Tunnel crossing area reinforcement monitoring device

Abstract

The invention discloses a tunnel crossing area reinforcement monitoring device, which comprises an outer protection pipe penetrating between the ground of a tunnel crossing area and a karst cave; the inner protective tube is arranged in the outer protective tube; the pushing rod is coaxially connected into the inner protection pipe in a sliding manner; the protection pipe is hinged to the lower end of the inner protection pipe, and a pop-up torsional spring is arranged on a hinge shaft; a fixator is inserted into the end of the protective tube, an optical fiber sensor is arranged at the bottom of the fixator, and the protective tube is of a split structure and wraps the optical fiber sensor. Before the karst cave is filled, the protection pipe is used for protection, the protection pipe is removed in the filling process, one end of the optical fiber sensor is fixed into the original soil body, the other end of the optical fiber sensor is fixed into the filling body, and therefore sedimentation of the filling body is monitored, and potential safety hazards are prevented from being eliminated in time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel geological settlement monitoring, and in particular to a tunnel crossing area reinforcement monitoring device. Background Art

[0002] The hazards of karst caves to tunnels can be divided into four main types: the existence of caves causes all or part of the building to be suspended in the air; the cave deposits are soft and easy to collapse and sink, affecting the stability of the building; the invasion of karst water brings difficulties to construction and operation; the loss of groundwater in the tunnel causes karst caves on the top of the tunnel to collapse, leading to environmental geological damage. All these hazards will affect the project cost and construction period, and endanger the safety of construction and operation.

[0003] After the cave is filled, a filling body is formed in the cave. There is a difference between the filling body and the soil above the tunnel, and the two will undergo uneven settlement. Therefore, they need to be monitored. The existing sensors are buried in the cave. In the subsequent filling process, the collision of the fillings can easily cause the sensor to shift, and on the other hand, the sensor can be deformed prematurely or even damaged. Therefore, a monitoring device that is easy to install safely is needed. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings existing in the prior art and to propose a tunnel crossing area reinforcement monitoring device, thereby solving the problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A tunnel crossing area reinforcement monitoring device, comprising:

[0007] The outer protective pipe runs through the ground and the cave in the tunnel crossing area;

[0008] An inner protective tube is placed inside the outer protective tube;

[0009] A push rod is coaxially slidably connected in the inner protective tube;

[0010] The protective tube is hingedly connected to the lower end of the inner protective tube and a spring-opening torsion spring is arranged on the hinge shaft;

[0011] The end of the protection tube is plugged with a fixture, the bottom of the fixture is provided with an optical fiber sensor, and the protection tube is in a split structure and wrapped around the outside of the optical fiber sensor.

[0012] Preferably, the fixer comprises an electric motor, the main shaft of the electric motor is fixedly connected to the excavation drill bit, a spiral blade is arranged on the outside of the excavation drill bit, a slot is arranged at the tail of the electric motor, and the protective tube is inserted into the slot.

[0013] Preferably, the protection tube comprises two half tubes hingedly connected to each other, and an expansion torsion spring is arranged on the hinge axis of the two half tubes;

[0014] One of the half pipes is fixedly connected to a traction wire, which is fixedly connected to the lower end of a push rod. The side of the inner protective pipe is hingedly connected to a guide seat, and the cross section of the guide seat is an excellent circular structure with an opening facing downward.

[0015] Preferably, the protection tube is provided with a notch, and the notch is provided corresponding to the guide seat.

[0016] Preferably, the protective tube includes a reference tube and a buffer tube axially slidably connected to the upper end of the reference tube, the traction wire is fixedly connected to the buffer tube, a buffer spring is installed between the upper end of the reference tube and the buffer tube, a damping plate is set on the inner ring of the guide seat, and the outer side of the buffer tube is fixedly connected to a push plate.

[0017] Preferably, a plurality of slots are arranged on the inner wall of the upper end of the outer protective tube, a guide column is arranged on the upper end of the inner protective tube, and an insertion rod is arranged outside the guide column, and the insertion rod is matched with the slots.

[0018] Preferably, the guide column is provided with a slide groove, a slider is slidably connected in the slide groove, the inner protective tube is fixedly connected to the slider, one side of the slider is fixedly connected to an inclined rod, and the inclined rod is parallel to the unfolded protective tube.

[0019] The advantages of the present invention are as follows: a tunnel crossing area reinforcement monitoring device provided by the present invention connects the ground of the tunnel crossing area and the cave through an outer protective pipe. The outer protective pipe facilitates the installation of the optical fiber sensor on the one hand, and the outer protective pipe is used to fill the cave later on the other hand. The inner protective pipe extends into the cave with the protective pipe, the protective pipe is tilted and opened, and the inner protective pipe is pulled along the axial direction of the protective pipe. The optical fiber sensor is fixed to the inner wall of the cave through a fixture. After the cave is filled (before the slurry is solidified), the protective pipe is removed. One end of the optical fiber sensor is fixed to the original soil body, and the other end is fixed to the filling body, so as to monitor the settlement of the filling body and avoid timely elimination of safety hazards.

[0020] The present invention can form a pushing effect through the buffer tube with a push plate, and the filler filled by synchronous grouting is wrapped around it. The filler is pushed axially through the buffer tube and the push plate to fill the gap after the protective tube is removed, thereby avoiding the formation of a cavity around the optical fiber sensor and avoiding monitoring failure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a basic structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A local enlarged view of point E in FIG.

[0023] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A local enlarged view of point F in FIG.

[0024] Figure 4is a schematic diagram of the protection tube in the second embodiment when it is deployed;

[0025] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the protection tube in the expanded state in Example 3;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the state of the present invention applied to tunnel karst cave management;

[0027] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a state in which the inner protective tube of the present invention is offset relative to the outer protective tube;

[0028] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the direction in which the insertion rod of the present invention is inserted into the protective tube in different slots. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the present invention provides a tunnel crossing area reinforcement monitoring device, comprising:

[0032] The outer protective tube 1 is passed through between the ground and the cave in the tunnel crossing area. A hole between the ground and the cave is first drilled by a conventional drilling rig, and the outer protective tube 1 is inserted to prevent the hole from collapsing; the inner protective tube 11 is placed in the outer protective tube 1; the push rod 12 is coaxially slidably connected in the inner protective tube 11; the protective tube 2 is hingedly connected to the lower end of the inner protective tube 11 and a spring-opening torsion spring is arranged on the hinge axis. The protective tube 2 is pushed to be close to the inner protective tube 11, and the inner protective tube 11 and the protective tube 2 are pushed downward by the outer protective tube 1 together. When the protective tube 2 leaves the lower end of the outer protective tube 1, it is unfolded under the action of the spring-opening torsion spring. Figure 1 The state shown; the end of the protective tube 2 is connected with a fixture 3, and a fiber optic sensor 4 is arranged at the bottom of the fixture 3. The protective tube 2 is a split structure and wrapped around the outside of the fiber optic sensor 4. The fiber optic sensor 4 is a flexible sensor, which is commonly used in the field of geological subsidence, so the principle of monitoring will not be elaborated.

[0033] A plurality of slots 51 are arranged on the inner wall of the upper end of the outer protective tube 1, a guide column 52 is arranged on the upper end of the inner protective tube 11, an insertion rod 53 is arranged on the outer side of the guide column 52, and the insertion rod 53 is adapted to the slot 51; a slide groove 54 is arranged on the guide column 52, a slider 55 is slidably connected in the slide groove 54, the inner protective tube 11 is fixedly connected to the slider 55, one side of the slider 55 is fixedly connected to an inclined rod 56, the inclined rod 56 is parallel to the unfolded protective tube 2, and the slider 55 slides in the slide groove 54 to adapt to the oblique traction of the inner protective tube 11 and the protective tube 2, such as Figure 1, Figure 2 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, due to the tilt of the device, the optical fiber sensor 4 needs to be placed obliquely. If the inner protective tube 11 is only moved axially along the outer protective tube 1, the axial movement of the optical fiber sensor 4 cannot be achieved, which affects the insertion of the fixture 3. Through the setting of the slider 55 and the slide groove 54, during installation, the inner protective tube 11 moves from the middle of the outer protective tube 1 to the side wall of the outer protective tube 1 and is axially displaced, as shown in FIG. Figure 7 As shown, traction in direction A forms action in direction C and action in direction B, which results in movement in direction D, thereby achieving installation guidance in the inclined direction.

[0034] The insertion rod 53 is inserted into different slots 51, so that the relative angle of the protection tube 2 is changed, such as Figure 7 and Figure 8 By comparison, it can be seen that the protection pipe 2 can be installed at a suitable position according to the geological conditions previously explored by the geological radar. During installation, the inclined rod 56 is pulled by a conventional pulling device, such as a hydraulic cylinder, so that the protection pipe 2 is inserted into the inner wall of the cave along the axial direction and fixed;

[0035] The present invention connects the ground of the tunnel crossing area and the cave through an outer protective pipe 1. On the one hand, the outer protective pipe 1 facilitates the installation of the optical fiber sensor 4. On the other hand, the outer protective pipe 1 is used to fill the cave later. The inner protective pipe 11 extends into the cave with the protective pipe 2. The protective pipe 2 is tilted and opened, and the inner protective pipe 11 is pulled along the axial direction of the protective pipe 2. The optical fiber sensor 4 is fixed to the inner wall of the cave through the fixture 3. After the cave is filled (before the slurry is solidified), the protective pipe 2 is removed. One end of the optical fiber sensor 4 is fixed to the original soil body, and the other end is fixed to the filling body, so as to monitor the settlement of the filling body and avoid timely elimination of safety hazards.

[0036] The present invention is described by taking one sensor 4 as an example. In actual construction, multiple groups of monitoring are reasonably set according to the size of the cave.

[0037] Example 2

[0038] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the fixer 3 includes an electric motor 31, which has a built-in battery. The main shaft of the electric motor 31 is fixedly connected to a boring bit 32. A spiral piece 33 is arranged on the outside of the boring bit 32. A slot 34 is arranged at the tail of the electric motor 31. The protective tube 2 is inserted into the slot 34. The boring bit 32 is embedded into the soil of the inner wall of the cave by rotating to cooperate with the spiral piece 33, thereby fixing the upper end of the optical fiber sensor 4.

[0039] The protection tube 2 comprises two half tubes 21 which are hingedly connected to each other, and an expansion torsion spring is arranged on the hinge axis of the two half tubes 21;

[0040] One of the half tubes 21 is fixedly connected to a traction wire 22, which is fixedly connected to the lower end of the push rod 12. The inner protective tube 11 is hingedly connected to a guide seat 23 at the side. The cross-section of the guide seat 23 is an excellent circular structure and the opening faces downward, which facilitates the inner protective tube 11 and the guide seat 23 to be lifted upward, leaving an escape channel for the cable 41 of the optical fiber sensor 4 and maintaining the guiding function of the protective tube 2.

[0041] The protection tube 2 is provided with a notch 24 , and the notch 24 is provided corresponding to the guide seat 23 .

[0042] In Example 2, the push rod 12 pushes the traction wire 22 downward, and the protective tube 2 as a whole slides downward along the guide of the guide seat 23. The two half-tubes 21 that constitute the protective tube 2 are disengaged from the card slot 34, and have a tendency to rotate outward and open with the bottom rotating shaft as a reference. As the protective tube 2 slides on the guide seat 23, when the notch 24 reaches the guide seat 23, the wrapping effect of the guide seat 23 on the protective tube 2 is lost, and the two half-tubes 21 rotate outward and open, so that the protective tube 2 can be downwardly separated from the cable and body of the optical fiber sensor 4, so that the protection of the optical fiber sensor 4 is removed, and the protective tube 2 is further inserted downward into the uncured filling body, and then the push rod 12 and the protective tube 2 are pulled out upward, which is convenient for reuse, and the optical fiber sensor 4 can be left alone in the installation position.

[0043] Example 3

[0044] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the protective tube 2 includes a reference tube 211 and a buffer tube 212 axially slidably connected to the upper end of the reference tube 211, the traction wire 22 is fixedly connected to the buffer tube 212, a buffer spring is installed between the upper end of the reference tube 211 and the buffer tube 212, a damping plate is set on the inner ring of the guide seat 23, and the outer side of the buffer tube 212 is fixedly connected to a push plate 214.

[0045] In this embodiment, the reference tube 211 is also a split type. For ease of understanding, in this embodiment, the reference tube 211 is an integral component, and the buffer tube 212 is another integral component. The traction wire 22 pulls the buffer tube 212 to move axially along the guide seat 23. The reference tube 211 moves slowly due to the resistance of the inner ring damping plate of the guide seat 23 (without affecting the final separation), and the buffer spring can be quickly retracted and retracted by traction (the buffer tube 212 quickly approaches the reference tube 211 and compresses the buffer spring, and the traction wire 22 is released. Under the action of the buffer spring rebound, the buffer tube 212 moves away from the reference tube 211), and then the buffer tube 212 can form a pushing effect with the push plate 214, and the filler filled by synchronous grouting is wrapped around it, and the filler is pushed axially by the buffer tube 212 and the push plate 214 to fill the gap after the protective tube 2 is removed, thereby avoiding the formation of a cavity around the optical fiber sensor 4 and avoiding monitoring failure.

[0046] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A tunnel crossing area reinforcement monitoring device, comprising: An outer protective pipe (1) is passed through the ground of the tunnel crossing area and the karst cave; An inner protective tube (11) is placed inside the outer protective tube (1); A push rod (12) is coaxially slidably connected in the inner protective tube (11); A protective tube (2) is hingedly connected to the lower end of the inner protective tube (11) and a spring-opening torsion spring is arranged on the hinge axis; The invention is characterized in that a fixer (3) is plugged into the end of the protection tube (2), an optical fiber sensor (4) is arranged at the bottom of the fixer (3), and the protection tube (2) is a split structure and is wrapped around the outside of the optical fiber sensor (4).

2. A tunnel crossing area reinforcement monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixer (3) comprises an electric motor (31), the main shaft of the electric motor (31) is fixedly connected to a tunneling drill bit (32), a spiral blade (33) is arranged outside the tunneling drill bit (32), a slot (34) is arranged at the tail of the electric motor (31), and the protective tube (2) is inserted into the slot (34).

3. A tunnel crossing area reinforcement monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The protection tube (2) comprises two half tubes (21) hingedly connected to each other, and an expansion torsion spring is arranged on the hinge axes of the two half tubes (21); One of the half tubes (21) is fixedly connected to a traction wire (22), which is fixedly connected to the lower end of the push rod (12). The inner protective tube (11) is hingedly connected to a guide seat (23) at its side, and the cross section of the guide seat (23) is an excellent circular structure with its opening facing downward.

4. The tunnel crossing area reinforcement monitoring device according to claim 3 is characterized by: The protection tube (2) is provided with a notch (24), and the notch (24) is provided corresponding to the guide seat (23).

5. The tunnel crossing area reinforcement monitoring device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The protection tube (2) comprises a reference tube (211) and a buffer tube (212) axially slidably connected to the upper end of the reference tube (211); the traction wire (22) is fixedly connected to the buffer tube (212); a buffer spring is installed between the upper end of the reference tube (211) and the buffer tube (212); a damping plate is arranged on the inner ring of the guide seat (23); and a push plate (214) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the buffer tube (212).

6. The tunnel crossing area reinforcement monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of slots (51) are arranged on the inner wall of the upper end of the outer protective tube (1), a guide column (52) is arranged on the upper end of the inner protective tube (11), an insertion rod (53) is arranged outside the guide column (52), and the insertion rod (53) is matched with the slots (51).

7. The tunnel crossing area reinforcement monitoring device according to claim 6 is characterized by: The guide column (52) is provided with a slide groove (54), a slider (55) is slidably connected in the slide groove (54), the inner protective tube (11) is fixedly connected to the slider (55), one side of the slider (55) is fixedly connected to an inclined rod (56), and the inclined rod (56) is parallel to the unfolded protective tube (2).

Images