Compressed air energy storage device system adopting pressurized water for heat storage and operation method

Abstract

The invention provides a compressed air energy storage device system adopting pressurized water for heat storage and an operation method. The compressed air energy storage device system comprises a compressed air energy storage unit, a pressurized water heat storage unit and a nitrogen constant pressure unit. The compressed air energy storage unit comprises a compressor module, a cooling air module, an air storage device, a heater module and a turbine module which are connected in sequence; the pressurized water heat storage unit comprises a first water tank, a second water tank, a heat dissipation device and an expansion tank; the first water tank, the cooling air module, the second water tank and the heater module are circularly connected; the heat dissipation device is respectively connected with the first water tank and the expansion tank; the nitrogen constant pressure unit comprises a nitrogen making device; the nitrogen making device is respectively connected with the first water tank, the second water tank and the expansion tank. The compressed air energy storage device system meets the multi-working-condition operation requirement and is suitable for large-range application and popularization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of compressed air energy storage, and in particular to a compressed air energy storage device system and an operating method using pressurized water to store heat. Background Art

[0002] The development of new power systems is characterized by a high proportion of renewable energy and power electronic equipment, which requires a large amount of energy storage support. Compressed air energy storage, as a new energy storage technology with a long period, large capacity and low cost, has the advantages of flexible site selection, safety and environmental protection. It can support the consumption of renewable energy, peak shaving and valley filling, support the stability of the power grid, and provide comprehensive energy such as cold, heat, electricity and industrial gas. This technology is receiving widespread attention and demonstration applications.

[0003] Pressurized water heat storage is one of the main heat storage methods used by compressed air energy storage systems. The high temperature of the pressurized water is usually between 180℃ and 220℃, and the low temperature is usually between 35℃ and 45℃. The pressure fluctuation in the tank caused by the density difference between hot and cold water is large, and a constant pressure system is required to maintain the water from vaporizing during operation and reduce the pressure fluctuation on the top of the tank. Moreover, during the debugging and non-design operating conditions of the compressed air energy storage system, the operation of the compressor and turbine deviates greatly from the design conditions, so the pressurized water heat storage system needs to have flexible adjustment capabilities to adapt to a variety of operating conditions.

[0004] CN114754519A discloses a pumped compressed air energy storage system and method for utilizing geothermal wells for energy storage and heat storage, comprising a compressor unit, a heat exchanger, a combustion chamber unit and an expansion unit; the outlet of each compressor stage is connected to a heat exchanger, the heat exchanger is connected to a cold water storage tank and a hot water storage tank, the heat exchanger is also connected to the combustion chamber unit and a No. 1 geothermal well, a combustion chamber is arranged in the combustion chamber unit, the inlet of each expander stage is connected to a combustion chamber, the outlet of the expansion unit is connected to a third heat exchanger, the outlet of the No. 1 geothermal well is sequentially connected to the third heat exchanger, a variable frequency water pump, a fourth heat exchanger and a No. 2 geothermal well, the fourth heat exchanger is also connected to a pressure water turbine, the pressure water turbine is connected to the third heat exchanger, the hot water storage tank and the hot water storage tank are connected to the fourth heat exchanger, the compressor air energy storage system, the underground geothermal well, the variable frequency water pump and the pressure water turbine are coupled to each other, the low-grade compression heat during energy storage and the waste heat of the expander exhaust are utilized to improve the energy utilization efficiency, and at the same time, it has the effect of enhancing the geothermal recovery function.

[0005] CN115681077A discloses an artificial cavern compressed air energy storage system and method based on molten salt and water, comprising an air compression system, an artificial cavern storage system and an expansion system connected in series in sequence, and also comprising a molten salt storage and exchange system and a water storage and exchange system; the air compression system comprises one or more air compressors connected in series; the output end pipeline of at least one air compressor passes through the heat exchanger of the molten salt storage and exchange system, the water storage and exchange system and a water cooler in sequence, and is then connected to the input end of the downstream air compressor or the artificial cavern storage system; the expansion system comprises one or more turbine expanders connected in series; the output end pipeline of the artificial cavern storage system passes through the heat exchanger of the water storage and exchange system and the molten salt storage and exchange system in sequence, and is then connected to the input end of the downstream turbine expander.

[0006] CN117759474A discloses a variable-condition response energy storage system and method using water and air as working fluids, including a nearly isothermal water-gas energy storage and release unit, a variable-condition compressed air energy storage unit, a compressed air energy release unit, and a heat storage cycle unit. A first-stage variable-condition compressor is provided in the variable-condition compressed air energy storage unit to broaden the operating condition range of the system energy storage process; a flexible telescopic material is provided in the water-gas storage tank to separate the water-gas storage tank into an upper cavity for gas storage and a lower cavity for water storage, and a protruding point rib is provided on the inner wall of the water-gas storage tank, and the pits on the surface of the flexible telescopic material enhance the heat exchange between water and gas, so that the water-gas energy storage and release process is a nearly isothermal process; an air pressure air storage tank preheater is provided outside the air pressure storage tank to preheat the high-pressure air. The classified and hierarchical efficient utilization of the pressure energy and thermal energy stored in the energy storage process is realized, which effectively improves the operating condition range of the energy storage system and its ability to respond quickly to grid demand.

[0007] However, the above-mentioned compressed air energy storage system still has problems such as complex operation, difficulty in debugging and operation, etc. Summary of the invention

[0008] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a compressed air energy storage device system with pressurized water heat storage and an operating method. Without adding any additional main equipment in the compressed air energy storage unit, by adding bypasses and valves, the compressed air energy storage device system with pressurized water heat storage can match the multi-operating requirements of the system; and it ensures that the compressed air energy storage device system with pressurized water heat storage is easy to operate, run and debug.

[0009] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0010] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a compressed air energy storage device system using pressurized water heat storage, the compressed air energy storage device system comprising a compressed air energy storage unit, a pressurized water heat storage unit and a nitrogen constant pressure unit;

[0011] The compressed air energy storage unit comprises a compressor module, a cooling air module, an air storage device, a heater module and a turbine module which are connected in sequence;

[0012] The pressurized water heat storage unit comprises a first water tank, a second water tank, a heat sink and an expansion tank; the first water tank, the cooling air module, the second water tank and the heater module are cyclically connected; the heat sink is respectively connected to the first water tank and the expansion tank;

[0013] The nitrogen constant pressure unit comprises a nitrogen generator; the nitrogen generator is connected to the first water tank, the second water tank and the expansion tank respectively.

[0014] The compressed air energy storage device system with pressurized water heat storage described in the present invention includes a compressed air energy storage unit, a pressurized water heat storage unit and a nitrogen constant pressure unit. By reasonably designing the connection relationship between the devices in each unit, the compressed air energy storage device system can operate stably under the conditions of initial filling, initial startup, normal cycle charging and normal cycle discharge. The entire device system has high flexibility and a wide range of applications.

[0015] The structures of the first water tank and the second water tank of the present invention are not limited to spherical tanks, and the expansion tank structure is not limited to cylindrical tanks.

[0016] Preferably, the compressor module comprises at least two compressors.

[0017] Preferably, the cooling air module comprises an aftercooler for cooling the air and recovering compression heat.

[0018] Preferably, the cooling air module further comprises a water cooler connected to the final cooler.

[0019] Preferably, the number of the water coolers is the same as the number of the compressors.

[0020] The connection relationship of two or more compressors, final coolers, and water coolers in the present invention is: the first compressor, the first final cooler, the first water cooler, the second compressor, the second final cooler, and the second water cooler are arranged in series, that is, each group of final coolers and water coolers are arranged after each group of compressors. According to actual operation needs, the third final cooler may not be arranged after the third compressor, and the third water cooler may be directly arranged.

[0021] Preferably, the gas storage device is used to store compressed air, and includes any one of a ground pressure vessel, a pipeline steel, an underground mine cave, an artificial chamber or a salt cave.

[0022] Preferably, the heater module comprises at least two heaters for heating the compressed air.

[0023] Preferably, the turbine module includes at least two turbines for compressing air to perform work.

[0024] Preferably, the number of the heaters is the same as the number of the turbines.

[0025] Preferably, a heat storage circulation pump is provided between the first water tank and the end cooler, for delivering the water in the first water tank to the cooling air module when the compressed air energy storage is charged.

[0026] Preferably, a heat release circulation pump is provided between the second water tank and the heater module, for delivering the water in the second water tank to the heater module when the compressed air stores energy and releases energy.

[0027] Preferably, the expansion tank is connected to a water injection pipeline.

[0028] Preferably, a first stop valve is provided on the water injection pipeline.

[0029] Preferably, a second stop valve is provided between the first water tank and the heater module.

[0030] Preferably, a third stop valve and a fourth stop valve are sequentially arranged between the first water tank and the second water tank.

[0031] Preferably, a fifth stop valve is provided between the first water tank and the heat dissipation device.

[0032] Preferably, a constant pressure water pump and a first bypass pipe are provided between the first water tank and the expansion tank.

[0033] Preferably, a sixth stop valve is provided on the first bypass pipeline.

[0034] Preferably, a seventh stop valve is provided between the first water tank and the expansion tank.

[0035] Preferably, the first water tank, the second water tank and the expansion tank are connected via an air injection pipeline.

[0036] Preferably, an exhaust pipe is provided on the gas injection pipe.

[0037] Preferably, an eighth stop valve is provided on the exhaust pipe.

[0038] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides an operating method for a compressed air energy storage device system with pressurized water heat storage as described in the first aspect, the operating method comprising an initial charging method, an initial startup method, a normal cycle charging method, and a normal cycle discharging method.

[0039] Preferably, the initial filling includes initial filling of the water side, initial filling of the nitrogen side and initial filling of the gas storage device.

[0040] Preferably, the operating method for the first filling of the water side specifically includes: opening the first stop valve to fill water into the expansion tank; opening the constant pressure water pump to send the water in the expansion tank into the first water tank; starting the heat storage circulation pump to fill the water side of the cooling air module with pressurized water, and the second water tank reaches the minimum liquid level; opening the second stop valve to fill the water side of the heater module with pressurized water, and the water volume in the first water tank, the second water tank and the expansion tank all reaches the designed value; closing the first stop valve and the second stop valve, closing the heat storage circulation pump, and completing the first filling of the water side.

[0041] The present invention does not impose any specific restrictions on the design values ​​of the water volumes of the first water tank, the second water tank and the expansion tank, and they may be reasonably set according to actual operating conditions.

[0042] Preferably, the operating method for the first filling of the nitrogen side specifically includes: opening the nitrogen generator, opening the seventh stop valve, closing the eighth stop valve, pressurizing the pressure in the expansion tank to 0.2MPa, and then closing the seventh stop valve; continuing to introduce nitrogen into the first water tank and the second water tank to the set value, closing the nitrogen generator, and completing the first filling of the nitrogen side.

[0043] The present invention does not impose any specific limitation on the nitrogen introduction into the first water tank and the second water tank to a set value, and may be reasonably set according to actual operating conditions.

[0044] Preferably, the operating method for the first filling of the gas storage device specifically includes: starting the heat storage circulation pump, starting the compressor module, opening the third stop valve, closing the fourth stop valve, the pressurized water in the first water tank enters the cooling air module through the heat storage circulation pump and then flows back to the first water tank, the pressure of the gas storage device is increased to the minimum pressure of the design operating conditions, and the first filling of the gas storage device is completed.

[0045] Preferably, the first start-up includes first start-up energy charging and first start-up energy discharging.

[0046] Preferably, the operation method for the first startup and charging specifically includes: opening the fifth stop valve, cooling the water in the first water tank through the heat dissipation device and returning it to the first water tank, until the water temperature in the first water tank drops to the design value, closing the fifth stop valve, and completing the preparation work; thereafter, closing the sixth stop valve, starting the constant pressure water pump and the heat storage circulation pump, and the water in the first water tank flows through the cooling air module and then heats up and converges into the second water tank; at the same time, monitoring the pressure at the top of the second water tank, opening the eighth stop valve when the pressure exceeds the first set value, controlling the pressure at the top of the second water tank to the lowest value within the pressure range under the design working conditions and closing the eighth stop valve; when the first water tank reaches the lowest liquid level, shutting down the compressor, the heat storage circulation pump, and the constant pressure water pump, and completing the first startup and charging of the compressed air energy storage device system using pressurized water heat storage.

[0047] Preferably, the operating method for the first startup and energy release specifically includes: turning on the heat release circulation pump, starting the turbine module, and the water in the second water tank is cooled down after passing through the heater module and converged to the heat dissipation device; at the same time, monitoring the pressure at the top of the second water tank, opening the sixth stop valve when the pressure exceeds the second set value, and partially diverting the water entering the first water tank to the expansion tank, and controlling the pressure at the top of the second water tank to be at the highest value within the pressure range under the design conditions and closing the sixth stop valve; when the second water tank reaches the lowest liquid level, shutting down the turbine module, shutting down the heat release circulation pump, and closing the sixth stop valve, thereby completing the first startup and energy release of the compressed air energy storage device system using pressurized water heat storage.

[0048] Preferably, the operating method of the normal cycle charging specifically includes: closing the third stop valve and the sixth stop valve, opening the fourth stop valve, starting the constant pressure water pump and the heat storage circulation pump, and the water in the first water tank flows through the cooling air module and then heats up and converges into the second water tank; when the first water tank reaches the lowest liquid level, shutting down the compressor, the heat storage circulation pump, and the constant pressure water pump, and completing the normal cycle charging of the compressed air energy storage device system using pressurized water heat storage.

[0049] Preferably, the operating method of the normal circulation energy release specifically includes: turning on the heat release circulation pump, starting the turbine module, the water in the second water tank is cooled down after passing through the heater module and converged to the heat dissipation device, and then enters the first water tank; at the same time, the pressure at the top of the first water tank is monitored, and when the pressure exceeds the third set value, the sixth stop valve is opened, and part of the water entering the first water tank is diverted to the expansion tank; when the second water tank reaches the lowest liquid level, the turbine is shut down, the heat release circulation pump is shut down, and the sixth stop valve is closed to complete the normal circulation energy release of the compressed air energy storage device system using pressurized water heat storage.

[0050] The present invention does not impose any specific restrictions on the first set value, the second set value and the third set value of the water tank top pressure, and they may be set according to actual conditions.

[0051] The operating method of the compressed air energy storage device system using pressurized water heat storage described in the present invention adopts two constant pressure forms, namely water constant pressure and gas constant pressure. The water constant pressure is used to compensate for the volume difference caused by the density difference between cold and hot water under normal cycle charging and normal cycle discharging conditions, so as to reduce the pressure fluctuation of the gas phase space at the top of the first water tank and the second water tank. The gas constant pressure is used as an emergency adjustment means when overpressure or pressure drop occurs in accident conditions.

[0052] By setting a bypass and a valve between the inlet of the first water tank and the inlet of the second water tank, the water heated by the cooling air module on the compression side and the water heated by the heat dissipation device on the expansion side can enter the first water tank or the second water tank, so that under different working conditions, water can be selected to be pumped into the first water tank or the second water tank according to the real-time water temperature and operating requirements, thereby increasing the flexibility of the pressurized water heat storage unit and adapting to a variety of working conditions.

[0053] Preferably, the rated operating pressure range of the pressurized water is 0.5-1.7 MPa, for example, it can be 0.5 MPa, 0.8 MPa, 1.0 MPa, 1.3 MPa, 1.5 MPa or 1.7 MPa.

[0054] Preferably, the lowest liquid level of the first water tank is not less than 3% of the total height of the first water tank, for example, it may be 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5%, 5%, 6%, 7% or 8%, etc.

[0055] Preferably, the rated operating temperature range of the water in the first water tank is 30-50°C, for example, it can be 30°C, 35°C, 40°C, 45°C, 48°C or 50°C.

[0056] Preferably, the lowest liquid level of the second water tank is not less than 3% of the total height of the second water tank, for example, it may be 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5%, 5%, 6%, 7% or 8%, etc.

[0057] Preferably, the rated operating temperature of the water in the second water tank is in the range of 150-200°C, for example, it may be 150°C, 160°C, 170°C, 180°C, 185°C, 190°C or 200°C.

[0058] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the operation method includes an operation method for initial charging, an operation method for initial startup, an operation method for normal cycle charging, and an operation method for normal cycle discharging;

[0059] The first filling includes the first filling of the water side, the first filling of the nitrogen side and the first filling of the gas storage device;

[0060] The operation method of the first filling of the water side specifically includes: opening the first stop valve to fill water into the expansion tank; opening the constant pressure water pump to send the water in the expansion tank into the first water tank; starting the heat storage circulation pump to fill the water side of the cooling air module with normal pressure water, and the second water tank reaches the lowest liquid level; opening the second stop valve to fill the water side of the heater module with normal pressure water, and the water volume of the first water tank, the second water tank and the expansion tank all reaches the design value; closing the first stop valve and the second stop valve, closing the heat storage circulation pump, and completing the first filling of the water side;

[0061] The operation method of the first filling of the nitrogen side specifically comprises: opening the nitrogen generator, opening the seventh stop valve, closing the eighth stop valve, pressurizing the pressure in the expansion tank to 0.2MPa, and then closing the seventh stop valve; continuing to introduce nitrogen into the first water tank and the second water tank to a set value, closing the nitrogen generator, and completing the first filling of the nitrogen side;

[0062] The operation method for the first filling of the gas storage device specifically includes: starting the heat storage circulation pump, starting the compressor module, opening the third stop valve, closing the fourth stop valve, the pressurized water in the first water tank enters the cooling air module through the heat storage circulation pump and then converges back to the first water tank, the pressure of the gas storage device is increased to the minimum pressure of the design working condition, and the first filling of the gas storage device is completed;

[0063] The first start-up includes first start-up charging and first start-up discharging;

[0064] The operation method for the first startup and charging specifically includes: opening the fifth stop valve, cooling the water in the first water tank through the heat dissipation device and returning it to the first water tank, until the water temperature in the first water tank drops to the design value, closing the fifth stop valve, and completing the preparation work; thereafter, closing the sixth stop valve, starting the constant pressure water pump and the heat storage circulation pump, and the water in the first water tank flows through the cooling air module and then heats up and converges into the second water tank; at the same time, monitoring the pressure at the top of the second water tank, opening the eighth stop valve when the pressure exceeds the first set value, controlling the pressure at the top of the second water tank to the lowest value within the pressure range under the design working condition and closing the eighth stop valve; when the first water tank reaches the lowest liquid level, shutting down the compressor, the heat storage circulation pump, and the constant pressure water pump, and completing the first startup and charging of the compressed air energy storage device system using pressurized water heat storage;

[0065] The operation method for the first startup and energy release specifically includes: opening the heat release circulation pump, starting the turbine module, and cooling the water in the second water tank after passing through the heater module and converging to the heat dissipation device; at the same time, monitoring the pressure at the top of the second water tank, opening the sixth stop valve when the pressure exceeds the second set value, and partially diverting the water entering the first water tank to the expansion tank, and controlling the pressure at the top of the second water tank to be the highest value within the pressure range under the design working condition and closing the sixth stop valve; when the second water tank reaches the lowest liquid level, shutting down the turbine module, shutting down the heat release circulation pump, and closing the sixth stop valve, completing the first startup and energy release of the compressed air energy storage device system using pressurized water heat storage;

[0066] The normal cycle charging operation method specifically includes: closing the third stop valve and the sixth stop valve, opening the fourth stop valve, starting the constant pressure water pump and the heat storage circulation pump, and the water in the first water tank flows through the cooling air module and then heats up and converges to the second water tank; when the first water tank reaches the lowest liquid level, shutting down the compressor, the heat storage circulation pump, and the constant pressure water pump, and completing the normal cycle charging of the compressed air energy storage device system using pressurized water heat storage;

[0067] The operation method of the normal cycle energy release specifically includes: turning on the heat release circulation pump, starting the turbine module, cooling the water in the second water tank after passing through the heater module and converging to the heat dissipation device, and then entering the first water tank; at the same time, monitoring the pressure at the top of the first water tank, opening the sixth stop valve when the pressure exceeds the third set value, and partially diverting the water entering the first water tank to the expansion tank; when the second water tank reaches the lowest liquid level, shutting down the turbine, shutting down the heat release circulation pump, and closing the sixth stop valve, completing the normal cycle energy release of the compressed air energy storage device system using pressurized water heat storage;

[0068] The rated operating pressure range of the pressurized water is 0.5-1.7 MPa; the minimum liquid level of the first water tank is not less than 3% of the total height of the first water tank; the rated operating temperature range of the water in the first water tank is 30-50°C; the minimum liquid level of the second water tank is not less than 3% of the total height of the second water tank; the rated operating temperature range of the water in the second water tank is 150-200°C.

[0069] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0070] The compressed air energy storage device system with pressurized water heat storage provided by the present invention is reasonably designed. By adding a connecting bypass and a second stop valve, a third stop valve, a fourth stop valve, and a fifth stop valve between the devices, the multi-operating condition operation requirements of the compressed air energy storage device system are achieved, and the system is suitable for large-scale promotion and application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0071] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a compressed air energy storage device system using pressurized water heat storage provided in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0072] In the figure: 1-first compressor; 2-first end cooler; 3-second compressor; 4-second end cooler; 5-gas storage device; 6-first heater; 7-first turbine; 8-second heater; 9-second turbine; 10-first water tank; 11-second water tank; 12-heat dissipation device; 13-heat storage circulation pump; 14-heat release circulation pump; 15-expansion tank; 16-constant pressure water pump; 17-nitrogen making device; 18-first stop valve; 19-second stop valve; 20-third stop valve; 21-fourth stop valve; 22-fifth stop valve; 23-sixth stop valve; 24-seventh stop valve; 25-eighth stop valve; 26-third compressor; 27-first water cooler; 28-second water cooler; 29-third water cooler. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0073] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through specific implementation methods.

[0074] The present invention is further described in detail below. However, the following examples are only simplified examples of the present invention and do not represent or limit the scope of protection of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the claims.

[0075] It should be understood that, in the description of the present invention, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0076] It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "disposed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by specific circumstances.

[0077] Example 1

[0078] This embodiment provides a compressed air energy storage device system using pressurized water heat storage, and its structural schematic diagram is as follows Figure 1 shown.

[0079] The compressed air energy storage device system includes a compressed air energy storage unit, a pressurized water heat storage unit and a nitrogen constant pressure unit;

[0080] The compressed air energy storage unit comprises a compressor module, a cooling air module, an air storage device, a heater module and a turbine module which are connected in sequence;

[0081] The pressurized water heat storage unit comprises a first water tank 10, a second water tank 11, a heat sink 12 and an expansion tank 15; the first water tank 10, the cooling air module, the second water tank 11 and the heater module are cyclically connected; the heat sink 12 is respectively connected to the first water tank 10 and the expansion tank 15;

[0082] The nitrogen constant pressure unit includes a nitrogen generator 17 ; the nitrogen generator 17 is connected to the first water tank 10 , the second water tank 11 and the expansion tank 15 , respectively.

[0083] The compressor module includes three compressors, which are respectively named as a first compressor 1, a second compressor 3 and a third compressor 26.

[0084] The cooling air module includes an end cooler and a water cooler. In this embodiment, two end coolers are provided, respectively named as a first end cooler 2 and a second end cooler 4. In this embodiment, three water coolers are provided, respectively named as a first water cooler 27, a second water cooler 28 and a third water cooler 29.

[0085] The first compressor 1, the first end cooler 2, the second compressor 3, the second end cooler 4, the third compressor 26 and the third water cooler 29 are connected in sequence.

[0086] The gas storage device 5 is an underground mine.

[0087] The heater module includes two heaters, which are respectively named as a first heater 6 and a second heater 8 .

[0088] The turbine module includes two turbines, which are respectively named as a first turbine 7 and a second turbine 9.

[0089] A heat storage circulation pump 13 is provided between the first water tank 10 and the second end cooler 4;

[0090] A heat release circulation pump 14 is provided between the second water tank 11 and the second heater 8 .

[0091] The expansion tank 15 is connected to the water injection pipeline;

[0092] The water injection pipeline is provided with a first stop valve 18;

[0093] A second stop valve 19 is provided between the first water tank 10 and the second heater 8;

[0094] A third stop valve 20 and a fourth stop valve 21 are sequentially arranged between the first water tank 10 and the second water tank 11;

[0095] A fifth stop valve 22 is provided between the first water tank 10 and the heat dissipation device 12;

[0096] A constant pressure water pump 16 and a first bypass pipe are provided between the first water tank 10 and the expansion tank 15;

[0097] A sixth stop valve 23 is provided on the first bypass pipeline;

[0098] A seventh stop valve 24 is provided between the first water tank 10 and the expansion tank 15;

[0099] The first water tank 10, the second water tank 11 and the expansion tank 15 are connected via an air injection pipeline;

[0100] The gas injection pipeline is provided with an exhaust pipeline;

[0101] An eighth stop valve 25 is provided on the exhaust pipe.

[0102] This embodiment also provides an operating method of the compressed air energy storage device system with pressurized water heat storage as described above, the operating method including an initial charging operating method, an initial startup operating method, a normal cycle charging operating method, and a normal cycle discharging operating method.

[0103] The first filling includes the first filling of the water side, the first filling of the nitrogen side and the first filling of the gas storage device;

[0104] The operation method of the first filling of the water side specifically includes: opening the first stop valve 18, and filling water into the expansion tank 15 until the volume is 95%; opening the constant pressure water pump 16, and sending the water in the expansion tank 15 into the first water tank 10 until the water volume in the tank is 20%; starting the heat storage circulation pump 13, filling the water sides of the first end cooler 2 and the second end cooler 4 with normal pressure water, and the water volume in the second water tank 11 is 5%; opening the second stop valve 19, and filling the water sides of the first heater 6 and the second heater 8 with normal pressure water, and the water volume in the first water tank 10 is 95%, the water volume in the second water tank 11 is 5%, and the water volume in the expansion tank 15 is 95%; closing the first stop valve 18, the second stop valve 19, and closing the heat storage circulation pump 13 to complete the first filling of the water side;

[0105] The operation method of the first filling of the nitrogen side specifically includes: opening the nitrogen generator 17, opening the seventh stop valve 24, closing the eighth stop valve 25, and after the pressure in the expansion tank 15 is pressurized to 0.2MPa, closing the seventh stop valve 24; continuing to introduce nitrogen into the first water tank 10 and the second water tank 11 to 1.5MPa, closing the nitrogen generator 17, and completing the first filling of the nitrogen side;

[0106] The operation method of the first filling of the gas storage device 5 specifically includes: starting the heat storage circulation pump 13, starting the first compressor 1, the second compressor 3 and the third compressor 26, opening the third stop valve 20, closing the fourth stop valve 21, and the pressurized water in the first water tank 10 enters the first end cooler 2 and the second end cooler 4 through the heat storage circulation pump 13 and then converges back to the first water tank 10, and the pressure of the gas storage device 5 is increased to 3MPa, completing the first filling of the gas storage device 5;

[0107] The first start-up includes first start-up charging and first start-up discharging;

[0108] The operation method for the first startup and charging specifically includes: opening the fifth stop valve 22, cooling the water in the first water tank 10 through the heat dissipation device 12 and returning it to the first water tank 10, until the water temperature in the first water tank 10 drops to 40°C, closing the fifth stop valve 22, and completing the preparation work; thereafter, closing the sixth stop valve 23, starting the constant pressure water pump 16 and the heat storage circulation pump 13, and the water in the first water tank 10 flows through the first end cooler 2 and the second end cooler 4 and then heats up and converges into the second water tank 11; at the same time, monitoring the pressure at the top of the second water tank 11, opening the eighth stop valve 25 when the pressure exceeds 1.55MPa, controlling the pressure at the top of the second water tank 11 at 1.5MPa and closing the eighth stop valve 25; when the water volume in the first water tank 10 reaches 5%, shutting down the first compressor 1, the second compressor 3 and the third compressor 26, the heat storage circulation pump 13, and the constant pressure water pump 16, and completing the first startup and charging of the compressed air energy storage device system using pressurized water heat storage;

[0109] The operation method for the first startup and energy release specifically includes: opening the heat release circulation pump 14, starting the first turbine 7 and the second turbine 9, and the water in the second water tank 11 is cooled down after passing through the first heater 6 and the second heater 8 and converged to the heat dissipation device 12; at the same time, monitoring the pressure at the top of the second water tank 11, opening the sixth stop valve 23 when the pressure exceeds 1.7MPa, and part of the water entering the first water tank 10 is diverted to the expansion tank 15, and the pressure at the top of the second water tank 11 is controlled at 1.65MPa and the sixth stop valve 23 is closed; when the water volume in the second water tank 11 reaches 5%, shutting down the first turbine 7 and the second turbine 9, shutting down the heat release circulation pump 13, and closing the sixth stop valve 23, completing the first startup and energy release of the compressed air energy storage device system using pressurized water heat storage;

[0110] The operation method of the normal cycle charging specifically includes: closing the third stop valve 20 and the sixth stop valve 23, opening the fourth stop valve 21, starting the constant pressure water pump 16 and the heat storage circulation pump 13, and the water in the first water tank 10 flows through the first end cooler 2 and the second end cooler 4 and then heats up and converges to the second water tank 11; when the water volume in the first water tank 10 reaches 5%, shutting down the first compressor 1, the second compressor 3 and the third compressor 26, the heat storage circulation pump 13, and the constant pressure water pump 16, and completing the normal cycle charging of the compressed air energy storage device system using pressurized water heat storage;

[0111] The operation method of the normal cycle energy release specifically includes: opening the heat release circulation pump 14, starting the first turbine 7 and the second turbine 9, and the water in the second water tank 11 is cooled down after passing through the first heater 6 and the second heater 8 and converged to the heat dissipation device 12, and then enters the first water tank 10; at the same time, monitoring the pressure at the top of the first water tank 10, and when the pressure exceeds 1.6MPa, opening the sixth stop valve 23, and part of the water entering the first water tank 10 is diverted to the expansion tank 15; when the water volume in the second water tank 11 reaches 5%, shutting down the first turbine 7 and the second turbine 9, shutting down the heat release circulation pump 14, and closing the sixth stop valve 23, completing the normal cycle energy release of the compressed air energy storage device system using pressurized water heat storage;

[0112] The rated operating temperature of the water in the first water tank 10 is 40°C; the rated operating temperature of the water in the second water tank 11 is 190°C.

[0113] The applicant declares that the present invention illustrates the detailed structural features of the present invention through the above-mentioned embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned detailed structural features, that is, it does not mean that the present invention must rely on the above-mentioned detailed structural features to be implemented. Those skilled in the art should understand that any improvement of the present invention, equivalent replacement of the components selected by the present invention, addition of auxiliary components, selection of specific methods, etc., all fall within the protection scope and disclosure scope of the present invention.

[0114] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present invention, a variety of simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A compressed air energy storage device system using pressurized water heat storage, characterized in that: The compressed air energy storage device system includes a compressed air energy storage unit, a pressurized water heat storage unit and a nitrogen constant pressure unit; The compressed air energy storage unit comprises a compressor module, a cooling air module, an air storage device, a heater module and a turbine module which are connected in sequence; The pressurized water heat storage unit comprises a first water tank, a second water tank, a heat sink and an expansion tank; the first water tank, the cooling air module, the second water tank and the heater module are cyclically connected; the heat sink is respectively connected to the first water tank and the expansion tank; The nitrogen constant pressure unit comprises a nitrogen generator; the nitrogen generator is connected to the first water tank, the second water tank and the expansion tank respectively.

2. The compressed air energy storage device system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compressor module includes at least two compressors; Preferably, the cooling air module comprises an end cooler; Preferably, the cooling air module further comprises a water cooler connected to the final cooler; Preferably, the number of the water coolers is the same as the number of the compressors; Preferably, the gas storage device comprises any one of a ground pressure vessel, a pipeline steel, an underground mine cave, an artificial chamber or a salt cave; Preferably, the heater module comprises at least two heaters; Preferably, the turbine module comprises at least two turbines; Preferably, the number of the heaters is the same as the number of the turbines.

3. The compressed air energy storage device system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A heat storage circulation pump is provided between the first water tank and the final cooler; Preferably, a heat release circulation pump is provided between the second water tank and the heater module.

4. The compressed air energy storage device system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The expansion tank is connected to the water injection pipeline; Preferably, a first stop valve is provided on the water injection pipeline; Preferably, a second stop valve is provided between the first water tank and the heater module; Preferably, a third stop valve and a fourth stop valve are sequentially arranged between the first water tank and the second water tank; Preferably, a fifth stop valve is provided between the first water tank and the heat dissipation device; Preferably, a constant pressure water pump and a first bypass pipe are provided between the first water tank and the expansion tank; Preferably, a sixth stop valve is provided on the first bypass pipeline; Preferably, a seventh stop valve is provided between the first water tank and the expansion tank; Preferably, the first water tank, the second water tank and the expansion tank are connected via an air injection pipeline; Preferably, an exhaust pipe is provided on the gas injection pipe; Preferably, an eighth stop valve is provided on the exhaust pipe.

5. An operating method of a compressed air energy storage device system with pressurized water heat storage as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The operating method includes an initial charging operating method, an initial startup operating method, a normal cycle charging operating method, and a normal cycle discharging operating method.

6. The operating method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first filling includes the first filling of the water side, the first filling of the nitrogen side and the first filling of the gas storage device; Preferably, the operation method of the first filling of the water side specifically includes: opening the first stop valve to fill water into the expansion tank; opening the constant pressure water pump to send the water in the expansion tank into the first water tank; starting the heat storage circulation pump to fill the water side of the cooling air module with pressurized water, and the second water tank reaches the lowest liquid level; opening the second stop valve to fill the water side of the heater module with pressurized water, and the water volume of the first water tank, the second water tank and the expansion tank all reaches the designed value; closing the first stop valve and the second stop valve, closing the heat storage circulation pump, and completing the first filling of the water side; Preferably, the operation method of the first filling of the nitrogen side specifically includes: opening the nitrogen generator, opening the seventh stop valve, closing the eighth stop valve, pressurizing the pressure in the expansion tank to 0.2MPa, and then closing the seventh stop valve; continuing to introduce nitrogen into the first water tank and the second water tank to a set value, closing the nitrogen generator, and completing the first filling of the nitrogen side; Preferably, the operating method for the first filling of the gas storage device specifically includes: starting the heat storage circulation pump, starting the compressor module, opening the third stop valve, closing the fourth stop valve, the pressurized water in the first water tank enters the cooling air module through the heat storage circulation pump and then flows back to the first water tank, the pressure of the gas storage device is increased to the minimum pressure of the design operating conditions, and the first filling of the gas storage device is completed.

7. The operating method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The first start-up includes first start-up charging and first start-up discharging; Preferably, the operation method of the first startup charging specifically includes: opening the fifth stop valve, cooling the water in the first water tank through the heat dissipation device and returning it to the first water tank, until the water temperature in the first water tank drops to the design value, closing the fifth stop valve, and completing the preparation work; Afterwards, close the sixth stop valve, start the constant pressure water pump and the heat storage circulation pump, and the water in the first water tank flows through the cooling air module and then heats up and flows into the second water tank; at the same time, monitor the pressure at the top of the second water tank, and open the eighth stop valve when the pressure exceeds the first set value, control the pressure at the top of the second water tank to the lowest value within the pressure range under the design working conditions, and close the eighth stop valve; when the first water tank reaches the lowest liquid level, shut down the compressor, the heat storage circulation pump, and the constant pressure water pump, and complete the first startup and charging of the compressed air energy storage device system using pressurized water heat storage.

8. The operating method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The operation method for the first startup and energy release specifically includes: turning on the heat release circulation pump, starting the turbine module, and cooling the water in the second water tank after passing through the heater module and converging to the heat dissipation device; at the same time, monitoring the pressure at the top of the second water tank, opening the sixth stop valve when the pressure exceeds the second set value, and partially diverting the water entering the first water tank to the expansion tank, and controlling the pressure at the top of the second water tank to be at the highest value within the pressure range under the design working conditions and closing the sixth stop valve; when the second water tank reaches the lowest liquid level, shutting down the turbine module, shutting down the heat release circulation pump, and closing the sixth stop valve, thereby completing the first startup and energy release of the compressed air energy storage device system using pressurized water heat storage.

9. The operating method according to any one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that: The normal cycle charging operation method specifically includes: closing the third stop valve and the sixth stop valve, opening the fourth stop valve, starting the constant pressure water pump and the heat storage circulation pump, and the water in the first water tank flows through the cooling air module and then heats up and converges to the second water tank; when the first water tank reaches the lowest liquid level, shutting down the compressor, the heat storage circulation pump, and the constant pressure water pump, and completing the normal cycle charging of the compressed air energy storage device system using pressurized water heat storage; Preferably, the operating method of the normal circulation energy release specifically includes: turning on the heat release circulation pump, starting the turbine module, the water in the second water tank is cooled down after passing through the heater module and converged to the heat dissipation device, and then enters the first water tank; at the same time, the pressure at the top of the first water tank is monitored, and when the pressure exceeds the third set value, the sixth stop valve is opened, and part of the water entering the first water tank is diverted to the expansion tank; when the second water tank reaches the lowest liquid level, the turbine is shut down, the heat release circulation pump is shut down, and the sixth stop valve is closed to complete the normal circulation energy release of the compressed air energy storage device system using pressurized water heat storage.

10. The operating method according to any one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that: The rated working pressure range of the pressurized water is 0.5-1.7 MPa; Preferably, the lowest liquid level of the first water tank is not less than 3% of the total height of the first water tank; Preferably, the rated operating temperature range of the water in the first water tank is 30-50°C; Preferably, the lowest liquid level of the second water tank is not less than 3% of the total height of the second water tank; Preferably, the rated operating temperature range of the water in the second water tank is 150-200°C.

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