Foundation pit excavation drilling device and method for building construction

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of building construction foundation pit excavation, and discloses a foundation pit excavation drilling device and method for building construction, the device comprises a drilling assembly, the bottom end of the drilling assembly is slidably connected with reaming assemblies in an array mode, a hydraulic driving part is arranged in the drilling assembly, and a rotating driving part is arranged at the top end of the drilling assembly; the top end of the drilling assembly is rotationally connected with a guide assembly, a hydraulic cylinder is fixedly installed on the surface of the guide assembly, and a muck guide part is fixedly installed on the inner side of the bottom end of the guide assembly. When the drill bit drills to a preset depth, an electric control valve is closed, hydraulic oil is conveyed into an oil storage barrel through an oil injection pipe, so that the hydraulic pressure in a hydraulic cavity is increased, a piston plate is driven to move downwards, a sliding column extrudes a sliding block downwards, and a crushing blade extends out of the drill bit to be matched with rotation of the drill bit to enlarge the diameter of a drilled hole; and an assembly body of the drill bit and the crushing blade moves upwards while rotating, so that the purpose of conveniently reaming after drilling is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of foundation pit excavation for building construction, and in particular to a foundation pit excavation drilling device and method for building construction. Background Art

[0002] The foundation pit is a pit dug at the foundation design location according to the base elevation and foundation plane dimensions. The commonly used excavation equipment is an excavator. When the construction area is small and the excavator cannot enter, manual excavation can also be carried out.

[0003] The Chinese patent with application date: 2022-01-22 and publication number: CN114482849A discloses a straight road excavation device and excavation method for foundation pit for construction, which includes a chassis, a ground drilling mechanism, a lifting mechanism and a guide mechanism. The chassis is used to carry the ground drilling mechanism, the lifting mechanism and the guide mechanism; the lifting mechanism can drive the ground drilling mechanism to move towards or away from the land at the foundation pit to be excavated; the ground drilling mechanism can drill the land at the foundation pit to be excavated under the coordinated drive of the lifting mechanism; the guide mechanism can guide the drilling of the ground drilling mechanism; the ground drilling mechanism, the lifting mechanism and the guide mechanism cooperate with each other to realize the excavation of the straight road of the foundation pit in a narrow road section. This application has the effect of being able to excavate a straight road in a foundation pit in a narrow road section.

[0004] In this technical solution, a row of holes is drilled on the ground by a rotating shaft and a spiral blade, and then the loose holes are manually shoveled away. In order to connect a row of holes, the drilled holes need to be collapsed to form a straight road in the foundation pit. However, the diameter of the spiral blade is fixed and cannot be adjusted. It is not convenient to expand the hole after drilling. In order to facilitate the subsequent collapse of the holes to form a straight road in the foundation pit, the distance between the two adjacent holes needs to be close, which results in a large number of holes to be drilled, a long time is spent, and the efficiency of excavation of the straight road in the foundation pit is reduced. In addition, during the process of drilling holes with the spiral blade, a large amount of soil will be brought out, which is easy to fall into the drilled holes. Moreover, after the holes are collapsed, a large amount of soil is in the straight road in the foundation pit, which increases the workload of transferring soil in the subsequent process. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a foundation pit excavation drilling device and method for construction, which has the advantages of easy hole expansion after drilling, automatic transfer of debris, and reduction of the amount of debris remaining inside the foundation pit. It solves the problem of inconvenience in hole expansion after drilling, and a large amount of debris remaining in the straight channel of the foundation pit during the drilling process and after the hole is collapsed.

[0006] In order to solve the problem that it is inconvenient to expand the hole after drilling, and a large amount of debris remains in the straight channel of the foundation pit during the drilling process and after the hole is collapsed, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a foundation pit excavation and drilling device for construction construction, comprising a drilling assembly, the bottom end array of the drilling assembly is slidably connected to the expansion assembly, a hydraulic drive component is arranged inside the drilling assembly, the hydraulic drive component is used to drive the expansion assembly to expand outward, a rotating drive component is arranged at the top of the drilling assembly, the rotating drive component is used to drive the drilling assembly to rotate, the top of the drilling assembly is rotatably connected to a guide assembly, a hydraulic cylinder is fixedly installed on the surface of the guide assembly, the hydraulic cylinder is used to drive the drilling assembly to move longitudinally, a debris guide component is fixedly installed on the inner side of the bottom end of the guide assembly, the debris guide component is sleeved on the outside of the drilling assembly, the debris guide component is used to discharge debris, and a traveling assembly is fixedly installed on the outer side of the bottom end of the guide assembly.

[0007] Preferably, the drilling assembly includes a rotating shaft, a spiral blade is welded on the outside of the rotating shaft, a drill bit is fixedly installed at the bottom of the rotating shaft, two groups of limit disks are fixedly installed on the upper half of the rotating shaft, the spiral blade gradually increases in pitch from bottom to top, and the top of the spiral blade is fixedly installed on the bottom of the lower limit disk. A bearing is fixedly installed on the surface of the rotating shaft and located between the two groups of limit disks, a hydraulic cavity is opened inside the bottom end of the rotating shaft, and a liquid inlet channel and a liquid outlet channel are opened at the top end of the rotating shaft, and the liquid inlet channel and the liquid outlet channel are both connected to the hydraulic cavity, and the hydraulic cavity, the liquid inlet channel and the liquid outlet channel are filled with hydraulic oil, the liquid inlet channel is used to transport hydraulic oil into the hydraulic cavity, and the liquid outlet channel is used to discharge the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cavity.

[0008] Preferably, the reaming assembly includes an array of crushing blades slidably connected to the drill bit, the cross-section of the crushing blade is a right triangle, the crushing blade is located inside the drill bit and a slider is fixedly installed at one end, the slider is arranged along the radial direction of the drill bit, an inclined groove is penetrated through the surface of the slider, and an array of accommodating grooves is provided inside the drill bit, and the accommodating grooves are used to accommodate the assembly of the crushing blade and the slider.

[0009] Preferably, the hydraulic drive component includes a piston plate slidably connected in the hydraulic chamber, a piston rod is fixedly installed on the bottom of the piston plate, the piston rod passes through the rotating shaft and extends to the inside of the drill bit, a spring is fixedly installed between the piston plate and the bottom wall of the hydraulic chamber, a push plate is fixedly installed on the bottom end of the piston rod, the push plate is in a "cross" shape, each branch of the push plate is composed of two clamping plates, the branches of the push plate correspond to the slider one-to-one, the two clamping plates are clamped on both sides of the slider, a sliding column is fixedly installed between the far ends of the two clamping plates, the sliding column is slidably connected inside the inclined groove, and a liquid adding component is provided on the top of the rotating shaft, the liquid adding component is used to increase or decrease the hydraulic pressure inside the hydraulic chamber, thereby driving the piston plate to slide up and down in the hydraulic chamber.

[0010] Preferably, the liquid adding part includes an oil storage cylinder sleeved on the top of the rotating shaft, the oil storage cylinder is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft, the oil storage cylinder is communicated with the liquid inlet channel, an oil filling pipe and an oil drain pipe 1 are fixedly installed on the surface of the oil storage cylinder, an electric control valve is provided on the surface of the oil drain pipe 1, the oil filling pipe is used to transport hydraulic oil into the oil storage cylinder, the oil drain pipe 1 is used to discharge the hydraulic oil in the oil storage cylinder, an oil drain pipe 2 is fixedly installed on the top of the rotating shaft, the oil drain pipe 2 is communicated with the liquid outlet channel, the oil drain pipe 2 penetrates and is rotatably connected to the center of the oil storage cylinder, and a pressure valve is provided on the surface of the oil drain pipe 2.

[0011] Preferably, the rotating driving member includes a gear 1 fixedly mounted on the surface of the rotating shaft, the gear 1 is meshed with a gear 2, and a motor is fixedly mounted at the center of the gear 2.

[0012] Preferably, the guide assembly includes two groups of slide rails distributed on the left and right, a back plate is fixedly installed between the rear sides of the two groups of slide rails, and a bottom plate is fixedly installed between the bottoms of the two groups of slide rails, a guide groove is penetrated on the upper and lower parts of the back plate, a slide seat is slidably connected between the two groups of slide rails, and the slide seat is slidably connected in the guide groove, the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly installed on the rear surface of the back plate, the output end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly installed on the bottom of the slide seat, the bearing is penetrated and fixed at the center of the slide seat, two groups of limit plates are clamped on the upper and lower sides of the slide seat, the motor is fixedly installed on the top of the slide seat, and the oil storage cylinder is fixedly installed on the top of the slide seat; an avoidance hole is penetrated at the center of the bottom plate, and the avoidance hole is used to avoid the slag guide member, and a slide groove is opened on the front side of the bottom plate, and the slide groove is connected to the avoidance hole, and the slide groove is slidably connected to the support plate, and the support plate is used to carry the slag guide member.

[0013] Preferably, the slag guide member includes a top plate fixedly mounted on the front side of the lower half of the back plate, the surface of the top plate is penetrated with a through hole, the top plate is sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft, spiral blade and drill bit assembly through the through hole, two groups of guide rods are fixedly mounted on the bottom of the top plate, a connecting plate is slidably connected through the guide rods, a spring 2 is fixedly mounted between the connecting plate and the top plate, a sleeve is fixedly mounted between the two groups of connecting plates, the sleeve is used to be sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft, spiral blade and drill bit assembly, and a slag bucket is welded on the front side of the top end of the sleeve.

[0014] Preferably, the traveling component comprises a frame fixedly mounted on the outer side of the bottom end of the slide rail and back plate assembly, four sets of wheels are arranged on the frame, and a traction hook is fixedly mounted on the left side of the frame.

[0015] Preferably, a foundation pit excavation method for construction, the specific steps are as follows: S1. Connect the device to the towing vehicle through the towing hook, tow the device to the construction area, push the support plate to the side, so that the support plate is moved away from the bottom of the casing, and under the elastic action of the second spring, the casing moves downward and elastically abuts against the ground; S2, the motor drives the second gear to rotate, which drives the first gear to rotate, thereby driving the assembly of the rotating shaft, the spiral blade and the drill bit to rotate. At the same time, the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder contracts, pulling the slide seat to move downward, so that the drill bit is inserted into the casing and acts on the ground, drilling a hole downward, and the spiral blade rotates to transport the slag upward. When the slag moves to the slag discharge bucket, it is discharged along the slag discharge bucket; S3. When the drill bit reaches a predetermined depth, the electric control valve is closed, and hydraulic oil is transported into the oil storage cylinder through the oil filling pipe. The hydraulic oil passes through the liquid inlet channel and enters the hydraulic chamber, increasing the hydraulic pressure inside the hydraulic chamber and driving the piston plate to move downward. Once the spring is squeezed and contracted, the slide column squeezes the slider downward, causing the slide column to slide along the inclined groove and push the assembly of the slider and the crushing blade to move outward. The crushing blade extends to the outside of the drill bit and cooperates with the rotation of the drill bit to expand the diameter of the drilled hole. The output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder is extended to push the slide seat upward, causing the assembly of the drill bit and the crushing blade to move upward while rotating. S4, when the hydraulic pressure inside the hydraulic chamber reaches the preset value of the pressure valve, the hydraulic oil inside the hydraulic chamber is discharged through the liquid outlet channel and the second oil drain pipe, and at this time, the hydraulic oil continues to be transported to the inside of the oil storage cylinder through the oil filling pipe, and the hydraulic oil enters the hydraulic chamber along the liquid inlet channel, and then flows along the liquid outlet channel to the second oil drain pipe, and then is discharged from the second oil drain pipe, so that the hydraulic oil absorbs the heat of the rotating shaft and is then discharged to the outside of the rotating shaft; S5. After drilling is completed, the electric control valve is opened to discharge the hydraulic oil in the oil storage cylinder from the oil drain pipe under the action of hydraulic pressure, thereby reducing the hydraulic pressure inside the oil storage cylinder, the liquid inlet channel, the liquid outlet channel and the hydraulic chamber, and under the elastic action of the spring, the piston plate is driven to move up, and the assembly of the push plate and the sliding column is driven to move upward. The sliding column squeezes the upper side wall of the slider located on the inclined groove, and drives the assembly of the slider and the crushing blade to move into the drill bit to prepare for the next drilling.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a foundation pit excavation and drilling device and method for construction, which has the following beneficial effects: The device and method for excavating a foundation pit for construction construction, when the drill drills to a predetermined depth, the electric control valve is closed, and then the hydraulic oil is transported into the oil storage cylinder through the oil filling pipe. The hydraulic oil passes through the liquid inlet channel and enters the interior of the hydraulic chamber, so that the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic chamber increases, and the piston plate is driven to move downward. Once the spring is squeezed and contracted, the sliding column squeezes the sliding block downward, so that the sliding block slides along the inclined groove, and pushes the assembly of the sliding block and the crushing blade to move outward, and the crushing blade extends to the outside of the drill bit, cooperates with the drill bit to rotate, and expands the diameter of the drilled hole, and the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder is extended to push the sliding seat upward, so that the assembly of the drill bit and the crushing blade moves upward while rotating; thereby achieving the purpose of facilitating hole expansion after drilling, reducing the distance between two adjacent holes, and facilitating the subsequent pushing down or cleaning of the soil layer between the adjacent holes; and by setting the drilling position, the hole after the hole expansion is directly connected with the hole that has been drilled, which is more convenient to push down the soil layer between the two adjacent holes and reduce the amount of debris left in the hole; The device and method for excavating and drilling holes for foundation pits for construction use a motor to drive the second gear to rotate, thereby driving the first gear to rotate, thereby driving the assembly of the rotating shaft, the spiral blade and the drill bit to rotate. At the same time, the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder contracts, pulling the slide seat to move downward, so that the drill bit is inserted into the casing and acts on the ground to drill a hole downward. The spiral blade rotates to transport the slag upward, and when the slag moves to the slag discharge bucket, it is discharged along the slag discharge bucket; thereby achieving the purpose of automatically transferring the slag, avoiding a large amount of slag from falling into the drilled hole, and reducing the workload of cleaning the slag inside the foundation pit in the subsequent process. The device and method for excavating and drilling holes for foundation pits for construction use have the following characteristics: when the hydraulic pressure inside the hydraulic cavity reaches a preset value of the pressure valve, the hydraulic oil inside the hydraulic cavity is discharged through a liquid outlet channel and a second oil drain pipe, and at this time, the hydraulic oil continues to be transported to the inside of the oil storage cylinder through the oil filling pipe, and the hydraulic oil enters the hydraulic cavity along the liquid inlet channel, and then flows along the liquid outlet channel to the second oil drain pipe, and then is discharged from the second oil drain pipe, so that the hydraulic oil absorbs the heat of the rotating shaft and is then discharged to the outside of the rotating shaft; thereby achieving the purpose of continuous flow of the hydraulic oil inside the rotating shaft and cooling the drilling assembly during the drilling process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a foundation pit excavation and drilling device for construction proposed by the present invention; FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional exploded structure of a foundation pit excavation and drilling device for construction proposed by the present invention after removing the traveling component; FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional assembly structure of a drilling assembly, a hole expansion assembly, a hydraulic drive component and a rotary drive component of a foundation pit excavation drilling device for construction proposed by the present invention; FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a front cross-sectional structure of a drilling rod of a foundation pit excavation and drilling device for construction proposed by the present invention; FIG5 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional cross-sectional structure of the bottom end of a drill rod of a foundation pit excavation and drilling device for construction proposed by the present invention; FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional cross-sectional structure of a drill bit of a foundation pit excavation and drilling device for construction proposed by the present invention; FIG7 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional assembly structure of a hydraulic drive component and a hole expansion component of a foundation pit excavation and drilling device for construction proposed by the present invention; FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a liquid adding component of a foundation pit excavation and drilling device for construction proposed by the present invention; FIG9 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a slag guide member of a foundation pit excavation and drilling device for construction proposed by the present invention; FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a straight channel excavation structure of a foundation pit excavation and drilling device for building construction proposed by the present invention.

[0018] In the figure: 100, drilling assembly; 200, expanding assembly; 300, hydraulic drive member; 400, rotating drive member; 500, guide assembly; 600, hydraulic cylinder; 700, slag guide member; 800, travel assembly; 101, rotating shaft; 102, spiral blade; 103, drill bit; 104, limit plate; 105, bearing; 106, hydraulic chamber; 107, liquid inlet channel; 108, liquid outlet channel; 201, crushing blade; 202, slider; 203, inclined groove; 204, receiving groove; 301, piston plate; 302, piston rod; 303, spring 1; 304, push plate; 3 05, sliding column; 306, oil storage cylinder; 307, oil filling pipe; 308, oil drain pipe 1; 309, electric control valve; 310, oil drain pipe 2; 311, pressure valve; 401, gear 1; 402, gear 2; 403, motor; 501, slide rail; 502, back plate; 503, bottom plate; 504, guide groove; 505, slide seat; 506, avoidance hole; 507, slide groove; 508, support plate; 701, top plate; 702, through hole; 703, guide rod; 704, connecting plate; 705, spring 2; 706, sleeve; 707, slag bucket; 801, wheel; 802, traction hook. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3. A foundation pit excavation drilling device for construction includes a drilling component 100. The bottom end of the drilling component 100 is slidably connected to the expansion component 200 in an array. A hydraulic driving component 300 is arranged inside the drilling component 100. The hydraulic driving component 300 is used to drive the expansion component 200 to expand outward. A rotating driving component 400 is arranged at the top of the drilling component 100. The rotating driving component 400 is used to drive the drilling component 100 to rotate. The top of the drilling component 100 is rotatably connected to a guide component 500. A hydraulic cylinder 600 is fixedly installed on the surface of the guide component 500. The hydraulic cylinder 600 is used to drive the drilling component 100 to move longitudinally. A slag guide component 700 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the bottom end of the guide component 500. The slag guide component 700 is sleeved on the outside of the drilling component 100. The slag guide component 700 is used to discharge slag. A traveling component 800 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the bottom end of the guide component 500.

[0021] Please refer to Figures 3-4. The drilling assembly 100 includes a rotating shaft 101, a spiral blade 102 is welded on the outer side of the rotating shaft 101, and a drill bit 103 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the rotating shaft 101. The diameter of the spiral blade 102 is equal to the diameter of the drill bit 103. Two groups of limit plates 104 distributed up and down are fixedly installed on the upper half of the rotating shaft 101. The pitch of the spiral blade 102 gradually increases from bottom to top, thereby increasing the strength of the bottom end of the spiral blade 102. The top of the spiral blade 102 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the lower limit plate 104. A bearing 105 is fixedly installed on the surface of the rotating shaft 101 and located between the two groups of limit plates 104. The bearing 105 is fixed on the guide assembly 500 to reduce the friction force on the drilling assembly 100 when it rotates. A hydraulic chamber 106 is provided at the bottom of the rotating shaft 101, and a liquid inlet channel 107 and a liquid outlet channel 108 are provided at the top of the rotating shaft 101. The liquid inlet channel 107 and the liquid outlet channel 108 are both connected to the hydraulic chamber 106. The hydraulic chamber 106, the liquid inlet channel 107 and the liquid outlet channel 108 are filled with hydraulic oil. The liquid inlet channel 107 is used to transport the hydraulic oil into the hydraulic chamber 106, and the liquid outlet channel 108 is used to discharge the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic chamber 106. The rotating driving member 400 includes a gear 1 401 fixedly mounted on the surface of the rotating shaft 101, the gear 1 401 is meshed with a gear 2 402, and a motor 403 is fixedly mounted at the center of the gear 2 402. The signal of the motor 403 is connected to a controller or a computer, and the start and stop of the motor 403 is controlled by the controller or the computer.

[0022] Please refer to Figures 5 to 7. The hole expansion assembly 200 includes a crushing blade 201 that is slidably connected to the drill bit 103 in an array. The cross section of the crushing blade 201 is a right triangle. The crushing blade 201 is located inside the drill bit 103 and a slider 202 is fixedly installed at one end. The slider 202 is arranged along the radial direction of the drill bit 103. The surface of the slider 202 is penetrated by an inclined groove 203. The assembly of the crushing blade 201 and the slider 202 moves along the radial direction of the drill bit 103, thereby extending from the circumferential surface of the drill bit 103 or being stored inside the drill bit 103. The drill bit 103 is provided with an array of receiving grooves 204, which are used to receive the assembly of the crushing blade 201 and the slider 202; and the receiving grooves 204 can guide the moving path of the crushing blade 201 and the slider 202 assembly. When the crushing blade 201 extends to the outside of the circumferential surface of the drill bit 103 , it rotates along with the drill bit 103 . While the crushing blade 201 crushes the soil layer, the debris can move upward along the inclined surface of the crushing blade 201 .

[0023] During the drilling process, the crushing blade 201 can be kept stored inside the drill bit 103, and the rotating shaft 101 can be driven to rotate by the rotating driving member 400 to make the drill bit 103 drill to a preset position, and then the reaming assembly 200 is driven to extend from the surface of the drill bit 103 by the hydraulic driving member 300. At this time, the rotating shaft 101 is rotated and moved upward to expand the aperture of the hole from bottom to top, thereby forming the rightmost hole in Figure 10; then the above steps are repeated on the left side of the hole to drill again. In actual drilling, by setting the drilling position, it is achieved that in Figure 10, the right dotted part of the middle hole coincides with the top wall of the rightmost hole, so that the drilled hole is directly connected.

[0024] Please refer to Figures 5 to 8. The hydraulic drive member 300 includes a piston plate 301 slidably connected to the hydraulic chamber 106. The hydraulic oil in the hydraulic chamber 106 is located on the upper side of the piston plate 301. A piston rod 302 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the piston plate 301. The piston rod 302 penetrates the rotating shaft 101 and extends to the inside of the drill bit 103. A spring 1 303 is fixedly installed between the piston plate 301 and the bottom wall of the hydraulic chamber 106. When the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic chamber 106 increases, the piston plate 301 is driven to move downward, and the spring 1 303 is squeezed and contracted. When the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic chamber 106 decreases, the piston plate 301 moves upward under the elastic action of the spring 1 303. A push plate 304 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the piston rod 302. The push plate 304 is in a "cross" shape. Each branch of the push plate 304 is composed of two clamping plates. The branches of the push plate 304 correspond to the slider 202 one by one. The two clamping plates are clamped on both sides of the slider 202. A sliding column 305 is fixedly installed between the distal ends of the two clamping plates. The sliding column 305 is slidably connected inside the inclined groove 203. The receiving groove 204 provided in the drill bit 103 is interconnected at the center of the drill bit 103. The receiving groove 204 is used to accommodate the assembly of the piston rod 302, the push plate 304 and the sliding column 305. When the assembly of the piston rod 302, the push plate 304 and the sliding column 305 moves in the vertical direction, the push plate 304 and the sliding column 305 are always inside the receiving groove 204. A fluid adding member is disposed on the top of the rotating shaft 101 , and the fluid adding member is used to increase or decrease the hydraulic pressure inside the hydraulic chamber 106 , thereby driving the piston plate 301 to slide up and down in the hydraulic chamber 106 .

[0025] The liquid adding part includes an oil storage cylinder 306 sleeved on the top of the rotating shaft 101. The oil storage cylinder 306 is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 101. The oil storage cylinder 306 is communicated with the liquid inlet channel 107. An oil filling pipe 307 and an oil discharge pipe 1 308 are fixedly installed on the surface of the oil storage cylinder 306. The oil filling pipe 307 is connected to an oil pump through a pipeline, and the oil pump draws hydraulic oil from the hydraulic oil barrel. An electric control valve 309 is arranged on the surface of the oil discharge pipe 1 308, and the electric control valve 309 is connected to a controller or a computer signal. The oil filling pipe 307 is used to transport hydraulic oil into the oil storage cylinder 306, and the oil discharge pipe 1 308 is used to discharge the hydraulic oil in the oil storage cylinder 306. The oil discharge pipe 1 308 is connected to the hydraulic oil barrel through a pipeline, and is used to recover the discharged hydraulic oil into the hydraulic oil barrel. An oil discharge pipe 2 310 is fixedly installed on the top of the rotating shaft 101. The oil discharge pipe 2 310 is connected to the hydraulic oil barrel through a pipeline, and is used to recover the hydraulic oil discharged from the oil discharge pipe 2 310. The second oil drain pipe 310 is connected to the liquid outlet channel 108, and the second oil drain pipe 310 is connected to the center of the oil storage cylinder 306 through a sealing bearing to ensure the sealing of the oil storage cylinder 306. A pressure valve 311 is provided on the surface of the second oil drain pipe 310.

[0026] By closing the electric control valve 309, the oil filling pipe 307 transports hydraulic oil into the oil storage cylinder 306, which can increase the hydraulic pressure inside the oil storage cylinder 306, the liquid inlet channel 107, the liquid outlet channel 108 and the hydraulic chamber 106, thereby driving the piston plate 301 to move downward; and when the hydraulic pressure inside the oil storage cylinder 306 reaches the preset value of the pressure valve 311, the hydraulic oil flows back to the hydraulic oil barrel through the oil discharge pipe 2 310, and the hydraulic oil continues to be transported into the oil storage cylinder 306 through the oil filling pipe 307. The oil discharge pipe 2 310 will continue to discharge the hydraulic oil, so that the hydraulic pressure in the oil storage cylinder 306, the liquid inlet channel 107, the liquid outlet channel 108 and the hydraulic chamber 106 maintains a dynamic balance, so that the piston plate 301 remains in the current position. During this process, the hydraulic oil enters the oil storage cylinder 306 from the hydraulic oil barrel, enters the hydraulic cavity 106 through the liquid inlet channel 107, enters the oil discharge pipe 310 through the liquid outlet channel 108, and then flows back into the hydraulic oil barrel through the oil discharge pipe 310, thereby realizing the circulation of the hydraulic oil between the rotating shaft 101 and the hydraulic oil barrel, thereby achieving the purpose of cooling the rotating shaft 101.

[0027] Please refer to Figures 1-2. The guide assembly 500 includes two sets of slide rails 501 distributed on the left and right. A back plate 502 is fixedly installed between the rear sides of the two sets of slide rails 501. A bottom plate 503 is fixedly installed between the bottoms of the two sets of slide rails 501. A guide groove 504 is penetrated through the upper half of the back plate 502. A slide seat 505 is slidably connected between the two sets of slide rails 501. The slide seat 505 penetrates and is slidably connected in the guide groove 504. The hydraulic cylinder 600 is fixedly installed on the rear side surface of the back plate 502. The output end of the hydraulic cylinder 600 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the slide seat 505. The bearing 10 5 is fixed through the center of the slide 505, two sets of limit plates 104 are clamped on the upper and lower sides of the slide 505, the motor 403 is fixedly installed on the top of the slide 505, and the oil storage cylinder 306 is fixedly installed on the top of the slide 505; a avoidance hole 506 is opened through the center of the bottom plate 503, and the avoidance hole 506 is used to avoid the slag guide 700, and a slide groove 507 is opened on the front side of the bottom plate 503, and the slide groove 507 is connected with the avoidance hole 506. The slide groove 507 is slidably connected to the support plate 508, and the support plate 508 is used to carry the slag guide 700. The travel component 800 includes a frame fixedly installed on the outer side of the bottom end of the assembly of the slide rail 501 and the back plate 502, and four sets of wheels 801 are arranged on the frame. A traction hook 802 is fixedly installed on the left side of the frame. The traction hook 802 is used to connect a traction vehicle, so that the traction vehicle drives the device to move in the construction area.

[0028] Please refer to FIG. 9 . The slag guide 700 includes a top plate 701 fixedly mounted on the front side of the lower half of the back plate 502. A through hole 702 is formed on the surface of the top plate 701. The diameter of the through hole 702 is larger than the diameter of the spiral blade 102. The top plate 701 is sleeved on the outside of the assembly of the rotating shaft 101, the spiral blade 102 and the drill bit 103 through the through hole 702. Two groups of guide rods 703 are fixedly mounted on the bottom of the top plate 701. A connecting plate 704 is slidably connected to the guide rods 703. A spring 2 705 is fixedly mounted between the connecting plate 704 and the top plate 701. A sleeve 706 is fixedly mounted between the two groups of connecting plates 704. The inner diameter of the sleeve 706 is equal to the diameter of the through hole 702. The sleeve 706 is used to be sleeved on the outside of the assembly of the rotating shaft 101, the spiral blade 102 and the drill bit 103. A slag bucket 707 is welded on the front side of the top of the sleeve 706. During the rotation of the shaft 101, spiral blades 102 and drill bit 103 assembly inside the casing 706, the debris transported upward by the spiral blades 102 enters the casing 706 from the hole and moves upward along the casing 706. When the debris moves to the casing 706, it can be discharged to one side of the hole through the debris bucket 707 to prevent the debris from falling into the drilled hole.

[0029] A foundation pit excavation method for building construction, the specific steps are as follows: S1. Connect the towing hook 802 to the towing vehicle, tow the device to the construction area, push the support plate 508 sideways, and move the support plate 508 away from the bottom of the sleeve 706. Under the elastic action of the spring 2 705, the sleeve 706 moves downward and elastically abuts against the ground; S2, the motor 403 drives the gear 2 402 to rotate, driving the gear 1 401 to rotate, thereby driving the assembly of the rotating shaft 101, the spiral blade 102 and the drill bit 103 to rotate. At the same time, the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 600 contracts, pulling the slide 505 to move downward, so that the drill bit 103 is inserted into the casing 706 and acts on the ground to drill a hole downward. The spiral blade 102 rotates to transport the slag upward. When the slag moves to the slag discharge bucket 707, it is discharged along the slag discharge bucket 707; S3. When the drill bit 103 drills to a predetermined depth, the electric control valve 309 is closed, and hydraulic oil is transported into the oil storage cylinder 306 through the oil filling pipe 307. The hydraulic oil passes through the liquid inlet channel 107 and enters the interior of the hydraulic chamber 106, so that the hydraulic pressure inside the hydraulic chamber 106 increases, driving the piston plate 301 to move downward, the spring 1 303 is squeezed and contracted, and the slide column 305 squeezes the slider 202 downward, so that the slide column 305 slides along the inclined groove 203 and pushes the assembly of the slider 202 and the crushing blade 201 to move outward. The crushing blade 201 extends to the outside of the drill bit 103 and cooperates with the rotation of the drill bit 103 to expand the diameter of the drilled hole. The output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 600 is extended to push the slide seat 505 to move upward, so that the assembly of the drill bit 103 and the crushing blade 201 rotates and moves upward; S4, when the hydraulic pressure inside the hydraulic chamber 106 reaches the preset value of the pressure valve 311, the hydraulic oil inside the hydraulic chamber 106 is discharged through the liquid outlet channel 108 and the second oil drain pipe 310, and at this time, the hydraulic oil continues to be transported to the inside of the oil storage cylinder 306 through the oil filling pipe 307, and the hydraulic oil enters the hydraulic chamber 106 along the liquid inlet channel 107, and then flows along the liquid outlet channel 108 to the second oil drain pipe 310, and then is discharged from the second oil drain pipe 310, so that the hydraulic oil absorbs the heat of the rotating shaft 101, and then is discharged to the outside of the rotating shaft 101; S5. After the drilling is completed, the electric control valve 309 is opened to discharge the hydraulic oil in the oil storage cylinder 306 from the oil discharge pipe 308 under the action of the hydraulic pressure, thereby reducing the hydraulic pressure inside the oil storage cylinder 306, the liquid inlet channel 107, the liquid outlet channel 108 and the hydraulic chamber 106. Under the elastic action of the spring 303, the piston plate 301 is driven to move upward, and the assembly of the push plate 304 and the slide column 305 is driven to move upward. The slide column 305 squeezes the slider 202 on the upper side wall of the inclined groove 203, and drives the assembly of the slider 202 and the crushing blade 201 to move to the inside of the drill bit 103 to prepare for the next drilling.

[0030] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A foundation pit excavation drilling device for construction, comprising a drilling assembly (100), characterized in that: The bottom end of the drilling assembly (100) is slidably connected to the expansion assembly (200) in an array; a hydraulic drive component (300) is provided inside the drilling assembly (100); the hydraulic drive component (300) is used to drive the expansion assembly (200) to expand outward; a rotation drive component (400) is provided at the top end of the drilling assembly (100); the rotation drive component (400) is used to drive the drilling assembly (100) to rotate; the top end of the drilling assembly (100) is rotatably connected to the guide assembly (50 0), a hydraulic cylinder (600) is fixedly mounted on the surface of the guide assembly (500), the hydraulic cylinder (600) is used to drive the drilling assembly (100) to move longitudinally, a slag guide (700) is fixedly mounted on the inner side of the bottom end of the guide assembly (500), the slag guide (700) is sleeved on the outer side of the drilling assembly (100), the slag guide (700) is used to discharge slag, and a travel assembly (800) is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the bottom end of the guide assembly (500).

2. The foundation pit excavation and drilling device for construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drilling assembly (100) comprises a rotating shaft (101), a spiral blade (102) is welded to the outside of the rotating shaft (101), a drill bit (103) is fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the rotating shaft (101), two groups of upper and lower limit plates (104) are fixedly mounted on the upper half of the rotating shaft (101), the spiral blade (102) has a pitch that gradually increases from bottom to top, the top end of the spiral blade (102) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the lower limit plate (104), and a bearing (103) is fixedly mounted on the surface of the rotating shaft (101) and located between the two groups of limit plates (104). 05), a hydraulic chamber (106) is provided inside the bottom end of the rotating shaft (101), and a liquid inlet channel (107) and a liquid outlet channel (108) are provided at the top end of the rotating shaft (101), the liquid inlet channel (107) and the liquid outlet channel (108) are both communicated with the hydraulic chamber (106), the hydraulic chamber (106), the liquid inlet channel (107) and the liquid outlet channel (108) are filled with hydraulic oil, the liquid inlet channel (107) is used to transport the hydraulic oil into the hydraulic chamber (106), and the liquid outlet channel (108) is used to discharge the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic chamber (106).

3. The foundation pit excavation and drilling device for construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: The reaming assembly (200) comprises a crushing blade (201) which is slidably connected to a drill bit (103) in an array, the crushing blade (201) having a right triangle cross section, the crushing blade (201) being located inside the drill bit (103) and having a slider (202) fixedly mounted on one end thereof, the slider (202) being arranged along the radial direction of the drill bit (103), the surface of the slider (202) being provided with an inclined groove (203) extending through it, and the drill bit (103) being provided with an array of receiving grooves (204), the receiving grooves (204) being used to receive an assembly of the crushing blade (201) and the slider (202).

4. The foundation pit excavation and drilling device for construction according to claim 3, characterized in that: The hydraulic drive component (300) comprises a piston plate (301) slidably connected in a hydraulic chamber (106); a piston rod (302) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the piston plate (301); the piston rod (302) passes through the rotating shaft (101) and extends into the interior of the drill bit (103); a spring (303) is fixedly mounted between the piston plate (301) and the bottom wall of the hydraulic chamber (106); a push plate (304) is fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the piston rod (302); the push plate (304) is in a "cross" shape, Each branch of the push plate (304) is composed of two clamping plates. The branches of the push plate (304) correspond to the slider (202) one by one. The two clamping plates are clamped on both sides of the slider (202). A sliding column (305) is fixedly installed between the far ends of the two clamping plates. The sliding column (305) is slidably connected inside the inclined groove (203). A liquid adding part is arranged on the top of the rotating shaft (101). The liquid adding part is used to increase or decrease the hydraulic pressure inside the hydraulic chamber (106), thereby driving the piston plate (301) to slide up and down in the hydraulic chamber (106).

5. The foundation pit excavation and drilling device for construction according to claim 4, characterized in that: The liquid adding member comprises an oil storage cylinder (306) sleeved on the top of the rotating shaft (101), the oil storage cylinder (306) being rotatably connected to the rotating shaft (101), the oil storage cylinder (306) being in communication with the liquid inlet channel (107), an oil filling pipe (307) and an oil discharge pipe (308) being fixedly mounted on the surface of the oil storage cylinder (306), an electric control valve (309) being arranged on the surface of the oil discharge pipe (308), the oil filling pipe (307) being used to Hydraulic oil is transported into the oil storage cylinder (306). The oil drain pipe 1 (308) is used to discharge the hydraulic oil in the oil storage cylinder (306). The top of the rotating shaft (101) is fixedly installed with an oil drain pipe 2 (310). The oil drain pipe 2 (310) is connected to the liquid outlet channel (108). The oil drain pipe 2 (310) penetrates and is rotatably connected to the center of the oil storage cylinder (306). A pressure valve (311) is provided on the surface of the oil drain pipe 2 (310).

6. The foundation pit excavation and drilling device for construction according to claim 5, characterized in that: The rotating driving member (400) comprises a gear 1 (401) fixedly mounted on the surface of the rotating shaft (101), the gear 1 (401) being meshed with a gear 2 (402), and a motor (403) being fixedly mounted at the center of the gear 2 (402).

7. The foundation pit excavation and drilling device for construction according to claim 6, characterized in that: The guide assembly (500) comprises two groups of slide rails (501) distributed on the left and right, a back plate (502) is fixedly installed between the rear sides of the two groups of slide rails (501), a bottom plate (503) is fixedly installed between the bottoms of the two groups of slide rails (501), a guide groove (504) is penetrated through the upper part of the back plate (502), a slide seat (505) is slidably connected between the two groups of slide rails (501), and the slide seat (505) penetrates and is slidably connected to the guide rails. In the groove (504), the hydraulic cylinder (600) is fixedly mounted on the rear surface of the back plate (502), the output end of the hydraulic cylinder (600) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the slide seat (505), the bearing (105) is fixed through the center of the slide seat (505), two sets of limit plates (104) are clamped on the upper and lower sides of the slide seat (505), the motor (403) is fixedly mounted on the top of the slide seat (505), and the oil storage cylinder (306) is fixedly mounted on the top of the slide seat (505); A bypass hole (506) is provided through the center of the bottom plate (503), and the bypass hole (506) is used to bypass the slag guide member (700). A slide groove (507) is provided on the front side of the bottom plate (503), and the slide groove (507) is connected to the bypass hole (506). The slide groove (507) is slidably connected to a support plate (508), and the support plate (508) is used to support the slag guide member (700).

8. The foundation pit excavation and drilling device for construction according to claim 7, characterized in that: The slag guide member (700) comprises a top plate (701) fixedly mounted on the front side of the lower half of the back plate (502); a through hole (702) is formed through the surface of the top plate (701); the top plate (701) is sleeved on the outer side of the assembly of the rotating shaft (101), the spiral blade (102) and the drill bit (103) through the through hole (702); two groups of guide rods (703) are fixedly mounted on the bottom of the top plate (701); a connecting plate (704) is slidably connected to the guide rods (703); a second spring (705) is fixedly mounted between the connecting plate (704) and the top plate (701); a sleeve (706) is fixedly mounted between the two groups of connecting plates (704); the sleeve (706) is used for sleeved on the outer side of the assembly of the rotating shaft (101), the spiral blade (102) and the drill bit (103); a slag discharge bucket (707) is welded to the front side of the top end of the sleeve (706).

9. The foundation pit excavation and drilling device for construction according to claim 8, characterized in that: The traveling assembly (800) comprises a frame fixedly mounted on the outer side of the bottom end of the slide rail (501) and the back plate (502) assembly, four sets of wheels (801) are arranged on the frame, and a traction hook (802) is fixedly mounted on the left side of the frame.

10. A method for applying the construction pit excavation drilling device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The specific steps are as follows: S1. Connect the device to a towing vehicle through a towing hook (802), tow the device to a construction area, push the support plate (508) sideways, and move the support plate (508) away from the bottom of the sleeve (706). Under the elastic action of the second spring (705), the sleeve (706) moves downward and elastically abuts against the ground; S2, the motor (403) drives the gear 2 (402) to rotate, thereby driving the gear 1 (401) to rotate, thereby driving the assembly of the rotating shaft (101), the spiral blade (102) and the drill bit (103) to rotate. At the same time, the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder (600) contracts, pulling the slide seat (505) to move downward, so that the drill bit (103) is inserted into the casing (706) and acts on the ground to drill a hole downward. The spiral blade (102) rotates to transport the slag upward. When the slag moves to the slag discharge bucket (707), it is discharged along the slag discharge bucket (707); S3. When the drill bit (103) reaches a predetermined depth, the electric control valve (309) is closed, and hydraulic oil is delivered to the oil storage cylinder (306) through the oil filling pipe (307). The hydraulic oil passes through the liquid inlet channel (107) and enters the hydraulic chamber (106), thereby increasing the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic chamber (106), driving the piston plate (301) to move downward, squeezing and contracting the spring 1 (303), and causing the slide column (305) to squeeze the slider (202) downward, causing the slider to move downward. The column (305) slides along the inclined groove (203) and pushes the assembly of the slider (202) and the crushing blade (201) to move outward, and the crushing blade (201) extends to the outside of the drill bit (103) to cooperate with the rotation of the drill bit (103) to expand the diameter of the drilled hole, and the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder (600) is extended to push the slide seat (505) to move upward, so that the assembly of the drill bit (103) and the crushing blade (201) rotates and moves upward; S4, when the hydraulic pressure inside the hydraulic chamber (106) reaches the preset value of the pressure valve (311), the hydraulic oil inside the hydraulic chamber (106) is discharged through the liquid outlet channel (108) and the second oil discharge pipe (310), and at this time, the hydraulic oil continues to be transported to the inside of the oil storage cylinder (306) through the oil filling pipe (307), and the hydraulic oil enters the hydraulic chamber (106) along the liquid inlet channel (107), and then flows along the liquid outlet channel (108) to the second oil discharge pipe (310), and then is discharged from the second oil discharge pipe (310), so that the hydraulic oil absorbs the heat of the rotating shaft (101) and is then discharged to the outside of the rotating shaft (101); S5. After the drilling is completed, the electric control valve (309) is opened to discharge the hydraulic oil in the oil storage cylinder (306) from the oil discharge pipe (308) under the action of the hydraulic pressure, thereby reducing the hydraulic pressure inside the oil storage cylinder (306), the liquid inlet channel (107), the liquid outlet channel (108) and the hydraulic chamber (106). Under the elastic action of the spring (303), the piston plate (301) is driven to move upward, and the assembly of the push plate (304) and the slide column (305) is driven to move upward. The slide column (305) squeezes the upper side wall of the slider (202) located at the inclined groove (203), and drives the assembly of the slider (202) and the crushing blade (201) to move into the drill bit (103) to prepare for the next drilling.

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