Waste heat boiler for biomass charcoal preparation

Abstract

The invention discloses a waste heat boiler for biomass charcoal preparation, and relates to the technical field of waste heat boilers. The device further comprises a large-particle dust removal pipeline; the large-particle dust removal pipeline is arranged in a hearth of the waste heat boiler body and located in a low-temperature area where smoke of the hearth flows to the tail end, and the large-particle dust removal pipeline enters from one side wall of the waste heat boiler body and penetrates out from the other side wall of the waste heat boiler body; a water-cooling heat exchange pipeline is wound on the outer side wall of the large-particle dust removal pipeline; a filter body is detachably connected to the large-particle dust removal pipeline, and the filter body can be inserted into the large-particle dust removal pipeline from the outer side wall of the large-particle dust removal pipeline; a dust leakage opening is formed in the bottom wall, corresponding to the filter body, of the large-particle dust removal pipeline, and a dust collection pipeline is connected to the dust leakage opening. The flue gas dust removal pipeline for biomass charcoal preparation is arranged in the low-temperature area of the waste heat boiler, heat of discharged flue gas for biomass charcoal preparation is further recycled, and the heat recycling efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of waste heat boilers, and more particularly to a waste heat boiler for preparing biomass charcoal. Background Art

[0002] Biochar preparation is a process of converting biomass raw materials into solid charcoal through pyrolysis under anoxic or hypoxic conditions. This process involves converting organic materials such as agricultural waste, forestry residues, sludge, etc. into stable, insoluble, carbon-rich substances that have super adsorption properties. The biochar preparation process mainly goes through the stages of drying, pre-carbonization, carbonization and calcination. During these stages, the high molecular chemical bonds in the biomass raw materials are broken and cracked into lower molecular solids, liquids and gases.

[0003] The flue gas produced by biochar production contains a variety of gases and volatile products. In the pre-carbonization stage, the unstable components in the raw materials will decompose into substances such as CO2 and CO. As the reaction temperature increases in the carbonization stage, the raw materials will crack rapidly and release liquids and gases such as methanol, CO2, CO and CH4. Therefore, the flue gas produced by biochar production needs to be treated to reduce the impact on the environment.

[0004] The flue gas produced by biochar preparation can be used in waste heat boilers, which are usually used to recover waste heat generated in industrial production processes to improve energy efficiency and reduce energy consumption. This shows that the high-temperature flue gas produced during biochar preparation can be recovered through waste heat boilers and converted into usable heat or electricity. The efficiency of waste heat boilers for waste heat utilization can reach 90%, and the efficiency of the generator set is 40%. This means that the flue gas produced by biochar preparation can be efficiently converted into usable energy after being utilized by waste heat boilers.

[0005] However, the flue gas produced by biochar production needs to pass through the flue gas treatment system before being supplied to the waste heat boiler. This process causes a certain amount of heat loss, but this process is indispensable. Therefore, in order to further improve the efficiency of heat utilization, it is an urgent problem for those skilled in the art to develop a waste heat boiler suitable for the utilization of flue gas produced by biochar. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention provides a waste heat boiler for preparing biochar, aiming to solve the above technical problems.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A waste heat boiler for preparing biomass charcoal, comprising a waste heat boiler body; and also comprising: a large particle dust removal pipeline;

[0009] The large particle dust removal pipeline is arranged inside the furnace of the waste heat boiler body and is located in the low temperature area at the end of the flue gas flow direction of the furnace. The large particle dust removal pipeline enters from one side wall of the waste heat boiler body and passes through the other side wall.

[0010] A water-cooled heat exchange pipe is wound around the outer wall of the large-particle dust removal pipe; a filter body is detachably connected to the large-particle dust removal pipe, and the filter body can be inserted into the interior of the large-particle dust removal pipe from the outer wall of the large-particle dust removal pipe; a dust leakage port is provided on the bottom wall corresponding to the large-particle dust removal pipe and the filter body, and a dust collection pipeline is connected to the dust leakage port.

[0011] Through the above technical scheme, the waste heat boiler provided by the present invention is combined with the flue gas emission pipeline prepared by biomass charcoal, and the pipeline for dust removal of the flue gas prepared by biomass charcoal, that is, the large-particle dust removal pipeline disclosed in the present invention is arranged in the low-temperature area of ​​the waste heat boiler, and the heat of the exhaust flue gas prepared by biomass charcoal is further recovered. The detachable structure of the filter body is utilized to facilitate the replacement of the filter, so that the combination of the two is easy to clean, meets the use requirements, and improves the heat recovery efficiency.

[0012] Preferably, in the above waste heat boiler for preparing biochar, the top wall of the large particle dust removal pipe has a socket corresponding to the dust leakage port, and the length of the socket along the length direction of the large particle dust removal pipe is greater than the length of the dust leakage port. The filter body can be inserted into the large particle dust removal pipe from top to bottom along the socket, and since the length of the dust leakage port is less than the length of the socket, the filter body will not fall out of the dust leakage port after insertion.

[0013] Preferably, in the above-mentioned waste heat boiler for preparing biochar, the filter body includes an outer shell and an inner filter plate; the outer shell is open on both sides, and the other two side walls of the outer shell are respectively fitted with the two side walls of the large particle dust removal pipe; the inner filter plate is slidably connected in the outer shell, and the inner filter plate is connected to the elastic member on the outer shell, and the inner filter plate can press the elastic member during the sliding process. Since the large particle dust removal pipe is arranged inside the waste heat boiler, in order to avoid frequent replacement and cleaning of the filter, the present invention designs an outer shell and inner filter plate structure with an elastic structure. Since the force of the flue gas can cause the inner filter plate to vibrate, shaking and cleaning are realized, which has a self-cleaning effect, can reduce the frequency of replacement and cleaning of the filter, and is more convenient to use.

[0014] Preferably, in the above waste heat boiler for preparing biochar, the bottom wall of the outer shell has a grid frame, the grid frame corresponds to the dust leakage port, the grid frame is arranged corresponding to the inner filter plate, and the width of the grid frame is equal to the maximum sliding distance of the inner filter plate. When the inner filter plate vibrates, the dust that falls from the inner filter plate will fall from the grid frame into the dust collection pipeline for collection, and the grid frame can support the inner filter plate without hindering the collection of large dust particles.

[0015] Preferably, in the above waste heat boiler for preparing biochar, one side opening edge of the outer shell has a retaining edge for limiting the inner filter plate from falling out, and the other side opening edge of the outer shell is connected to the elastic member. The design of the retaining edge and the elastic member can limit the range of movement of the inner filter plate, which can ensure effective elastic action and prevent it from falling out.

[0016] Preferably, in the above waste heat boiler for preparing biochar, the elastic member includes a triangular plate and a spring, the triangular plate is fixed at the corner of the outer shell; one end of the spring is fixed to the triangular plate, and the other end is in contact with the inner filter plate, and the inner filter plate is pressed against the retaining edge. The triangular plate and spring structure provided by the present invention can be detachably connected to the outer shell, so that the installation of the inner filter plate can be satisfied.

[0017] Preferably, in the above waste heat boiler for preparing biochar, the side surface of the inner filter plate away from the elastic member faces the flue gas inlet direction of the large particle dust removal pipeline, so that the flue gas force can push the inner filter plate to vibrate elastically.

[0018] Preferably, in the above waste heat boiler for preparing biochar, the number of the large particle dust removal pipelines is multiple, and the inlets of the multiple large particle dust removal pipelines are connected in parallel through pipelines. In order to further improve the filtering effect of flue gas and the cleaning effect on the filter, the present invention can set up multiple parallel large particle dust removal pipelines, switch the flue gas according to demand, and control the flue gas flow rate, which can improve the filtering effect and enhance the vibration effect of the filter.

[0019] Preferably, in the above waste heat boiler for preparing biochar, each of the large particle dust removal pipes is provided with a butterfly valve, and each of the large particle dust removal pipes is provided with a pressure sensor, and the pressure sensor is provided between the inlet of the large particle dust removal pipe and the filter body. By controlling the opening and closing of the butterfly valve according to pressure monitoring, the opening and closing of each large particle dust removal pipe can be coordinated according to the amount of flue gas introduced.

[0020] Preferably, in the above waste heat boiler for preparing biochar, the dust collecting pipeline is funnel-shaped and extends out of the furnace of the waste heat boiler body, so as to effectively collect flue gas dust.

[0021] It can be seen from the above technical solutions that, compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses a waste heat boiler for preparing biochar, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. The waste heat boiler provided by the present invention is combined with the flue gas emission pipeline prepared by biomass charcoal, and the pipeline for dust removal of the flue gas prepared by biomass charcoal, that is, the large particle dust removal pipeline disclosed in the present invention, is arranged in the low temperature area of ​​the waste heat boiler, and the heat of the flue gas discharged from the biomass charcoal is further recovered. The detachable structure of the filter body is used to facilitate the replacement of the filter, so that the combination of the two is easy to clean, meets the use requirements, and improves the heat recovery efficiency.

[0023] 2. Since the large-particle dust removal pipeline is arranged inside the waste heat boiler, in order to avoid frequent replacement and cleaning of the filter, an outer shell and an inner filter plate structure with an elastic structure are designed. The force of the flue gas can cause the inner filter plate to vibrate, thereby achieving shaking cleaning, having a self-cleaning effect, and can reduce the frequency of replacement and cleaning of the filter, making it more convenient to use.

[0024] 3. In order to further improve the filtering effect of flue gas and the cleaning effect on the filter, the present invention can set up a plurality of parallel large-particle dust removal pipes, and control the opening and closing of the butterfly valve according to pressure monitoring. The opening and closing of each large-particle dust removal pipe can be coordinated according to the amount of flue gas introduced, which can improve the filtering effect and enhance the vibration effect of the filter. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 The accompanying drawing is a partial structural schematic diagram of a waste heat boiler for preparing biochar provided by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 The accompanying drawing is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the overall structure of the large particle dust removal pipeline according to Example 1 provided by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 The accompanying drawing is a schematic diagram of the structure of the large particle dust removal pipeline provided by the present invention from a top view;

[0029] Figure 4 The accompanying drawing is a schematic diagram of the structure of the large particle dust removal pipeline provided by the present invention from an upward angle;

[0030] Figure 5 The accompanying drawing is a schematic structural diagram of a filter body provided by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 The accompanying drawing is a schematic diagram of the structure decomposition of the filter body provided by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 The accompanying drawing is a schematic structural diagram of an outer shell provided by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 The accompanying drawing is a schematic structural diagram of the inner filter plate provided by the present invention;

[0034] Fig. 9 The accompanying drawing is a schematic structural diagram of an elastic member provided by the present invention;

[0035] Fig.10 The accompanying drawing is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the large particle dust removal pipeline provided by the present invention;

[0036] Fig.11 The accompanying drawing is a control principle diagram of Embodiment 1 provided by the present invention;

[0037] Fig.12 The accompanying drawing is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the overall structure of the large particle dust removal pipeline according to Example 2 provided by the present invention;

[0038] Fig.13 The accompanying drawing is a control principle diagram of Embodiment 2 provided by the present invention;

[0039] Fig.14 The accompanying drawing is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the overall structure of the large particle dust removal pipeline of Example 3 provided by the present invention;

[0040] Fig.15 The accompanying drawing is a control principle diagram of Example 3 provided by the present invention.

[0041] in:

[0042] 1- Waste heat boiler body;

[0043] 11-furnace;

[0044] 2- Large particle dust removal duct;

[0045] 21-dust leakage port; 22-socket; 23-guide rib;

[0046] 3- Water-cooled heat exchange pipe;

[0047] 4-Filter body;

[0048] 41-outer shell; 411-grid frame; 412-rib; 413-extended plate surface; 42-inner filter plate; 421-sink hole; 43-elastic member; 431-triangular plate; 432-spring; 433-positioning block;

[0049] 5-Dust collection pipeline;

[0050] 6-Butterfly valve;

[0051] 61-first butterfly valve; 62-second butterfly valve; 63-third butterfly valve;

[0052] 7- Pressure sensor;

[0053] 71 - first pressure sensor; 72 - second pressure sensor; 73 - third pressure sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0055] Embodiment 1:

[0056] See attached Figure 1 To Attachment Figure 4 , the embodiment of the present invention discloses a waste heat boiler for preparing biomass charcoal, including a waste heat boiler body 1; and also including: a large particle dust removal pipeline 2;

[0057] The large particle dust removal pipeline 2 is arranged inside the furnace 11 of the waste heat boiler body 1 and is located in the low temperature area at the end of the flue gas flow direction of the furnace 11. The large particle dust removal pipeline 2 enters from one side wall of the waste heat boiler body 1 and passes through the other side wall.

[0058] A water-cooled heat exchange pipe 3 is wound around the outer wall of the large-particle dust removal pipe 2; a filter body 4 is detachably connected to the large-particle dust removal pipe 2, and the filter body 4 can be inserted into the interior of the large-particle dust removal pipe 2 from the outer wall of the large-particle dust removal pipe 2; a dust leakage port 21 is provided on the bottom wall corresponding to the large-particle dust removal pipe 2 and the filter body 4, and a dust collection pipeline 5 is connected to the dust leakage port 21.

[0059] See attached Figure 3 and attached Figure 4 The top wall of the large particle dust removal pipeline 2 has a socket 22 corresponding to the dust leakage port 21 , and the length of the socket 22 along the length direction of the large particle dust removal pipeline 2 is greater than the length of the dust leakage port 21 .

[0060] See attached Figure 5 and attached Figure 6 The filter body 4 includes an outer shell 41 and an inner filter plate 42; both sides of the outer shell 41 are open, and the other two side walls of the outer shell 41 are respectively in contact with the two side walls of the large particle dust removal duct 2; the inner filter plate 42 is slidably connected in the outer shell 41, and the inner filter plate 42 is connected to the elastic member 43 on the outer shell 41, and the inner filter plate 42 can press the elastic member 43 during the sliding process.

[0061] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Fig.10 As shown in the figure, in order to ensure the stability of the outer shell 41 after being plugged in, the inner walls on both sides of the large-particle dust removal duct 2 are provided with raised guide ribs 23, and each inner wall is provided with two guide ribs 23, and a guide groove is formed between the two guide ribs 23, so that the two sides of the outer shell 41 are inserted into the two guide grooves to achieve stable plug-in.

[0062] See attached Figure 7 The bottom wall of the outer shell 41 has a grid frame 411, the grid frame 411 corresponds to the dust leakage port 21, the grid frame 411 is arranged corresponding to the inner filter plate 42, and the width of the grid frame 411 is equal to the maximum sliding distance of the inner filter plate 42.

[0063] In order to further optimize the above technical solution, one opening edge of the outer shell 41 has a retaining edge 412 for limiting the inner filter plate 42 from escaping, and the other opening edge of the outer shell 41 is connected to an elastic member 43 .

[0064] In order to achieve a stable connection between the outer shell 41 and the large-particle dust removal duct 2, the top surface of the outer shell 41 has an outwardly protruding extension plate 413. When the outer shell 41 is inserted into the large-particle dust removal duct 2, the extension plate 413 is placed on the edge of the socket 22 on the top surface of the large-particle dust removal duct 2, and then is connected to the large-particle dust removal duct 2 by bolts passing through the connecting holes on the extension plate 413.

[0065] See attached Figure 8 and attached Fig. 9 The elastic member 43 includes a triangular plate 431 and a spring 432 . The triangular plate 431 is fixed at the corner of the outer shell 41 . One end of the spring 432 is fixed to the triangular plate 431 , and the other end abuts against the inner filter plate 42 , and presses the inner filter plate 42 against the retaining edge 412 .

[0066] Furthermore, in order to ensure the installation stability of the elastic member 43 and the inner filter plate 42, countersunk holes 421 are opened at the four corners of the surface of the inner filter plate 42 facing the elastic member 43, and a positioning block 433 is provided at one end of the spring 432 away from the triangular plate 431, and the positioning block 433 is inserted into the countersunk hole 421.

[0067] As shown in Figure 6, it is a schematic diagram showing the installation and removal of the filter body 4; first install the inner filter plate 42 into the outer shell 41, the inner filter plate 42 is pushed against the retaining edge 412, and then the bolts are passed through the connecting holes on the triangular plate 431 to connect with the outer shell 41. After connection, the positioning block 433 on the spring 432 is inserted into the countersunk hole 421 of the inner filter plate 42, and the assembly is completed. When the inner filter plate 42 vibrates under the action of external force, it will compress the spring 432, the grid frame 411 at the bottom of the outer shell 41 will open, and the dust on the inner filter plate 42 will fall from the grid frame 411 into the dust collection pipeline 5.

[0068] See attached Fig.10 The side surface of the inner filter plate 42 away from the elastic member 43 faces the direction of smoke entering the large particle dust removal pipeline 2.

[0069] In order to further optimize the above technical solution, the dust collecting pipeline 5 is funnel-shaped and extends out of the furnace 11 of the waste heat boiler body 1 .

[0070] Theoretically, the number of filter bodies 4 set in each large-particle dust removal duct 2 is related to the filtration level of the inner filter plate 42. If there is only one level of inner filter plate 42, then only one filter body 4 is required in the large-particle dust removal duct 2. If there are multiple levels of inner filter plates 42, then multiple filter bodies 4 can be set in the large-particle dust removal duct 2, and the level gradually increases with the flow direction of the flue gas.

[0071] In this embodiment, in order to realize the vibration of the inner filter plate 42, see the attached Fig.11 A butterfly valve 6 is provided on the large-particle dust removal pipeline 2, and a pressure sensor 7 is provided in the large-particle dust removal pipeline 2. The pressure sensor 7 is provided between the inlet of the large-particle dust removal pipeline 2 and the filter body 4.

[0072] Since the pressure sensor 7 can monitor the pressure in the large-particle dust removal pipeline 2, if the pressure is too high, on the one hand, it means that the flue gas supply is too large, and on the other hand, the inner filter plate 42 may be blocked. Therefore, the butterfly valve 6 can be adjusted to reduce the flow of the butterfly valve 6 and reduce the flue gas supply. Then, when the pressure stabilizes, the flow of the butterfly valve 6 is increased. This action is continued. Since the flow of the flue gas is constantly changing, it causes flue gas fluctuations, which can produce an impact force on the inner filter plate 42, forcing it to vibrate, shake off the dust particles on it, and perform self-cleaning.

[0073] It should be noted that the waste heat boiler for biochar preparation provided in this embodiment improves the original boiler structure, which can increase the temperature of the low temperature zone of the original boiler structure, and at the same time, the water-cooled heat exchange pipe 3 is wrapped around the large particle dust removal pipe 2. In this way, the flue gas generated from the biochar preparation first enters the large particle dust removal pipe 2 for dust removal, and then passes through other flue gas treatment processes, and finally is supplied back to the waste heat boiler, further increasing the utilization of heat.

[0074] Embodiment 2:

[0075] See attached Fig.12 and attached Fig.13 In order to improve the processing capacity of flue gas generated by biochar preparation and further improve the heat recovery effect, two large particle dust removal pipes 2 are set in the furnace 11, and the inlets of the two large particle dust removal pipes 2 are connected in parallel through pipelines.

[0076] For ease of expression, Fig.13 As shown, the butterfly valve 6 and the pressure sensor 7 on the upper large particle dust removal pipeline 2 are defined as the first butterfly valve 61 and the first pressure sensor 71, respectively, and the butterfly valve 6 and the pressure sensor 7 on the lower large particle dust removal pipeline 2 are defined as the second butterfly valve 62 and the second pressure sensor 72, respectively. During control:

[0077] When the smoke supply is normal, the first butterfly valve 61 is opened and the second butterfly valve 62 is closed. When the first pressure sensor 71 detects that the pressure has reached the warning value, the second butterfly valve 62 is opened. At the same time, the opening and closing of the second butterfly valve 62 can be repeatedly controlled, or the opening size of the first butterfly valve 61 can be controlled to affect the flue gas flow in the large-particle dust removal pipe 2 above, thereby performing shaking dust removal on the inner filter plate 42.

[0078] If the pressure in the upper large particle dust removal pipeline 2 decreases, the second butterfly valve 62 can be closed.

[0079] Embodiment 3:

[0080] See attached Fig.14 and attached Fig.15 In order to further improve the processing capacity of flue gas generated by biochar preparation and further improve the heat recovery effect, three large particle dust removal pipes 2 are set in the furnace 11, and the inlets of the three large particle dust removal pipes 2 are connected in parallel through pipelines.

[0081] On the basis of Example 2, the butterfly valve 6 and the pressure sensor 7 on the bottom large particle dust removal pipeline 2 are defined as the third butterfly valve 63 and the third pressure sensor 73 respectively. During control:

[0082] The control logic of this embodiment is a continuation of Embodiment 2. If the pressure in both large-particle dust removal pipes 2 is too high, the third butterfly valve 63 on the third large-particle dust removal pipe 2 is opened. At the same time, by controlling the opening size of the first butterfly valve 61 and the second butterfly valve 62, the flue gas flow in the corresponding large-particle dust removal pipe 2 is affected, and then the inner filter plate 42 is shaken for dust removal.

[0083] The recovery of heat energy can be improved by setting up more large-particle dust removal pipes 2, but they need to be selected according to the internal space of the furnace. At the same time, the large-particle dust removal pipes 2 provided in this embodiment are all straight pipes for the convenience of representation, and bends can be set according to space requirements.

[0084] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the method part.

[0085] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A waste heat boiler for preparing biochar, comprising a waste heat boiler body (1); characterized in that: Also includes: Large particle dust removal duct (2); The large particle dust removal pipeline (2) is arranged inside the furnace (11) of the waste heat boiler body (1) and is located in a low temperature area at the end of the flue gas flow direction of the furnace (11). The large particle dust removal pipeline (2) enters from one side wall of the waste heat boiler body (1) and passes through the other side wall. The outer wall of the large-particle dust removal pipe (2) is wound with a water-cooled heat exchange pipe (3); the large-particle dust removal pipe (2) is detachably connected to a filter body (4), and the filter body (4) can be inserted into the interior of the large-particle dust removal pipe (2) from the outer wall of the large-particle dust removal pipe (2); the large-particle dust removal pipe (2) has a dust leakage port (21) on its bottom wall corresponding to the filter body (4), and the dust leakage port (21) is connected to a dust collection pipeline (5).

2. A waste heat boiler for preparing biochar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top wall of the large-particle dust removal duct (2) has a socket (22) corresponding to the dust leakage port (21), and the length of the socket (22) along the length direction of the large-particle dust removal duct (2) is greater than the length of the dust leakage port (21).

3. A waste heat boiler for preparing biochar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter body (4) comprises an outer shell (41) and an inner filter plate (42); the outer shell (41) is open on two sides, and the other two side walls of the outer shell (41) are respectively fitted with the two side walls of the large particle dust removal duct (2); the inner filter plate (42) is slidably connected inside the outer shell (41), and the inner filter plate (42) is connected to an elastic member (43) on the outer shell (41), and the inner filter plate (42) can press the elastic member (43) during the sliding process.

4. A waste heat boiler for preparing biochar according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom wall of the outer shell (41) has a grid frame (411), the grid frame (411) corresponds to the dust leakage port (21), the grid frame (411) is arranged corresponding to the inner filter plate (42), and the width of the grid frame (411) is equal to the maximum sliding distance of the inner filter plate (42).

5. A waste heat boiler for preparing biochar according to claim 4, characterized in that: An opening edge on one side of the outer shell (41) has a retaining edge (412) for limiting the inner filter plate (42) from falling out, and an opening edge on the other side of the outer shell (41) is connected to the elastic member (43).

6. A waste heat boiler for preparing biochar according to claim 5, characterized in that: The elastic member (43) comprises a triangular plate (431) and a spring (432); the triangular plate (431) is fixed at the corner of the outer shell (41); one end of the spring (432) is fixed to the triangular plate (431), and the other end abuts against the inner filter plate (42), and presses the inner filter plate (42) against the retaining edge (412).

7. A waste heat boiler for preparing biochar according to claim 6, characterized in that: A plate surface of one side of the inner filter plate (42) away from the elastic member (43) faces the smoke inlet direction of the large particle dust removal duct (2).

8. A waste heat boiler for biochar preparation according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The number of the large particle dust removal pipelines (2) is multiple, and the inlets of the multiple large particle dust removal pipelines (2) are connected in parallel through pipelines.

9. A waste heat boiler for preparing biochar according to claim 8, characterized in that: Each of the large-particle dust removal pipes (2) is provided with a butterfly valve (6), and each of the large-particle dust removal pipes (2) is provided with a pressure sensor (7), wherein the pressure sensor (7) is arranged between the inlet of the large-particle dust removal pipe (2) and the filter body (4).

10. A waste heat boiler for preparing biochar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust collection pipeline (5) is funnel-shaped and extends outside the furnace (11) of the waste heat boiler body (1).

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