Multi-stage air inlet type hydrogen catalytic combustion system and method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-stage gas inlet type hydrogen catalytic combustion system and method, and the system comprises a hydrogen supply part, an air supply part, a mixed gas pressure detection part, a mixed gas humidity detection part, a mixed gas hydrogen concentration detection part, a hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor, a branch gas supply part and a post-reaction hydrogen concentration detection part, the air supply component and the hydrogen supply component are connected in parallel and then connected to the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor through a mixing pipeline, the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor comprises multiple stages of catalytic reaction cavities which are sequentially distributed from the head end to the tail end, and each catalytic reaction cavity is connected with a branch air supply component. The branch gas supply components are further connected to the hydrogen supply component through branch pipelines, the gas inlet amount of each branch gas supply component is adjustable, the mixing pipeline is communicated with the branch gas supply components through branch connecting pipelines, and a mixed gas pressure detection component, a mixed gas humidity detection component and a mixed gas hydrogen concentration detection component are arranged on the mixing pipeline.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of energy technology, and in particular to a multi-stage air intake type hydrogen catalytic combustion system and method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As the most abundant element in the universe, hydrogen energy has the characteristics of wide sources, rich application scenarios, high calorific value, zero carbon emissions, and renewable, and is regarded as the energy with the greatest development potential in the 21st century. At present, hydrogen energy has been widely used in transportation, industry, electronics, construction and other fields. At the same time, hydrogen energy can also be used as an energy reserve to solve the energy crisis. Therefore, the hydrogen energy industry will usher in a huge development opportunity.

[0003] With the rapid development of the hydrogen energy industry, the treatment of some unused hydrogen in hydrogen-using equipment has attracted more and more attention. On the one hand, in a closed or poorly ventilated environment such as hydrogen-powered submarines, hydrogen-powered subways, hydrogen-powered mining cars and other closed or semi-closed use scenarios, the direct discharge of unused hydrogen is likely to cause hydrogen accumulation and bring the risk of combustion and explosion; on the other hand, hydrogen can react with ozone in the stratosphere to destroy the ozone layer, and hydrogen will react with hydroxyl radicals in the air, resulting in a decrease in hydroxyl radicals that react with methane in the atmosphere. Large amounts of hydrogen emissions will also aggravate the greenhouse effect. Hydrogen catalytic combustion technology is a technology that effectively treats unused hydrogen. It mainly passes a hydrogen-oxygen mixture with a certain hydrogen concentration through a reactor carrying a Pd or Pt-based catalyst, and reacts with hydrogen to produce water under the action of the catalyst, thereby achieving effective hydrogen consumption and avoiding the direct discharge of high concentrations of hydrogen into the air.

[0004] At present, hydrogen catalytic combustion technology is that hydrogen and air are mixed into a mixed gas with a certain target hydrogen concentration and then enter the catalytic combustion reactor. The oxygen for hydrogen catalytic combustion mainly comes from the air. In order to meet the larger air velocity ratio, the air supply equipment such as air compressors or fans will have a large air supply volume, which makes the air supply equipment consume a lot of power. The oxygen content in the air accounts for about 21%, so only a small part of the oxygen in the supplied air is used, and the rest is discharged into the atmosphere as hydrogen-free gas. For example, taking an air velocity of 1000L / min as an example, according to the hydrogen concentration of 4% in the hydrogen-free mixed gas, when the hydrogen removal rate is 100%, the volume of oxygen in the gas after the reaction is about 181L, and its concentration still accounts for 18.5%. That is, if a fan with a power consumption of 5kW is used to provide air, only about 0.6kW of power is useful power consumption, and the rest is useless power consumption. The utilization rate is only 12%, resulting in a huge waste of energy. In addition, during the hydrogen catalytic combustion process, the higher the hydrogen concentration in the mixed gas and the larger the unit intake volume, the higher the reaction temperature will be. If the mixed gas enters the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor with a high hydrogen concentration and large volume, it may cause deflagration or flashback due to the instantaneous excessive reaction temperature. The higher the catalytic combustion temperature means the higher the requirements for the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor and pipeline equipment, and the higher the requirements for heat dissipation. Therefore, in some special scenarios, there are higher restrictions on the temperature of hydrogen catalytic combustion. In addition, during the cold start-up phase of the hydrogen catalytic combustion system, the intake of air all the way will make the temperature of the front section of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor high, and the reaction temperature of the middle and rear sections will decrease successively, resulting in uneven temperature distribution and low catalytic combustion efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0005] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a multi-stage air intake type hydrogen catalytic combustion system. The multi-stage air intake type hydrogen catalytic combustion system of the present invention can realize multi-stage air intake in different modes according to the use requirements, improve the hydrogen catalytic efficiency of the hydrogen catalytic combustion system according to the requirements, reduce the reaction temperature, and realize the uniformity of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reaction temperature.

[0006] An embodiment of the present application provides a multi-stage air intake hydrogen catalytic combustion system.

[0007] A multi-stage air intake hydrogen catalytic combustion system, comprising a hydrogen supply component, an air supply component, a mixed gas pressure detection component, a mixed gas humidity detection component, a mixed gas hydrogen concentration detection component, a hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor, a branch air supply component and a post-reaction hydrogen concentration detection component, wherein the air supply component is connected in parallel with the hydrogen supply component and is connected to the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor through a mixing pipe, the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor comprises a plurality of catalytic reaction chambers sequentially distributed from the head end to the tail end, each of the catalytic reaction chambers is respectively connected to the branch air supply component, each of the branch air supply components is also connected to the hydrogen supply component through a branch pipe, the air intake amount of each branch air supply component is adjustable, the mixing pipe is connected to the branch air supply component through a branch connecting pipe, the mixing pipe is provided with the mixed gas pressure detection component, The mixed gas humidity detection component and the mixed gas hydrogen concentration detection component, the mixed gas pressure detection component is used to monitor the pressure of the mixed gas in the mixing pipe for pressure regulation of the air inlet of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor, the mixed gas humidity detection component is used to monitor the humidity of the mixed gas in the mixing pipe, the mixed gas hydrogen concentration detection component is used to monitor the hydrogen concentration of the mixed gas in the mixing pipe to regulate the hydrogen ratio in the mixed gas, the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor is filled with at least a Pd-based catalyst and a Pt-based catalyst for realizing hydrogen catalytic combustion, the exhaust port of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor is connected to an exhaust pipe, the post-reaction hydrogen concentration detection component is arranged on the exhaust pipe, and the post-reaction hydrogen concentration detection component is used to monitor the hydrogen concentration of the gas entering the exhaust pipe after the hydrogen elimination reaction.

[0008] In some of the embodiments, in the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor, gas mixing chambers are respectively arranged between adjacent catalytic reaction chambers, and each of the gas mixing chambers is respectively provided with a branch air inlet for connecting the branch air supply component and a water collecting tank for collecting reaction products.

[0009] In some of the embodiments, along the direction from the head end to the tail end, the width of the plurality of catalytic reaction chambers first decreases and then increases.

[0010] In some embodiments, the air supply component includes an air supply pipe, an air supply pump, an air flow meter, and an air pressure detection component. One end of the air supply pipe is connected to an air source, and the other end of the air supply pipe is connected to the mixing pipe. The air supply pump, the air flow meter and the air pressure detection component are respectively arranged on the air supply pipe.

[0011] In some embodiments, the hydrogen supply component includes a hydrogen supply pipeline, a hydrogen supply pump, a hydrogen flowmeter, and a hydrogen pressure detection component. One end of the hydrogen supply pipeline is connected to a hydrogen source, and the other end of the hydrogen supply pipeline is connected to the mixing pipeline. The hydrogen supply pump, the hydrogen flowmeter and the hydrogen pressure detection component are respectively arranged on the hydrogen supply pipeline.

[0012] In some of the embodiments, the multi-stage air-intake hydrogen catalytic combustion system also includes a reactor temperature detection component, which is connected to the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor. The reactor temperature detection component is used to monitor the reaction temperature in the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor to adjust and correct the hydrogen concentration in the mixed gas in the mixing pipe to prevent excessive hydrogen concentration from causing violent reaction and excessive temperature.

[0013] In some of the embodiments, the multi-stage air intake type hydrogen catalytic combustion system further includes an exhaust solenoid valve, which is disposed on the exhaust pipe to control the discharge of the post-reaction gas.

[0014] In some of the embodiments, the multi-stage air-intake hydrogen catalytic combustion system further includes a hydrogen switch solenoid valve, which is disposed on the branch pipeline to control the hydrogen intake of the branch pipeline.

[0015] In some of the embodiments, the multi-stage air-intake hydrogen catalytic combustion system also includes a safety valve, the mixing pipe is also connected to a safety discharge pipeline, the safety discharge pipeline is connected to the exhaust pipe, and the safety valve is arranged on the safety discharge pipeline to discharge the mixed gas in the mixing pipe in emergency situations including fire and severe overheating.

[0016] In some of the embodiments, the multi-stage air intake type hydrogen catalytic combustion system further includes a mixed gas switch solenoid valve, and the mixed gas switch solenoid valve is arranged on the branch connection pipeline.

[0017] In some of the embodiments, the multi-stage air-intake hydrogen catalytic combustion system also includes a flame arrester, which is arranged on the mixing pipe and is close to the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor, and / or the flame arrester is also arranged on the branch pipe and is close to the branch air supply component.

[0018] An embodiment of the present application also provides a multi-stage air intake type hydrogen catalytic combustion method.

[0019] A multi-stage air intake type hydrogen catalytic combustion method, characterized in that the multi-stage air intake type hydrogen catalytic combustion system is used, comprising the following steps:

[0020] (1) Mode 1: Conventional mixed gas catalytic combustion

[0021] The hydrogen switch solenoid valve and the mixed gas switch solenoid valve on the control branch pipeline are closed to cut off the branch pipeline and the branch pipe connecting pipeline, so that the mixed gas with the target hydrogen concentration enters the catalytic reaction cabin through the mixing pipeline and the main air inlet of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor for hydrogen catalytic combustion reaction;

[0022] (2) Mode 2: Hydrogen multi-stage mixed gas intake

[0023] When hydrogen is multi-stage mixed gas intake, the hydrogen switch solenoid valve is controlled to be opened and the mixed gas switch solenoid valve is controlled to be closed, so as to open the branch pipeline and cut off the branch pipe connection pipeline, and inject hydrogen into the branch air inlet of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor through different branch air supply components;

[0024] (3) Mode 3: Multi-stage dispersed intake of mixed gas

[0025] When the mixed gas is inhaled in a multi-stage dispersed manner, the hydrogen switch solenoid valve is controlled to be closed and the mixed gas switch solenoid valve is controlled to be opened, so as to cut off the branch pipeline and open the branch pipe connecting pipeline to realize the connection between the mixing pipeline and the branch gas supply component, and control the air supply component and the hydrogen gas supply component to work according to the target mixed hydrogen concentration. A part of the mixed gas with a certain hydrogen concentration enters the catalytic reaction chamber of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor through the main inlet of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor, and a part of the mixed gas enters the gas mixing chamber of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor from the branch air inlet through the branch air supply component, and performs hydrogen catalytic combustion reaction in the catalytic reaction chamber along with the gas flow.

[0026] The multi-stage air intake type hydrogen catalytic combustion system of the present invention can realize multi-stage air intake in different modes according to the use requirements, improve the hydrogen catalytic efficiency of the hydrogen catalytic combustion system according to the requirements, reduce the reaction temperature, and realize the uniformity of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reaction temperature. The multi-stage air intake type hydrogen catalytic combustion system proposed in the present application adopts a system configuration of multi-stage air intake, so that the gas can realize different modes of air intake in different modes through the branch air supply components, which can not only increase the useful power consumption ratio of the air supply components, improve the catalytic combustion efficiency of the hydrogen catalytic combustion system, but also reduce the reaction temperature of catalytic combustion. In addition, the multi-stage air intake method of the present application can also solve the problem of uneven temperature distribution of the hydrogen catalytic combustion system during the cold machine startup stage, and improve the cold machine startup time of the system.

[0027] Specifically, the present application adopts segmented multi-stage air intake, injects hydrogen multiple times during the reaction process of the mixed gas, and increases the proportion of hydrogen in the mixed gas after each reaction. The oxygen in the mixed gas can be fully reacted, and air supply equipment such as air compressors or fans provide air at the same power consumption. The amount of hydrogen that can be catalytically burned will increase several times, the useful power will be greatly increased, and the utilization rate will also be greatly improved. By adopting segmented multi-stage air intake, mixed gases with a certain amount of gas and a certain hydrogen concentration can be graded into the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor, and the total hydrogen consumption can still meet the requirements. The mixing and heat exchange in the intermediate process can greatly reduce the reaction temperature of the hydrogen catalytic combustion. By adopting segmented multi-stage air intake in the startup phase, the reaction temperature inside the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor can reach equilibrium faster, shortening the time for cold start of the hydrogen catalytic combustion system.

[0028] In summary, compared with the conventional technology, the multi-stage air intake hydrogen catalytic combustion system and its working mode and method proposed in this application have the following advantages:

[0029] (1) Through the multi-stage hydrogen mixing intake, the useful power consumption ratio of the air supply components is increased, and the catalytic combustion efficiency of the hydrogen catalytic combustion system is improved.

[0030] (2) By dispersing the intake of the mixed gas at multiple stages, the reaction temperature of the hydrogen catalytic combustion is reduced, thereby improving the adaptability of the hydrogen catalytic combustion system in special usage scenarios.

[0031] (3) Solve the problem of uneven temperature distribution before and after the reactor catalyst due to the air intake during the cold start-up phase of the hydrogen catalytic combustion system, thereby shortening the cold start-up time of the hydrogen catalytic combustion system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative work.

[0033] In order to more completely understand the present application and its beneficial effects, the following description will be given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, the same reference numerals represent the same parts.

[0034] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a multi-stage air intake type hydrogen catalytic combustion system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] FIG2 is a cross-sectional view of a hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor of a multi-stage air intake type hydrogen catalytic combustion system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] FIG3 is a schematic flow chart of a multi-stage air intake type hydrogen catalytic combustion method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Description of Reference Numerals

[0038] 10. Multi-stage air intake hydrogen catalytic combustion system; 100. Hydrogen gas supply component; 200. Air gas supply component; 300. Mixed gas pressure detection component; 400. Mixed gas humidity detection component; 500. Mixed gas hydrogen concentration detection component; 600. Hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor; 610. Catalytic reaction chamber; 620. Gas mixing chamber; 630. Branch air inlet; 640. Water collecting tank; 700. Branch gas supply component; 800. Post-reaction hydrogen concentration detection component; 900. Reactor temperature detection component; 1000. Safety valve; 1100. Hydrogen switch solenoid valve; 1200. Mixed gas switch solenoid valve; 1300. Flame arrester; 101. Mixing pipeline; 102. Branch pipeline; 103. Branch connecting pipeline; 104. Exhaust pipeline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present invention, so the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0040] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0041] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0042] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0043] In the description of the present invention, "several" means more than one, "many" means more than two, "greater than", "less than", "exceed", etc. are understood to exclude the number itself, and "above", "below", "within", etc. are understood to include the number itself. If there is a description of "first" or "second", it is only used for the purpose of distinguishing the technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying the relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0044] In this article, "optionally", "optional", "optional" means optional, that is, it means to be selected from any of the two parallel solutions of "yes" or "no". If there are multiple "optional" in a technical solution, unless otherwise specified and there is no contradiction or mutual restriction, each "optional" is independent. In this application, the descriptions such as "optionally contain" and "optionally include" mean "contain or not contain".

[0045] In the present application, when it comes to a numerical interval (i.e., a numerical range), unless otherwise specified, the distribution of the optional numerical values ​​in the numerical interval is considered to be continuous, and includes the two numerical endpoints (i.e., the minimum and maximum values) of the numerical interval, and each numerical value between the two numerical endpoints. Unless otherwise specified, when the numerical interval only refers to an integer in the numerical interval, it includes the two endpoint integers of the numerical range, and each integer between the two endpoints, which is equivalent to directly listing each integer. When multiple numerical ranges are provided to describe features or characteristics, these numerical ranges can be combined. In other words, unless otherwise specified, the numerical range disclosed in the present application should be understood to include any and all sub-ranges included therein. The "numerical value" in the numerical interval can be any quantitative value, such as a number, a percentage, a ratio, etc. "Numerical interval" allows for a broad range of quantitative intervals such as percentage intervals, ratio intervals, and ratio intervals.

[0046] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs. The terms used herein in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.

[0047] The embodiment of the present application provides a multi-stage air intake type hydrogen catalytic combustion system to solve at least one of the following technical problems existing in the existing hydrogen catalytic combustion technology: (1) Most of the power consumption of the air supply components of the air path is not utilized, and the hydrogen catalytic combustion efficiency is low; (2) When the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor adopts one-way air intake, if the hydrogen concentration is high and the air intake volume is large, the reaction temperature will be high, and the requirements for equipment and pipelines will be high, and only additional heat dissipation components can be added, resulting in increased costs; (3) During the cold start-up phase of the hydrogen catalytic combustion system, one-way air intake will cause the reactor catalyst temperature to be unevenly distributed, and the hydrogen catalytic combustion efficiency is low. The multi-stage air intake type hydrogen catalytic combustion system will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0048] The multi-stage air intake type hydrogen catalytic combustion system 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application is exemplarily shown in FIG1 , which is a schematic structural diagram of the multi-stage air intake type hydrogen catalytic combustion system 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application. The multi-stage air intake type hydrogen catalytic combustion system 10 of the present application can be used for hydrogen catalytic combustion purposes.

[0049] In order to more clearly illustrate the structure of the multi-stage air intake type hydrogen catalytic combustion system 10 , the multi-stage air intake type hydrogen catalytic combustion system 10 will be introduced below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0050] For example, please refer to FIG. 1 , which shows a multi-stage air intake hydrogen catalytic combustion system 10, including a hydrogen supply component 100, an air supply component 200, a mixed gas pressure detection component 300, a mixed gas humidity detection component 400, a mixed gas hydrogen concentration detection component 500, a hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 600, a branch air supply component 700, and a post-reaction hydrogen concentration detection component 800.

[0051] The air supply component 200 is connected in parallel with the hydrogen supply component 100 and is connected to the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 600 through a mixing pipe 101. The hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 600 includes a plurality of catalytic reaction chambers 610 distributed sequentially from the head end to the tail end. Each catalytic reaction chamber 610 is respectively connected to a branch air supply component 700, and the branch air supply component 700 is also connected to the hydrogen supply component 100 through a branch pipe 102. The air intake of each branch air supply component 700 is adjustable. The mixing pipe 101 is connected to the branch air supply component 700 through a branch connecting pipeline.

[0052] The mixing pipe 101 is provided with a mixed gas pressure detection component 300, a mixed gas humidity detection component 400 and a mixed gas hydrogen concentration detection component 500. The mixed gas pressure detection component 300 is used to monitor the pressure of the mixed gas in the mixing pipe 101 for pressure regulation of the air inlet of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 600. The mixed gas humidity detection component 400 is used to monitor the humidity of the mixed gas in the mixing pipe 101. The mixed gas hydrogen concentration detection component 500 is used to monitor the hydrogen concentration of the mixed gas in the mixing pipe 101 to regulate the hydrogen ratio in the mixed gas. The hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 600 is filled with at least a Pd-based catalyst and a Pt-based catalyst for realizing hydrogen catalytic combustion. The exhaust port of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 600 is connected to the exhaust pipe 104. The post-reaction hydrogen concentration detection component 800 is arranged on the exhaust pipe 104. The post-reaction hydrogen concentration detection component 800 is used to monitor the hydrogen concentration of the gas entering the exhaust pipe 104 after the hydrogen elimination reaction.

[0053] The multi-stage air intake type hydrogen catalytic combustion system 10 of the present invention can realize multi-stage air intake in different modes according to the use requirements, improve the hydrogen catalytic efficiency of the hydrogen catalytic combustion system according to the requirements, reduce the reaction temperature, and realize the uniformity of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reaction temperature. The multi-stage air intake type hydrogen catalytic combustion system 10 proposed in the present application adopts a system configuration of multi-stage air intake, so that the gas can realize different modes of air intake in different modes through the branch air supply component 700, which can not only increase the useful power consumption ratio of the air supply component, improve the catalytic combustion efficiency of the hydrogen catalytic combustion system, but also reduce the reaction temperature of catalytic combustion. In addition, the multi-stage air intake method of the present application can also solve the problem of uneven temperature distribution of the hydrogen catalytic combustion system during the cold machine startup stage, and improve the cold machine startup time of the system.

[0054] In some of the embodiments, as shown in FIG2 , FIG2 is a cross-sectional view of a hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 600 of a multi-stage air intake type hydrogen catalytic combustion system 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 600, gas mixing chambers 620 are respectively provided between adjacent catalytic reaction chambers 610. Each gas mixing chamber 620 is respectively provided with a branch air inlet 630 for connecting to a branch air supply component 700 and a water collecting tank 640 for collecting reaction products.

[0055] In some embodiments, the width of the multiple catalytic reaction chambers 610 first gradually decreases and then gradually increases along the direction from the head end to the tail end of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 600. As shown in FIG2 , from the head end to the middle position of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 600, the width of the multiple catalytic reaction chambers 610 first gradually decreases, and from the middle position to the tail end of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 600, the width of the multiple catalytic reaction chambers 610 first gradually increases.

[0056] In some embodiments, the air supply component 200 includes an air supply pipeline, an air supply pump, an air flow meter, and an air pressure detection component. One end of the air supply pipeline is connected to an air source. The other end of the air supply pipeline is connected to the mixing pipeline 101. The air supply pump, the air flow meter, and the air pressure detection component are respectively arranged on the air supply pipeline. The air supply pipeline, the air supply pump, the air flow meter, and the air pressure detection component are not shown in the drawings.

[0057] In some embodiments, the hydrogen supply component 100 includes a hydrogen supply pipeline, a hydrogen supply pump, a hydrogen flow meter, and a hydrogen pressure detection component. One end of the hydrogen supply pipeline is connected to a hydrogen source, and the other end of the hydrogen supply pipeline is connected to a mixing pipeline 101. The hydrogen supply pump, the hydrogen flow meter, and the hydrogen pressure detection component are respectively arranged on the hydrogen supply pipeline. The hydrogen supply pipeline, the hydrogen supply pump, the hydrogen flow meter, and the hydrogen pressure detection component are not shown in the drawings.

[0058] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1 , the multi-stage air intake type hydrogen catalytic combustion system 10 further includes a reactor temperature detection component 900. The reactor temperature detection component 900 is connected to the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 600. The reactor temperature detection component 900 is used to monitor the reaction temperature in the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 600 to adjust and correct the hydrogen concentration in the mixed gas in the mixing pipe 101 to prevent excessive hydrogen concentration from causing violent reaction and excessive temperature.

[0059] In some of the embodiments, preferably, a reactor temperature detection component 900 is respectively provided at the position corresponding to each catalytic reaction chamber 610 .

[0060] In some embodiments, the multi-stage air intake hydrogen catalytic combustion system 10 further includes an exhaust solenoid valve. The exhaust solenoid valve is disposed on the exhaust pipe 104 to control the discharge of the post-reaction gas. The exhaust solenoid valve is not shown in the drawings.

[0061] In some of the embodiments, the multi-stage air intake type hydrogen catalytic combustion system 10 further includes a hydrogen switch solenoid valve 1100. The hydrogen switch solenoid valve 1100 is disposed on the branch pipeline 102 to control the hydrogen intake of the branch pipeline 102.

[0062] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG1 , the multi-stage air intake type hydrogen catalytic combustion system 10 further includes a safety valve 1000. The mixing pipeline 101 is also connected to a safety discharge pipeline, which is connected to the exhaust pipeline 104. The safety valve 1000 is arranged on the safety discharge pipeline to discharge the mixed gas in the mixing pipeline 101 in emergency situations including fire and severe overheating.

[0063] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1 , the multi-stage air intake hydrogen catalytic combustion system 10 further includes a mixed gas switch solenoid valve 1200. The mixed gas switch solenoid valve 1200 is disposed on the branch connection pipeline, and the mixed gas switch solenoid valve 1200 is used to directly control the on-off of the branch connection pipeline 103. The cooperation between the mixed gas switch solenoid valve 1200 and the hydrogen switch solenoid valve 1100 can realize the on-off of the branch pipeline 102 and the branch gas supply component 700.

[0064] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG1 , the multi-stage air intake type hydrogen catalytic combustion system 10 further includes a flame arrester 1300. The flame arrester 1300 is disposed on the mixing pipe 101. The flame arrester 1300 is close to the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 600.

[0065] In some of the embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1 , a flame arrester 1300 is also provided on the branch pipeline 102 , and the flame arrester 1300 is close to the branch gas supply component 700 .

[0066] Preferably, in one example, as shown in FIG. 1 , one end of the branch connection pipe 103 is connected to the mixing pipe 101 and the other end is connected to the branch pipe 102, the hydrogen switch solenoid valve 1100 is arranged near the hydrogen supply component 100, and the flame arrester 1300 is arranged near the branch supply component 700, that is, one end of the branch connection pipe 103 is connected to the branch pipe 102 at a position between the hydrogen switch solenoid valve 1100 and the flame arrester 1300. At the same time, one end of the branch connection pipe 103 is connected to the mixing pipe 101 at a position between the mixed gas hydrogen concentration detection component 500 and the flame arrester 1300.

[0067] For example, when the hydrogen switch solenoid valve 1100 and the mixed gas switch solenoid valve 1200 on the control branch pipeline 102 are both closed, the branch pipeline 102 and the branch pipe connecting pipeline can be cut off. When the hydrogen switch solenoid valve 1100 is controlled to be opened and the mixed gas switch solenoid valve 1200 is closed, the branch pipeline 102 can be opened and the branch pipe connecting pipeline can be cut off, and the mixing pipeline 101 is not connected to the branch gas supply component 700. When the hydrogen switch solenoid valve 1100 is controlled to be closed and the mixed gas switch solenoid valve 1200 is opened, the branch pipeline 102 can be cut off and the branch pipe connecting pipeline can be opened to achieve the connection between the mixing pipeline 101 and the branch gas supply component 700.

[0068] In some of the embodiments, each of the above-mentioned detection components may be a corresponding detection sensor.

[0069] In some embodiments, the multi-stage air intake hydrogen catalytic combustion system 10 further includes a controller. The above-mentioned hydrogen supply component 100, air supply component 200, mixed gas pressure detection component 300, mixed gas humidity detection component 400, mixed gas hydrogen concentration detection component 500, hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 600, branch gas supply component 700, post-reaction hydrogen concentration detection component 800, post-reaction hydrogen concentration detection component 800, reactor temperature detection component 900, safety valve 1000, hydrogen switch solenoid valve 1100, and mixed gas switch solenoid valve 1200 are electrically connected to the controller respectively. The controller can perform corresponding program control as needed.

[0070] An embodiment of the present application also provides a multi-stage air intake type hydrogen catalytic combustion method.

[0071] It should be noted that, in this article, unless otherwise specified, each reaction step can be carried out in the order described herein, or can be carried out in a non-sequential manner. For example, other steps may be included between each reaction step, and the order of the reaction steps may also be appropriately swapped. This can be determined by the technician based on conventional knowledge and experience. Preferably, the reaction method herein is carried out sequentially.

[0072] A multi-stage air intake type hydrogen catalytic combustion method, using the above-mentioned multi-stage air intake type hydrogen catalytic combustion system 10, please refer to FIG. 3, FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a multi-stage air intake type hydrogen catalytic combustion method according to an embodiment of the present invention, including the following modes:

[0073] (1) Mode 1: Conventional mixed gas catalytic combustion

[0074] Please refer to FIG. 3 , the hydrogen switch solenoid valve 1100 and the mixed gas switch solenoid valve 1200 on the control branch pipeline 102 are both closed to cut off the branch pipeline 102 and the branch pipe connecting pipeline, so that the mixed gas with the target hydrogen concentration enters the catalytic reaction chamber through the mixing pipeline 101 and the main air inlet of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 600 to perform hydrogen catalytic combustion reaction. The hydrogen removal concentration in this mode is the target hydrogen concentration of the initial intake air;

[0075] (2) Mode 2: Hydrogen multi-stage mixed gas intake

[0076] Please refer to Figure 3. When hydrogen is multi-stage mixed gas intake, the hydrogen switch solenoid valve 1100 is controlled to be opened and the mixed gas switch solenoid valve 1200 is controlled to be closed to open the branch pipeline 102 and cut off the branch pipe connecting pipeline. Hydrogen is injected into the branch air inlet 630 of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 600 through different branch air supply components 700 to achieve continuous replenishment of hydrogen, fully consume and utilize the oxygen in the air, and save the energy consumption of the air supply pump.

[0077] For example, if the hydrogen concentration of the initial mixed gas is 3%, after each catalytic reaction chamber, the hydrogen concentration of the mixed gas after the reaction drops to 1%, and then hydrogen is injected through the multi-stage branch air inlet 630 to return the hydrogen concentration of the mixed gas after the reaction to 3%. In this way, hydrogen is successively eliminated to a hydrogen concentration of 1% and then hydrogen is re-injected to return it to 3%. The last stage achieves complete hydrogen elimination before emission. The oxygen concentration in the final exhaust gas is calculated to be 11%, that is, about 10% of the oxygen in the initial intake mixed gas is consumed, and 9 stages of branch air intake are required. The hydrogen elimination concentration can reach 19%, which is more than 6 times the original hydrogen elimination concentration. The air provided by the air supply pump at the same energy consumption can achieve 6 times the hydrogen elimination treatment, saving the energy consumption of the system, and at the same time avoiding the risk of explosion caused by the mixed gas with a hydrogen concentration exceeding 4% directly entering the hydrogen elimination reactor.

[0078] (3) Mode 3: Multi-stage dispersed intake of mixed gas

[0079] Please refer to Figure 3. When the mixed gas is multi-stage dispersed intake, the hydrogen switch solenoid valve 1100 is controlled to be closed and the mixed gas switch solenoid valve 1200 is opened to cut off the branch pipeline 102 and open the branch pipe connecting pipeline to realize the connection between the mixing pipeline 101 and the branch gas supply component 700, and control the air supply component 200 and the hydrogen gas supply component 100 to work according to the target mixed hydrogen concentration. A part of the mixed gas with a certain hydrogen concentration enters the catalytic reaction chamber of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 600 through the main inlet of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 600, and a part of it enters the gas mixing chamber 620 of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 600 from the branch air inlet 630 through the branch gas supply component 700, and performs hydrogen catalytic combustion reaction in the catalytic reaction chamber along with the gas flow.

[0080] In some of the embodiments, the distribution ratio of mode three can be that 1 / 2 of the mixed gas enters the main inlet, and 1 / 4 of the mixed gas enters the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 600 through the two-stage branch inlet, so that the heat generated by the catalytic combustion of the front-stage mixed gas flows with the gas and merges with the new mixed gas in the gas mixing chamber 620. The front-stage mixed gas undergoes the hydrogen catalytic combustion reaction, and the water vapor concentration increases. After merging with the new mixed gas in the gas mixing chamber 620, the temperature will decrease and react again in the catalytic reaction chamber of the next stage, ensuring that the reaction temperature will not suddenly increase when the high-concentration hydrogen mixed gas suddenly enters the hydrogen dehydrogenation reactor, and also ensuring the uniformity of the temperature of the entire process of the hydrogen dehydrogenation reactor.

[0081] In some of the embodiments, in the multi-stage air intake hydrogen catalytic combustion method, during the cold start-up phase of the hydrogen catalytic combustion system, the catalyst temperature in the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 600 is low and the activity is poor. The catalyst temperature at the front end and the catalyst temperature at the rear end will differ greatly, resulting in low hydrogen catalytic combustion efficiency. At this time, the temperature of each catalytic reaction chamber can be increased in a shorter time and basically consistent with each other by staged air intake of the mixed gas, which can effectively shorten the cold start-up time of the hydrogen catalytic combustion system and improve the hydrogen catalytic combustion efficiency.

[0082] In the multi-stage intake hydrogen catalytic combustion method, according to the mode selection, mode one is the conventional hydrogen catalytic combustion mode, hydrogen and air are mixed into a mixed gas with a certain target hydrogen concentration, and directly enter the reactor through the main inlet of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 600 for catalytic combustion reaction; mode two, if the hydrogen catalytic combustion efficiency and air utilization rate are to be improved, hydrogen is supplemented to the mixed gas after the previous reaction to increase the hydrogen concentration of the mixed gas after the previous reaction, and continue to react with oxygen in the air, thereby improving the hydrogen removal efficiency of the hydrogen catalytic combustion system; mode three, if the hydrogen catalytic combustion temperature is to be controlled to prevent the reaction temperature from being too high, the mixed gas with the target hydrogen removal concentration is proportionally divided and then multi-stage intake is performed. In addition, during the cold start-up stage of the hydrogen catalytic combustion system, multi-stage intake can be selected to make the catalyst temperature inside the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 600 reach the appropriate temperature faster, thereby achieving the hydrogen removal effect faster.

[0083] The present invention adopts segmented multi-stage air intake, injects hydrogen multiple times during the reaction process of the mixed gas, and increases the proportion of hydrogen in the mixed gas after each reaction. The oxygen in the mixed gas can be fully reacted, and air supply equipment such as an air compressor or a fan provides air under the same power consumption. The amount of hydrogen that can be catalytically burned will be increased several times, the useful power will be greatly increased, and the utilization rate will also be greatly improved. By adopting segmented multi-stage air intake, mixed gases with a certain amount of gas and a certain hydrogen concentration can be graded into the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 600, and the total hydrogen consumption can still meet the requirements. The mixing and heat exchange in the intermediate process can greatly reduce the reaction temperature of the hydrogen catalytic combustion. By adopting segmented multi-stage air intake in the startup stage, the internal reaction temperature of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 600 can reach equilibrium faster, shortening the time for cold start of the hydrogen catalytic combustion system.

[0084] In summary, compared with conventional technologies, the multi-stage air intake hydrogen catalytic combustion system 10 and its working mode and method proposed in this application have the following advantages:

[0085] (1) Through the multi-stage hydrogen mixing intake, the useful power consumption ratio of the air supply components is increased, and the catalytic combustion efficiency of the hydrogen catalytic combustion system is improved.

[0086] (2) By dispersing the intake of the mixed gas at multiple stages, the reaction temperature of the hydrogen catalytic combustion is reduced, thereby improving the adaptability of the hydrogen catalytic combustion system in special usage scenarios.

[0087] (3) Solve the problem of uneven temperature distribution before and after the reactor catalyst due to the air intake during the cold start-up phase of the hydrogen catalytic combustion system, thereby shortening the cold start-up time of the hydrogen catalytic combustion system.

[0088] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0089] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0090] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the patent of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A multi-stage air intake type hydrogen catalytic combustion system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a hydrogen supply component, an air supply component, a mixed gas pressure detection component, a mixed gas humidity detection component, a mixed gas hydrogen concentration detection component, a hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor, a branch gas supply component and a post-reaction hydrogen concentration detection component. The air supply component is connected to the hydrogen supply component in parallel with the hydrogen supply component through a mixing pipeline. The hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor comprises a plurality of catalytic reaction chambers sequentially distributed from the head end to the tail end. Each of the catalytic reaction chambers is respectively connected with the branch gas supply component. Each of the branch gas supply components is also connected to the hydrogen supply component through a branch pipeline. The air intake volume of each branch gas supply component is adjustable. The mixing pipeline is connected with the branch gas supply component through a branch connecting pipeline. The mixed gas pressure detection component, the mixed gas humidity detection component and the mixed gas pressure detection component are arranged on the mixing pipeline. The invention relates to a component and a mixed gas hydrogen concentration detection component, wherein the mixed gas pressure detection component is used to monitor the pressure of the mixed gas in the mixing pipe for pressure regulation of the air inlet of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor, the mixed gas humidity detection component is used to monitor the humidity of the mixed gas in the mixing pipe, the mixed gas hydrogen concentration detection component is used to monitor the hydrogen concentration of the mixed gas in the mixing pipe to regulate the hydrogen ratio in the mixed gas, the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor is filled with at least a Pd-based catalyst and a Pt-based catalyst for realizing hydrogen catalytic combustion, the exhaust port of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor is connected to an exhaust pipe, the post-reaction hydrogen concentration detection component is arranged on the exhaust pipe, and the post-reaction hydrogen concentration detection component is used to monitor the hydrogen concentration of the gas entering the exhaust pipe after the hydrogen elimination reaction.

2. The multi-stage air intake type hydrogen catalytic combustion system according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor, gas mixing chambers are respectively arranged between adjacent catalytic reaction chambers, and each of the gas mixing chambers is respectively provided with a branch air inlet for connecting the branch air supply component and a water collecting tank for collecting reaction products; And / or, along the direction from the head end to the tail end, the widths of the plurality of catalytic reaction chambers first decrease and then increase.

3. The multi-stage air intake type hydrogen catalytic combustion system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air supply component includes an air supply pipe, an air supply pump, an air flow meter, and an air pressure detection component. One end of the air supply pipe is connected to an air source, and the other end of the air supply pipe is connected to the mixing pipe. The air supply pump, the air flow meter, and the air pressure detection component are respectively arranged on the air supply pipe.

4. The multi-stage air intake type hydrogen catalytic combustion system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen supply component includes a hydrogen supply pipeline, a hydrogen supply pump, a hydrogen flowmeter, and a hydrogen pressure detection component. One end of the hydrogen supply pipeline is connected to a hydrogen source, and the other end of the hydrogen supply pipeline is connected to the mixing pipeline. The hydrogen supply pump, the hydrogen flowmeter, and the hydrogen pressure detection component are respectively arranged on the hydrogen supply pipeline.

5. The multi-stage air intake type hydrogen catalytic combustion system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The multi-stage air-intake hydrogen catalytic combustion system also includes a reactor temperature detection component, which is connected to the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor. The reactor temperature detection component is used to monitor the reaction temperature in the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor to adjust and correct the hydrogen concentration in the mixed gas in the mixing pipeline to prevent excessive hydrogen concentration from causing violent reaction and excessive temperature.

6. The multi-stage air intake type hydrogen catalytic combustion system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The multi-stage air intake type hydrogen catalytic combustion system further comprises an exhaust solenoid valve, which is arranged on the exhaust pipe to control the discharge of the post-reaction gas; And / or, the multi-stage air-intake hydrogen catalytic combustion system further includes a hydrogen switch solenoid valve, and the hydrogen switch solenoid valve is arranged on the branch pipeline to control the hydrogen intake of the branch pipeline.

7. The multi-stage air intake type hydrogen catalytic combustion system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The multi-stage air-intake hydrogen catalytic combustion system also includes a safety valve. The mixing pipe is also connected to a safety discharge pipeline, which is connected to the exhaust pipe. The safety valve is arranged on the safety discharge pipeline to discharge the mixed gas in the mixing pipe in emergency situations including fire and severe overheating.

8. The multi-stage air intake type hydrogen catalytic combustion system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The multi-stage air intake type hydrogen catalytic combustion system further comprises a mixed gas switch solenoid valve, and the mixed gas switch solenoid valve is arranged on the branch connection pipeline.

9. The multi-stage air intake type hydrogen catalytic combustion system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The multi-stage air-intake hydrogen catalytic combustion system also includes a flame arrester, which is arranged on the mixing pipe and is close to the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor, and / or the flame arrester is also arranged on the branch pipe and is close to the branch air supply component.

10. A multi-stage air intake type hydrogen catalytic combustion method, characterized in that: The multi-stage air intake type hydrogen catalytic combustion system according to any one of claims 1 to 9 comprises the following steps: (1) Mode 1: Conventional mixed gas catalytic combustion The hydrogen switch solenoid valve and the mixed gas switch solenoid valve on the control branch pipeline are closed to cut off the branch pipeline and the branch pipe connecting pipeline, so that the mixed gas with the target hydrogen concentration enters the catalytic reaction cabin through the mixing pipeline and the main air inlet of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor for hydrogen catalytic combustion reaction; (2) Mode 2: Hydrogen multi-stage mixed gas intake When hydrogen is multi-stage mixed gas intake, the hydrogen switch solenoid valve is controlled to be opened and the mixed gas switch solenoid valve is controlled to be closed, so as to open the branch pipeline and cut off the branch pipe connection pipeline, and inject hydrogen into the branch air inlet of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor through different branch air supply components; (3) Mode 3: Multi-stage dispersed intake of mixed gas When the mixed gas is inhaled in a multi-stage dispersed manner, the hydrogen switch solenoid valve is controlled to be closed and the mixed gas switch solenoid valve is controlled to be opened, so as to cut off the branch pipeline and open the branch connecting pipeline to realize the connection between the mixing pipeline and the branch gas supply component, and control the air supply component and the hydrogen gas supply component to work according to the target mixed hydrogen concentration. A part of the mixed gas with a certain hydrogen concentration enters the catalytic reaction chamber of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor through the main inlet of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor, and a part of the mixed gas enters the gas mixing chamber of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor from the branch air inlet through the branch air supply component, and performs hydrogen catalytic combustion reaction in the catalytic reaction chamber along with the gas flow.

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