While-drilling seismic acquisition method and device

Abstract

The invention provides a while-drilling seismic acquisition method and device, and the method comprises the steps: 1, carrying out the while-drilling seismic excitation of a drill bit at a target interval, and obtaining an excited seismic source signal; 2, seismic signals generated after excitation are received through a node detector, and direct waves and reflected waves from an underground target interval are obtained; and step 3, intercepting the seismic signal while drilling, and combining and superposing the preprocessing to obtain an acquisition signal with a relatively high signal-to-noise ratio. According to the while-drilling earthquake acquisition method and device, while-drilling earthquake acquisition efficiency and data quality can be improved, and reliable original information is provided for further performing pre-drilling pressure prediction and stratum prediction by using the while-drilling earthquake.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas exploration and development, and in particular to a method and device for seismic acquisition while drilling. Background Art

[0002] As the targets of oil exploration and development shift from medium and shallow layers to deep layers, ultra-deep layers and more complex geological bodies, the difficulty and requirements of drilling technology are becoming increasingly higher, and the potential risks and unpredictability of drilling projects are increasing. How to improve the depth prediction accuracy and pressure prediction accuracy of the formation before drilling, and thereby improve the reservoir encounter rate and drilling success rate, is one of the key factors in achieving safe, efficient and accurate drilling.

[0003] Drill-Bit Seismic While Drilling (DB-SWD) is a geophysical method that uses the vibration of the drill bit breaking the rock or other downhole equipment to stimulate seismic waves during the drilling process, receives them on the ground for velocity inversion, and images the reflected waves. On this basis, accurate velocity information is used to predict pre-drilling pressure, timely detect pre-drilling pressure anomalies, and reduce drilling risks. At present, domestic Drill-Bit Seismic While Drilling mainly uses seismic waves generated by the continuous vibration of the drill bit breaking the rock. The energy generated by the drill bit breaking the rock is small, which is also a common problem of seismic sources in conventional wells. Especially when the drill bit is deeper and deeper, the energy of the direct wave and reflected wave received by the ground detector is extremely weak. In addition, the noise generated by the drilling equipment at the well site greatly affects the quality of signal reception, which greatly restricts the development and application of Drill-Bit Seismic While Drilling technology.

[0004] In the Chinese patent application with application number: CN202080016798.2, the technology involved in determining the position of the drill bit includes: identifying multiple acoustic energy signals received from a passive acoustic energy source at multiple groups of acoustic receivers, which is part of a wellbore drilling system; processing multiple acoustic energy signals; determining the position of the drill bit of the wellbore drilling system based on the processed multiple acoustic signals; and updating the geological guidance path of the drill bit based on the determined drill bit position.

[0005] In the Chinese patent application with application number: CN201210368431.4, a seismic drill bit vibration signal measurement system for drilling while drilling is involved, which can meet the application requirements of seismic engineering while drilling. It includes three parts: drill bit vibration signal acquisition, transmission and processing. The acquisition part of the drill bit vibration signal adopts an independent drill bit vibration signal acquisition short section. The drill bit vibration signal processing is performed by a computer pre-installed with drill bit vibration signal acquisition and analysis software. The drill bit vibration signal acquisition short section and the computer are transmitted in the form of a wireless local area network. Among them, the drill bit vibration signal acquisition short section is a sensor compartment, a battery compartment, a circuit board compartment and a wireless module compartment preset on the outer periphery of the middle part of the short section; wherein the sensor is a three-component accelerometer; the circuit board circuit includes filtering and conditioning, signal amplification, A / D modulation, digital filtering, microprocessor, real-time clock, D / A test, memory and GPS. The invention adopts a rigid connection with the drill string, has good signal quality, is easy to construct, and ensures the safety of drilling construction.

[0006] In the Chinese patent application with application number: CN200810183498.4, a method and device for collecting seismic reference signals while drilling is disclosed. The noise generated by the vibration of the drill bit during drilling is used as the seismic source. The seismic reference signal collection device while drilling installed under the square drill rod collects the drill bit vibration signal propagating along the drill string direction, and sends the collected data to the reference signal monitoring host in a wireless manner. After being processed by the host, it is sent to the central host. The seismic reference signal collection device while drilling includes a sensor unit (32), a filter conditioning unit (33), an A / D converter (35), a real-time clock unit (38), a GPS unit (40), a wireless communication unit (41), a memory unit (42), etc. Each unit is placed in a short section. The device is easy to construct, does not affect the drilling production process, is rigidly connected to the drill string, has real-time signal transmission, good signal quality, convenient battery replacement, and easy system maintenance.

[0007] In the Chinese patent application with application number: CN202111394390.1, a method for obtaining seismic signals while drilling is involved, including: using a first observation method to deploy detectors to obtain a first seismic reference signal and a second seismic reference signal; using a second observation method to deploy detectors to obtain first seismic data; using a third observation method to deploy detectors to obtain second seismic data; obtaining a first output reference signal based on the comparison of the first seismic reference signal and the second seismic signal, and optimizing the first output signal to obtain a second output reference signal; processing the second seismic data to obtain the first output data; and obtaining the direct wave travel time based on the first output data, the second output signal and the first seismic data. The invention obtains array and near-wellhead seismic data while drilling by combining the methods of detector array combination observation, near-wellhead observation and survey line observation. The data acquisition efficiency is high and the signal-to-noise ratio is high, which effectively solves the problem of near-surface noise interference.

[0008] The above existing technologies are greatly different from the present invention and fail to solve the technical problem we want to solve. Therefore, we have invented a new method and device for seismic acquisition while drilling. Summary of the invention

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and device for seismic acquisition while drilling that can improve the efficiency and data quality of seismic acquisition while drilling, and provide reliable original information for further using seismic acquisition while drilling to perform pre-drilling pressure prediction and formation prediction.

[0010] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical measures: a seismic acquisition while drilling method, the seismic acquisition while drilling method comprising:

[0011] Step 1, performing seismic excitation while drilling in the target layer to obtain an excited seismic source signal;

[0012] Step 2, using node geophones to receive seismic signals generated after excitation, and obtaining direct waves and reflected waves from the underground target layer;

[0013] Step 3: Perform preprocessing on the while-drilling seismic signal by intercepting, combining and stacking to obtain a collection signal with a higher signal-to-noise ratio.

[0014] The purpose of the present invention can also be achieved by the following technical measures:

[0015] In step 1, drilling is stopped in the well, the jar is lifted to a certain height, the jar is released, and the jar falls and strikes the drill bit by gravity to generate an excitation signal.

[0016] In step 2, based on the principle of easy deployment of node detectors, a straight line is selected on the ground around the well, and node detectors are arranged along the straight line. The distance between detection points is fixed at a certain value ds, and the number of detection points = [L / ds]. Node detectors are buried at each detection point according to the three-point method, the five-point method, the seven-point method, or the nine-point method.

[0017] In step 2, the distance between the selected straight line and the projection point of the jar source point on the ground shall not exceed 1 / 20 of the depth of the jar source point, and the line length L shall be at least 0.2 km.

[0018] In step 2, the ds value is in the range of 5-50m.

[0019] In step 2, the embedded node detector is a Z, X, and Y three-component detector.

[0020] In step 3, the seismic signals while drilling from the underground target layer are intercepted according to the depth range of the target layer, and combined stacking processing is performed according to the signal-to-noise ratio of the received signals to obtain acquisition signals with a higher signal-to-noise ratio.

[0021] In step 3, according to the jar firing time and firing interval, the node detector recording signals obtained from each firing are intercepted; the intercepted records are extracted and rearranged according to Z, X, and Y, and all node detectors Z, X, and Y of the same monitoring point are combined and superimposed to obtain a collection signal with a higher signal-to-noise ratio for each detection point.

[0022] In step 3, the intercepted node detector recording signal is at least 6 seconds.

[0023] In step 3, assume that the three-component record of the detector at a certain detection point is Z ij , X ij , Y ij , where i is the detector number, i=1, n, n is 3 or 5 or 7 or 9, j is the record sampling point number, j=1, m, m is the maximum sampling point number; let Z 0j , X 0j , Y 0j is the three-component record after combined superposition, then:

[0024]

[0025]

[0026]

[0027] The object of the present invention can also be achieved by the following technical measures: a seismic acquisition device while drilling, the seismic acquisition device while drilling comprising:

[0028] The excitation module performs seismic excitation while drilling in the target layer to obtain the excited seismic source signal;

[0029] The receiving module uses node detectors to receive the seismic signals generated after excitation and obtain direct waves and reflected waves from underground;

[0030] The while-drilling seismic data preprocessing module intercepts, combines and superimposes the while-drilling seismic signals to obtain acquisition signals with a higher signal-to-noise ratio.

[0031] The purpose of the present invention can also be achieved by the following technical measures:

[0032] The while-drilling seismic data preprocessing module starts to intercept the node detector recording signal obtained from each excitation according to the excitation time and excitation interval of the jar, extracts and rearranges the intercepted records according to Z, X, and Y, and combines and superimposes all node detectors Z, X, and Y of the same detection point to obtain a collection signal with a higher signal-to-noise ratio at each detection point.

[0033] The node detector recording signal intercepted by the while-drilling seismic data preprocessing module is at least 6 seconds.

[0034] The method and device for seismic acquisition while drilling in the present invention relate to the problem of the drill bit seismic acquisition while drilling method that intersects oil drilling and seismic exploration and development. The method and device for seismic acquisition while drilling can use the downhole jar as the seismic source for excitation and the node detector for reception to obtain seismic data while drilling. Furthermore, the node detector acquisition data can be pre-processed by interception, combined superposition and other methods to achieve the extraction of seismic signals while drilling and the improvement of the signal-to-noise ratio of the acquired data. On this basis, the acquired direct wave information is used to perform high-precision rapid inversion calculation of the formation velocity, which can provide more accurate formation velocity for time-depth conversion of seismic imaging data and prediction of abnormal formation pressure to ensure drilling safety, and can also provide high-precision velocity model update for three-dimensional seismic data offset imaging to improve the quality of three-dimensional offset imaging. In addition, the obtained reflection wave information can be used to accurately predict the depth of the formation in front of the drill bit, providing technical support for timely adjustment of the drilling plan. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a specific embodiment of the method for seismic acquisition while drilling of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a drill bit while drilling seismic jar in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the design of the ground detection point position of the drill bit while drilling seismic reception in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of node detectors at each detection point of the drill bit while drilling seismic in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 It is a Z, X, Y record diagram of the seismic interception of the drill bit while drilling in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 It is a Z, X, Y record diagram extracted and rearranged after the drill bit seismic interception while drilling in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 7 It is the final Z, X, Y record diagram after the combined stacking of the drill bit while drilling seismic in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 8 It is a Z, X, Y record diagram of the drill bit while drilling seismic without combined stacking in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Fig. 9The figure is a schematic diagram of the module structure of a seismic acquisition while drilling device in a specific embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and are intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0045] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations and / or combinations thereof.

[0046] The principle of seismic acquisition while drilling comes from ground seismic exploration. The main technology is that the source is excited at the source point and the detector receives the signal at the detection point. The observation system is usually designed according to the geological task. According to the designed observation system, the detectors are buried at equal intervals on the detection point line, and the source is excited at equal intervals on the shot point line to obtain the seismic wave field from the underground.

[0047] The seismic acquisition while drilling method of the present invention comprises:

[0048] Step 1, performing seismic excitation while drilling in the target layer to obtain an excited seismic source signal;

[0049] Stop drilling in the well, lift the jar to a certain height, release the jar, and use gravity to drop the jar and hammer the drill bit to generate an excitation signal;

[0050] Step 2: arranging node detectors on the ground to receive the seismic signals generated after the excitation. The seismic signals have a certain frequency band range and energy size, so as to obtain the direct wave and the reflected wave from the underground target layer;

[0051] According to the principle of easy layout of node geophones, a straight line is selected on the ground around the well, the distance between the straight line and the projection point of the jar source point on the ground does not exceed 1 / 20 of the depth of the jar source point, and the line length L is at least 0.2km; node geophones are arranged along the above straight line, the distance between detection points is fixed at a certain value ds in the range of 5-50m, the number of detection points = [L / ds], and node geophones are buried at each detection point according to the three-point method, five-point method, seven-point method or nine-point method. The buried node geophones are Z, X, and Y three-component geophones.

[0052] Step 3: Preprocess the while-drilling seismic signals by intercepting, combining and stacking to obtain acquisition signals with a higher signal-to-noise ratio.

[0053] For the seismic signals while drilling from the underground target layer, they are intercepted according to the depth range of the target layer, and combined stacking processing is performed according to the signal-to-noise ratio of the received signals to obtain acquisition signals with a higher signal-to-noise ratio.

[0054] According to the jar firing time and firing interval, the node detector recording signals obtained from each firing are intercepted, generally for at least 6 seconds; the intercepted records are extracted and rearranged according to Z, X, and Y, and all node detectors Z, X, and Y of the same monitoring point are combined and superimposed to obtain a high signal-to-noise ratio acquisition signal for each detection point.

[0055] The present invention also provides a seismic acquisition device while drilling, which comprises:

[0056] The excitation module is used to perform seismic excitation while drilling in the target layer section to obtain the excited seismic source signal;

[0057] A receiving module is used to use node detectors to receive seismic signals generated after excitation, and obtain direct waves and reflected waves from underground;

[0058] The while-drilling seismic data preprocessing module is used to perform preprocessing such as interception, combination and stacking of while-drilling seismic signals to obtain acquisition signals with a higher signal-to-noise ratio.

[0059] The present invention also provides a seismic acquisition system while drilling, the system comprising:

[0060] A set of wellbore jars, more than 50 node detectors, at least one processor and a memory storing computer executable instructions obtain high-quality while-drilling seismic data through jar excitation, node detector reception and data preprocessing, and implement the steps of the method described in any of the above embodiments.

[0061] The following are several specific embodiments of the present invention.

[0062] Example 1

[0063] In a specific embodiment 1 of the present invention, the method for seismic acquisition while drilling of the present invention can utilize a downhole jar in the well as a source for excitation, receive the seismic wave field generated by the jar excitation, and further calculate the formation velocity below the drill bit and predict the formation depth by utilizing the direct wave reflected wave in the seismic wave field.

[0064] Figure 1 The present invention provides a flow chart of a method for seismic acquisition while drilling.

[0065] Specific implementation examples Figure 1 As shown, in an example of a method for seismic acquisition while drilling of the present invention, the method may include:

[0066] S2: Perform seismic excitation while drilling in the target layer to obtain the excited source signal.

[0067] Stop drilling in the well being drilled, such as Figure 2 As shown, the jar is lifted to a certain height, and then released, and the jar falls and hits the drill bit by utilizing the gravity factor, thereby generating an excited source signal;

[0068] S4: Use node detectors to receive the seismic signals generated after excitation to obtain direct waves and reflected waves from underground.

[0069] like Figure 3 As shown in the figure, according to the principle of easy deployment of node detectors, a straight line is selected on the ground around the well, the distance between the straight line and the projection point of the jar source point on the ground does not exceed 1 / 20 of the depth of the jar source point, and the length of the straight line L is at least 0.2km; the detection points are determined along the straight line, and the distance between the detection points is fixed at a value ds in the range of 5-50m, and the number of detection points = [L / ds]. Figure 3 As shown, a node detector is buried at each detection point according to the three-point method, the five-point method, the seven-point method or the nine-point method, and the buried node detector is a Z, X, and Y three-component detector.

[0070] S6: Preprocess the seismic signals while drilling by intercepting, combining and stacking them to obtain acquisition signals with a higher signal-to-noise ratio.

[0071] According to the excitation time and interval of the jar, the node detector recording signal obtained from each excitation begins to be intercepted, generally for at least 6 seconds; the intercepted records are extracted and rearranged according to Z, X, and Y, and all node detectors Z, X, and Y of the same detection point are combined and superimposed to obtain a collection signal with a higher signal-to-noise ratio for each detection point.

[0072] The combination described in this manual is as follows:

[0073] Assume that the three-component record of a certain detection point node is Z ij , X ij , Y ij , where i is the detector number, i=1, n (n is 3 or 5 or 7 or 9), j is the recording sampling point number, j=1, m (m is the maximum sampling point number). Let Z 0j , X 0j , Y 0j is the three-component record after combined superposition, then:

[0074]

[0075]

[0076]

[0077] Example 2

[0078] In order to better illustrate the feasibility and practicality of the implementation scheme of the present application, this specification also provides a specific example 2.

[0079] like Figure 4 As shown in the figure, this is the original record received from the jar excitation and node detector of a well. There are 10 ground detection points with a distance of 20m between detection points. Three node detectors are buried at each detection point. The record shows serious noise and low signal-to-noise ratio of direct wave and reflected wave. According to the 3.4s record length, the intercepted record is extracted and rearranged according to Z, X, and Y, as shown in the figure below. Figure 5 (Z component), Figure 6 (X component), Figure 7 All node detectors Z, X, and Y of the same detection point are combined and superimposed to obtain a collection signal with a higher signal-to-noise ratio at each detection point. Figure 8 It is the Z component record after combined stacking. After combined stacking, the signal-to-noise ratio of the record is greatly improved, providing a high-signal-to-noise ratio and high-reliability acquisition signal for pre-drilling velocity prediction and formation depth prediction.

[0080] Example 3

[0081] Based on the above-mentioned method for seismic acquisition while drilling, the present specification also provides a seismic acquisition while drilling device. The device may include a system, software (application), module, component, server, etc. that uses the method described in the embodiments of this specification and is combined with necessary implementation hardware. Based on the same innovative concept, the device in one or more embodiments provided in the embodiments of this specification is as described in the following embodiments. Since the implementation scheme and method of the device to solve the problem are similar, the implementation of the specific device in the embodiments of this specification can refer to the implementation of the aforementioned method, and the repeated parts will not be repeated. As used below, the combination of software and / or hardware that belongs to the "unit" or "module" can realize the predetermined function. Although the device described in the following embodiments is preferably implemented in software, the implementation of hardware, or a combination of software and hardware is also possible and conceivable. Specifically, Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the module structure of an embodiment of a seismic acquisition device while drilling is shown in the specification, such as Fig. 9 As shown, the device includes:

[0082] The while-drilling seismic excitation module 102 can be used to perform while-drilling seismic excitation in the target layer section to obtain the excited seismic source signal;

[0083] The while-drilling seismic receiving module 104 can be used to use node detectors to receive seismic signals generated after excitation to obtain direct waves and reflected waves from underground;

[0084] The while-drilling seismic signal interception, combination and stacking preprocessing module 106 can be used to perform preprocessing such as interception, combination and stacking on the while-drilling seismic signal to obtain a collection signal with a higher signal-to-noise ratio.

[0085] By using the solution in the above embodiment, the problem of low signal-to-noise ratio of seismic recording while drilling can be effectively solved, and a high-signal-to-noise ratio and high-reliability acquisition signal can be further provided for pre-drilling velocity prediction and formation depth prediction.

[0086] The seismic signal interception and combination stacking preprocessing module 106 may include:

[0087] The first step is to start intercepting the node detector recording signal obtained from each excitation according to the excitation time and excitation interval of the jar, which is generally at least 6 seconds;

[0088] In the second step, the intercepted records are extracted and rearranged according to Z, X, and Y, and all node detectors Z, X, and Y of the same detection point are combined and superimposed to obtain a collection signal with a higher signal-to-noise ratio for each detection point.

[0089] It should be noted that the above-mentioned device may also include other implementations according to the description of the method embodiment. The specific implementations may refer to the description of the relevant method embodiment, which will not be described one by one here.

[0090] Example 4

[0091] The method or device described in the above embodiments of the present invention can implement business logic through a computer program and record it on a storage medium, and the storage medium can be read and executed by a computer to achieve the effect of the solution described in the embodiments of this specification. Therefore, this specification also provides a seismic acquisition device while drilling, including a processor and a memory storing instructions executable by the processor, and when the instructions are executed by the processor, the following steps are implemented:

[0092] Carry out seismic excitation while drilling in the target layer to obtain the excited seismic source signal;

[0093] Node geophones are used to receive seismic signals generated after excitation, and direct waves and reflected waves from underground are obtained;

[0094] The seismic signals while drilling are preprocessed by interception, combination and stacking to obtain acquisition signals with higher signal-to-noise ratio.

[0095] The storage medium may include a physical device for storing information, which is usually a medium that digitizes information and then stores it in an electrical, magnetic or optical manner. The storage medium may include: a device that stores information in an electrical manner, such as a hard disk, a floppy disk, a magnetic disk, a magnetic core memory, a USB flash drive; a device that stores information in an optical manner, such as a CD or a DVD. Of course, there are other types of readable storage media, such as quantum memory, graphene memory, etc.

[0096] It should be noted that the above-mentioned device may also include other implementations according to the description of the method embodiment. The specific implementations may refer to the description of the relevant method embodiment, which will not be described one by one here.

[0097] This specification also provides a seismic acquisition system while drilling, which can be a separate server, or can include a server cluster, system (including distributed system), software (application), actual operation device, logic gate circuit device, quantum computer, etc. using one or more methods or one or more embodiments of this specification, and a terminal device combined with necessary implementation hardware. The seismic acquisition system while drilling can include at least one processor and a memory storing computer executable instructions, and when the processor executes the instructions, the steps of the method described in any one or more embodiments are implemented.

[0098] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0099] Except for the technical features described in the specification, all other technical features are known technologies to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A method for seismic acquisition while drilling, characterized in that: The seismic acquisition while drilling method includes: Step 1, performing seismic excitation while drilling in the target layer to obtain an excited seismic source signal; Step 2, using node geophones to receive seismic signals generated after excitation, and obtaining direct waves and reflected waves from the underground target layer; Step 3: Perform preprocessing on the while-drilling seismic signal by intercepting, combining and stacking to obtain a collection signal with a higher signal-to-noise ratio.

2. The method for seismic acquisition while drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1, drilling is stopped in the well, the jar is lifted to a certain height, the jar is released, and the jar falls and strikes the drill bit by gravity to generate an excitation signal.

3. The method for seismic acquisition while drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2, based on the principle of easy deployment of node detectors, a straight line is selected on the ground around the well, and node detectors are arranged along the straight line. The distance between detection points is fixed at a certain value ds, and the number of detection points = [L / ds]. Node detectors are buried at each detection point according to the three-point method, the five-point method, the seven-point method, or the nine-point method.

4. The method for seismic acquisition while drilling according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step 2, the distance between the selected straight line and the projection point of the jar source point on the ground shall not exceed 1 / 20 of the depth of the jar source point, and the line length L shall be at least 0.2 km.

5. The method for seismic acquisition while drilling according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step 2, the ds value is in the range of 5-50m.

6. The method for seismic acquisition while drilling according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step 2, the embedded node detector is a Z, X, and Y three-component detector.

7. The method for seismic acquisition while drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 3, the seismic signals while drilling from the underground target layer are intercepted according to the depth range of the target layer, and combined stacking processing is performed according to the signal-to-noise ratio of the received signals to obtain acquisition signals with a higher signal-to-noise ratio.

8. The method for seismic acquisition while drilling according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step 3, according to the jar firing time and the firing interval, the node detector recording signals obtained from each firing are intercepted; the intercepted records are extracted and rearranged according to Z, X, and Y, and all node detectors Z, X, and Y of the same monitoring point are combined and superimposed to obtain a collection signal with a higher signal-to-noise ratio for each detection point.

9. The method for seismic acquisition while drilling according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step 3, the intercepted node detector recording signal is at least 6 seconds.

10. The method for seismic acquisition while drilling according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step 3, assume that the three-component record of the detector at a certain detection point is Z ij , X ij , Y ij , where i is the detector number, i=1, n, n is 3 or 5 or 7 or 9, j is the record sampling point number, j=1, m, m is the maximum sampling point number; let Z 0j , X 0j , Y 0j is the three-component record after combined superposition, then:

11. A seismic acquisition device while drilling, characterized in that: The seismic acquisition device while drilling includes: The excitation module performs seismic excitation while drilling in the target layer to obtain the excited seismic source signal; The receiving module uses node detectors to receive the seismic signals generated after excitation and obtain direct waves and reflected waves from underground; The while-drilling seismic data preprocessing module intercepts, combines and superimposes the while-drilling seismic signals to obtain acquisition signals with a higher signal-to-noise ratio.

12. The seismic acquisition while drilling device according to claim 11, characterized in that: The while-drilling seismic data preprocessing module starts to intercept the node detector recording signal obtained from each excitation according to the excitation time and excitation interval of the jar, extracts and rearranges the intercepted records according to Z, X, and Y, and combines and superimposes all node detectors Z, X, and Y of the same detection point to obtain a collection signal with a higher signal-to-noise ratio at each detection point.

13. The seismic acquisition while drilling device according to claim 12, characterized in that: The node detector recording signal intercepted by the while-drilling seismic data preprocessing module is at least 6 seconds.

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