Acoustic logging-while-drilling receiver and manufacturing method and using method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides an acoustic logging-while-drilling receiver and a manufacturing method and a using method thereof, and the acoustic logging-while-drilling receiver comprises a drill collar framework which is of a hollow cylindrical structure, and a water hole is formed in the middle of the drill collar framework; the arc-shaped frame body bearing frames are uniformly arranged on the side wall of the drill collar framework in the circumferential direction, receiving transducers are arranged on the arc-shaped frame body bearing frames, and the receiving transducers are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction of the drill collar framework; wherein the outer surface of the arc-shaped frame body bearing frame is provided with a watertight insulation prestress layer, and the watertight insulation prestress layer seals and fixes the receiving transducer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a while-drilling acoustic logging receiver and a manufacturing method and a use method thereof, belonging to the technical field of petroleum imaging logging. Background Art

[0002] Acoustic logging while drilling has been widely used in oil and gas exploration and development, and has become an indispensable technical means for oil and gas drilling construction, geological guidance, formation evaluation and reservoir description. Acoustic logging while drilling has great advantages in improving drilling efficiency, reducing drilling rig occupancy time, reducing operating costs and improving the quality of real-time formation evaluation. Compared with cable logging instruments, the operating environment of acoustic logging while drilling instruments is more severe and is inevitably affected by factors such as drill vibration, drilling fluid erosion, and drilling noise. Therefore, the design and development of acoustic logging while drilling instruments face more complex technical problems. One of the technologies that urgently needs to be solved is the technology for receiving downhole acoustic signals in harsh environments.

[0003] The downhole acoustic signal reception is realized by using a while-drilling acoustic logging receiver directly installed on the drill collar structure. The high-sensitivity broadband receiver can significantly improve the detection capability and measurement signal-to-noise ratio. At present, domestic and foreign while-drilling acoustic logging receivers generally adopt two structural schemes: annular and strip-shaped. Among them, the annular structure uses non-conductive materials such as epoxy resin or rubber to encapsulate multiple circumferentially distributed piezoelectric ceramic sheets. Due to the defect of low control precision of the packaging process, the multiple circumferentially distributed piezoelectric ceramic sheets show non-uniform distribution, resulting in poor directional ability of azimuth reception. The strip-shaped structure uses a long metal tube to perform oil-filled pressure balance packaging on multiple axially distributed piezoelectric ceramic sheets. Since the metal tube packaging will reduce the amplitude of the received signal and introduce clutter interference, it will also cause the instrument's measurement signal-to-noise ratio to be low. Moreover, the pressure balance structure is complex and the instrument is difficult to maintain on site. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop a while-drilling acoustic logging receiver with accurate azimuth and orientation and high sensitivity, which will directly determine whether the while-drilling acoustic logging instrument can collect effective formation acoustic signals.

[0004] With the large-scale exploration and development of unconventional oil and gas resources such as shale gas, shale oil, tight gas and tight oil in China, the importance of acoustic logging while drilling technology has become increasingly apparent. Existing acoustic logging while drilling receivers have great limitations and cannot realize the azimuth identification of the circumferential heterogeneity of unconventional reservoirs. Moreover, due to the defects of low electromechanical coupling efficiency and low receiving sensitivity, it is also impossible to detect the formation interface and fractures far away from the well. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention proposes a while drilling sonic logging receiver, which overcomes the shortcomings of the existing while drilling sonic logging receivers such as poor azimuth and orientation accuracy and low receiving sensitivity, solves the problems of low azimuth resolution, small received signal amplitude, large clutter interference, and low signal-to-noise ratio of the existing while drilling sonic logging instruments, and improves the ability of the while drilling sonic logging instruments in azimuth and orientation identification and long-distance detection of unconventional reservoirs.

[0006] According to one aspect of the present invention, a while drilling acoustic logging receiver is provided, comprising:

[0007] A drill collar skeleton, which is a hollow cylindrical structure with a water hole in the middle;

[0008] An arc-shaped frame support frame, the arc-shaped frame support frame is evenly arranged on the side wall of the drill collar skeleton along the circumferential direction, and receiving transducers are arranged on the arc-shaped frame support frame, and the receiving transducers are evenly arranged on the circumferential direction of the drill collar skeleton;

[0009] Wherein, the outer surface of the arc-shaped frame support frame is provided with a watertight insulating prestressed layer, which seals and fixes the receiving transducer.

[0010] A further improvement of the present invention is that there are four arc-shaped frame support frames, which are evenly arranged at 90 degrees on the circumference of the drill collar skeleton;

[0011] Two receiving transducers are arranged on each arc-shaped frame support frame, and the receiving transducers are evenly arranged at 45 degrees on the circumference of the drill collar skeleton.

[0012] A further improvement of the present invention is that an elastic vibration isolation layer is provided on the outer surface of the watertight insulating prestressed layer.

[0013] A further improvement of the present invention is that the arc-shaped frame support frame is made of PEEK polymer material, and the circumferential angle of the arc-shaped frame support frame is 80° to 84°;

[0014] A groove for mounting the receiving transducer is arranged on the arc-shaped frame support frame, and a pressure-bearing sealing joint for connecting the positive electrode lead and the negative electrode lead is arranged on the top of the groove.

[0015] A further improvement of the present invention is that the groove is a rectangular groove, and the receiving transducer is a rectangular receiving transducer;

[0016] The rectangular receiving transducer comprises a double-laminated rectangular piezoelectric vibrator, a positive electrode lead is led out from the silver-plated layer on the outer surface of the double-laminated rectangular piezoelectric vibrator, and a negative electrode lead is led out from the silver-plated layer on the inner surface.

[0017] A further improvement of the present invention is that the groove is a cylindrical groove, and the receiving transducer is a cylindrical receiving transducer;

[0018] The cylindrical receiving transducer comprises a cylindrical piezoelectric vibrator, a positive electrode lead is led out from a silver-plated layer on the outer surface of the cylindrical piezoelectric vibrator, and a negative electrode lead is led out from a silver-plated layer on the inner surface.

[0019] A further improvement of the present invention is that the drill collar skeleton is made of P550 hard alloy steel material.

[0020] A further improvement of the present invention is that the watertight insulating prestressed layer is an epoxy resin sealant layer, and the elastic vibration isolation layer is a high-temperature fluororubber.

[0021] A further improvement of the present invention is that the piezoelectric vibrator of the receiving transducer is made of an improved high-temperature resistant lead metaniobate piezoelectric ceramic material.

[0022] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a method for manufacturing a while-drilling acoustic logging receiver is also proposed, comprising:

[0023] Step 1: Use alternative element doping to replace Pb in lead niobate 2+ Prepare and form an improved high-temperature resistant lead niobate piezoelectric ceramic material, and use the improved high-temperature resistant lead niobate piezoelectric ceramic to process and bond to make a piezoelectric vibrator; perform high-temperature oil bath aging, screening and pairing on the piezoelectric vibrators to select several piezoelectric vibrators with the same or similar impedance characteristics;

[0024] Step 2: making a drill collar skeleton and an arc-shaped frame support frame; cleaning the piezoelectric vibrator, the arc-shaped frame support frame, the drill collar skeleton and other parts, removing oil stains, and performing high-temperature drying;

[0025] Step three, install the piezoelectric vibrator in the groove of the arc-shaped frame support to form a receiving transducer, and weld the positive and negative electrode leads to the pressure-bearing sealing joint; then install and fix the arc-shaped frame support on the drill collar frame;

[0026] Step 4: Fill a watertight insulating prestressed layer on the inner and outer surfaces of the arc-shaped frame support frame, and integrally cast and vulcanize a layer of elastic vibration isolation layer on the inner and outer surfaces of the watertight insulating prestressed layer.

[0027] According to the third aspect of the present invention, a method for using a while-drilling acoustic logging receiver is also proposed, comprising: eight receiving transducers distributed circumferentially are combined into a monopole receiving mode, a polar azimuth receiving mode, a dipole receiving mode, a quadrupole receiving mode and an octopole receiving mode.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0029] The acoustic logging while drilling receiver disclosed in the present invention overcomes the shortcomings of existing acoustic logging while drilling receivers, such as poor azimuth and orientation accuracy and low receiving sensitivity, and solves the problems of low azimuth resolution, small received signal amplitude, large clutter interference, and low signal-to-noise ratio of existing acoustic logging while drilling instruments, thereby improving the ability of acoustic logging while drilling instruments to identify azimuth and orientation and conduct long-distance detection in unconventional reservoirs.

[0030] The acoustic logging while drilling receiver of the present invention adopts a circular array structure with good azimuth and directional characteristics. On the other hand, the acoustic logging while drilling receiver preparation method provided by the present invention has high receiving sensitivity based on the improved high temperature resistant lead metaniobate piezoelectric ceramic material. Similar to the logging while drilling instrument, the acoustic logging while drilling receiver is installed in a non-magnetic drill collar and basically does not affect the strength and voltage stabilization function of the non-magnetic drill collar. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0032] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a while drilling acoustic logging receiver according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 2 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of a rectangular receiving transducer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 The figure is a schematic structural diagram of a cylindrical receiving transducer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 Shown is a schematic diagram of a monopole receiving mode of a receiving transducer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a polarization azimuth receiving mode of a receiving transducer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 Shown is a schematic diagram of an X-direction dipole receiving mode of a receiving transducer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 7 Shown is a schematic diagram of a Y-direction dipole receiving mode of a receiving transducer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 8 Shown is a schematic diagram of an octopole receiving mode of a receiving transducer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Fig. 9 Shown is a schematic diagram of a quadrupole receiving mode of a receiving transducer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] The drawings are not drawn to scale.

[0042] The meanings of the reference numerals in the accompanying drawings are as follows:

[0043] 1. Drill collar skeleton, 2. Arc-shaped frame carrier, 3. Receiving transducer, 4. Watertight insulating prestressed layer, 5. Elastic vibration isolation layer, 6. Pressure-bearing sealing joint, 11. Water eye, 31. Rectangular receiving transducer, 311. Positive electrode lead, 312. Negative electrode lead, 32. Cylindrical groove, 321. Positive electrode lead, 322. Negative electrode lead. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the exemplary embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than an exhaustive list of all the embodiments. In addition, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0045] At present, acoustic logging while drilling technology has been widely used in oil and gas exploration and development, and has become an indispensable technical means for oil and gas drilling construction, geological guidance, formation evaluation and reservoir description. Acoustic logging while drilling has great advantages in improving drilling efficiency, reducing drilling rig occupancy time, reducing operating costs and improving the quality of real-time formation evaluation. Compared with cable logging instruments, the operating environment of acoustic logging while drilling instruments is more severe and is inevitably affected by factors such as drill vibration, drilling fluid erosion, and drilling noise. Therefore, the design and development of acoustic logging while drilling instruments face more complex technical problems. One of the technologies that urgently needs to be solved is the technology for receiving downhole acoustic signals in harsh environments.

[0046] The downhole acoustic signal reception is realized by using a while-drilling acoustic logging receiver directly installed on the drill collar structure. The high-sensitivity broadband receiver can significantly improve the detection capability and measurement signal-to-noise ratio. At present, domestic and foreign while-drilling acoustic logging receivers generally adopt two structural schemes: annular and strip-shaped. Among them, the annular structure uses non-conductive materials such as epoxy resin or rubber to encapsulate multiple circumferentially distributed piezoelectric ceramic sheets. Due to the defect of low control precision of the packaging process, the multiple circumferentially distributed piezoelectric ceramic sheets show non-uniform distribution, resulting in poor directional ability of azimuth reception. The strip-shaped structure uses a long metal tube to perform oil-filled pressure balance packaging on multiple axially distributed piezoelectric ceramic sheets. Since the metal tube packaging will reduce the amplitude of the received signal and introduce clutter interference, it will also cause the instrument's measurement signal-to-noise ratio to be low. Moreover, the pressure balance structure is complex and the instrument is difficult to maintain on site. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop a while-drilling acoustic logging receiver with accurate azimuth and orientation and high sensitivity, which will directly determine whether the while-drilling acoustic logging instrument can collect effective formation acoustic signals.

[0047] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art such as poor azimuth and orientation accuracy and low receiving sensitivity, the present invention provides a while-drilling acoustic logging receiver, which is suitable for receiving full wave train waveforms of acoustic waves including sliding longitudinal waves, sliding transverse waves, pseudo-Rayleigh waves, Stoneley waves, bending waves, and reflected waves under while-drilling conditions. On the one hand, the provided while-drilling acoustic logging receiver adopts a circular array structure and has good azimuth and orientation characteristics; on the other hand, the provided while-drilling acoustic logging receiver preparation method is based on a modified high-temperature resistant lead metaniobate piezoelectric ceramic material and has a high receiving sensitivity. Similar to the while-drilling logging instrument, the while-drilling acoustic logging receiver is installed in a non-magnetic drill collar, and basically does not affect the strength and voltage stabilization function of the non-magnetic drill collar.

[0048] In such Figure 1 In the embodiment shown, the acoustic logging while drilling receiver comprises:

[0049] A drill collar skeleton 1, which is a hollow cylindrical structure with a water hole 11 disposed in the middle;

[0050] An arc-shaped frame support frame 2, the arc-shaped frame support frame 2 is evenly arranged on the side wall of the drill collar skeleton 1 along the circumferential direction, and a plurality of grooves are provided on the arc-shaped frame support frame;

[0051] A receiving transducer 3 is arranged in the groove, and the receiving transducer 3 is used to receive a full wave train waveform of sound waves including sliding longitudinal waves, sliding transverse waves, pseudo-Rayleigh waves, Stoneley waves, bending waves, reflected waves and the like.

[0052] The inner and outer surfaces of the arc-shaped frame support frame 2 are respectively provided with a watertight insulating prestressed layer 4 ; preferably, the outer surface of the watertight insulating prestressed layer 4 is provided with an elastic vibration isolation layer 5 .

[0053] In the acoustic logging while drilling receiver described in this embodiment, the receiving transducers 3 are evenly arranged along the circumference, which overcomes the shortcomings of the existing acoustic logging while drilling receiver, such as poor azimuth and orientation accuracy and low receiving sensitivity. In addition, a watertight insulating prestressed layer 4 and an elastic vibration isolation layer 5 are provided without metal components, which solves the problems of low azimuth resolution, small amplitude of received signal, large clutter interference, low signal-to-noise ratio, etc. of the existing acoustic logging while drilling instrument, and improves the ability of the acoustic logging while drilling instrument to identify the azimuth and orientation of unconventional reservoirs and detect them at a long distance.

[0054] In a preferred embodiment, there are four arc-shaped frame supports 2, which are arranged evenly at 90 degrees on the circumference of the drill collar skeleton 1. Two receiving transducers 3 are arranged on each arc-shaped frame support 2, and the receiving transducers 3 are evenly arranged at 45 degrees on the circumference of the drill collar skeleton 1.

[0055] In the downhole acoustic logging receiver described in this embodiment, the receiving transducers 3 are evenly arranged at 45 degrees on the circumference of the drill collar skeleton 1 to form eight receiving transducers 3. When working, different modes can be combined according to the received signal conditions, such as monopole receiving mode, polarized azimuth receiving mode, dipole receiving mode, quadrupole receiving mode and octopole receiving mode.

[0056] In one embodiment, the arc-shaped frame support frame 2 is made of PEEK polymer material, and the circumferential angle of the arc-shaped frame support frame 2 is 80° to 84°;

[0057] A groove for mounting the receiving transducer 3 is provided on the arc-shaped frame support frame 2 .

[0058] Preferably, the circumferential angle of the arc-shaped frame support frame 2 is 80° to 84°, and the height is 54 to 56 mm. The groove on the arc-shaped frame support frame 2 is in a rectangular or cylindrical shape.

[0059] In a preferred embodiment, the groove is a rectangular groove, and the receiving transducer 3 is a rectangular receiving transducer 31;

[0060] The rectangular receiving transducer 31 comprises a double-laminated rectangular piezoelectric vibrator, a positive electrode lead 311 is led out from the silver-plated layer on the outer surface of the double-laminated rectangular piezoelectric vibrator, and a negative electrode lead 312 is led out from the silver-plated layer on the inner surface.

[0061] The receiving transducer 3 corresponds to the groove of the rectangular receiving transducer 31 one by one, and each receiving transducer 3 is tightly embedded in the corresponding groove. A pressure-bearing sealing joint 6 is also provided on the top of the groove for connecting the positive electrode lead and the negative electrode lead. The length of the double-laminated rectangular piezoelectric vibrator is 50-52mm, the width is 19-22mm, and the thickness is 5-6mm. The operating frequency of the receiving transducer 3 is 0.5Hz-40kHz, the receiving sensitivity in the frequency band is -200dB, the receiving response fluctuation is less than 3dB, and the azimuth resolution is better than 22.5°.

[0062] In another preferred embodiment, the groove is a cylindrical groove, and the receiving transducer 3 is a cylindrical receiving transducer 32;

[0063] The cylindrical receiving transducer 32 includes a cylindrical piezoelectric vibrator, a positive electrode lead 321 is led out from the silver-plated layer on the outer surface of the cylindrical piezoelectric vibrator, and a negative electrode lead 322 is led out from the silver-plated layer on the inner surface.

[0064] The receiving transducer 3 corresponds to the groove of the cylindrical receiving transducer 32 one by one, and each receiving transducer 3 is tightly embedded in the corresponding groove. A pressure-bearing sealing joint 6 is also provided at the top of the groove for connecting the positive electrode lead and the negative electrode lead. The outer diameter of the tubular piezoelectric vibrator 32 is 4 to 6 mm, the thickness is 1 to 2 mm, and the height is 50 to 52 mm. Like the rectangular receiving transducer 3, the operating frequency of the cylindrical receiving transducer 3 is also 0.5 Hz to 40 kHz, the receiving sensitivity within the frequency band is -200 dB, the receiving response fluctuation is less than 3 dB, and the azimuth resolution is better than 22.5°.

[0065] In one embodiment, the drill collar skeleton 1 is a hollow cylindrical structure, and a water hole 11 is provided in the middle thereof as a channel for the flow of drilling fluid. The arc-shaped frame support frame 2 is provided on the outer wall of the drill collar skeleton 1. In this embodiment, the drill collar skeleton 1 is made of P550 hard alloy steel material. Preferably, the outer diameter of the drill collar skeleton 1 is φ160-164 mm, the height is 58-62 mm, and the diameter of the water hole 11 is φ50 mm.

[0066] In one embodiment, the inner and outer surfaces of the arc-shaped frame support frame 2 are wrapped with a layer of epoxy resin sealant, and the receiving transducer 3 embedded in the arc-shaped frame support frame 2 is insulated, sealed, and pressure-resistant to form a watertight insulating prestressed layer 4 with waterproof and pressure-resistant functions.

[0067] The inner and outer surfaces of the watertight insulating prestressed layer 4 are cast and vulcanized with high-temperature fluororubber, which completely wraps the arc-shaped frame support frame 2, the receiving transducer 3 and the watertight insulating prestressed layer 4, decoupling and eliminating the influence of the vibration of the drill collar skeleton 1, forming an elastic vibration isolation layer 5 with decoupling and vibration reduction functions, and enhancing the vibration resistance of the receiving transducer 3. The thickness of the watertight insulating prestressed layer 4 is 2 to 3 mm, and the thickness of the elastic vibration isolation layer 5 is 2.5 to 3.5 mm.

[0068] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a method for manufacturing a while-drilling acoustic logging receiver is also proposed, the method comprising the following steps:

[0069] Step 1: replace Pb in lead niobate with alternative doping elements (such as Sr2+, Ba2+, Ca2+, etc.) 2+ An improved high-temperature resistant lead niobate piezoelectric ceramic material is prepared, and a piezoelectric vibrator is made by processing and bonding the improved high-temperature resistant lead niobate piezoelectric ceramic; the piezoelectric vibrator is subjected to high-temperature oil bath aging, screening and pairing, and a number of piezoelectric vibrators with the same or similar impedance characteristics are selected.

[0070] Step 2: Make a drill collar skeleton 1 and an arc-shaped frame support frame 2; clean the piezoelectric vibrator, the arc-shaped frame support frame 2, the drill collar skeleton 1 and other components, remove oil stains, and perform high-temperature drying.

[0071] Step three, install the piezoelectric vibrator in the groove of the arc-shaped frame support frame 2 to form a receiving transducer 3, and weld the positive and negative electrode leads to the pressure-bearing sealing joint 6; then install and fix the arc-shaped frame support frame 2 on the drill collar skeleton 1.

[0072] Step 4: Fill the watertight insulating prestressed layer 4 on the inner and outer surfaces of the arc-shaped frame support frame 2 , and integrally cast and vulcanize a layer of elastic vibration isolation layer 5 on the inner and outer surfaces of the watertight insulating prestressed layer 4 .

[0073] The acoustic logging while drilling receiver can be manufactured by the above method.

[0074] The present invention is based on an improved high-temperature resistant lead metaniobate piezoelectric ceramic material and is implemented by adopting a circular ring array structure, and has high receiving sensitivity and good azimuth and orientation characteristics.

[0075] In a specific embodiment, the method specifically comprises the following steps:

[0076] An improved high temperature resistant lead niobate piezoelectric ceramic material is prepared by doping with elements such as Sr2+, Ba2+, Ca2+ to replace Pb2+ in lead niobate, and a piezoelectric vibrator is made by processing and bonding the improved high temperature resistant lead niobate piezoelectric ceramic.

[0077] The piezoelectric vibrators are subjected to high-temperature oil bath aging, screening and pairing, and 8 or more piezoelectric vibrators with the same or similar impedance characteristics are selected.

[0078] P550 hard alloy steel material is selected to process and manufacture the drill collar skeleton 1, and PEEK polymer material is selected to process and manufacture the arc-shaped frame supporting frame 2, and grooves are provided at the same time.

[0079] Clean the piezoelectric vibrator, the arc-shaped frame support frame 2, the drill collar skeleton 1 and other components, remove oil stains, and perform high-temperature drying.

[0080] Two piezoelectric vibrators with similar performance are embedded in each arc-shaped frame support frame 2, and the positive and negative electrode leads are welded to the pressure-bearing sealing joint 6, and then the four arc-shaped frame support frames 2 are installed and fixed on the drill collar skeleton 1.

[0081] A layer of epoxy resin sealant is pressure-filled on the inner and outer surfaces of the arc-shaped frame support frame 2 to form a watertight insulating prestressed layer 4 .

[0082] A layer of high-temperature fluororubber is integrally cast and vulcanized on the inner and outer surfaces of the watertight insulating prestressed layer 4 to form an elastic vibration isolation layer 5, and the high-temperature wire of the pressure-bearing sealing joint 6 is led out to the outermost side of the elastic vibration isolation layer 5 to finally form a while-drilling acoustic logging receiver.

[0083] According to the third aspect of the present invention, a method for using a while-drilling acoustic logging receiver is also proposed, comprising: eight receiving transducers 3 distributed circumferentially are combined into a monopole receiving mode, a polar azimuth receiving mode, a dipole receiving mode, a quadrupole receiving mode and an octopole receiving mode.

[0084] The specific plan is as follows:

[0085] Monopole receiving mode, such as Figure 4 As shown, eight receiving transducers 3 receive sound wave signals synchronously, and all signals are directly added.

[0086] Polarimetric reception mode, such as Figure 5 As shown, eight receiving transducers 3 receive sound wave signals in turn and independently in a cycle.

[0087] Dipole receiving mode, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, two receiving transducers 3 located in the x direction or the y direction receive the sound wave signal synchronously, and the two sound wave signals are subtracted and combined into a dipole receiving mode in the x direction or the y direction.

[0088] Quadrupole receiving mode, such as Fig. 9As shown, the two receiving transducers 3 located in the x direction and the two receiving transducers 3 located in the y direction receive the acoustic wave signals synchronously, and then the two acoustic wave signals in the x direction are added and the two acoustic wave signals in the y direction are added, and then the two pairs of added acoustic wave signals are subtracted to form a quadrupole receiving mode.

[0089] Octopole receiving mode, such as Figure 8 As shown, eight receiving transducers 3 receive sound wave signals synchronously, and add adjacent array elements in anti-phase to form an octupole receiving mode.

[0090] The present invention is applied to the development of acoustic logging while drilling instruments, and has significant advantages in azimuth and orientation identification and long-distance detection. It is suitable for the evaluation of circumferential heterogeneity of unconventional oil and gas reservoirs and the identification of geological anomalies such as formation interfaces and cracks outside the well at a long distance.

[0091] It should be understood that the embodiments disclosed in the present invention are not limited to the specific structures, processing steps or materials disclosed herein, but should be extended to equivalent substitutions of these features understood by ordinary technicians in the relevant field. It should also be understood that the terms used herein are only used for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not meant to be limiting.

[0092] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more than two; the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front end", "rear end", "head", "tail", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0093] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0094] Certain terms are used throughout this specification to refer to specific system components. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, different names may be used to refer to the same component, and thus this specification is not intended to distinguish between components that differ only in name and not in function. References to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" in the specification mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the invention. Therefore, the phrases "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" appearing in various places throughout the specification do not necessarily all refer to the same embodiment.

[0095] The embodiments of the present invention are given for the purpose of illustration and description, and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the disclosed forms. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiments are selected and described in order to better illustrate the principles and practical applications of the present invention and to enable those of ordinary skill in the art to understand the present invention and thereby design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for specific uses.

[0096] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they are aware of the basic creative concepts. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and / or modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention, and changes and / or modifications made according to the embodiments of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A while drilling acoustic logging receiver, characterized in that: include: A drill collar skeleton (1), the drill collar skeleton (1) being a hollow cylindrical structure, with a water hole (11) disposed in the middle thereof; An arc-shaped frame support frame (2), the arc-shaped frame support frame (2) being evenly arranged on the side wall of the drill collar skeleton (1) along the circumferential direction, and receiving transducers (3) being arranged on the arc-shaped frame support frame, and the receiving transducers (3) being evenly arranged on the circumferential direction of the drill collar skeleton (1); Wherein, the outer surface of the arc-shaped frame support frame (2) is provided with a watertight insulating prestressed layer (4), which seals and fixes the receiving transducer (3).

2. The acoustic logging while drilling receiver according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are four arc-shaped frame support frames (2), which are evenly arranged at 90 degrees on the circumference of the drill collar skeleton (1); Two receiving transducers (3) are arranged on each arc-shaped frame support frame (2), and the receiving transducers (3) are evenly arranged at 45 degrees on the circumference of the drill collar skeleton (1).

3. The acoustic logging while drilling receiver according to claim 2, characterized in that: An elastic vibration isolation layer (5) is provided on the outer surface of the watertight insulating prestressed layer (4).

4. The acoustic logging while drilling receiver according to claim 3, characterized in that: The arc-shaped frame support frame (2) is made of PEEK polymer material, and the circumferential angle of the arc-shaped frame support frame (2) is 80° to 84°; A groove for mounting the receiving transducer (3) is provided on the arc-shaped frame support frame (2), and a pressure-bearing sealing joint (6) for connecting the positive electrode lead and the negative electrode lead is provided at the top of the groove.

5. The acoustic logging while drilling receiver according to claim 4, characterized in that: The groove is a rectangular groove, and the receiving transducer (3) is a rectangular receiving transducer (31); The rectangular receiving transducer (31) comprises a double-laminated rectangular piezoelectric vibrator, a positive electrode lead (311) is led out from the silver-plated layer on the outer surface of the double-laminated rectangular piezoelectric vibrator, and a negative electrode lead (312) is led out from the silver-plated layer on the inner surface.

6. The acoustic logging while drilling receiver according to claim 4, characterized in that: The groove is a cylindrical groove, and the receiving transducer (3) is a cylindrical receiving transducer (32); The cylindrical receiving transducer (32) comprises a cylindrical piezoelectric vibrator, a positive electrode lead (321) is led out from the silver-plated layer on the outer surface of the cylindrical piezoelectric vibrator, and a negative electrode lead (322) is led out from the silver-plated layer on the inner surface.

7. The acoustic logging while drilling receiver according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The drill collar skeleton (1) is made from P550 hard alloy steel material.

8. The acoustic logging while drilling receiver according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The watertight insulating prestressed layer (4) is an epoxy resin sealant layer, and the elastic vibration isolation layer (5) is high-temperature fluororubber.

9. The acoustic logging while drilling receiver according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The piezoelectric vibrator of the receiving transducer (3) is made of an improved high-temperature resistant lead metaniobate piezoelectric ceramic material.

10. A method for manufacturing a while drilling acoustic logging receiver according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: include: Step 1: Use alternative element doping to replace Pb in lead niobate 2+ Prepare and form an improved high-temperature resistant lead niobate piezoelectric ceramic material, and use the improved high-temperature resistant lead niobate piezoelectric ceramic to process and bond to make a piezoelectric vibrator; perform high-temperature oil bath aging, screening and pairing on the piezoelectric vibrators to select several piezoelectric vibrators with the same or similar impedance characteristics; Step 2: manufacturing a drill collar skeleton (1) and an arc-shaped frame support frame (2); cleaning components such as the piezoelectric vibrator, the arc-shaped frame support frame (2), and the drill collar skeleton (1), removing oil stains, and performing high-temperature drying treatment; Step three, installing the piezoelectric vibrator in the groove of the arc-shaped frame support frame (2) to form a receiving transducer (3), and welding the positive and negative electrode leads to the pressure-bearing sealing joint (6); then installing and fixing the arc-shaped frame support frame (2) on the drill collar skeleton (1); Step 4: Fill a watertight insulating prestressed layer (4) on the inner and outer surfaces of the arc-shaped frame support frame (2), and integrally cast and vulcanize a layer of elastic vibration isolation layer (5) on the inner and outer surfaces of the watertight insulating prestressed layer (4).

11. A method for using a while drilling acoustic logging receiver according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: include: Eight receiving transducers (3) distributed along the circumferential direction are combined into a monopole receiving mode, a deflection polarity receiving mode, a dipole receiving mode, a quadrupole receiving mode and an octupole receiving mode.

Images