Laser spraying device and laser spraying method

Abstract

The invention discloses a laser spraying device and a laser spraying method.The laser spraying device comprises a device body, a laser channel, a sheet feeding channel and an air inlet channel are formed in the device body, the laser channel, the sheet feeding channel and the air inlet channel are all gathered in a gathering cavity, and the air inlet channel is coaxial with the central axis of the device body; the laser channel and the sheet feeding channel are arranged around the central axis of the device body in a central symmetry mode. The laser generating device comprises a prism and a laser source, and the prism converts laser of the laser source into linear laser and emits the linear laser into the laser channel; the sheet conveying device is connected with the sheet feeding channel; and the air storage tank is connected with the air inlet channel. The laser channel, the sheet feeding channel and the air inlet channel are all gathered in the gathering cavity, so that substances emitted by the gathering cavity can be controlled by controlling opening and closing of the laser generating device, the sheet conveying device and the air storage tank, the three processes of preheating before spraying, laser spraying and coating remelting after spraying are completed, the equipment integration degree is higher, and the cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of laser spraying equipment, and in particular to a laser spraying device and a laser spraying method. Background Art

[0002] Thermal spraying technology is a method of using a heat source to heat the spray material to a molten or semi-molten state, and spraying and depositing it onto the pre-treated substrate surface at a certain speed to form a coating. It is a surface treatment engineering technology. Generally, since the coating and substrate formed by thermal spraying technology are essentially more stress-bonded rather than metallurgical-bonded, the thermal spray coating has high porosity, often cracks, and poor performance to a certain extent. Therefore, in order to effectively improve the performance of thermal spray coatings, a new type of thermal spray nozzle structure is needed to achieve a better combination of coating and substrate.

[0003] At present, in order to improve the performance of the coating after spraying, the substrate can be preheated before spraying to make it more closely bonded with the coating later, or the coating can be heated again with an external heat source after spraying to melt the coating again to reduce the porosity of the coating. For this purpose, it is often necessary to prepare three types of equipment: preheating equipment before spraying, spraying equipment, and remelting equipment after spraying, which undoubtedly increases the cost of spraying, increases the spraying time, and affects the spraying efficiency of the product.

[0004] Moreover, in some application scenarios, sheets are used to improve the efficiency of laser additive manufacturing. After the sheets are melted, it is more difficult to combine with the substrate, the porosity is higher, and the above-mentioned problems are more obvious. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention proposes a laser spraying device, which can integrate three devices, namely, preheating equipment before spraying, spraying equipment and remelting equipment after spraying, into one body for sheet materials, thereby reducing the spraying cost.

[0006] In addition, the present invention also proposes a laser spraying method based on the above-mentioned laser spraying device, which can integrate the three processes of early preheating, laser melting spraying and later remelting to shorten the overall spraying time.

[0007] The laser spraying device according to the first embodiment of the present invention comprises:

[0008] The device body is provided with a laser channel, a sheet material feeding channel and an air inlet channel, the laser channel, the sheet material feeding channel and the air inlet channel are all converged into a collecting cavity, the air inlet channel is coaxial with the central axis of the device body, and the laser channel and the sheet material feeding channel are centrally symmetrically arranged around the central axis of the device body;

[0009] A laser generating device, the laser generating device comprising a prism and a laser source, the laser source emitting laser light to the prism, and the prism converting the point laser light emitted by the laser source into a line laser light and emitting the line laser light into the laser channel;

[0010] a sheet conveying device, the sheet conveying device being connected to the sheet feeding passage and outputting sheets to the sheet feeding passage;

[0011] A gas storage tank, the gas storage tank is connected to the air intake passage and outputs gas to the air intake passage;

[0012] Among them, only turning on the laser generating device can make the collecting cavity emit laser to complete the preheating of the substrate or the remelting of the coating; turning on the laser generating device, the sheet conveying device and the gas tank can make the collecting cavity emit molten sheet to complete laser spraying.

[0013] The laser spraying device according to the embodiment of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: the laser channel, the sheet material feeding channel and the air inlet channel are all converged in the collecting chamber, so that by controlling the laser generating device, the sheet material conveying device and the opening and closing of the gas storage tank, the material ejected from the collecting chamber can be controlled, thereby completing the three processes of preheating before spraying, laser spraying and coating remelting after spraying, the equipment is more integrated, and the cost of the spraying process is reduced.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the laser generating device also includes a driving component, the prism is used to refract the laser, and the driving component is connected to the prism and can drive the prism to rotate, so that the point laser is quickly refracted to form a line laser, which is scanned on the sheet.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the driving member is specifically a motor, and the prism is mounted on a rotating shaft of the motor.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the sheet conveying device includes two conveying components, each of which includes at least two conveying rollers; the two conveying components jointly clamp the sheet, and the conveying rollers in the two conveying components rotate at the same speed but in opposite directions, so as to push the clamped sheet toward the collecting chamber.

[0017] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the conveying assembly further comprises a conveying belt, wherein the conveying belt is wound around each of the conveying rollers, and the conveying belt is in direct contact with the sheet material.

[0018] According to some embodiments of the present invention, teeth are provided on the outer side surface of the conveying roller, and the conveying belt is specifically a synchronous belt and meshes with the conveying roller.

[0019] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the air inlet channel is specifically a Rafale structure, and the inner diameter of the air inlet channel gradually decreases and then gradually increases along the gas flow direction.

[0020] According to some embodiments of the present invention, an inner diameter of an air inlet end of the air inlet passage is greater than an inner diameter of an air outlet end of the air inlet passage.

[0021] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the laser spraying device also includes a nozzle, wherein the two ends of the nozzle are a large diameter end and a small diameter end respectively, the inner diameter of the nozzle gradually decreases from the large diameter end to the small diameter end, the large diameter end of the nozzle is connected to the device body, and the internal space of the nozzle forms the collecting chamber.

[0022] The laser spraying method according to the second aspect of the present invention is performed based on the above-mentioned laser spraying device and comprises the following steps:

[0023] Connecting the laser spraying device to an external laser spraying control system, and connecting the air inlet passage to the air storage tank through a pipeline;

[0024] Selecting a substrate to be sprayed and a corresponding sheet material, and feeding the sheet material into the sheet material conveying device;

[0025] Pre-treating the substrate, turning on the laser generating device, and allowing the laser to pass through the laser channel and the collecting cavity in sequence and be emitted to the surface of the substrate to preheat the substrate;

[0026] The preheated substrate surface is sprayed, the sheet conveying device and the gas storage tank are turned on, the sheet, the high-pressure gas and the laser are all gathered in the collecting chamber, the laser melts the sheet, and the high-pressure gas sprays the melted sheet onto the substrate surface;

[0027] Remelting the sprayed coating, closing the sheet conveying device and the gas storage tank, and shooting the laser through the laser channel and the collecting cavity in sequence to the coating surface, melting the coating again to reduce the porosity;

[0028] The laser generating device is turned off, and the finished product after spraying is taken out, and the laser spraying work is completed.

[0029] The laser spraying method according to the embodiment of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: by controlling the opening and closing of the laser generating device, the sheet conveying device and the gas storage tank, the three processes of substrate preheating, laser spraying and coating remelting can be completed respectively, so that the porosity of the coating after spraying is lower, and because only one laser spraying device is used to complete the three processes, repeated clamping is avoided, the spraying time is reduced, and the spraying efficiency is improved.

[0030] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, wherein:

[0032] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a laser spraying device according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 A three-dimensional diagram of a conveying assembly 310 in a laser spraying device according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the nozzle 400 in the laser spraying device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure numerals: 100 - device body, 110 - laser channel, 120 - sheet inlet channel, 130 - air inlet channel, 140 - collecting chamber, 200 - laser generating device, 210 - prism, 220 - motor, 300 - sheet conveying device, 310 - conveying assembly, 311 - conveying roller, 312 - conveying belt, 400 - nozzle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0037] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that descriptions involving orientations, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., and orientations or positional relationships indicated are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, "several" means more than one, "many" means more than two, "greater than", "less than", "exceed", etc. are understood to exclude the number itself, and "above", "below", "within", etc. are understood to include the number itself. If there is a description of "first" or "second", it is only used for the purpose of distinguishing the technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying the relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as setting, installing, connecting, etc. should be understood in a broad sense, and technicians in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific content of the technical solution.

[0040] In the description of the present invention, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0041] Thermal spraying technology is a method of using a heat source to heat the spray material to a molten or semi-molten state, and spraying and depositing it onto the pre-treated substrate surface at a certain speed to form a coating. It is a surface treatment engineering technology. Generally, since the coating and substrate formed by thermal spraying technology are essentially more stress-bonded rather than metallurgical-bonded, the thermal spray coating has high porosity, often cracks, and poor performance to a certain extent. Therefore, in order to effectively improve the performance of thermal spray coatings, a new type of thermal spray nozzle structure is needed to achieve a better combination of coating and substrate.

[0042] At present, in order to improve the performance of the coating after spraying, the substrate can be preheated before spraying to make it more closely bonded with the coating later, or the coating can be heated again with an external heat source after spraying to melt the coating again to reduce the porosity of the coating. For this purpose, it is often necessary to prepare three types of equipment: preheating equipment before spraying, spraying equipment, and remelting equipment after spraying, which undoubtedly increases the cost of spraying, increases the spraying time, and affects the spraying efficiency of the product.

[0043] In this regard, the present application proposes a laser spraying device, in which the laser channel 110, the sheet material feeding channel 120 and the air inlet channel 130 all converge in the collecting chamber 140, so that by controlling the opening and closing of the laser generating device 200, the sheet material conveying device 300 and the gas storage tank, the material ejected from the collecting chamber 140 can be controlled, thereby completing the three processes of preheating before spraying, laser spraying and coating remelting after spraying, and the equipment has a higher degree of integration, which reduces the cost of the spraying process. In addition, the present application also proposes a laser spraying method based on the above-mentioned laser spraying device, which can complete the three processes of substrate preheating, laser spraying and coating remelting respectively by controlling the opening and closing of the laser generating device 200, the sheet material conveying device 300 and the gas storage tank, so that the porosity of the coating after spraying is lower, and since only one laser spraying device is used to complete the three processes, repeated clamping is avoided, the spraying time is reduced, and the spraying efficiency is improved.

[0044] Reference Figure 1 The laser spraying device in the embodiment of the first aspect of the present application includes a device body 100, a laser generating device 200, a sheet conveying device 300 and a gas tank. Among them, the device body 100 is the main structure of the laser spraying device, the laser generating device 200 is used to emit laser to the device body 100, the sheet conveying device 300 is used to convey the sheet to the device body 100, and the gas tank is used to convey high-pressure gas to the device body. By controlling the opening and closing of the laser generating device 200, the sheet conveying device and the gas tank, the substance finally sprayed by the device body 100 can be changed, thereby completing three different processes of substrate preheating, laser spraying and coating remelting.

[0045] Specifically, a laser channel 110, a sheet material inlet channel 120 and an air inlet channel 130 are provided in the device body 100. The laser channel 110, the sheet material inlet channel 120 and the air inlet channel 130 all converge into a collecting chamber 140. The air inlet channel 130 is coaxial with the central axis of the device body 100, thereby ensuring that the high-pressure gas is ejected along the central axis of the device body 100, and it is easy to determine the ejection direction of the molten sheet during laser spraying. The laser channel 110 and the sheet material inlet channel 120 are centrally symmetrically arranged around the central axis of the device body 100, so that the sheet can collide with the propagation path of the laser, and the two complete the melting of the sheet at the intersection, and then the high-pressure gas ejected from the air inlet channel 130 ejects the molten sheet to the surface of the substrate.

[0046] The laser generating device 200 includes a prism 210 and a laser source. The laser source emits laser light to the prism 210, and the prism 210 converts the point laser light emitted by the laser source into a line laser light and emits the line laser light into the laser channel 110. The sheet conveying device 300 is connected to the sheet feeding channel 120 and outputs sheets to the sheet feeding channel 120, and the gas storage tank is connected to the gas feeding channel 130 and outputs gas to the gas feeding channel 130.

[0047] Among them, only turning on the laser generating device 200 can enable the collecting chamber 140 to emit laser to complete the preheating of the substrate or the remelting of the coating; turning on the laser generating device 200, the sheet conveying device 300 and the gas storage tank can enable the collecting chamber to emit molten sheet to complete laser spraying.

[0048] Furthermore, the laser generating device 200 also includes a driving member. The prism 210 is used to refract the laser, and the driving member is connected to the prism 210 and can drive the prism 210 to rotate. Thus, by rotating the prism 210, the point laser emitted from the laser source can be quickly refracted to form a line laser, and scanned on the sheet to complete the melting of the sheet.

[0049] Specifically, the driving member is a motor 220, and the prism 210 is mounted on the rotating shaft of the motor 220. Alternatively, the prism 210 can also be linked with the rotating shaft of the motor 220 through a transmission mechanism, which includes but is not limited to a belt transmission mechanism, a chain transmission mechanism, and a gear transmission mechanism.

[0050] Further, the sheet conveying device 300 includes two conveying assemblies 310, referring to Figure 2 The conveying assembly 310 includes at least two conveying rollers 311, and the sheet is driven forward by the rotation of the conveying rollers 311. The two conveying assemblies 310 clamp the sheet together, and the conveying rollers 311 in the two conveying assemblies 310 rotate at the same speed but in opposite directions to push the clamped sheet toward the collecting chamber 140.

[0051] Furthermore, the conveying assembly 310 also includes a conveying belt 312, which is wound around each conveying roller 311 and directly contacts the sheet. The conveying belt 312 forms a line surface contact with the sheet, which has a more stable contact effect than the point line contact between the conveying roller 311 and the sheet, thereby preventing the sheet from being deviated in direction during the conveying process.

[0052] Furthermore, teeth are provided on the outer side of the conveying roller 311 , and the conveying belt 312 is specifically a synchronous belt and meshes with the conveying roller 311 , so as to avoid the conveying delay caused by the relative displacement between the conveying roller 311 and the conveying belt 312 .

[0053] Furthermore, the gas stored in the gas storage tank is a protective gas under high pressure, and the protective gas can be argon, helium or other inert gases.

[0054] Optionally, the inlet channel 130 is specifically a Rafael structure, and the inner diameter of the inlet channel 130 gradually decreases along the gas flow direction and then gradually increases. It is worth noting that the inner diameter of the inlet end of the inlet channel 130 is larger than the inner diameter of the outlet end of the inlet channel 130, ensuring that the gas has a higher pressure and flow rate when it is ejected than when it is injected. The Rafael structure is a common nozzle structure, which is a prior art, and the specific parameters and working principle are not repeated here.

[0055] Furthermore, the laser spraying device further comprises a nozzle 400, referring to Figure 3 The two ends of the nozzle 400 are respectively a large diameter end and a small diameter end, and the inner diameter of the nozzle 400 gradually decreases from the large diameter end to the small diameter end, forming a cone shape. The large diameter end of the nozzle 400 is connected to the device body 100, and the internal space of the nozzle 400 forms a collection chamber 140.

[0056] A laser spraying method in an embodiment of the second aspect of the present application is performed based on the above-mentioned laser spraying device, comprising the following steps:

[0057] S100. The laser spraying device is connected to an external laser spraying control system, and the air inlet passage 130 is connected to the gas tank by a pipe;

[0058] S200. Select the substrate to be sprayed and the corresponding sheet, and feed the sheet into the sheet conveying device 300;

[0059] S300. Pre-treat the substrate, turn on the laser generating device 200, and the laser passes through the laser channel 110 and the collecting cavity 140 in sequence and is emitted to the surface of the substrate to preheat the substrate;

[0060] S400. The preheated substrate surface is sprayed, the sheet conveying device 300 and the gas tank are turned on, the sheet, the high-pressure gas and the laser are all gathered in the collecting chamber 140, the laser melts the sheet, and the high-pressure gas sprays the melted sheet onto the substrate surface;

[0061] S500. The sprayed coating is remelted, the sheet conveying device 300 and the gas tank are closed, and the laser passes through the laser channel 110 and the collecting cavity 140 in sequence and is shot to the coating surface, and the coating is melted again to reduce the porosity;

[0062] S600. Turn off the laser generating device 200, take out the sprayed finished product, and the laser spraying work is completed.

[0063] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Various changes can be made within the knowledge of ordinary technicians in the relevant technical field without departing from the purpose of the present invention. In addition, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

Claims

1. A laser spraying device, characterized in that: include: The device body is provided with a laser channel, a sheet material feeding channel and an air inlet channel, the laser channel, the sheet material feeding channel and the air inlet channel are all converged into a collecting cavity, the air inlet channel is coaxial with the central axis of the device body, and the laser channel and the sheet material feeding channel are centrally symmetrically arranged around the central axis of the device body; A laser generating device, the laser generating device comprising a prism and a laser source, the laser source emitting laser light to the prism, and the prism converting the point laser light emitted by the laser source into a line laser light and emitting the line laser light into the laser channel; a sheet conveying device, the sheet conveying device being connected to the sheet feeding passage and outputting sheets to the sheet feeding passage; A gas storage tank, the gas storage tank is connected to the air intake passage and outputs gas to the air intake passage; Among them, only turning on the laser generating device can make the collecting cavity emit laser to complete the preheating of the substrate or the remelting of the coating; turning on the laser generating device, the sheet conveying device and the gas tank can make the collecting cavity emit molten sheet to complete laser spraying.

2. The laser spraying device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser generating device also includes a driving component. The prism is used to refract the laser. The driving component is connected to the prism and can drive the prism to rotate, so that the point laser is quickly refracted to form a line laser, which is scanned on the sheet.

3. The laser spraying device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving member is specifically a motor, and the prism is mounted on a rotating shaft of the motor.

4. The laser spraying device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sheet conveying device includes two conveying assemblies, each of which includes at least two conveying rollers; the two conveying assemblies clamp the sheet together, and the conveying rollers in the two conveying assemblies rotate at the same speed but in opposite directions to push the clamped sheet toward the collecting chamber.

5. The laser spraying device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The conveying assembly further comprises a conveying belt, which is wound around each of the conveying rollers and is in direct contact with the sheet material.

6. The laser spraying device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer side surface of the conveying roller is provided with teeth, and the conveying belt is specifically a synchronous belt and is meshed with the conveying roller.

7. The laser spraying device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet passage is specifically a Lafarge structure, and the inner diameter of the air inlet passage gradually decreases along the gas flow direction and then gradually increases.

8. The laser spraying device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the air inlet end of the air inlet passage is greater than the inner diameter of the air outlet end of the air inlet passage.

9. The laser spraying device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The laser spraying device also includes a nozzle, the two ends of the nozzle are respectively a large diameter end and a small diameter end, the inner diameter of the nozzle gradually decreases from the large diameter end to the small diameter end, the large diameter end of the nozzle is connected to the device body, and the internal space of the nozzle forms the collecting chamber.

10. A laser spraying method, performed based on the laser spraying device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: include: Connecting the laser spraying device to an external laser spraying control system, and connecting the air inlet passage to the air storage tank through a pipeline; Selecting a substrate to be sprayed and a corresponding sheet material, and feeding the sheet material into the sheet material conveying device; Pre-treating the substrate, turning on the laser generating device, and allowing the laser to pass through the laser channel and the collecting cavity in sequence and be emitted to the surface of the substrate to preheat the substrate; The preheated substrate surface is sprayed, the sheet conveying device and the gas storage tank are turned on, the sheet, the high-pressure gas and the laser are all gathered in the collecting chamber, the laser melts the sheet, and the high-pressure gas sprays the melted sheet onto the substrate surface; Remelting the sprayed coating, closing the sheet conveying device and the gas storage tank, and shooting the laser through the laser channel and the collecting cavity in sequence to the coating surface, melting the coating again to reduce the porosity; The laser generating device is turned off, and the finished product after spraying is taken out, and the laser spraying work is completed.

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