straw, 1 part of borax, 0.5 parts of glycine, 2 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 3 parts of silicate bacteria, 2 parts of salt-tolerant Brazilian Azospirillum, and 10 parts of desulfurized gypsum.

[0052] The preparation method is as follows:

[0053] Step 1, weighing raw materials by weight, stirring and mixing rice straw, borax, glycine, Bacillus subtilis, silicate bacteria and salt-tolerant Azospirillum brasiliensis at a rotation speed of 400 r / min and a stirring time of 20 min to obtain a premix;

[0054] Step 2, the premix obtained in step 1, urea, superphosphate and desulfurized gypsum are further stirred and mixed at a speed of 1000 r / min for 40 min to obtain a mixture;

[0055] Step 3: putting the mixture obtained in step 2 into a granulator for granulation and drying to obtain a special compound fertilizer for rice in saline-alkali land.

[0056] Comparative Example 2

[0057] The only difference from Example 1 is that:

[0058] Replace 8 parts of modified attapulgite with 5 parts of modified attapulgite.

[0059] Comparative Example 3

[0060] The only difference from Example 1 is that:

[0061] 8 parts of modified attapulgite were replaced with 15 parts of modified attapulgite.

[0062] Comparative Example 4

[0063] The only difference from Example 1 is that:

[0064] 25 parts of urea, 10 parts of superphosphate, 8 parts of modified attapulgite, 40 parts of rice straw, 1 part of borax, 0.5 parts of glycine, 2 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 3 parts of silicate bacteria, 2 parts of salt-tolerant Brazilian Azospirillum, and 10 parts of desulfurized gypsum.

[0065] Comparative Example 5

[0066] The only difference from Example 1 is that:

[0067] The preparation method is as follows:

[0068] Step 1, weighing raw materials by weight, stirring and mixing rice straw, borax, glycine, Bacillus subtilis, silicate bacteria and salt-tolerant Azospirillum brasiliensis at a rotation speed of 300 r / min and a stirring time of 15 min to obtain a premix;

[0069] Step 2, the premix obtained in step 1, urea, superphosphate, modified attapulgite and desulfurized gypsum are further stirred and mixed at a speed of 800 r / min for 40 min to obtain a mixture;

[0070] Step 3: putting the mixture obtained in step 2 into a granulator for granulation and drying to obtain a special compound fertilizer for rice in saline-alkali land.

[0071] The fertilizers obtained from Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 were subjected to application tests:

[0072] The test site was conducted in Hainan, and the soil organic matter content (0.85%) and soil salt content (0.37%) in the test soil were tested; rice planting test was conducted, and the compound fertilizers obtained in the embodiment and the comparative example were used for fertilization to ensure that the fertilizer content of the experimental products was the same, and 120 kg of fertilizer was applied per mu. The performance measurement results are shown in Table 1:

[0073] Table 1

[0074]

[0075] It can be seen from Table 1 that, compared with Comparative Examples 1-5, the saline-alkali land rice-specific compound fertilizer obtained in Examples 1-6 has the effects of promoting rice growth, improving saline-alkali land soil quality and increasing the organic matter content of the land, and can better regulate the physical and chemical properties of the soil and avoid the re-accumulation of salt.

[0076] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0077] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A compound fertilizer specially used for rice in saline-alkali land, characterized in that: By weight, it includes the following raw materials: 30-50 parts of nitrogen fertilizer, 10-15 parts of superphosphate, 8-12 parts of modified attapulgite, 50-80 parts of biomass straw, 1-3 parts of trace elements, 0.5-2 parts of amino acids, 2-4 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 3-5 parts of silicate bacteria, 2-5 parts of salt-tolerant Brazilian Azospirillum, and 10-20 parts of desulfurized gypsum.

2. The compound fertilizer for rice in saline-alkali land according to claim 1, characterized in that: The modified attapulgite is prepared by the following steps: Add 0.5-0.6 g of humic acid to 500 mL of deionized water, adjust the solution pH to 4-6, add 5-6 g of attapulgite, stir to react, filter, age for 22-24 hours, filter, and dry at 80° C. for 20-24 hours to obtain modified attapulgite.

3. The special compound fertilizer for rice in saline-alkali land according to claim 2, characterized in that: The dosage ratio of humic acid, deionized water and attapulgite is 0.5-0.6g:500mL:5-8g.

4. The special compound fertilizer for rice in saline-alkali land according to claim 2, characterized in that: Adjust pH to 4-6.

5. The special compound fertilizer for rice in saline-alkali land according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nitrogen fertilizer is one of urea, ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium nitrate and ammonium sulfate.

6. The special compound fertilizer for rice in saline-alkali land according to claim 1, characterized in that: The biomass straw is one of rice straw, corn straw, wheat straw and cotton straw.

7. The special compound fertilizer for rice in saline-alkali land according to claim 1, characterized in that: The trace element is one of borax and zinc sulfate heptahydrate.

8. The special compound fertilizer for rice in saline-alkali land according to claim 1, characterized in that: The amino acid is one of glycine, threonine, leucine, alanine and methionine.

9. The method for preparing a special compound fertilizer for rice in saline-alkali land according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1, weighing raw materials by weight, stirring and mixing biomass straw, trace elements, amino acids, Bacillus subtilis, silicate bacteria and salt-tolerant Azospirillum brasiliensis to obtain a premix; Step 2, continuing to stir and mix the premix obtained in step 1, nitrogen fertilizer, superphosphate, modified attapulgite and desulfurized gypsum to obtain a mixture; Step 3: putting the mixture obtained in step 2 into a granulator for granulation and drying to obtain a special compound fertilizer for rice in saline-alkali land.

10. The method for preparing a special compound fertilizer for rice in saline-alkali land according to claim 9, characterized in that: The rotation speed during the stirring and mixing process of step 1 is 400-500 r / min, and the stirring time is 20-30 min; the rotation speed during the stirring and mixing process of step 2 is 1000-1200 r / min, and the stirring time is 40-60 min.

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